CN108682919B - System and method for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on phase change microcapsule suspension - Google Patents
System and method for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on phase change microcapsule suspension Download PDFInfo
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- CN108682919B CN108682919B CN201810482706.4A CN201810482706A CN108682919B CN 108682919 B CN108682919 B CN 108682919B CN 201810482706 A CN201810482706 A CN 201810482706A CN 108682919 B CN108682919 B CN 108682919B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on a phase-change microcapsule suspension. The system comprises a box body and a lithium ion battery pack which is arranged in the box body and consists of square lithium ion battery monomers which are vertically placed side by side, wherein one side of the lithium ion battery pack is provided with a liquid inlet pipe, the other side of the lithium ion battery pack is provided with a liquid outlet pipe, a micro-channel metal plate is also arranged in the box body, the micro-channel metal plate and the lithium ion battery monomers are vertically arranged at intervals, a temperature sensor is arranged in the lithium ion battery pack, and a controller, a water pump, a heater. The invention utilizes the characteristics of large phase change latent heat of the phase change microcapsule suspension, constant temperature of the microcapsule phase change process and capability of convective heat transfer of the suspension under the action of a water pump, uses the phase change microcapsule suspension for battery thermal management, combines the main thermal management and the passive thermal management, has heating and cooling functions, and realizes the accurate control of the temperature in the lithium ion battery pack.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a system and a method for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on phase-change microcapsule suspension.
Background art:
the lithium ion battery is used as an important component of the electric automobile and has higher requirements on the working environment. Research results show that the temperature has important influence on the charge and discharge performance and the service life of the lithium ion battery. When the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the internal resistance is overlarge when electrochemical reaction occurs inside the lithium ion battery, the discharge power is lower, and normal charging cannot be realized; the square lithium ion battery has the advantages that the heat generation amount is small during low-rate charge and discharge, the heat generation amount of each part is balanced, the heat generation amount is increased rapidly during high-rate rapid charge and discharge, the difference of different areas is obvious, and the heat generation rate of the area close to a battery tab is larger; the square battery limited by battery materials has low thermal conductivity, and the temperature of regions near the tabs, in the middle of the battery and the like is high, so that if the regions of the battery cannot be cooled timely and effectively, the service life of the battery is seriously influenced, and even safety problems such as thermal runaway and the like are caused. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal operation of the lithium ion battery pack and prolong the cycle life of the battery, a battery pack thermal management system is adopted to control the temperature within 25-40 ℃ and the temperature difference between modules is less than 5 ℃.
At present, air cooling and liquid cooling are mainly adopted for the thermal management of lithium ion battery packs for electric automobiles. The air cooling method is a heat dissipation method for reducing the temperature of the battery by taking low-temperature air as a medium, utilizes natural wind or a fan and is matched with a radiator of an automobile to cool the battery, and is most widely applied to a battery thermal management system of the electric automobile. The air cooling system has a simple structure, is convenient to maintain, and has a poor cooling effect under the conditions of high ambient temperature, continuous heavy load and the like. The liquid cooling means that liquid coolant is adopted to perform heat exchange with the battery pack in a convection heat exchange mode, and heat generated by the battery is taken away to reduce the temperature of the battery. Because the specific heat capacity and the heat conductivity coefficient of the liquid medium are larger than those of air, the heat convection effect is obviously increased, the cooling speed is high, the effects of reducing the highest temperature of the battery pack and improving the consistency of the temperature field of the battery pack are obvious, and meanwhile, the volume of the heat management system is relatively small. However, this method requires an additional circulating water pump, which increases the complexity of the system.