CN108673151B - Deep hole scraping and rolling composite device for bidirectional machining - Google Patents

Deep hole scraping and rolling composite device for bidirectional machining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108673151B
CN108673151B CN201810748665.9A CN201810748665A CN108673151B CN 108673151 B CN108673151 B CN 108673151B CN 201810748665 A CN201810748665 A CN 201810748665A CN 108673151 B CN108673151 B CN 108673151B
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mandrel
shell
scraping
rolling
rolling part
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CN108673151A (en
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赵武
张鸿斌
黄丹
霍博义
贾向前
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/26—Fluid-pressure drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B23Q5/40—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep hole scraping and rolling composite device for bidirectional processing, which comprises a cylindrical shell, wherein a scraping part and a rolling part are arranged on the shell, the scraping part comprises a front scraping part A2 and a rear scraping part A5 which can be radially adjusted along the shell, the rolling part comprises a front rolling part A3 and a rear rolling part A4 which can be radially adjusted along the shell, and the front rolling part A3 and the rear rolling part A4 are positioned between the front scraping part A2 and the rear scraping part A5. The deep hole scraping and rolling composite device can be used for processing in the advancing and retreating processes, improves the production efficiency, and is compact in structure and high in processing precision.

Description

Deep hole scraping and rolling composite device for bidirectional machining
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep hole machining tools, in particular to a deep hole scraping and rolling composite device for bidirectional machining.
Background
At present, most of the scraping and rolling composite cutters adopted in deep hole machining can only perform unidirectional machining, namely, the cutters can only perform machining when advancing, and idle strokes occur when retreating, so that time waste in the cutter retreating process is caused, for example, in Chinese patent '201010611007.9' and '201110339896.2'.
Chinese patent 201010611007.9 discloses an automatic expansion-contraction scraping-rolling combined deep hole cutter which can simultaneously realize boring-scraping-rolling combined machining in the machining process. The boring head, the scraping assembly and the rolling assembly are connected through the mandrel, the reset spring is arranged at the tail end of the mandrel, the mandrel is moved to drive the tapered ejector block and the tapered raceway surface, and the radial positions of the boring cutter, the scraper and the roller are adjusted to achieve the machining size. However, the rolling part of the cutter has a complex structure and comprises a top column, a top disc, a bearing seat and the like. In addition, there is connecting portion between roll extrusion portion and the scraping portion, and connecting portion is including linking cover and connection pad etc. and spare part quantity of combination cutter increases, can lead to the increase of original error, reduces machining precision. The arrangement structure of the composite cutter has the advantages that the mandrel bears large axial force during the processing process, and the composite cutter is easy to deform, so that the stable processing is not facilitated. And the structure can only meet the requirement of unidirectional processing, processing is performed when the machine advances along the axial direction, processing is not performed when the machine retreats, so that idle stroke occurs when the machine retreats, and the production efficiency is low.
Chinese patent 201110339896.2 discloses an integral composite tool with adjustable axial distance integrating boring, scraping and rolling, which is capable of adjusting the machining diameter by pushing a mandrel and moving a stroke push rod through an oil cylinder. The axial tail end of the stroke ejector rod is connected with a spring, and the spring force enables the mandrel to reset after the processing in the advancing direction is finished, so that the processed surface is prevented from being scratched by the cutter during tool withdrawal. However, the compound cutter can only realize unidirectional processing, cannot carry out bidirectional processing, and can greatly reduce the production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep hole scraping and rolling composite device for bidirectional machining, which has the advantages of compact structure, high machining precision and high production efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a bidirectional processing deep hole scraping and rolling composite device comprises a cylindrical shell, an axial adjusting mechanism, a radial adjusting mechanism and an end cover fixed at the front end of the shell. The shell is provided with a scraping part and a rolling part, and is characterized in that: the scraping part comprises a front scraping part A2 and a rear scraping part A5 which can be adjusted along the radial direction of the shell, the rolling part comprises a front rolling part A3 and a rear rolling part A4 which can be adjusted along the radial direction of the shell, the front rolling part A3 and the rear rolling part A4 are positioned between the front scraping part A2 and the rear scraping part A5, when the scraping composite device advances, the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 respectively scrape and roll a workpiece, and the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 are not contacted with the workpiece and do not participate in work; when the scraping and rolling composite device retreats, the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 respectively scrape and roll the workpiece, and the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 are not contacted with the workpiece and do not participate in work.
