CN108680095B - Flexible strain transducer and preparation method thereof based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric - Google Patents
Flexible strain transducer and preparation method thereof based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN108680095B CN108680095B CN201810144355.6A CN201810144355A CN108680095B CN 108680095 B CN108680095 B CN 108680095B CN 201810144355 A CN201810144355 A CN 201810144355A CN 108680095 B CN108680095 B CN 108680095B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
- D06C7/04—Carbonising or oxidising
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of flexible strain transducer and preparation method thereof based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, preparation method: is dried to obtain base film after first uniformly sprawling polymer solution or liquid polymer；Carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is connect with extraction electrode again, after polymer solution or liquid polymer infiltration, is placed on base film and is dried；A polymer solution or liquid polymer are smeared on the surface of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, dry the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric.Final products include: carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, two extraction electrodes being connected to carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric and the thin polymer film for covering carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces；Its elongation from 0 to 5~12% between carry out cyclic tension when sensitivity coefficient be 30~200；Its its linearly dependent coefficient >=0.995 when 9% or less elongation is stretched.Preparation method simple process and low cost of the invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to strain transducer preparation fields, are related to a kind of flexible strain sensing based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric
Device and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Strain transducer is based on a kind of sensor strained caused by measurement object receiving force deformation.Resistance strain gage is then
It is its commonly used sensing element, is the sensing element that a kind of variation that can will be strained on mechanical component is converted to resistance variations
Part, traditional strain transducer mostly use metal and semiconductor to be made as raw material, only make under conditions of small strain
With, and rigidity is big, not flexible, sensitivity is low.With the development of society, wearable electronic product field, such as: human motion inspection
Survey and medical instrument pair of strain sensors have higher requirement --- high-flexibility, Large strain, high sensitivity and height are steady
It is qualitative, therefore develop flexible high performance strained sensor and be of great significance.
Current flexible strain transducer mainly using conductive nano material as conducting medium, such as: nano carbon black, stone
Black alkene, carbon nanotube and inorganic metal nano particle or fiber also have with common carbon fibers Fabric Design strain transducer
Relevant report."Flexible and wearable strain sensing fabrics"(Cai G.M.；Yang M.Y.；Xu
Z.L.；Liu J.G.；Tang B.；Wang X.G.Flexible and wearable strain sensing fabrics
[J] .Chem.Eng.J., 2017,325:396-403.) disclose it is a kind of graphene be wrapped in common fabric surface preparation pass
The method of sensor, the sensor maximum sensitivity coefficient obtained are 18.5."Carbonized silk georgette as an
ultrasensitive wearable strain sensor for full-range human activity
monitoring"(Wang C.Y.；Xia K.L.；Jian M.Q.；Wang H.M.；Zhang M.C.；Zhang
Y.Y.Carbonized silk georgette as an ultrasensitive wearable strain sensor for
full-range human activity monitoring[J].J.Mater.Chem.C,2017,5(30):7604-7611.)
Disclose a kind of method for preparing sensor using silk georgette carbonization, strain model of the sensor made from this method 40%
Sensitivity coefficient in enclosing is 29.7."Wearable strain sensor made of carbonized cotton cloth"
(Deng C.H.；Pan L.J.；Cui R.X.；Li C.W.；Qin J.Wearable strain sensor made of
Carbonized cotton cloth [J] .J.Mater.Sci-Mater.El., 2017,28 (4): 3535-3541.) it discloses
The sensitivity coefficient of a kind of method that sensor is prepared after carbonization cotton fabric, sensor made from this method is up to 15, and strains
Less than 3%."Carbonized Silk Fabric for Ultrastretchable,Highly Sensitive,and
Wearable Strain Sensors."(Wang,C.Y.；Li,X.；Gao,E.L.；Jian,M.Q.；Xia,K.L.；Wang,
Q.；Xu,Z.P.；Ren,T.L.；Zhang,Y.Y.Carbonized Silk Fabric for Ultrastretchable,
Highly Sensitive, and Wearable Strain Sensors.Adv.Mater., 2016,28,6640-6648.) it is public
The method of sensor, range of strain of the sensor 0 to 200% made from this method are prepared after having opened a kind of carbonization silk fabric
Interior sensitivity coefficient is 9.6.Although the above method improves the sensitivity coefficient of strain transducer to a certain extent, can send out
Existing, the sensitivity coefficient of strain transducer obtained still has greater room for improvement, and the sensor thickness prepared in aforementioned manners
Mostly at 500 μm or more, this is unfavorable for sensor and is integrated on intelligence wearing product.