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a system and a method for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on phase change microcapsule suspension, which utilize the characteristics of large phase change latent heat of the phase change microcapsule suspension, constant temperature in the phase change process of the microcapsule and capability of convective heat transfer of the phase change microcapsule suspension under the action of a water pump to apply the phase change microcapsule suspension to battery thermal management, combine main thermal management and passive thermal management, have heating and cooling functions, are suitable for different environmental temperatures and use conditions, control the battery temperature within an optimal range to the maximum extent through a flexible thermal management mode, reduce the maximum temperature difference of a single battery, effectively improve the safety of the battery, prolong the service life of the battery and reduce the energy consumption at the same time.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention aims to provide a system for heat management of a lithium ion battery pack based on phase-change microcapsule suspension, which comprises a box body and the lithium ion battery pack consisting of a plurality of square lithium ion battery monomers which are vertically arranged in the box body side by side, wherein one side of the lithium ion battery pack is provided with a liquid inlet pipe, the other side of the lithium ion battery pack is provided with a liquid outlet pipe, the box body is also internally provided with a microchannel metal plate, the microchannel metal plate and the lithium ion battery monomers are vertically arranged at intervals, the phase-change microcapsule suspension enters the microchannel metal plate through the liquid inlet pipe to cool or heat the lithium ion battery monomers and then flows out through the liquid outlet pipe, the lithium ion battery pack is internally provided with a temperature sensor, the box body is externally provided with a controller, a water pump, a heater, a radiator and a refrigerator, and the controller, the heater, the controller, the radiator, the water pump and the box body form a closed battery normal-temperature cooling loop, the controller, the cooler, the water pump and the box body form a closed battery high-temperature cooling loop, and the controller is further connected with a temperature sensor and receives signals transmitted by the temperature sensor.
The phase-change microcapsule suspension is a special functional fluid and is formed by uniformly mixing phase-change microcapsules and a carrier fluid. The phase-change microcapsule is internally sealed with a phase-change material, absorbs and releases a large amount of heat through phase-change latent heat, and simultaneously ensures the constancy of temperature. The phase-change microcapsule suspension has good flowing characteristics and can flow like water under the driving of a water pump. The battery thermal management system based on the phase change microcapsule suspension combines the phase change latent heat of the phase change microcapsule and the flow characteristic of a carrier fluid, has large equivalent specific heat capacity and small temperature change in the thermal management process, enlarges the heat exchange temperature difference between the fluid and a lithium ion battery, and is favorable for improving the convection heat exchange effect. Meanwhile, the phase-change microcapsule suspension absorbs a large amount of heat through natural convection in a static state, and a heater, a radiator and a refrigerator of the electric automobile are combined, so that the possibility of a flexible and changeable heat management mode is provided, and the reduction of the energy consumption of a heat management system is facilitated.
Preferably, the microchannel metal plate is provided with a microchannel for flowing the phase-change microcapsule suspension, the microchannel comprises a plurality of vertical channels, an upper horizontal channel and a lower horizontal channel which are uniformly distributed, wherein the inlet of the microchannel is positioned at one end of the upper horizontal channel and above the left side of the microchannel metal plate, and the outlet of the microchannel is positioned at one end of the lower horizontal channel and below the right side of the microchannel metal plate; the total area of the micro-channels of the micro-channel metal plate accounts for 70 percent of the area of the micro-channel metal plate; the wall thickness of the microchannel metal plate is 0.5mm, the section of the microchannel is rectangular, and the thickness is 3.5 mm.
Preferably, the microchannel metal plate, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are all made of aluminum. The microchannel metal plate is made of aluminum, so that the heat conduction effect is enhanced in the heat management process, and the local temperature difference of the battery is reduced.
Preferably, the liquid inlet pipe has a flat pipe section, and the liquid outlet pipe has a flat pipe section.
Preferably, the phase-change microcapsule suspension consists of 80% of water and 20% of phase-change microcapsules by mass, and the average particle size of the phase-change microcapsules is 0.1-1000 μm. The temperature of the phase-change microcapsule is about 35 ℃.