The front scraping part A2 and the rear scraping part A5 respectively comprise at least one scraper and a plurality of guide keys, the scrapers and the guide keys are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the shell, and the scrapers and the guide keys are respectively fixed on the outer circumference of the shell through corresponding supporting seats; the front rolling part A3 and the rear rolling part A4 respectively comprise a plurality of rollers which are uniformly arranged at intervals around the circumference of the shell, and the rollers are fixed on the outer circumference of the shell through corresponding supporting seats.
The axial adjusting mechanism drives the radial adjusting mechanism to move radially so as to drive the front scraping part A2, the front rolling part A3, the rear rolling part A4 and the rear scraping part A5 to move radially; the axial adjusting mechanisms comprise a front mandrel, a middle mandrel and a rear mandrel which are positioned in a central through hole of the shell and are sequentially arranged from front to back, the front mandrel, the middle mandrel and the rear mandrel are coaxial with the shell, the front mandrel and the rear mandrel are frustum-shaped shafts, the small end of the front mandrel faces forward, the small end of the rear mandrel faces backward, the middle mandrel consists of two frustum-shaped half shafts with coaxial axes, the large ends of the frustum-shaped half shafts are fixed together, the small end of the front frustum-shaped half shaft faces forward, and the small end of the rear frustum-shaped half shaft faces backward; the front end of the middle mandrel is detachably connected with the rear end of the front mandrel, and the rear end is detachably connected with the front end of the rear mandrel.
The radial adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of radial adjusting assemblies corresponding to the positions of the supporting seats, each radial adjusting assembly comprises a jacking column, a spring and a nut, the jacking column is radially arranged along the shell, the spring is sleeved on the jacking column, the nut is fixed at the inner end of the jacking column, the outer end of the jacking column penetrates out of the shell and then is detachably connected with the supporting seats, the inner end face of the jacking column is contacted with the conical surface of the front mandrel, the middle mandrel or the rear mandrel and is adaptive to the shape of the conical surface, and the spring is positioned between the nut and the inner wall of the shell.
The front end of the front mandrel is connected with a front hydraulic feeding assembly which drives the front mandrel to move forwards and backwards, the rear end of the rear mandrel is connected with a rear hydraulic feeding assembly which drives the rear mandrel to move forwards and backwards, the front hydraulic feeding assembly comprises a front hydraulic cylinder and a front piston rod, the front hydraulic cylinder is matched with the central through hole of the shell and is fixed in the central through hole, and the rear end of the front piston rod is fixedly connected with the front end of the front mandrel; the rear hydraulic feeding assembly comprises a rear hydraulic cylinder and a rear piston rod, the front part of the rear hydraulic cylinder is matched with the central through hole of the shell and is fixed in the central through hole, and the rear part of the rear hydraulic cylinder is a connector.
The front end of the front piston rod is connected with a ball screw adjusting mechanism, the ball screw adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod coaxial with the shell and a nut, the nut is fixed at the front end of the front piston rod and is rotationally connected with the rear end of the screw rod, and a handle shaft sleeve for enabling the screw rod to rotate is sleeved on the periphery of the front end of the screw rod.
The handle shaft sleeve front end is fixedly provided with a handheld sleeve, the handle shaft sleeve is provided with a screw axial positioning structure, the screw axial positioning structure comprises two round nuts in threaded connection with the outer peripheral surface of the handle shaft sleeve and cylindrical pins radially arranged along the handle shaft sleeve, the inner ends of the cylindrical pins are inserted into the front end of the screw, the outer ends of the cylindrical pins are positioned outside the handle shaft sleeve and between the two round nuts, the handle shaft sleeve is provided with a rectangular opening corresponding to the cylindrical pins, the length direction of the opening is parallel to the axis of the handle shaft sleeve, and the width of the opening is matched with the outer diameter of the cylindrical pins.
