CN108679863A - A kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss - Google Patents

A kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108679863A
CN108679863A CN201810187655.2A CN201810187655A CN108679863A CN 108679863 A CN108679863 A CN 108679863A CN 201810187655 A CN201810187655 A CN 201810187655A CN 108679863 A CN108679863 A CN 108679863A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
water
pin
temperature sensor
pipe
valve
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Pending
Application number
CN201810187655.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗小林
李庆成
张璐
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201810187655.2A priority Critical patent/CN108679863A/en
Publication of CN108679863A publication Critical patent/CN108679863A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/20Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy

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  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of automatic control devices preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss,Including water supply pipe,Ball-cock assembly,Water supply tank,Outlet pipe I,Outlet pipe II,Incubator,Heat collector,Temperature sensor I,Conducting wire,Valve I,Valve II,Valve III,Solenoid valve,Temperature sensor II,Microcontroller,Comparator,Device of solar generating,Water-supply-pipe I,Water-supply-pipe II,The present invention reduces scattering and disappearing for hydro-thermal amount by automation control,Water temperature is maintained at higher temperature,It is flexible to operation,The present invention absorbs the power supply for electrical equipment that heat is then converted to electric energy to the present invention by solar panel,Embody the environmental protection concept of solar water heater,The utilization of solar energy not only brings good social benefit,Environmental benefit,And there is apparent economic value,The present invention can preferably collect heat,Different pipelines can be applicable in,There is wide application prospect in the industry.

Description

A kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic control devices preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, belong to new energy, industry Automatic field.
Background technology
Most of present city dweller is that solar water heater, the heating of solar water heater water supply is used to be one and follow The process of ring, cold water exit into heat collector from the bottom of incubator, and incubator is entered back into after heat collector heating.In heat collector The water of the mistake of middle heating can be flowed into constantly in incubator, and just will appear in incubator when the water temperature in heat collector is too low The heat of hot water can outward radiate along hot water inlet pipe, cause the temperature of water to reduce.Summer temp is generally high, sunlight Intensity is high, the getable sunlight long enough of heat collector institute, and the water in incubator is typically all high temperature;And in winter in spring and autumn When, the morning and evening temperature difference is bigger, sunlight insufficient strength, and irradiation time compares also shorter, the acquisition of hot water for summer Just it is particularly important.Domestic solar water heater generally carries out collection and the guarantor of hot water by the thermal cycle of water at present Temperature, the heat loss of water when without further considering intercommunication between heat collector and incubator.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of automatic control devices preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, by certainly Dynamicization control reduces scattering and disappearing for hydro-thermal amount, and water temperature is maintained at higher temperature.
The technical scheme is that:A kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, including mend Water pipe, ball-cock assembly, water supply tank, outlet pipe I, outlet pipe II, incubator, heat collector, temperature sensor I, conducting wire, valve I, valve II, valve III, solenoid valve, temperature sensor II, microcontroller, comparator, device of solar generating, water-supply-pipe I, water-supply-pipe II; Ball-cock assembly is equipped at the top of the water supply tank, one end of the water supply pipe and the ball-cock assembly of water supply tank connect, the water supply pipe it is another One end is connect with watering, and the bottom of the water supply tank is connected to by outlet pipe with incubator, and the incubator passes through outlet pipe II is connected to heat collector, and the heat collector is connected to by water-supply-pipe I with the top of incubator, and I lower section of the water-supply-pipe is equipped with defeated The both ends of water pipe II, water-supply-pipe II are connected to water-supply-pipe I, and water-supply-pipe II is equipped with valve III, and the water-supply-pipe I is equipped with valve Door I, valve II and solenoid valve, for the solenoid valve between the valve I, valve II, the solenoid valve passes through conducting wire and list Piece machine connects, and the top in the heat collector is equipped with temperature sensor I, and the heat preservation chamber interior wall is equipped with temperature sensor II, The temperature sensor I, temperature sensor II inside include temperature transmitter, the temperature sensor I, temperature sensor II is connect by conducting wire with comparator respectively, and the comparator is connect with microcontroller, the temperature sensor I, temperature sensor II, microcontroller, comparator are connect with device of solar generating respectively, are powered by device of solar generating.
The temperature sensor I, temperature sensor II are PT100 temperature sensors, and temperature sensor I, temperature pass Sensor II is to be threadedly coupled, and is determined that its Standard resistance range is 100 according to the temperature of the phasing meter of PT100 temperature sensors and water The Ω of Ω~146.07, the temperature range that can be monitored are 0 DEG C~120 DEG C.