Preferably, the wall material of the phase-change microcapsule is melamine resin or urea resin, and the phase-change material in the phase-change microcapsule is paraffin or paraffin hydrocarbon.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery monomer be equipped with anodal utmost point ear and negative pole utmost point ear, the liquid inlet tube set up in the free anodal utmost point ear outside of lithium ion battery, the liquid outlet pipe set up in the below in the single negative pole utmost point ear outside of lithium ion battery, temperature sensor be close to anodal utmost point ear or negative pole utmost point ear department and set up. Because the temperature of the anode tab or the cathode tab is highest, the temperature sensor is arranged close to the anode tab or the cathode tab, so that the temperature of the lithium ion battery can be detected conveniently and timely, and the lithium ion battery can work within a normal temperature range.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for lithium ion battery thermal management based on a phase change microcapsule suspension, using the above system, comprising the steps of:
(1) under the cold condition, the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature in the lithium ion battery pack is lower than 10 ℃, the controller starts the water pump and the heater, a battery low-temperature heating loop is started, the phase-change microcapsule suspension enters the box body under the driving of the water pump after being heated by the heater, flows through the liquid inlet pipe, the microchannel metal plate and the liquid outlet pipe, heats the lithium ion battery pack in a convection heat exchange mode, controls the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack to be higher than 25 ℃, and maintains the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack within the optimal range of 25-40 ℃;
(2) under the condition of normal temperature, when the lithium ion battery pack is charged and discharged with small multiplying power, all parts of the lithium ion battery monomer have uniform heat productivity and small heat production quantity, the phase change microcapsule suspension is in a static state, in a microchannel metal plate among the lithium ion battery monomers in the lithium ion battery pack, the phase change microcapsule suspension absorbs the heat produced by the battery through heat conduction, and the phase change microcapsule in the phase change microcapsule suspension reduces the highest temperature of the lithium ion battery pack and reduces the temperature difference of all parts of the lithium ion battery pack by virtue of the phase change latent heat of the phase;
(3) under the condition of normal temperature, when the lithium ion battery pack is charged and discharged in a high-rate mode, the calorific value difference of each part of the lithium ion battery is large, the calorific value of the part, close to the anode tab or the cathode tab of the lithium ion battery, of the lithium ion battery is high, the temperature is the highest, when the temperature detected by a temperature sensor close to the anode tab or the cathode tab is higher than 40 ℃, a controller starts a water pump and a radiator, a battery normal-temperature cooling loop is opened, phase change microcapsule suspension enters the lithium ion battery pack under the driving of the water pump, flows through a liquid inlet pipe, a microchannel metal plate and a liquid outlet pipe, the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack is cooled in a convection heat exchange mode, the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery pack and the lithium;
(4) under the condition of high temperature, when a temperature sensor in the lithium ion battery pack monitors that the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack is higher than 40 ℃, a controller starts a water pump and a refrigerator, a battery high-temperature cooling loop is opened, the phase change microcapsule suspension enters the lithium ion battery pack under the driving of the water pump after being cooled by the refrigerator, flows through a liquid inlet pipe, a microchannel metal plate and a liquid outlet pipe, and is cooled by a convection heat exchange mode, meanwhile, the temperature difference between a lithium ion battery monomer and the lithium ion battery pack is reduced, and the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack is maintained within the optimal range of 25-40 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention utilizes the characteristics of large latent heat of phase change of the phase change microcapsule suspension, constant temperature of the phase change process of the microcapsule and capability of convective heat transfer of the suspension under the action of a water pump, uses the phase change microcapsule suspension for battery heat management, combines main and passive heat management, has heating and cooling functions, is suitable for different environmental temperatures and use