The rear end of the handle shaft sleeve is positioned in the middle through hole of the end cover, a bearing sleeved on the rear end of the handle shaft sleeve is arranged in the middle through hole of the end cover, and a bearing cover is fixedly arranged on the front side of the end cover.
The roller is erected on the supporting seat through the short shaft, the short shaft and the supporting seat are in radial clearance fit along the short shaft, the roller and the short shaft are in radial interference fit along the short shaft, an elastic adjusting mechanism is arranged between the roller and the corresponding supporting seat, and the elastic adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting frame positioned on the inner side of the roller, a T-shaped shifting fork positioned above the left end and the right end of the supporting frame and a spring used for enabling the shifting fork to radially move along the shell.
Protrusions corresponding to the shifting fork are arranged at the left end and the right end of the supporting frame; the shifting fork comprises a transverse section and a vertical section, the transverse section is in contact with the short shaft, the spring is sleeved on the vertical section and is positioned between the transverse section and the bulge, and a groove matched with the inner end of the vertical section is formed in the bulge.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the rolling part comprises a front rolling part A3 and a rear rolling part A4 which can be radially adjusted along the shell, the front rolling part A3 and the rear rolling part A4 are positioned between a front scraping part A2 and a rear scraping part A5, when the scraping and rolling composite device advances, the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 respectively scrape and roll a workpiece, and the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 are not contacted with the workpiece and do not participate in work; when the scraping and rolling composite device retreats, the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 respectively scrape and roll the workpiece, and the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 are not contacted with the workpiece and do not participate in work; the deep hole scraping and rolling composite device can be processed in the advancing and retreating processes, so that the production efficiency is improved;
2. the front hydraulic feeding assembly and the rear hydraulic feeding assembly are utilized to drive the axial adjusting mechanism to rapidly move, so that the radial adjusting mechanism also rapidly moves, the wide-range adjustment of the scraping part and the rolling part is facilitated, and the adjusting speed is high; the ball screw adjusting mechanism is utilized to drive the axial adjusting mechanism to move slowly, so that the radial adjusting mechanism also moves slowly, the scraping part and the rolling part are convenient to adjust accurately, and the machining precision is improved;
3. the elastic adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting frame, a T-shaped shifting fork and a spring, wherein the spring is a return spring, and the spring acts on the roller through the shifting fork by elastic force, so that the roller can be ensured to be always contacted with a processing surface in the rolling process;
4. the radial adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of radial adjusting components, each radial adjusting component comprises a jacking column, a spring and a nut, when scraping and rolling in the advancing direction are finished, the front mandrel, the middle mandrel and the rear mandrel are moved backwards through the ball screw adjusting mechanism, the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 can be retracted by the corresponding springs of the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3, and a scraper on the front scraping part A2 and a roller on the front rolling part A3 are retracted to avoid damaging a processed surface when retreating; meanwhile, the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 can be made to extend out radially by the corresponding springs of the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4, the scraper on the rear scraping part A5 and the roller on the rear rolling part A4 extend out radially, and a new processing process is implemented when the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 are retreated;
5. the outer peripheral surfaces of the front mandrel and the rear mandrel are conical surfaces, the middle mandrel is composed of two frustum-shaped half shafts, and the inner end surface of the jacking column is in contact with the conical surfaces of the front mandrel, the middle mandrel or the rear mandrel, so that the radial movement of the jacking column can be realized in the axial movement process of the front mandrel, the middle mandrel and the rear mandrel, and the machining size of the scraping part and the rolling part can be conveniently adjusted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at E;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along section B-B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along section C-C in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of F in FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the sectional view taken along section D-D in fig. 5.