Therefore, the great realistic meaning of flexible strain transducer that a kind of thickness is thin and sensitivity coefficient is high is developed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the problems, such as that prior art sensor is thicker and sensitivity coefficient is lower, one is provided
The kind flexible strain transducer that thickness is thin and sensitivity coefficient is high.The present invention prepares flexible strain using carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric and passes
Sensor, specifically: polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn is made by the method for electrostatic spinning first, is received using woven processing
Simultaneously carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is made by pre-oxidation and carbonization treatment in rice fiber yarn woven fabric, finally two-sided multiple with elastomeric polymer
Good a kind of Large strain, stability and hypersensitivity has been made in conjunction and thickness is answered down to 350 μm of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric flexibility
Become sensor, preparation method of the invention is at low cost, consume energy low, great market prospects.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
Flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, the flexibility strain transducer includes carbon nano-fiber
The thin polymer film of yarn woven fabric, two extraction electrodes and the covering carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces, the extraction electricity
Pole is connected to the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric；
It is described flexibility strain transducer elongation from 0 to 5~12% between carry out cyclic tension when, sensitivity coefficient 30
~200；The flexibility strain transducer is when 9% or less elongation is stretched, resistance change rate and elongation relationship
Linearly dependent coefficient >=0.995.The sensitivity coefficient of the strain transducer prepared currently with fabric is less than 30, and linearly related system
Number is less than 0.95.
As a preferred technical scheme:
As described above based on the flexible strain transducer of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, the flexibility strain transducer can
It is bent in 0~180 ° of range.Flexible sensor of the invention may be implemented to be bent at any angle.
As described above based on the flexible strain transducer of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, the thin polymer film is with bullet
Property thermoplastic material film, the thermoplastic material with certain elasticity is polyurethane, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, poly- two
Methylsiloxane or rubber.It is stability in order to guarantee sensor performance that material, which has elasticity, the thermoplasticity of material be in order to
Guarantee that sensor has good flexibility.
As described above based on the flexible strain transducer of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, the extraction electrode is copper wire or silver
Line；The connection refers to the extraction electrode is be bonded with the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric conductive silver glue.
As described above based on the flexible strain transducer of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, the flexibility strain transducer is wide
0.6cm~1.5cm, long 7cm, with a thickness of 350 μm~750 μm, wherein the distance between two electrodes are 1cm~5cm.Flexibility strain
The excessive sensitivity coefficient that will lead to of sensor width is lower, and the too small adaptability to changes that will lead to of width is poor, and thickness is too small to will affect biography
The stability of sensor, thickness is excessive, and it will cause adaptability to changes deteriorations, and the too long sensor that will cause of electrode distance is to miniature deformation
Insensitive, to will lead to the deformation that sensor can be born smaller apart from too short.
As described above based on the flexible strain transducer of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is
Refer to that using plain polypropylene nitrile spun yarn as warp thread, Static Spinning polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn is weft weaving, then carries out pre- oxygen
The fabric of change and carbonization and acquisition.
The present invention also provides a kind of flexible strain transducers prepared as described above based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric
Method, comprising the following steps:
(a) dry after uniformly sprawling polymer solution or liquid polymer, obtain base film；
(b) carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is connect with extraction electrode, and is infiltrated with polymer solution or liquid polymer；So
It is placed on described matrix film, and is dried, the polymer solution of infiltration or the type of liquid polymer and step
Suddenly the polymer solution or liquid polymer uniformly sprawled in (a) are identical；
(c) a polymer solution or liquid polymerization are smeared on the surface of the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric of upper step products obtained therefrom
The polymer uniformly sprawled in object, the polymer solution of the step or type, quality and the concentration of liquid polymer and step (a) is molten
Liquid or liquid polymer are identical, and sprawl it uniformly, and dry again；
Up to the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric.
As a preferred technical scheme:
Method as described above, the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofiber beam using more spray head wet process-electrostatic spinning apparatus, by and close the side of twisting
Legal system is to polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn；
(2) to polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn starching, using the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn after starching as weft yarn, polypropylene
Nitrile spun yarn is that warp thread carries out woven processing acquisition fabric, then fabric progress desizing, ironing processing are made nano fibre yarn and are knitted
Object, wherein fabric through it is close be 200~400/10cm, 50~200/10cm of filling density, fabric tissue is plain weave；
(3) pre-oxidation is carried out to nanofiber yarn woven fabric and carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is made in carbonization treatment；The pre- oxygen
Change carries out under air atmosphere, and pre-oxidation heating rate is 1~2 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 260~280 DEG C, preoxidation time
For 1~2h；The carbonization treatment carries out in inert gas environment, and carbonization heating rate is 2~10 DEG C/min, and final temperature is