working conditions, and realizes the accurate control of the temperature in the square lithium ion battery pack; the battery is effectively heated under the low-temperature condition by matching with the use of a water pump and a heater, so that the lithium ion battery pack works at a proper temperature and the normal work of the lithium ion battery pack is ensured; the battery is cooled only by heat conduction and phase change latent heat of the phase change microcapsules under the conditions of normal temperature and low load; the battery cooling device is matched with a water pump and a radiator under the condition of normal temperature and high load, the heat dissipation of the battery is enhanced through convection heat exchange, the battery is cooled in a forced convection mode under the condition of high temperature, and meanwhile, heat generated in the charging and discharging process is absorbed, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced to the maximum extent; on the basis of the application of the phase-change microcapsule suspension, the temperature of the battery is controlled within the optimal range to the maximum extent through a flexible thermal management mode, the maximum temperature difference of the single battery is reduced, the safety of the battery can be effectively improved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the lithium ion battery pack of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-section of the microchannel metal plate of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a controller, 2, a temperature sensor, 3, a water pump, 4, a heater, 5, a radiator, 6, a refrigerator, 7, a box body, 8, a lithium ion battery monomer, 9, a lithium ion battery pack, 10, a microchannel metal plate, 11, a liquid inlet pipe, 12, a liquid outlet pipe, 13, a microchannel inlet, 14, a microchannel outlet, 15, a vertical microchannel, 16, an upper (lower) horizontal microchannel, 17 and a phase-change microcapsule suspension.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following is a further description of the invention and is not intended to be limiting.
Unless otherwise specified, the devices and materials mentioned in the present invention are commercially available.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1-4, a phase-change microcapsule suspension-based lithium ion battery pack thermal management system comprises a box 7, a lithium ion battery pack 9 composed of a plurality of square lithium ion battery cells 8 arranged vertically side by side in the box 7, a phase-change microcapsule suspension 17, a liquid inlet pipe 11, a liquid outlet pipe 12, a microchannel metal plate 10 and a temperature sensor 2, a controller 1, a water pump 3, a heater 4, a radiator 5 and a refrigerator 6 arranged outside the box 7, wherein the lithium ion battery cells 8 are provided with a positive electrode tab and a negative electrode tab, a flat liquid inlet pipe 11 is arranged at one side of the lithium ion battery pack 9 and near the positive electrode tab of the lithium ion battery cells, a flat liquid outlet pipe 12 is arranged below the other side of the lithium ion battery pack 9, the microchannel metal plate 10 and the square lithium ion battery cells 8 are arranged vertically at intervals, the lithium ion battery pack 9 is internally provided with a temperature sensor 3, the heater 4, the radiator 5 and the refrigerator 6 are connected in parallel, the heater 4, the water pump 3, the liquid inlet pipe 11, the box 7, the liquid outlet pipe 12 and the controller 1 are connected in series to form a closed battery low-temperature heating loop, the radiator 5, the water pump 3, the liquid inlet pipe 11, the box 7, the liquid outlet pipe 12 and the controller 1 are connected in series to form a closed battery normal-temperature cooling loop, the refrigerator 6, the water pump 3, the liquid inlet pipe 11, the box 7, the liquid outlet pipe 12 and the controller 1 are connected in series to form a closed battery high-temperature cooling loop, the controller 1 is connected with the temperature sensor 2, receives a signal transmitted by the temperature sensor 2, determines to operate the battery low-temperature heating loop, the battery normal-temperature cooling loop or the, the normal work of the lithium ion battery is ensured.
The liquid inlet pipe 11 is connected with the microchannel inlet 13 of the microchannel metal plate 10, the liquid outlet pipe 12 is connected with the microchannel outlet 14 of the microchannel metal plate 10, the phase-change microcapsule suspension enters from the liquid inlet pipe 11, uniformly and dispersedly flows into the microchannel metal plate 10 between the adjacent lithium ion battery monomers 8, then the microchannels are uniformly distributed in the microchannel metal plate 10 to cool or heat the lithium ion battery 8, and the phase-change microcapsule suspension 17 is finally collected in the liquid outlet pipe 12 through the microchannel outlet 14 and flows out of the battery thermal management system.