The comparator is LM393 twin voltage comparators, and there are two input terminals for LM393 twin voltages comparator, respectively draw Foot 2 and pin 3, an output end are pin 1, and the pin 3 is positive input, is indicated with "+", and pin 2 is reversed input End indicates, the pin 3 is connect with the output end of temperature sensor I, and the pin 2 is connect with temperature sensor II with "-", Pin+Vcc external power supplys, pin GND ground connection, when positive input voltage is more than the voltage of reverse input end, i.e. T1 > T2, output end export the signal of high level, and when positive input is less than reverse input end, i.e. T1 ﹤ T2, output end exports low electricity Ordinary mail number.
The solenoid valve is ZBSF stainless steel normally open type magnetic valves.
Water level in the water supply tank is higher than the water level in incubator.
The controller includes microcontroller, D/A converters, amplifier, the I/O interfaces of the microcontroller and comparator it is defeated Outlet connects, and pin XTAL2, the pin XTAL1 of the microcontroller are connect with crystal oscillating circuit, the reset circuit and pin of microcontroller RST/VPD connections, the pin TXD transmission datas of microcontroller, and pin TXD is connect with D/A converters, the D/A converters packet Include eight D-latch and DAC0832 chips, the pin P0.0 of the microcontroller respectively with pin in eight D-latch and DAC0832 DI7~DI0 connections, the pin ALE of microcontroller are connect with the G pins in eight D-latch, the pin P2.7 of microcontroller with In DAC0832Connection, the pin of microcontrollerWith the pin in DAC0832It connects, the external 5V voltages of pin Vcc and ILE in DAC0832, pin AGND and DGND in DAC0832 It is grounded, pin I01, I02 are connect with the "-" of amplifier and "+" respectively in DAC0832, the pin R of DAC0832fWith amplifier Signal output end connects, and then the signal output end of amplifier is connect with solenoid valve, according to the opening and closing of signal drive magnetic valve.
The microcontroller is 51 microcontrollers.
The temperature sensor I is tiltedly mounted in heat collector, and temperature sensor I and the angle of heat collector inner wall are 30 ~ 45 °, impact force is had when water circulates, with flow at 30 ~ 45 ° of angles being rushed to temperature sensor to reduce water Hit power.
The device of solar generating is 3m2~30m2Solar panel, use the accumulator of 24V.The present invention can So that water temperature keeps relatively high temperature, it ensure that resident uses hot water, while the electric energy that the present apparatus is consumed is also the sun It can convert, reduce energy consumption, while also achieving environmental protection.Accumulator is as standby electricity when there is rainy weather Source provides required electric energy for device.
The operation principle of the present invention:Add water, ball-cock assembly that water level in water supply tank is made to be maintained at into water supply tank by water supply pipe It is required that height of water level, the water in water supply tank is entered to by outlet pipe I in incubator, due to the density of the density ratio cold water of hot water Small, hot water is located above in incubator, and cold water is located at lower section, and the cold water of lower section enters thermal-arrest by outlet pipe II in incubator In device, heat collector heats water, and the hot water after heating is delivered to by water-supply-pipe I in incubator, while heat collector and guarantor Temperature sensor in incubator monitors internal temperature in real time, and converts the information of monitoring to resistive transmission and become to temperature Device, temperature transmitter is sent to convert the resistance signal that temperature sensor transmits to voltage signal and export, the temperature of two measuring points Degree the surveyed water temperature of sensor is transferred to comparator through temperature transmitter, compares both sides voltage swing, and exports a signal to control Device processed, controller receive timely processing after signal, pass to solenoid valve, to realize the opening and closing to electromagnetic valve so that be higher than Hot water in incubator timely flows into incubator, blocks the relatively low water of temperature in heat collector, to ensure that the temperature of water maintains One higher level achievees the purpose that reduce heat loss, if solenoid valve breaks down, artificial control valve III, and realization The circulation of water.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1)The present invention is flexible to operation by realizing the automation control of the blocking into cold water to hot water.
(2)The present invention absorbs the electrical equipment confession that heat is then converted to electric energy to the present invention by solar panel Electricity embodies the environmental protection concept of solar water heater, and the utilization of solar energy not only brings good social benefit, environmental benefit, And also apparent economic value.
(3)The present invention can preferably collect heat, can be applicable in different pipelines, have broader answer in the industry Use foreground.
