CN108680109A - A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing - Google Patents

A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108680109A
CN108680109A CN201810501763.2A CN201810501763A CN108680109A CN 108680109 A CN108680109 A CN 108680109A CN 201810501763 A CN201810501763 A CN 201810501763A CN 108680109 A CN108680109 A CN 108680109A
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China
Prior art keywords
image
root
root system
length
wheat
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CN201810501763.2A
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牟少敏
曹旨昊
苏婷婷
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Shandong Agricultural University
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Priority to CN201810501763.2A priority Critical patent/CN108680109A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/022—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by means of tv-camera scanning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The wheat root measurement method based on image procossing that the invention discloses a kind of, it is characterized in that, in testing stand wheat root image is shot using camera, after being pre-processed, length, surface area, average diameter, the volume real data of wheat root are calculated by formula, greatly reduces the difficulty actually measured.The advantageous effect that the present invention is reached：Wheat root image is shot by fixed camera, and using the relevant technologies of image procossing, it completes to measure the quick nondestructive of wheat root length, surface area, average diameter, volume data, the shortcomings of manual measurement is time-consuming and laborious, efficiency is low and error is big is overcome, the efficiency for the growth conditions information for obtaining wheat root is substantially increased.

Description

A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing
Technical field
The wheat root measurement method based on image procossing that the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to image technique field.
Technical background
Root system is the main absorption organ of plant, and wheat absorbs moisture and inorganic salts by root system in soil, root system State has important influence to the growth of plant.The growth conditions for grasping root system in time obtain extent of the root system, surface area, put down The data such as equal diameter, volume have important meaning to making the fertilizing management scheme for more meeting wheat growth present situation.Traditional Manual skill measure wheat root data it is time-consuming, efficiency is very low, with information agriculture require on-line checking, real-time control not Symbol.With the rapid development of digital image processing techniques, there is a kind of new detection technique --- it is regarded based on computer The image detecting technique of feel.Compared with traditional detection technique, have many advantages, such as that non-contact, on-line checking and precision are suitable. Wheat root image is shot using digital camera, using computer visual image treatment technology, measures the various information of wheat root. The shortcomings of hand dipping is time-consuming and laborious, efficiency is low and error is big is not only overcome, and realizes the lossless of wheat root analysis It measures.
Invention content
In order to solve the disadvantage that hand dipping wheat root is time-consuming and laborious at this stage, the present invention proposes a kind of appliance computer The method of vision measurement wheat root can effectively measure wheat root length, surface area, average diameter, volume data, side Just related personnel grasps root growth information in time.
In order to realize that above-mentioned target, the present invention adopt the following technical scheme that：
System general length refers to all in root system length summations, and it includes following step that the present invention, which measures wheat root length, Suddenly：
Step 1, keep camera horizontal with testing stand holding in testing stand fixed camera position using camera fixing support, make It uses the annular shadow-free light sources led as secondary light source, wheat root image is shot under black background；
Step 2, a known full-length l is placed in root system side2Scale, shooting measurement standard length in photograph Length l1, calculate image length and the conversion coefficient of physical length
Step 3, image gray processing is carried out, threshold value appropriate is selected to carry out binaryzation, morphology opening operation is then carried out, disappears Except tiny isolated region in image, the interference of noise is reduced, obtains the wheat root image after binaryzation；
Step 4, the root image after binaryzation is refined, extracts root system skeleton, making that treated, root system width is protected It holds in a pixel size；
Step 5, the image after refinement is scanned, statistics target image pixel number num, num are that root system is total Length L1；
Step 6, according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by L1Be converted to root system physical length L2, i.e.,
Root system surface area S refers to all outer surfaces product of root system, and the present invention measures wheat root surface area preceding State on the basis of step includes following newly-increased step：
Step 7, root system surface area S, formula are calculated：SRoot system surface area=π × SRoot vertical section accumulates.Derivation is as follows：
It is modeled root system as standard round platform, as shown in Figure 1, r1It is round platform upper table radius surface, r2It is round platform lower surface half Diameter, L are frustum cone heights, i.e. system general length.Due to root system apex angles very little, when calculating can using frustum cone height L values as Round platform busbar value.