800 DEG C or more, the time is 1~3h.
Preoxidation process be in order to make polyacrylonitrile strand occur cyclization, with guarantee carbonisation it is smooth into
Row.Pre-oxidation heating is unsuitable too fast, and it is different with the preoxidation degree on surface layer to will lead to fiber internal layer when too fast, and can extend slowly excessively
Preoxidation time influences economic benefit.Pre oxidation is too low, pre-oxidize it is insufficient, it is excessively high cause pre-oxidation excessively, all can
The defect of carbon fiber is caused to increase.Preoxidation time is set according to Pre oxidation, when Pre oxidation height then pre-oxidizes
Between just it is shorter, the low then preoxidation time of Pre oxidation is with regard to longer.Carburizing temperature and carbonization time can be to carbon fibers
Electric conductivity and the sensibility of sensor impact, temperature is too low or carbonization time is too short, and the carbon content of carbon fiber is lower, leads
Electrically bad, the sensibility of sensor is bad；Carburizing temperature is excessively high or carbonization time is too long, influences not on the carbon content of carbon fiber
Greatly, increase energy consumption instead.
Method as described above, the polymer in the polymer solution are polyurethane, polyamide or polyvinyl chloride；Poly- ammonia
The solvent of ester solution is N ' dinethylformamide, and the solvent of polyamide solution is formic acid, and the solvent of polyvinyl chloride solution is ring
Hexanone；The mass concentration of polymer solution in step (a) is 15%~25%, the quality of the polymer solution in step (b)
Concentration is 4%~5%；The liquid polymer is dimethyl silicone polymer or rubber.Polymerization in step (a) and step (c)
Object solution concentration is too low to be will lead to it and is not easy to accumulate on glass matrix, and the film thickness of formation is lower, excessively high to will cause solution
In bubble be not easy away, the polymer solution concentration in step (b) 5% hereinafter, primarily to guarantee solution can be suitable
Benefit enters fabric, and after guarantee is placed in base film, the bubble under fabric is easy to emerge.
Method as described above, the drying are vacuum drying, and dry purpose is bubble removing.
Invention mechanism:
The present invention prepares polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn by the method for electrostatic spinning, obtains Nanowire by woven processing
Yarn woven fabric is tieed up, and the carbon Nanowire that large specific surface area, thickness are small and electric conductivity is high is prepared by pre-oxidation and carbonization treatment
Yarn woven fabric is tieed up, it is compound with favorable elasticity and flexible thin polymer film on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric two sides, it is final to be made
Flexible strain transducer.Flexible strain transducer of the invention is connected to two using carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric as matrix on it
A extraction electrode, and thin polymer film is covered in carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces.Final flexible strain obtained passes
Sensor has the characteristics that sensitivity coefficient is high, thickness is small and good bandability, elongation from 0 to 5~12% between carry out circulation drawing
When stretching, sensitivity coefficient is 30~200, when 9% or less elongation is stretched, the line of resistance change rate and elongation relationship
Property related coefficient >=0.995, can be bent in 0~180 ° of range, thickness can be much smaller than 500 μm of the prior art for 350 μm.