(4)The present invention realizes bicyclic guarantor, reduces the consumption of the energy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic view of the mounting position of the temperature sensor I of the present invention;
In figure respectively marked as:1- water supply pipes, 2- ball-cock assemblys, 3- water supply tanks, 4- outlet pipes I, 5- incubators, 6- heat collectors, 7- temperature Spend sensor I, 8- conducting wires, 9- valve Is, 10- valves III, 11- solenoid valves, 12- valves II, 13- temperature sensors II, 14- controls Device processed, 15- comparators, 16- device of solar generating, 17- outlet pipes II, 18- water-supply-pipes I, 19- water-supply-pipes II.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1:As shown in Figure 1 and 2, a kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, including mend Water pipe 1, ball-cock assembly 2, water supply tank 3, outlet pipe I 4, outlet pipe II 17, incubator 5, heat collector 6, temperature sensor I 7, conducting wire 8, Valve I 9, valve II 12, valve III 10, solenoid valve 11, temperature sensor II 13, controller 14, comparator 15, solar power generation Device 16, water-supply-pipe I 18, water-supply-pipe II 19;3 top of the water supply tank is equipped with ball-cock assembly 2, one end of the water supply pipe 1 and benefit The ball-cock assembly 2 of water tank 3 connects, and the other end of the water supply pipe 1 is connect with watering, and the bottom of the water supply tank 3 passes through water outlet Pipe 4 is connected to incubator 5, and the incubator 5 is connected to by outlet pipe II 17 with heat collector 6, and the heat collector 6 passes through water-supply-pipe I 18 are connected to the top of incubator 5, and I 18 lower section of the water-supply-pipe is equipped with water-supply-pipe II 19, the both ends of water-supply-pipe II 19 and water delivery Pipe I 18 is connected to, and water-supply-pipe II 19 is equipped with valve III 10, and the water-supply-pipe I 18 is equipped with valve I 9, valve II 12 and electromagnetism Valve 11, for the solenoid valve 11 between the valve I 9, valve II 12, the solenoid valve 11 passes through conducting wire 8 and controller 14 It connecting, the top in the heat collector 6 is equipped with temperature sensor I 7, and 5 inner wall of the incubator is equipped with temperature sensor II 13, The temperature sensor I 7, temperature sensor II 13 inside include temperature transmitter, the temperature sensor I 7, temperature pass Sensor II 13 is connect by conducting wire 8 with comparator 15 respectively, and the comparator 15 is connect with controller 14, the heat collector 6, temperature Degree sensor I 7, temperature sensor II 13, controller 14, comparator 15 are connect with device of solar generating 16 respectively, by the sun It can the power supply of power generator 16.
The temperature sensor I 7, temperature sensor II 13 are PT100 temperature sensors, and temperature sensor I 7, temperature Degree sensor II 13 is to be threadedly coupled.
The comparator 15 is LM393 twin voltage comparators, and there are two input terminals for LM393 twin voltages comparator, respectively Pin 2 and pin 3, an output end are pin 1, and the pin 3 is positive input, is indicated with "+", and pin 2 is reversed defeated Enter end, indicated with "-", the pin 3 is connect with the output end of temperature sensor I 7, the pin 2 and temperature sensor II 13 Connection, pin+Vcc external power supplys, pin GND ground connection.
The solenoid valve 11 is ZBSF stainless steel normally open type magnetic valves.
Water level in the water supply tank 3 is higher than the water level in incubator 5.
The controller 14 includes microcontroller, D/A converters, amplifier, I/O interfaces and the comparator 15 of the microcontroller Output end connection, pin XTAL2, the pin XTAL1 of the microcontroller connect with crystal oscillating circuit, the reset circuit of microcontroller and Pin RST/VPD connections, the pin TXD transmission datas of microcontroller, and pin TXD is connect with D/A converters, the D/A conversions Device includes eight D-latch and DAC0832 chips, and the pin P0.0 of the microcontroller draws with eight D-latch and DAC0832 respectively Foot DI7~DI0 connections, the pin ALE of microcontroller are connect with the G pins in eight D-latch, the pin P2.7 of microcontroller with In DAC0832Connection, the pin of microcontrollerWith the pin in DAC0832It connects, the external 5V voltages of pin Vcc and ILE in DAC0832, pin AGND and DGND in DAC0832 It is grounded, pin I01, I02 are connect with the "-" of amplifier and "+" respectively in DAC0832, the pin R of DAC0832fWith amplifier Signal output end connects, and then the signal output end of amplifier is connect with solenoid valve 11, according to opening for signal drive magnetic valve 11 It closes.