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or adjustments of the sizes, which are otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are included in the spirit and scope of the invention which is otherwise, without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a deep hole scraping and rolling composite device for bidirectional processing comprises a cylindrical shell 1, an axial adjusting mechanism, a radial adjusting mechanism and an end cover 5 fixed at the front end of the shell 1, wherein a scraping part and a rolling part are arranged on the shell 1. The scraping part comprises a front scraping part A2 and a rear scraping part A5 which can be adjusted along the radial direction of the shell 1, the rolling part comprises a front rolling part A3 and a rear rolling part A4 which can be adjusted along the radial direction of the shell 1, and the front rolling part A3 and the rear rolling part A4 are positioned between the front scraping part A2 and the rear scraping part A5. When the scraping and rolling composite device advances, the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 respectively scrape and roll the workpiece, and the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 are not contacted with the workpiece. When the scraping and rolling composite device retreats, the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 respectively scrape and roll the workpiece, and the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 are not contacted with the workpiece.
The front scraping part A2 and the rear scraping part A5 respectively comprise at least one scraper 2 and a plurality of guide keys 3, the scraper 2 and the guide keys 3 are circumferentially arranged at intervals around the shell 1, and the scraper 2 and the guide keys 3 are respectively fixed on the outer circumference of the shell 1 through corresponding supporting seats 4. The front rolling part A3 and the rear rolling part A4 respectively comprise a plurality of rollers 6 which are uniformly and alternately arranged around the circumference of the shell 1, and the rollers 6 are fixed on the outer circumference of the shell 1 through corresponding supporting seats 4. The roller 6 is erected on the supporting seat 4 through the short shaft 27, the short shaft 27 is in radial clearance fit with the supporting seat 4 along the short shaft 27, the roller 6 is in radial interference fit with the short shaft 27 along the short shaft 27, an elastic adjusting mechanism is arranged between the roller 6 and the corresponding supporting seat 4, the elastic adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting frame 28 positioned at the inner side of the roller 6, a T-shaped shifting fork 29 positioned above the left end and the right end of the supporting frame 28 and a spring 30 used for enabling the shifting fork 29 to move along the radial direction of the shell 1, the spring 30 is a reset spring, the spring 30 applies an elastic force to the roller 6 through the shifting fork 29, and the roller 6 can be ensured to be always contacted with a processing surface in the rolling process. Protrusions 31 corresponding to the positions of the shifting fork 29 are arranged at the left end and the right end of the supporting frame 28. The fork 29 comprises a transverse section 32 and a vertical section 33, the transverse section 32 is in contact with the short shaft 27, the spring 30 is sleeved on the vertical section 33 and is positioned between the transverse section 32 and the bulge 31, and the bulge 31 is provided with a groove 34 matched with the inner end of the vertical section 33.
The axial adjusting mechanism drives the radial adjusting mechanism to move radially, and then the radial adjusting mechanism drives the front scraping part A2, the front rolling part A3, the rear rolling part A4 and the rear scraping part A5 to move radially. The axial adjusting mechanism comprises a front mandrel 8, a middle mandrel 9 and a rear mandrel 10 which are coaxial with the shell 1, are positioned in a central through hole 7 of the shell 1 and are sequentially arranged from front to back, the front mandrel 8 and the rear mandrel 10 are frustum-shaped shafts, the small end of the front mandrel 8 faces forward, the small end of the rear mandrel 10 faces backward, the middle mandrel 9 consists of two frustum-shaped half shafts which are coaxial, the large ends of the frustum-shaped half shafts are fixed together, the small end of the front frustum-shaped half shaft faces forward, and the small end of the rear frustum-shaped half shaft faces backward. The front end of the intermediate spindle 9 is detachably connected to the rear end of the front spindle 8, and the rear end is detachably connected to the front end of the rear spindle 10.