Beneficial effect
(1) the flexible strain transducer of the invention based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, high, stretchable with flexibility,
The characteristics of flexible, thickness is small and high sensitivity, great application prospect；
(2) preparation method of the flexible strain transducer of the invention based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, simple process, at
This is cheap, and low energy consumption, and application prospect is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the preparation process schematic diagram of the flexible strain transducer of the invention based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric；
Fig. 2 is the resistance change rate of different stretch deformation lower sensor and the schematic diagram of the relationship of time；
Fig. 3 is the resistance change rate of different stretch rate lower sensor and the schematic diagram of the relationship of time；
Fig. 4 is the stability schematic diagram of flexible strain transducer of the invention under 5% elongation；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of resistance change rate and the relationship of time when stretching of flexible strain transducer of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the resistance change rate of sensor and time when carrying out twisting action to flexible strain transducer of the invention
The schematic diagram of relationship；
Fig. 7 is the resistance change rate of sensor and time when being fixed on plastic ruler to flexible strain transducer of the invention
Relationship schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the resistance change rate of sensor and time when carrying out flecition to flexible strain transducer of the invention
The schematic diagram of relationship；
Fig. 9 be when carrying out knee joint bending effect to flexible strain transducer of the invention the resistance change rate of sensor with
The schematic diagram of the relationship of time；
Figure 10~12 are the schematic diagram of the resistance change rate of sensor and the relationship of time in throat sounding；
Figure 13 is resistance change rate and the pass of time of flexible strain transducer of the invention when digital flexion is different degrees of
The schematic diagram of system；
Figure 14 is the sensor made from conventional polypropylene nitrile spun yarn carbon fabric and flexible strain transducer of the invention
The schematic diagram of resistance change rate and the comparison of the relationship of elongation when stretching；
Figure 15 is the sensor made from conventional polypropylene nitrile spun yarn carbon fabric and flexible strain transducer of the invention
The schematic diagram of resistance change rate and the comparison of the relationship of elongation when range of stretch is 0~6%.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to specific embodiments.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright rather than limit the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Fixed range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, its step are as follows:
(1) preparation of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric:
(1.1) prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofiber beam using more spray head wet process-electrostatic spinning apparatus, by and close twisting
Method system arrives polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn；
(1.2) to polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn starching, using the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn after starching as weft yarn, poly- third
Alkene nitrile spun yarn is that warp thread carries out woven processing acquisition fabric, then handles and nano fibre yarn is made to fabric progress desizing, ironing
Woven fabric, wherein fabric through it is close be 380/10cm, 100/10cm of filling density, fabric tissue is plain weave；
(1.3) pre-oxidation is carried out to nanofiber yarn woven fabric and carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is made in carbonization treatment；Pre-oxidation
It is carried out under air atmosphere, pre-oxidation heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 270 DEG C, preoxidation time 1.5h；Carbon
Change processing to carry out in inert gas environment, carbonization heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 1100 DEG C, time 3h；
(2) preparation of flexible strain transducer, preparation process is as shown in Figure 1:
(2.1) it is dried in vacuo after uniformly sprawling the polyurethane solutions that 2g mass concentration is 15%, obtains base film；
(2.2) carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is connect to form electrode with copper wire with conductive silver glue, and is 5% with mass concentration
Polyurethane solutions infiltration；It is subsequently placed on base film, and carries out vacuum drying treatment；
(2.3) smearing a 2g mass concentration on the surface of the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric of upper step products obtained therefrom is 15%
Polyurethane solutions, and sprawl it uniformly, and be dried in vacuo again, the solvent of polyurethane solutions is N ' dinethylformamide；
By cutting to obtain the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric.
Final obtained flexible strain transducer wide 1.0cm, long 7cm, with a thickness of 350 μm, wherein between two electrodes away from
From for 3cm, including carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, two copper wires being connected to carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric and covering carbon nano-fiber
The polyurethane film of yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces；When flexible strain transducer carries out cyclic tension between elongation is from 0 to 5%,
Sensitivity coefficient is 30；In elongation when 0~9% is stretched, resistance change rate and elongation close flexible strain transducer
The linearly dependent coefficient of system is 0.995, and flexible strain transducer can be bent in 0~180 ° of range.
Final obtained flexible strain transducer carries out 2% respectively under the rate of extension of 2mm/min, 3%, 4%, 6%,
10% and 12% strain testing, test results are shown in figure 2, as shown in Figure 2 with the increase of strain, the sensibility of sensor by
It is cumulative to add.Flexible strain transducer carries out different stretch rate (2mm/min, 4mm/min, 8mm/ under 5% strained condition
Min, 12mm/min and 16mm/min) test, test results are shown in figure 3, by Fig. 3 it can be found that rate of extension is to sensor
Sensitivity effects are little.Flexible strain transducer is in stability under conditions of 5% strain and rate of extension are 12mm/min
(1000 cyclic tensions) is tested, test result is as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, by Fig. 5 it can be found that sensor is with excellent
Sensitivity coefficient and stability, sensitivity coefficient 30.
By flexible strain transducer progress 90 degree reverse, be fixed on plastic ruler, be bent and knee joint at, measurement sensor
To torsion and curved sensing capability, reverse, be fixed on plastic ruler at 90 degree of carry out, is bent and knee joint bending effect when
The schematic diagram of the relationship of the resistance change rate and time of sensor is as shown in Fig. 6~9, and flexible strain transducer is not to as seen from the figure
Congener bending has excellent sensibility.