The microcontroller is 51 microcontrollers.
The device of solar generating 16 is 3m2Solar panel.
The temperature sensor I 7 is tiltedly mounted in heat collector 6, and the angle of temperature sensor I 7 and 6 inner wall of heat collector It is 30 °.
The operation principle of the present embodiment device:
By water supply pipe 1 into water supply tank 3 plus water, ball-cock assembly 2 makes in water supply tank 3 water level be maintained to require height of water level, moisturizing Water in case 3 is entered to by outlet pipe I 4 in incubator 5, since the density of the density ratio cold water of hot water is small, in incubator 5 Hot water is located above, and cold water is located at lower section, and the cold water of lower section is entered by outlet pipe II 17 in heat collector 6 in incubator 5, thermal-arrest Device 6 heats water, and the hot water after heating is delivered to by water-supply-pipe I 18 in incubator 5, while heat collector 6 and incubator 5 In temperature sensor internal temperature is monitored in real time, and convert the information of monitoring to resistive transmission and give temperature pick-up Device, temperature transmitter convert the resistance signal that temperature sensor transmits to voltage signal and export, the temperature of two measuring points The surveyed water temperature of sensor is transferred to comparator 15 through temperature transmitter, compares both sides voltage swing, and exports a signal to control Device 14 processed, controller 14 receive timely processing after signal, pass to solenoid valve 11, to realize the opening and closing to solenoid valve 11, make It obtains and timely flows into incubator 5 higher than the hot water in incubator 5, the water that temperature is relatively low in heat collector 6 is blocked, to ensure water Temperature maintains a higher level, achievees the purpose that reduce heat loss, if solenoid valve breaks down, artificial control valve III 10, realize the circulation of water.
Embodiment 2:The present embodiment structure is with embodiment 1, the difference is that the device of solar generating 16 is 20m2 Solar panel, the angle of the temperature sensor I 7 and 6 inner wall of heat collector is 38 °.
Embodiment 3:The present embodiment structure is with embodiment 1, the difference is that the device of solar generating 16 is 30m2 Solar panel, the angle of the temperature sensor I 7 and 6 inner wall of heat collector is 45 °.
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned Embodiment within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art can also be before not departing from present inventive concept Put that various changes can be made.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, which is characterized in that including water supply pipe(1), it is floating Ball valve(2), water supply tank(3), outlet pipe I(4), outlet pipe II(17), incubator(5), heat collector(6), temperature sensor I(7)、 Conducting wire(8), valve I(9), valve II(12), valve III(10), solenoid valve(11), temperature sensor II(13), controller (14), comparator(15), device of solar generating(16), water-supply-pipe I(18), water-supply-pipe II(19);The water supply tank(3)Top Equipped with ball-cock assembly(2), the water supply pipe(1)One end and water supply tank(3)Ball-cock assembly(2)Connection, the water supply pipe(1)It is another One end is connect with watering, the water supply tank(3)Bottom pass through outlet pipe(4)With incubator(5)Connection, the incubator (5)Pass through outlet pipe II(17)With heat collector(6)Connection, the heat collector(6)Pass through water-supply-pipe I(18)With incubator(5)'s Top is connected to, the water-supply-pipe I(18)Lower section is equipped with water-supply-pipe II(19), water-supply-pipe II(19)Both ends and water-supply-pipe I(18) Connection, and water-supply-pipe II(19)It is equipped with valve III(10), the water-supply-pipe I(18)It is equipped with valve I(9), valve II(12) And solenoid valve(11), the solenoid valve(11)Positioned at the valve I(9), valve II(12)Between, the solenoid valve(11)Pass through Conducting wire(8)With controller(14)Connection, the heat collector(6)Interior top is equipped with temperature sensor I(7), the incubator(5) Inner wall is equipped with temperature sensor II(13), the temperature sensor I(7), temperature sensor II(13)Inside include temperature Spend transmitter, the temperature sensor I(7), temperature sensor II(13)Pass through conducting wire respectively(8)With comparator(15)Connection, The comparator(15)With controller(14)Connection, the heat collector(6), temperature sensor I(7), temperature sensor II(13)、 Controller(14), comparator(15)Respectively with device of solar generating(16)Connection, by device of solar generating(16)Power supply.