The radial adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of radial adjusting assemblies corresponding to the positions of the supporting seats 4, wherein each radial adjusting assembly comprises a jacking column 11, a spring 12 and a nut 13, the jacking column 11 is radially arranged along the shell 1, the spring 12 is sleeved on the jacking column 11, and the nut 13 is fixed at the inner end of the jacking column 11. The outer end of the top column 11 penetrates out of the shell 1 and then is detachably connected with the supporting seat 4, the inner end face of the top column is contacted with the conical surface of the front mandrel 8, the middle mandrel 9 or the rear mandrel 10 and is matched with the conical surface in shape, and the spring 12 is positioned between the nut 13 and the inner wall of the shell 1. The spring 12 is a compression spring, when the machining is completed along the forward direction, in the process that the front mandrel 8, the middle mandrel 9 and the rear mandrel 10 are retracted, the springs 12 corresponding to the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 push the jacking posts 11 corresponding to the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 to move inwards along the radial direction of the shell 1 through the nuts 13, so that the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 are driven to retract, and the scraper 2 on the front scraping part A2 and the roller 6 on the front rolling part A3 are prevented from damaging the machined surface during the retraction. The front mandrel 8 and the rear mandrel 10 are designed into a frustum shape, namely, the outer peripheral surfaces of the front mandrel 8 and the rear mandrel 10 are conical surfaces, the middle mandrel 9 consists of two frustum-shaped half shafts, the inner end surfaces of the jacking posts 11 are contacted with the conical surfaces of the front mandrel 8, the middle mandrel 9 or the rear mandrel 10, and the purpose is that the radial movement of the jacking posts 11 can be realized in the axial movement process of the front mandrel 8, the middle mandrel 9 and the rear mandrel 10, so that the machining sizes of the scraping part and the rolling part can be adjusted.
In order to enable the front spindle 8, the middle spindle 9 and the rear spindle 10 to move along the axial direction of the shell 1 in a wide range, the front end of the front spindle 8 is connected with a front hydraulic feeding assembly which drives the front spindle 8 to move back and forth, and the rear end of the rear spindle 10 is connected with a rear hydraulic feeding assembly which drives the rear spindle 10 to move back and forth. The front hydraulic feeding assembly comprises a front hydraulic cylinder 14 and a front piston rod 15, wherein the front hydraulic cylinder 14 is matched with the central through hole 7 of the shell 1 and is fixed in the central through hole 7, a hydraulic oil inlet is arranged on the front hydraulic cylinder 14, a sealing ring 29 is sleeved on the front piston rod 15, and the rear end of the front piston rod 15 is fixedly connected with the front end of the front mandrel 8. The rear hydraulic feeding assembly comprises a rear hydraulic cylinder 16 and a rear piston rod 17, the front part of the rear hydraulic cylinder 16 is matched with the central through hole 7 of the shell 1 and is fixed in the central through hole 7, a sealing ring 29 is sleeved on the rear piston rod 17, the rear part of the rear piston rod is a connector 18, the connector 18 is connected with a deep hole machine tool through trapezoidal threads, and a hydraulic oil inlet is formed in the connector 18. Hydraulic oil enters the oil cavity of the front hydraulic cylinder 14 or the rear hydraulic cylinder 16 through a hydraulic oil pipeline, so that the front mandrel 8, the middle mandrel 9 and the rear mandrel 10 are pushed to axially move, and the pressure maintaining effect and the axial resistance can be achieved in the machining process. The sealing rings 29 sleeved on the front piston rod 15 and the rear piston rod 17 can play a role in sealing hydraulic oil. When the deep hole scraping and rolling composite device is processed along the advancing direction, backward axial resistance can be generated, and hydraulic oil in the rear hydraulic cylinder 16 can resist the backward axial resistance generated by the advancing processing, so that the pressure maintaining effect is realized; when processing is performed in the backward direction, forward axial resistance is generated, and hydraulic oil in the front hydraulic cylinder 14 can resist the forward axial resistance generated by the backward processing, so that a pressure maintaining effect is achieved.