Flexible strain transducer is fixed on to the throat of people, research is in different sounding condition lower sensors to the prison of sound
Recognition capability is surveyed, because throat issues the relationship of resistance change rate and time that alternative sounds cause different vibrations to lead to sensor
Difference, as a result as shown in Figure 10~12, as seen from the figure, the different vibrations of vocal cords when flexible strain transducer can capture sounding
Amplitude.When monitoring sounding hello, hungry and stop, waveform has apparent difference, and can accurately perceive hair
Sound size.
Flexible strain transducer is fixed on to the index finger joint of people, studies index finger in differently curved degree lower sensor pair
The monitoring recognition capability of digital flexion degree, the relationship of the resistance change rate of sensor and time is such as when digital flexion is different degrees of
Shown in Figure 13, flexible strain transducer can monitor the different bending degree of finger as seen from the figure.
Comparative example
A kind of preparation method of flexibility strain transducer, step is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is that it uses biography
The polyacrylonitrile spun yarn of system replaces the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn in embodiment 1.
Final obtained flexible strain transducer wide 1.0cm, long 7cm, with a thickness of 380 μm, wherein between two electrodes away from
From for 3cm.The sensor and the sensing capabilities comparing result that sensor is made in embodiment 1 are as shown in FIG. 14 and 15, You Tuke with
It was found that the sensor of this example can only just have strain sensing performance below 9%, the 12% of sensor is made lower than embodiment 1.?
When 6% or so strain, the sensibility of the two is essentially identical, however, it was found that plain polypropylene nitrile spun yarn carbonized fabric obtained
Sensor strain during stretching it is poor with the flatness of resistance change curves, especially after 6%, curve it is smooth
Degree is substantially reduced, and this phenomena reduces the accuracys of strain measurement when sensor use.To the resistance change rate-of the two
Strain curve carries out linear fit in 0 to 9% range of strain, as a result, it has been found that the sensor prepared by nanofiber yarn woven fabric
The linearly dependent coefficient of the curve of acquisition is 0.995, is obtained greater than sensor prepared by plain polypropylene nitrile short yarn fabric
0.981.(linearly dependent coefficient illustrates that the linearity is better closer to 1.)
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, its step are as follows:
(1) preparation of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric:
(1.1) prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofiber beam using more spray head wet process-electrostatic spinning apparatus, by and close twisting
Method system arrives polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn；
(1.2) to polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn starching, using the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn after starching as weft yarn, poly- third
Alkene nitrile spun yarn is that warp thread carries out woven processing acquisition fabric, then handles and nano fibre yarn is made to fabric progress desizing, ironing
Woven fabric, wherein fabric through it is close be 200/10cm, 50/10cm of filling density, fabric tissue is plain weave；
(1.3) pre-oxidation is carried out to nanofiber yarn woven fabric and carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is made in carbonization treatment；Pre-oxidation
It is carried out under air atmosphere, pre-oxidation heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 280 DEG C, preoxidation time 1h；Carbonization
Processing carries out in inert gas environment, and carbonization heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 1000 DEG C, time 3h；
(2) preparation of flexible strain transducer:
(2.1) it is dried in vacuo after uniformly sprawling the polyamide solution that 2g mass concentration is 18%, obtains base film；
(2.2) carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is connect to form electrode with silver wire with conductive silver glue, and is 4% with mass concentration
Polyamide solution infiltration；It is subsequently placed on base film, and carries out vacuum drying treatment；
(2.3) smearing a 2g mass concentration on the surface of the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric of upper step products obtained therefrom is 18%
Polyamide solution, and sprawl it uniformly, and be dried in vacuo again, the solvent of polyamide solution is formic acid；By cutting to obtain base
In the flexible strain transducer of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric.