2. the automatic control device according to claim 1 for preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, it is characterised in that:Institute State temperature sensor I(7), temperature sensor II(13)It is PT100 temperature sensors, and temperature sensor I(7), temperature pass Sensor II(13)It is to be threadedly coupled.
3. the automatic control device according to claim 1 for preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, it is characterised in that:Institute State comparator(15)For LM393 twin voltage comparators, LM393 twin voltages comparator respectively pin 2 and draws there are two input terminal Foot 3, an output end are pin 1, and the pin 3 is positive input, is indicated with "+", and pin 2 is reverse input end, uses "-" It indicates, the pin 3 and temperature sensor I(7)Output end connection, the pin 2 and temperature sensor II(13)Connection, draws Foot+Vcc external power supplys, pin GND ground connection.
4. the automatic control device according to claim 1 for preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, it is characterised in that:Institute State solenoid valve(11)For ZBSF stainless steel normally open type magnetic valves.
5. the automatic control device according to claim 1 for preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, it is characterised in that:Institute State water supply tank(3)In water level be higher than incubator(5)In water level.
6. the automatic control device according to claim 1 for preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, it is characterised in that:Institute State controller(14)Including microcontroller, D/A converters, amplifier, the I/O interfaces and comparator of the microcontroller(15)Output End connection, pin XTAL2, the pin XTAL1 of the microcontroller are connect with crystal oscillating circuit, the reset circuit and pin of microcontroller RST/VPD connections, the pin TXD transmission datas of microcontroller, and pin TXD is connect with D/A converters, the D/A converters packet Include eight D-latch and DAC0832 chips, the pin P0.0 of the microcontroller respectively with pin in eight D-latch and DAC0832 DI7~DI0 connections, the pin ALE of microcontroller are connect with the G pins in eight D-latch, the pin P2.7 of microcontroller with In DAC0832Connection, the pin of microcontrollerWith the pin in DAC0832It connects, the external 5V voltages of pin Vcc and ILE in DAC0832, pin AGND and DGND in DAC0832 It is grounded, pin I01, I02 are connect with the "-" of amplifier and "+" respectively in DAC0832, the pin R of DAC0832fWith amplifier Signal output end connects, then the signal output end and solenoid valve of amplifier(11)Connection, according to signal drive magnetic valve(11) Opening and closing.
7. the automatic control device according to claim 6 for preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, it is characterised in that:Institute It is 51 microcontrollers to state microcontroller.
8. the automatic control device according to claim 1 for preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, it is characterised in that:Institute State device of solar generating(16)For 3m2~30 m2Solar panel.
9. the automatic control device according to claim 1 for preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss, it is characterised in that:Institute State temperature sensor I(7)It is tiltedly mounted on heat collector(6)It is interior, and temperature sensor I(7)With heat collector(6)The angle of inner wall is 30~45°。
CN201810187655.2A 2018-03-07 2018-03-07 A kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss Pending CN108679863A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810187655.2A CN108679863A (en) 2018-03-07 2018-03-07 A kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810187655.2A CN108679863A (en) 2018-03-07 2018-03-07 A kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN108679863A true CN108679863A (en) 2018-10-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810187655.2A Pending CN108679863A (en) 2018-03-07 2018-03-07 A kind of automatic control device preventing solar thermal collector thermal loss

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1888579A (en) * 2005-05-17 2007-01-03 唐晓江 Solar electromagnetic heat pump hot-water central heating system
CN101089509A (en) * 2006-06-15 2007-12-19 海尔集团公司 Once circulation solar water heater
CN101392927A (en) * 2007-09-17 2009-03-25 南通天民节能设备有限公司 Central heating system of solar water heater
CN203907725U (en) * 2014-06-05 2014-10-29 于志军 Multi-layer heating and water-mixing unit for radiant floor heating system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1888579A (en) * 2005-05-17 2007-01-03 唐晓江 Solar electromagnetic heat pump hot-water central heating system
CN101089509A (en) * 2006-06-15 2007-12-19 海尔集团公司 Once circulation solar water heater
CN101392927A (en) * 2007-09-17 2009-03-25 南通天民节能设备有限公司 Central heating system of solar water heater
CN203907725U (en) * 2014-06-05 2014-10-29 于志军 Multi-layer heating and water-mixing unit for radiant floor heating system

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
北京市建设委员会: "《系能源与可再生能源利用技术》", 31 July 2006, 冶金工业出版社 *
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