Step 8, statistics by binary conversion treatment, without micronization processes root system image slices vegetarian refreshments quantity num2, Num2 is root system vertical section area, and the surface area S of root system in the picture is acquired using aforementioned formula1。
Step 9, according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by S1Be converted to root system actual surface area S2, i.e.,
Regard root system as a circular cylinder model, then average diameter is exactly the average value of the sum of everywhere diameter of root, this hair Bright measurement wheat root average diameter includes following newly-increased step on the basis of preceding method：
Step 10, root system volume average diameter D, formula are calculated：Derivation is as follows：
It is modeled root system as standard round platform, as shown in Fig. 2, r1It is round platform upper table radius surface, r2It is round platform lower surface half Diameter, D are root average diameters, and L is round platform busbar, i.e. system general length.
Step 11, image vertical section product and root length are obtained according to abovementioned steps, acquires root system using aforementioned formula and exists Average diameter D in image1。
Step 12, according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by D1Be converted to root system actual average diameter D2, i.e.,
The volume summation of root system volume, that is, all, the present invention measure wheat root volume and are wrapped on the basis of preceding method Include following newly-increased step：
Step 13, root system volume V, formula are calculated：Derivation is as follows：
Due to aforementioned circular cylinder model rUpper table radius surface≈rFollowing table radius surface, it is modeled as shown in figure 3, root system can be regarded as cylinder, this When root average diameter D it is equal with bottom radius r, L is cone height, i.e. system general length.
Step 14, image averaging diameter D is obtained according to abovementioned steps1And root length, it can be obtained using aforementioned formula The volume V of root system in the picture1。
Step 15, according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by V1Be converted to root system actual volume V2, i.e.,
A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing above-mentioned, characterized in that the step 6,9,12,15, After calculating the data of root system in the picture, needs to use conversion coefficient N, be then converted to root system real data using formula.
A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing above-mentioned, characterized in that in the step 1, phase seat in the plane It sets after fixing, does not allow to be adjusted.
A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing above-mentioned, characterized in that in the step 1, shooting figure Use led annular shadow-free lights source as secondary light source when shooting image when picture.
A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing above-mentioned, characterized in that in the step 3, need pair The image of shooting carries out the processing of gray processing and binaryzation.
A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing above-mentioned, characterized in that in the step 5, will refine The pixel quantity of image is considered the length of root system in the picture afterwards.
A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing above-mentioned, characterized in that in the step 8, by two-value Change that treated that root system image vertical section pixel quantity is considered the vertical section area of root system in the picture.
The advantageous effect that the present invention is reached：Wheat root image is shot by fixed camera, and uses image The relevant technologies of processing are completed to measure the quick nondestructive of wheat root length, surface area, average diameter, volume data, be overcome The shortcomings of manual measurement is time-consuming and laborious, efficiency is low and error is big substantially increases the growth conditions information for obtaining wheat root Efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the illustraton of model for calculating root system surface area S.
Fig. 2 is the illustraton of model for calculating root system volume average diameter D.
Fig. 3 is the illustraton of model for calculating root system volume V.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described further below.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the technology of the present invention Scheme, and cannot limit the scope of the invention.