In order to enable the front mandrel 8, the middle mandrel 9 and the rear mandrel 10 to move in a small range along the axial direction of the shell 1, the front end of the front piston rod 15 is connected with a ball screw adjusting mechanism, the ball screw adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod 19 coaxial with the shell 1 and a nut 20, the nut 20 is fixed at the front end of the front piston rod 15 and is rotationally connected with the rear end of the screw rod 19, the outer periphery of the front part of the screw rod 19 is sleeved with a handle shaft sleeve 21 for enabling the screw rod 19 to rotate, a middle through hole of the handle shaft sleeve 21 is a splined hole, and the outer periphery of the front part of the screw rod 19 is provided with an external spline matched with the splined hole.
The front end of the handle shaft sleeve 21 is fixedly provided with a handheld sleeve 22, the handle shaft sleeve 21 is provided with a screw axial positioning structure, and the screw axial positioning structure comprises two round nuts 23 in threaded connection with the outer peripheral surface of the handle shaft sleeve 21 and cylindrical pins 24 radially arranged along the handle shaft sleeve 21. The inner end of the cylindrical pin 24 is inserted at the front end of the screw rod 19, the outer end of the cylindrical pin is positioned outside the handle shaft sleeve 21 and between the two round nuts 23, a rectangular opening corresponding to the cylindrical pin 24 is arranged on the handle shaft sleeve 21, the length direction of the opening is parallel to the axis of the handle shaft sleeve 21, and the width of the opening is matched with the outer diameter of the cylindrical pin 24. The rear end of the handle shaft sleeve 21 is positioned in a through hole in the middle of the end cover 5, a bearing 25 sleeved on the rear end of the handle shaft sleeve 21 is arranged in the through hole in the middle of the end cover 5, the bearing 25 is a pair of angle contact ball bearings, a bearing cover 26 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the end cover 5, and a hydraulic oil inlet is also arranged on the end cover 5. When the scraping part and the rolling part are subjected to wide-range feeding adjustment by using the axial adjustment mechanism, the cylindrical pin 24 is pulled out from the front end of the screw rod 19, and at the moment, the screw rod 19 can axially move along the spline hole in the middle of the handle shaft sleeve 21. When the ball screw adjusting mechanism is required to accurately adjust the machining size through the axial adjusting mechanism, the cylindrical pin 24 is inserted into the front end of the screw 19, the two round nuts 23 are rotated, the two round nuts 23 clamp the cylindrical pin 24, at the moment, the screw 19 cannot axially move along the spline hole in the middle of the handle shaft sleeve 21, the handle shaft sleeve 21 and the screw 19 are relatively fixed, the handle shaft sleeve 21 can be driven to rotate through rotating the handheld sleeve 22, the screw 19 is driven to rotate through rotating the handle shaft sleeve 21, the rotating motion of the screw 19 can be changed into linear motion through the nut 20 according to the working principle of the ball screw, the nut 20 drives the front mandrel 8, the middle mandrel 9 and the rear mandrel 10 through the front piston rod 15 to axially move, and then drives the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 to radially move, and the adjusting scraper 2 and the roller 6 radially meet the machining tolerance requirement.