A microchannel for flowing phase change microcapsule suspension 17 liquid is arranged on the microchannel metal plate 10, the microchannel comprises a plurality of vertical channels 15 and upper (lower) horizontal channels 16 which are uniformly distributed, wherein a microchannel inlet 13 is positioned at one end of the upper horizontal channel 16 and above the left side of the microchannel metal plate 10, and a microchannel outlet 14 is positioned at one end of the lower horizontal channel 16 and below the right side of the microchannel metal plate 10; the total microchannel area of the microchannel metal plate 10 accounts for 70% of the microchannel metal plate 10 area; the wall thickness of the micro-channel metal plate 10 is 0.5mm, the cross section of the micro-channel is rectangular, and the thickness is 3.5 mm.
The phase-change microcapsule suspension 17 consists of water with the mass fraction of 80% and phase-change microcapsules with the mass fraction of 20%, the average particle size of the phase-change microcapsules is 0.1-1000 mu m, and the temperature of the phase-change microcapsules is about 35 ℃. The capsule wall material of the phase-change microcapsule is melamine resin or urea resin, and the phase-change material in the phase-change microcapsule is paraffin or paraffin hydrocarbon.
The method for the thermal management of the lithium ion battery pack based on the phase-change microcapsule suspension by utilizing the device comprises the following steps:
under the cold condition, the temperature sensor 2 monitors that the temperature in the lithium ion battery pack 9 is lower than 10 ℃, the controller 1 starts the water pump 3 and the heater 4 to open a battery low-temperature heating loop, the phase-change microcapsule suspension 17 is heated by the heater 4 and then enters the lithium ion battery pack 9 under the driving of the water pump 3, flows through the liquid inlet pipe 11, the microchannel metal plate 10 and the liquid outlet pipe 12 to heat the lithium ion battery pack 9 in a convection heat exchange mode, and the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack 9 is controlled to be above 25 ℃.
Under the condition of normal temperature, when the lithium ion battery pack 9 is charged and discharged with small multiplying power, all parts of the lithium ion battery monomers 8 have uniform heating value and smaller heat generation quantity, the phase-change suspension liquid in the battery thermal management system is in a static state, the phase-change suspension liquid absorbs the heat generated by the battery through heat conduction in the microchannel metal plate 10 among the lithium ion battery monomers 8 in the lithium ion battery pack 9, and the phase-change microcapsules in the phase-change microcapsule suspension liquid 17 reduce the highest temperature of the lithium ion battery pack 9 and the temperature difference of all parts of the lithium ion battery pack 9 by means of the phase.
Under the condition of normal temperature, when the lithium ion battery pack 9 is charged and discharged with large multiplying power, the heat productivity difference of each part of the square lithium ion battery monomer 8 is large, the heat productivity of the battery close to the lug is large, the temperature is the highest, when the temperature sensor 2 close to the lug monitors that the temperature is higher than 40 ℃, the controller 1 starts the water pump 3 and the radiator 5, a battery normal temperature cooling loop is opened, the phase change microcapsule suspension 17 enters the lithium ion battery pack 9 under the driving of the water pump 3, flows through the liquid inlet pipe 11, the microchannel metal plate 10 and the liquid outlet pipe 12, the lithium ion battery pack 9 is cooled in a convection heat exchange mode, the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery monomer 8 and the lithium ion battery pack 9 is reduced, and the temperature of the lithium ion battery.
Under the condition of high temperature, when the temperature sensor 2 in the lithium ion battery pack 9 monitors that the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack 9 is higher than 40 ℃, the controller 1 starts the water pump 3 and the refrigerator 6, a high-temperature cooling loop is opened, the phase-change microcapsule suspension 17 enters the lithium ion battery pack 9 under the driving of the water pump 1 after being cooled by the refrigerator 6, flows through the liquid inlet pipe 11, the microchannel metal plate 10 and the liquid outlet pipe 12, cools the lithium ion battery pack 9 in a convection heat exchange mode, reduces the temperature difference between the lithium ion battery monomer 8 and the lithium ion battery pack 9 at the same time, and maintains the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack within the optimal range of 25-40 ℃.