Final flexible strain transducer wide 1cm, long 7cm obtained, with a thickness of 520 μm, wherein the distance between two electrodes
For 5cm, including carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, two silver wires being connected to carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric and carbon nano-fiber yarn is covered
The polyamide film of fabric upper and lower surfaces；When flexible strain transducer carries out cyclic tension between elongation is from 0 to 12%,
Sensitivity coefficient is 200；When 9% or less elongation is stretched, resistance change rate and elongation close flexible strain transducer
The linearly dependent coefficient of system is 0.996, and flexible strain transducer can be bent in 0~180 ° of range.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, its step are as follows:
(1) preparation of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric:
(1.1) prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofiber beam using more spray head wet process-electrostatic spinning apparatus, by and close twisting
Method system arrives polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn；
(1.2) to polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn starching, using the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn after starching as weft yarn, poly- third
Alkene nitrile spun yarn is that warp thread carries out woven processing acquisition fabric, then handles and nano fibre yarn is made to fabric progress desizing, ironing
Woven fabric, wherein fabric through it is close be 300/10cm, 200/10cm of filling density, fabric tissue is plain weave；
(1.3) pre-oxidation is carried out to nanofiber yarn woven fabric and carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is made in carbonization treatment；Pre-oxidation
It is carried out under air atmosphere, pre-oxidation heating rate is 1 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 260 DEG C, preoxidation time 2h；Carbonization
Processing carries out in inert gas environment, and carbonization heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 1500 DEG C, time 1h；
(2) preparation of flexible strain transducer:
(2.1) it is dried in vacuo after uniformly sprawling the polyurethane solutions that 2g mass concentration is 20%, obtains base film；
(2.2) carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is connect to form electrode with copper wire with conductive silver glue, and is 5% with mass concentration
Polyurethane solutions infiltration；It is subsequently placed on base film, and carries out vacuum drying treatment；
(2.3) smearing a 2g mass concentration on the surface of the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric of upper step products obtained therefrom is 20%
Polyurethane solutions, and sprawl it uniformly, and be dried in vacuo again；The solvent of polyurethane solutions is N ' dinethylformamide,
By cutting to obtain the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric.
Final obtained flexible strain transducer wide 1.5cm, long 7cm, with a thickness of 630 μm, wherein between two electrodes away from
From for 4cm, including carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, two copper wires being connected to carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric and covering carbon nano-fiber
The polyurethane film of yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces；When flexible strain transducer carries out cyclic tension between elongation is from 0 to 7%,
Sensitivity coefficient is 150；When 9% or less elongation is stretched, resistance change rate and elongation close flexible strain transducer
The linearly dependent coefficient of system is 0.996, and flexible strain transducer can be bent in 0~180 ° of range.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, its step are as follows:
(1) preparation of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric:
(1.1) prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofiber beam using more spray head wet process-electrostatic spinning apparatus, by and close twisting
Method system arrives polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn；
(1.2) to polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn starching, using the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn after starching as weft yarn, poly- third
Alkene nitrile spun yarn is that warp thread carries out woven processing acquisition fabric, then handles and nano fibre yarn is made to fabric progress desizing, ironing
Woven fabric, wherein fabric through it is close be 250/10cm, 150/10cm of filling density, fabric tissue is plain weave；
(1.3) pre-oxidation is carried out to nanofiber yarn woven fabric and carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is made in carbonization treatment；Pre-oxidation
It is carried out under air atmosphere, pre-oxidation heating rate is 1.5 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 265 DEG C, preoxidation time 2h；Carbon
Change processing to carry out in inert gas environment, carbonization heating rate is 8 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 1300 DEG C, time 2h；
(2) preparation of flexible strain transducer:
(2.1) it is dried in vacuo after uniformly sprawling the polyvinyl chloride solution that 2g mass concentration is 25%, obtains base film；
(2.2) carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is connect to form electrode with silver wire with conductive silver glue, and is 5% with mass concentration
Polyvinyl chloride solution infiltration；It is subsequently placed on base film, and carries out vacuum drying treatment；
(2.3) smearing a 2g mass concentration on the surface of the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric of upper step products obtained therefrom is 25%
Polyvinyl chloride solution, and sprawl it uniformly, and be dried in vacuo again, the solvent of polyvinyl chloride solution is cyclohexanone；By sanction
Cut to obtain the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric.
Final obtained flexible strain transducer wide 0.6cm, long 7cm, with a thickness of 720 μm, wherein between two electrodes away from
From for 1cm, including carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, two silver wires being connected to carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric and covering carbon nano-fiber
The polyvinyl chloride film of yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces；Flexible strain transducer carries out cyclic tension between elongation is from 0 to 10%
When, sensitivity coefficient 170；Flexible strain transducer is when 9% or less elongation is stretched, resistance change rate and elongation
The linearly dependent coefficient of relationship is 0.995, and flexible strain transducer can be bent in 0~180 ° of range.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, its step are as follows:
(1) preparation of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric:
(1.1) prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofiber beam using more spray head wet process-electrostatic spinning apparatus, by and close twisting
Method system arrives polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn；
(1.2) to polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn starching, using the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn after starching as weft yarn, poly- third
Alkene nitrile spun yarn is that warp thread carries out woven processing acquisition fabric, then handles and nano fibre yarn is made to fabric progress desizing, ironing
Woven fabric, wherein fabric through it is close be 350/10cm, 75/10cm of filling density, fabric tissue is plain weave；
(1.3) pre-oxidation is carried out to nanofiber yarn woven fabric and carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is made in carbonization treatment；Pre-oxidation
It is carried out under air atmosphere, pre-oxidation heating rate is 2 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 275 DEG C, preoxidation time 1h；Carbonization
Processing carries out in inert gas environment, and carbonization heating rate is 3 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 800 DEG C, time 2h；
(2) preparation of flexible strain transducer:
(2.1) it is dried in vacuo after uniformly sprawling 2g dimethyl silicone polymer, obtains base film；
(2.2) carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is connect to form electrode with copper wire with conductive silver glue, and uses polydimethylsiloxanes
Alkane infiltration；It is subsequently placed on base film, and carries out vacuum drying treatment；
(2.3) a 2g dimethyl silicone polymer is smeared on the surface of the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric of upper step products obtained therefrom,
And sprawl it uniformly, and be dried in vacuo again；By cutting to obtain the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric.