The specific working principle is as follows:
when the deep hole is required to be scraped and rolled, according to the processing requirement, firstly, the deep hole scraping and rolling composite device is subjected to forward direction adjustment, a cylindrical pin 24 is required to be pulled out from the front end of a screw rod 19, at the moment, the screw rod 19 can axially move along a spline hole in the middle of a handle shaft sleeve 21, then, a front scraping part A2 and a front rolling part A3 are subjected to wide-range feeding adjustment by utilizing an axial adjusting mechanism and a radial adjusting mechanism, so that a front mandrel 8, a middle mandrel 9 and a rear mandrel 10 are moved forward to drive the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 to radially move; then, the ball screw adjusting mechanism is utilized to carry out small-range feeding adjustment, the cylindrical pin 24 is inserted into the front end of the screw rod 19, the two round nuts 23 are rotated, the two round nuts 23 clamp the cylindrical pin 24, at the moment, the screw rod 19 cannot axially move along a spline hole in the middle of the handle shaft sleeve 21, then the handle shaft sleeve 21 is driven to rotate by rotating the handheld sleeve 22, the screw rod 19 is driven to rotate by the handle shaft sleeve 21, according to the working principle of the ball screw, the rotary motion of the screw rod 19 can be changed into linear motion through the nut 20, the nut 20 drives the front mandrel 8, the middle mandrel 9 and the rear mandrel 10 to axially move through the front piston rod 15, and then the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 are driven to radially move, and the adjusting scraper 2 and the roller 6 radially meet the machining tolerance requirement. After the scraping along the advancing direction is finished, the hydraulic oil in the rear hydraulic cylinder 16 is decompressed, the front mandrel 8, the middle mandrel 9 and the rear mandrel 10 are moved backwards through the ball screw adjusting mechanism, meanwhile, the springs 12 corresponding to the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 push the jacking posts 11 corresponding to the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 to move inwards along the radial direction of the shell 1 through the nuts 13, and then the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 are driven to retract, and the scraping knife 2 on the front scraping part A2 and the roller 6 on the front rolling part A3 retract, so that the processed surface is prevented from being damaged during the retreating. The adjustment of the deep hole scraping and rolling composite device in the backward direction is similar to the forward direction, and is not repeated here.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a compound device is scraped to deep hole of two-way processing, includes the tubular casing, is equipped with scraping portion and roll extrusion portion on the casing, its characterized in that: the scraping part comprises a front scraping part A2 and a rear scraping part A5 which can be adjusted along the radial direction of the shell, the rolling part comprises a front rolling part A3 and a rear rolling part A4 which can be adjusted along the radial direction of the shell, the front rolling part A3 and the rear rolling part A4 are positioned between the front scraping part A2 and the rear scraping part A5, when the scraping composite device advances, the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 respectively scrape and roll a workpiece, and the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 are not contacted with the workpiece; when the scraping and rolling composite device retreats, the rear scraping part A5 and the rear rolling part A4 respectively scrape and roll the workpiece, and the front scraping part A2 and the front rolling part A3 are not contacted with the workpiece;
the front scraping part A2 and the rear scraping part A5 respectively comprise at least one scraper and a plurality of guide keys, the scrapers and the guide keys are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the shell, and the scrapers and the guide keys are respectively fixed on the outer circumference of the shell through corresponding supporting seats; the front rolling part A3 and the rear rolling part A4 respectively comprise a plurality of rollers which are uniformly arranged at intervals around the circumference of the shell, and the rollers are fixed on the outer circumference of the shell through corresponding supporting seats;
the axial adjusting mechanism drives the radial adjusting mechanism to move radially so as to drive the front scraping part A2, the front rolling part A3, the rear rolling part A4 and the rear scraping part A5 to move radially; the axial adjusting mechanism comprises a front mandrel, a middle mandrel and a rear mandrel which are positioned in a central through hole of the shell and are sequentially arranged from front to back, the front mandrel, the middle mandrel and the rear mandrel are coaxial with the shell, the front mandrel and the rear mandrel are frustum-shaped shafts, the small end of the front mandrel faces forward, the small end of the rear mandrel faces backward, the middle mandrel consists of two frustum-shaped half shafts with coaxial axes, the large ends of the frustum-shaped half shafts are fixed together, the small end of the front frustum-shaped half shaft faces forward, and the small end of the rear frustum-shaped half shaft faces backward; the front end of the middle mandrel is detachably connected with the rear end of the front mandrel, and the rear end of the middle mandrel is detachably connected with the front end of the rear mandrel;
the radial adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of radial adjusting assemblies corresponding to the positions of the supporting seats, each radial adjusting assembly comprises a jacking column, a spring and a nut, the jacking column is radially arranged along the shell, the spring is sleeved on the jacking column, the nut is fixed at the inner end of the jacking column, the outer end of the jacking column penetrates out of the shell and then is detachably connected with the supporting seats, the inner end face of the jacking column is contacted with the conical surface of the front mandrel, the middle mandrel or the rear mandrel and is adaptive to the shape of the conical surface, and the spring is positioned between the nut and the inner wall of the shell;
the roller is erected on the supporting seat through the short shaft, the short shaft and the supporting seat are in radial clearance fit along the short shaft, the roller and the short shaft are in radial interference fit along the short shaft, an elastic adjusting mechanism is arranged between the roller and the corresponding supporting seat, and the elastic adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting frame positioned on the inner side of the roller, a T-shaped shifting fork positioned above the left end and the right end of the supporting frame and a spring used for enabling the shifting fork to radially move along the shell.