While the system and method for thermal management of a lithium ion battery based on a phase change microcapsule suspension according to the present invention have been described in detail, the above description is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the technical solution of the present invention and the core idea thereof, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the present invention may be modified and modified without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the modified and modified embodiments also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A system for heat management of a lithium ion battery pack based on phase-change microcapsule suspension is characterized by comprising a box body and the lithium ion battery pack, wherein the lithium ion battery pack is composed of a plurality of square lithium ion battery monomers which are vertically placed side by side and arranged in the box body, one side of the lithium ion battery pack is provided with a liquid inlet pipe, the other side of the lithium ion battery pack is provided with a liquid outlet pipe, a microchannel metal plate is also arranged in the box body, the microchannel metal plate and the lithium ion battery monomers are vertically arranged at intervals, the phase-change microcapsule suspension enters the microchannel metal plate through the liquid inlet pipe to cool or heat the lithium ion battery monomers and then flows out through the liquid outlet pipe, a temperature sensor is arranged in the lithium ion battery pack, a controller, a water pump, a heater, a radiator and a refrigerator are arranged outside the box body, the, the controller, the cooler, the water pump and the box body form a closed battery normal-temperature cooling loop, the controller, the cooler, the water pump and the box body form a closed battery high-temperature cooling loop, and the controller is also connected with a temperature sensor and receives signals transmitted by the temperature sensor;
the micro-channel metal plate is provided with a micro-channel for flowing phase change microcapsule suspension, the micro-channel comprises a plurality of vertical channels, an upper horizontal channel and a lower horizontal channel which are uniformly distributed, wherein the inlet of the micro-channel is positioned at one end of the upper horizontal channel and above the left of the micro-channel metal plate, and the outlet of the micro-channel is positioned at one end of the lower horizontal channel and below the right of the micro-channel metal plate; the phase-change microcapsule suspension consists of 80% of water and 20% of phase-change microcapsules by mass, and the average particle size of the phase-change microcapsules is 0.1-1000 mu m.
2. The system for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on a phase change microcapsule suspension according to claim 1, wherein the total microchannel area of the microchannel metal plate is 70% of the microchannel metal plate area; the wall thickness of the microchannel metal plate is 0.5mm, the section of the microchannel is rectangular, and the thickness is 3.5 mm.
3. The system for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on a phase change microcapsule suspension of claim 1, wherein the microchannel metal plate, the liquid inlet tube and the liquid outlet tube are all made of aluminum.
4. The system for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on a phase change microcapsule suspension of claim 1, wherein the liquid inlet tube has a flat tube cross-section and the liquid outlet tube has a flat tube cross-section.
5. The system for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on a phase-change microcapsule suspension according to claim 1, wherein the wall material of the phase-change microcapsule is melamine resin or urea resin, and the phase-change material in the phase-change microcapsule is paraffin or paraffin hydrocarbon.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the lithium ion battery pack comprises a positive electrode tab and a negative electrode tab, the liquid inlet pipe is disposed outside the positive electrode tab, the liquid outlet pipe is disposed below the outside of the negative electrode tab, and the temperature sensor is disposed near the positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab.