Final obtained flexible strain transducer wide 1.2cm, long 7cm, with a thickness of 750 μm, wherein between two electrodes away from
From for 2cm, including carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, two copper wires being connected to carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric and covering carbon nano-fiber
The polydimethylsiloxanefilm film of yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces；Flexible strain transducer is followed between elongation is from 0 to 6%
When ring stretches, sensitivity coefficient 50；Flexible strain transducer when 9% or less elongation is stretched, resistance change rate with
The linearly dependent coefficient of elongation relationship is 0.995, and flexible strain transducer can be bent in 0~180 ° of range.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, its step are as follows:
(1) preparation of carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric:
(1.1) prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofiber beam using more spray head wet process-electrostatic spinning apparatus, by and close twisting
Method system arrives polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn；
(1.2) to polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn starching, using the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn after starching as weft yarn, poly- third
Alkene nitrile spun yarn is that warp thread carries out woven processing acquisition fabric, then handles and nano fibre yarn is made to fabric progress desizing, ironing
Woven fabric, wherein fabric through it is close be 400/10cm, 100/10cm of filling density, fabric tissue is plain weave；
(1.3) pre-oxidation is carried out to nanofiber yarn woven fabric and carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is made in carbonization treatment；Pre-oxidation
It is carried out under air atmosphere, pre-oxidation heating rate is 1 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 270 DEG C, preoxidation time 2h；Carbonization
Processing carries out in inert gas environment, and carbonization heating rate is 7 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 1200 DEG C, time 2h；
(2) preparation of flexible strain transducer:
(2.1) it is dried in vacuo after uniformly sprawling 2g rubber, obtains base film；
(2.2) carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is connect to form electrode with copper wire with conductive silver glue, blend rubber infiltration；Then
It is placed on base film, and carries out vacuum drying treatment；
(2.3) a 2g rubber is smeared on the surface of the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric of upper step products obtained therefrom, and makes it uniformly
It sprawls, and is dried in vacuo again；By cutting to obtain the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric.
Final obtained flexible strain transducer wide 0.8cm, long 7cm, with a thickness of 750 μm, wherein between two electrodes away from
From for 3cm, including carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, two copper wires being connected to carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric and covering carbon nano-fiber
The rubber film of yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces；It is quick when flexible strain transducer carries out cyclic tension between elongation is from 0 to 8%
Feeling coefficient is 120；Flexible strain transducer is when 9% or less elongation is stretched, resistance change rate and elongation relationship
Linearly dependent coefficient be 0.996, flexible strain transducer can be bent in 0~180 ° of range.
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, step and 1 base of embodiment
This is identical, and difference is that the polyurethane solutions in step (2.1) and (2.3) are 1.5g.
Final obtained flexible strain transducer wide 1.0cm, long 7cm, with a thickness of 330 μm, wherein between two electrodes away from
From for 3cm, including carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, two copper wires being connected to carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric and covering carbon nano-fiber
The polyurethane film of yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces；When flexible strain transducer carries out cyclic tension between elongation is from 0 to 5%,
Sensitivity coefficient is 35；Flexible strain transducer is when 9% or less elongation is stretched, resistance change rate and elongation relationship
Linearly dependent coefficient be 0.996, flexible strain transducer can be bent in 0~180 ° of range.