2. The roll-off compounding device of claim 1, wherein: the front end of the front mandrel is connected with a front hydraulic feeding assembly which drives the front mandrel to move forwards and backwards, the rear end of the rear mandrel is connected with a rear hydraulic feeding assembly which drives the rear mandrel to move forwards and backwards, the front hydraulic feeding assembly comprises a front hydraulic cylinder and a front piston rod, the front hydraulic cylinder is matched with the central through hole of the shell and is fixed in the central through hole, and the rear end of the front piston rod is fixedly connected with the front end of the front mandrel; the rear hydraulic feeding assembly comprises a rear hydraulic cylinder and a rear piston rod, the front part of the rear hydraulic cylinder is matched with the central through hole of the shell and is fixed in the central through hole, and the rear part of the rear hydraulic cylinder is a connector.
3. The roll-off compounding device of claim 2, wherein: the front end of the front piston rod is connected with a ball screw adjusting mechanism, the ball screw adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod coaxial with the shell and a nut, the nut is fixed at the front end of the front piston rod and is rotationally connected with the rear end of the screw rod, and a handle shaft sleeve for enabling the screw rod to rotate is sleeved on the periphery of the front end of the screw rod.
4. A roll-off compounding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the handle shaft sleeve front end is fixedly provided with a handheld sleeve, the handle shaft sleeve is provided with a screw axial positioning structure, the screw axial positioning structure comprises two round nuts in threaded connection with the outer peripheral surface of the handle shaft sleeve and cylindrical pins radially arranged along the handle shaft sleeve, the inner ends of the cylindrical pins are inserted into the front end of the screw, the outer ends of the cylindrical pins are positioned outside the handle shaft sleeve and between the two round nuts, the handle shaft sleeve is provided with a rectangular opening corresponding to the cylindrical pins, the length direction of the opening is parallel to the axis of the handle shaft sleeve, and the width of the opening is matched with the outer diameter of the cylindrical pins.
5. The roll-off compounding device of claim 4, wherein: the novel handle is characterized by further comprising an end cover fixed at the front end of the shell, the rear end of the handle shaft sleeve is positioned in a through hole in the middle of the end cover, a bearing sleeved on the rear end of the handle shaft sleeve is arranged in the through hole in the middle of the end cover, and a bearing cover is fixedly arranged at the front side of the end cover.
6. The roll-off compounding device of claim 1, wherein: protrusions corresponding to the shifting fork are arranged at the left end and the right end of the supporting frame; the shifting fork comprises a transverse section and a vertical section, the transverse section is in contact with the short shaft, the spring is sleeved on the vertical section and is positioned between the transverse section and the bulge, and a groove matched with the inner end of the vertical section is formed in the bulge.
CN201810748665.9A 2018-07-10 2018-07-10 Deep hole scraping and rolling composite device for bidirectional machining Active CN108673151B (en)

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CN109163084A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-08 南京康尼精密机械有限公司 A kind of automatic anti-backlash worm wheel worm structure and its processing method and the gap method that disappears
CN116532911B (en) * 2023-07-06 2023-09-08 太原理工大学 Rolling machining device with variable rolling depth

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CN102152118A (en) * 2010-12-29 2011-08-17 德州普利森机床有限公司 Automatically expanding and shrinking scraping-rolling combined deep hole cutter
CN201922250U (en) * 2010-12-30 2011-08-10 德州普利森机床有限公司 Processing device for deep hole
CN202556059U (en) * 2012-03-16 2012-11-28 德州普利森机床有限公司 Deep-hole machining cutting tool
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