The wheat root measurement method based on image procossing that the present invention relates to a kind of, includes the following steps：
Step 1, keep camera horizontal with testing stand holding in testing stand fixed camera position using camera fixing support, make It uses the annular shadow-free light sources led as secondary light source, wheat root image is shot under black background；
Step 2, a known full-length l is placed in root system side2Scale, shooting measurement standard length in photograph Length l1, calculate the conversion coefficient of image length and physical length
Step 3, image gray processing is carried out, threshold value appropriate is selected to carry out binaryzation, morphology opening operation is then carried out, disappears Except tiny isolated region in image, the interference of noise is reduced, obtains the wheat root image after binaryzation；
Step 4, the root image after binaryzation is refined, extracts root system skeleton, making that treated, root system width is protected It holds in a pixel size；
Step 5, the image after refinement is scanned, statistics target image pixel number num, num are that root system is total Length L1；
Step 6, according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by L1Be converted to root system physical length L2, i.e.,
Step 7, root system surface area S, formula are calculated：SRoot system surface area=π × SRoot vertical section accumulates；
Step 8, statistics by binary conversion treatment, without micronization processes root system image slices vegetarian refreshments quantity num2, Num2 is root system vertical section area, and the surface area S of root system in the picture is acquired using aforementioned formula1。
Step 9, according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by S1Be converted to root system actual surface area S2, i.e.,
Step 10, root system volume average diameter D, formula are calculated：
Step 12, according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by D1Be converted to root system actual average diameter D2, i.e.,
The volume summation of root system volume, that is, all, the present invention measure wheat root volume and are wrapped on the basis of preceding method Include following newly-increased step：
Step 13, root system volume V, formula are calculated：
Step 14, image averaging diameter D is obtained according to abovementioned steps1And root length, it can be obtained using aforementioned formula The volume V of root system in the picture1。
Step 15, according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by V1Be converted to root system actual volume V2, i.e.,
The above is only the preferred Measurement Algorithm of the present invention, it is noted that the ordinary person of this counted fields is come It says, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations also regard For protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing, characterized in that include the following steps：
1) it uses camera fixing support in testing stand fixed camera position, keeps camera horizontal with testing stand holding, use led annulars Shadow-free light source shoots wheat root image as secondary light source under black background；
2) a known length l is placed in root system side2Scale, length l of the shooting measurement standard length in photograph1, calculate Go out image length and the conversion coefficient of physical length
3) image gray processing is carried out, threshold value appropriate is selected to carry out binaryzation, then carries out morphology opening operation, is eliminated in image Tiny isolated region, reduces the interference of noise, obtains the wheat root image after binaryzation；
4) the root image after binaryzation is refined, extracts root system skeleton, making that treated, root system width is maintained at one Pixel size；
5) image after refinement is scanned, statistics target image pixel number num, num are system general length L1；
6) according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by L1Be converted to root system physical length L2, i.e.,
7) root system surface area S, formula are calculated：SRoot system surface area=π × SRoot vertical section accumulates；
8) statistics is root by binary conversion treatment, without the quantity num2, num2 of the root system image slices vegetarian refreshments of micronization processes It is vertical section area, the surface area S of root system in the picture is acquired using aforementioned formula1。
9) according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by S1Be converted to root system actual surface area S2, i.e.,
10) root system volume average diameter D, formula are calculated：
11) image vertical section product and root length are obtained according to abovementioned steps, root system is acquired in the picture using aforementioned formula Average diameter D1。
12) according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by D1Be converted to root system actual average diameter D2, i.e.,
13) root system volume V, formula are calculated：
14) image averaging diameter D is obtained according to abovementioned steps1And root length, root system is can be obtained in image using aforementioned formula In volume V1。
15) according to aforementioned conversion coefficient N by V1Be converted to root system actual volume V2, i.e.,
2. a kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing according to claim 1, characterized in that the step 6,9,12,15, after calculating the data of root system in the picture, needs to use conversion coefficient N, be then converted to root system using formula Real data.
3. a kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing according to claim 1, characterized in that the step In 1, use led annular shadow-free lights source as secondary light source when shooting image.
4. a kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing according to claim 1, characterized in that the step In 3, the processing that gray processing and binaryzation are carried out to the image of shooting is needed.
5. a kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing according to claim 1, characterized in that the step In 5, the pixel quantity of image after refinement is considered the length of root system in the picture.
6. a kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing according to claim 1, characterized in that the step In 8, the root system image vertical section pixel quantity after binary conversion treatment is considered the vertical section area of root system in the picture.
CN201810501763.2A 2018-05-23 2018-05-23 A kind of wheat root measurement method based on image procossing Pending CN108680109A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113894055A (en) * 2021-09-06 2022-01-07 电子科技大学 Hardware surface defect detection and classification system and method based on machine vision

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CN101658107A (en) * 2009-09-18 2010-03-03 华南农业大学 Method for in-situ dynamic observation and measurement of root system of plant
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Application publication date: 20181019