Claims (9)
1. the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, it is characterized in that: the flexibility strain transducer includes carbon
The thin polymer film of nanofiber yarn woven fabric, two extraction electrodes and the covering carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric upper and lower surfaces, institute
Extraction electrode is stated to be connected to the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric；
The carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare polyacrylonitrile nanofiber beam using more spray head wet process-electrostatic spinning apparatus, by and the method system of closing twisting
To polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn；
(2) to polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn starching, using the polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn after starching as weft yarn, polyacrylonitrile is short
Fine yarn is that warp thread carries out woven processing acquisition fabric, then handles and nanofiber yarn woven fabric is made to fabric progress desizing, ironing,
Middle fabric through it is close be 200~400/10cm, 50~200/10cm of filling density, fabric tissue is plain weave；
(3) pre-oxidation is carried out to nanofiber yarn woven fabric and carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is made in carbonization treatment；The pre-oxidation exists
It is carried out under air atmosphere, pre-oxidation heating rate is 1~2 DEG C/min, and final temperature is 260~280 DEG C, preoxidation time 1
~2h；The carbonization treatment carries out in inert gas environment, and carbonization heating rate is 2~10 DEG C/min, final temperature 800
DEG C or more, the time is 1~3h；
It is described flexibility strain transducer elongation from 0 to 5~12% between carry out cyclic tension when, sensitivity coefficient be 30~
200；The flexibility strain transducer is when 9% or less elongation is stretched, the line of resistance change rate and elongation relationship
Property related coefficient >=0.995.
2. the flexible strain transducer according to claim 1 based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, which is characterized in that described
Flexible strain transducer can be bent in 0~180 ° of range.
3. the flexible strain transducer according to claim 1 based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, which is characterized in that described
Thin polymer film be flexible thermoplastic material film, the flexible thermoplastic material be polyurethane, polyamide,
Polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer or rubber.
4. the flexible strain transducer according to claim 1 based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, which is characterized in that described
Extraction electrode is copper wire or silver wire；The connection refers to the extraction electrode and the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric conductive silver
Glue sticking.
5. the flexible strain transducer according to claim 1 based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, which is characterized in that described
The flexible wide 0.6cm~1.5cm of strain transducer, long 7cm, with a thickness of 350 μm~750 μm, wherein the distance between two electrodes are
1cm~5cm.
6. the flexible strain transducer according to claim 1 based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric, which is characterized in that described
Carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric refers to that using plain polypropylene nitrile spun yarn as warp thread, Static Spinning polyacrylonitrile nanofiber yarn is weft yarn
Weaving, the fabric for then being pre-oxidized and being carbonized and obtained.
7. preparing the side of the flexible strain transducer as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric
Method, it is characterized in that: the following steps are included:
(a) dry after uniformly sprawling polymer solution or liquid polymer, obtain base film；
(b) carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric is connect with extraction electrode, and is infiltrated with polymer solution or liquid polymer；Then it sets
It on described matrix film, and is dried, the polymer solution of infiltration or the type of liquid polymer and step (a)
In the polymer solution uniformly sprawled or liquid polymer it is identical；
(c) a polymer solution or liquid polymer are smeared on the surface of the carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric of upper step products obtained therefrom,
The polymer solution uniformly sprawled in the polymer solution of the step or type, quality and the concentration of liquid polymer and step (a)
Or liquid polymer is identical, and sprawls it uniformly, and dries again；
Up to the flexible strain transducer based on carbon nano-fiber yarn woven fabric.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the polymer in the polymer solution is polyurethane, gathers
Amide or polyvinyl chloride；The solvent of polyurethane solutions is N ' dinethylformamide, and the solvent of polyamide solution is formic acid, polychlorostyrene
The solvent of vinyl solution is cyclohexanone；The mass concentration of polymer solution in step (a) is 15%~25%, in step (b)
Polymer solution mass concentration be 4%~5%；The liquid polymer is dimethyl silicone polymer or rubber.
9. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the drying is vacuum drying.
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| CN109528167B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-07-23 | 青岛大学 | Preparation method of lignin-based flexible piezoresistive sensor |
| CN109576905B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2023-07-07 | 河北工业大学 | MXene-based flexible polyurethane fiber membrane strain sensor |
| CN109730679B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-02-02 | 厦门大学 | Wearable respiration detection device and respiration measurement method |
| CN111895902B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-04-22 | 苏州大学 | Ultrathin transparent carbon nanofiber membrane flexible strain sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN113418645B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2022-12-27 | 重庆邮电大学 | Composite flexible three-dimensional force sensor based on ferromagnetic nanowire/carbon material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113883997B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-10-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Flexible resistance type strain sensor based on carbon fiber film microchip |
| CN114739280B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-09-01 | 苏州大学 | Multi-element nano carbon fiber yarn strain sensor and preparation method thereof |
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