7. A method for lithium ion battery thermal management based on a phase change microcapsule suspension, characterized in that, the system for lithium ion battery thermal management based on a phase change microcapsule suspension as claimed in any of claims 1-6 is used, comprising the following steps:
(1) under a cold condition, a temperature sensor monitors that the temperature in the lithium ion battery pack is lower than 10 ℃, a controller starts a water pump and a heater, a battery low-temperature heating loop is started, phase-change microcapsule suspension enters a box body under the driving of the water pump after being heated by the heater, flows through a liquid inlet pipe, a microchannel metal plate and a liquid outlet pipe, heats the lithium ion battery pack in a convection heat exchange mode, and controls the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack to be higher than 25 ℃;
(2) under the condition of normal temperature, when the lithium ion battery pack is charged and discharged with small multiplying power, all parts of the lithium ion battery monomer have uniform heat productivity and small heat production quantity, the phase change microcapsule suspension is in a static state, in a microchannel metal plate among the lithium ion battery monomers in the lithium ion battery pack, the phase change microcapsule suspension absorbs the heat produced by the battery through heat conduction, and the phase change microcapsule in the phase change microcapsule suspension reduces the highest temperature of the lithium ion battery pack and reduces the temperature difference of all parts of the lithium ion battery pack by virtue of the phase change latent heat of the phase;
(3) under the condition of normal temperature, when the lithium ion battery pack is charged and discharged in a high-rate mode, the calorific value difference of each part of the lithium ion battery is large, the calorific value of the part close to the positive electrode lug or the negative electrode lug of the lithium ion battery is high, the temperature is the highest, when the temperature sensor near the positive electrode lug or the negative electrode lug monitors that the temperature is higher than 40 ℃, the controller starts the water pump and the radiator, a battery normal-temperature cooling loop is opened, the phase-change microcapsule suspension enters the lithium ion battery pack under the driving of the water pump, flows through the liquid inlet pipe, the microchannel metal plate and the liquid outlet pipe, the lithium ion battery pack is cooled in a convection heat exchange mode, and the temperature;
(4) under the high temperature condition, when a temperature sensor in the lithium ion battery pack monitors that the temperature of the lithium ion battery pack is higher than 40 ℃, a controller starts a water pump and a refrigerator, a battery high-temperature cooling loop is opened, phase change microcapsule suspension enters the lithium ion battery pack under the driving of the water pump after being cooled by the refrigerator, flows through a liquid inlet pipe, a microchannel metal plate and a liquid outlet pipe, is cooled by a convection heat exchange mode, and simultaneously reduces the temperature difference between a lithium ion battery monomer and the lithium ion battery pack.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810482706.4A CN108682919B (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2018-05-18 | System and method for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on phase change microcapsule suspension |
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| CN201810482706.4A CN108682919B (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2018-05-18 | System and method for lithium ion battery pack thermal management based on phase change microcapsule suspension |
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| CN108682919A CN108682919A (en) | 2018-10-19 |
| CN108682919B true CN108682919B (en) | 2020-06-12 |
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| CN109935942A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-25 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of temperature management system and method for Li-ion batteries piles |
| DE102019216050A1 (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-04-22 | Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Housing device for traction battery with fluid-based cooling with evaporation device with micro-channels |
| CN112803086A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 福建爱迪生科技有限公司 | Starting method of electric automobile suitable for cold seasons |
| CN113036262A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-25 | 宁波大学 | Balanced heat abstractor of battery module |
| CN113067053B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-30 | 浙江大学 | Phase change submicron capsule emulsion-based battery thermal management system and method thereof |
| CN113471576A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-01 | 合肥工业大学 | Oil-cooled battery thermal management system and control method |
| CN115361837A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-18 | 西北工业大学 | Organic Rankine cycle cooling system based on phase change microcapsule suspension |
| CN218414811U (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2023-01-31 | 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 | Battery package and vehicle including same |
| CN115621622A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-01-17 | 楚能新能源股份有限公司 | Battery module heat management device, battery module and battery core temperature control method |
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| GB2502977B (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2015-07-15 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | A vehicle battery pack, a system for cooling a battery pack and a cooling plate for use in the system |
| CN103265933A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-08-28 | 三门峡速达交通节能科技股份有限公司 | Phase-change paraffin microcapsules for battery heat management and preparation method thereof |
| CN106450572B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-10-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of system and method based on lithium ion battery component zone heat management |
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