CN108667956A - A kind of IP address pond management method in 5G systems - Google Patents
A kind of IP address pond management method in 5G systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108667956A CN108667956A CN201810473788.6A CN201810473788A CN108667956A CN 108667956 A CN108667956 A CN 108667956A CN 201810473788 A CN201810473788 A CN 201810473788A CN 108667956 A CN108667956 A CN 108667956A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- slice
- address
- management
- network
- user
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/50—Address allocation
- H04L61/5061—Pools of addresses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0893—Assignment of logical groups to network elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/50—Address allocation
- H04L61/5007—Internet protocol [IP] addresses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
Scheme provided by the invention is based on the follow-on 5G network architectures, considers that the system that access net is merged with core net, the part network element at least in core net move down into access net.It is main to consider uRLLC scenes, in order to reduce time delay end to end, meet the reliability of data transmission simultaneously, the part network element (such as GW includes S/P GW) of core net moves down into access net, access net is by the ability with independent IP address management and distribution and routing in this way, but directly influence is that the management of its IP address pond will be different from traditional LTE network to one brought that moves down of GW.Main difference is embodied in, follow-on 5G networks, which are based on NFV/SDN, will dynamically create each slice network, slice network in being netted due to access needs to create and delete in real time as needed, and the influence brought, which is the network element in each slice network, to be created and delete as needed.Therefore, the distribution in the IP address pond of GW will be managed dynamically as needed including dynamic creation, be dynamically distributed, adjustment and recycling etc..The present invention program is to be proposed a solution based on the above framework.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mobile communication technology fields, more particularly, to the IP address pond manager in a kind of 5G systems
Method.
Background technology
As wireless communication is changed into present data service, wireless communication system access from traditional real time voice traffic
Terminal number and transmission rate with geometric growth.It is next-generation in order to meet the needs of wireless communication is explosive
5G communication networks need the more extensive type of service of support and provide preferably covering and high quality compared to current 4G
Service, the transmission rate such as bigger and lower time delay end to end.It is next-generation in face of the different demands of various businesses type
5G networks all types of service are mainly incorporated into as three classes application scenarios：The first is the evolution towards the big bandwidth of big flow
The mobile broadband eMBB (evolved mobile broadband) of property；Second of referred to as extremely low time delay uRLLC (ultra
Reliable low latency communication), it is mainly directed towards the business such as automatic Pilot and factory lines control；
The third is the business that internet of things oriented possesses magnanimity sensor, referred to as mMTC (massive machine type
communications).In order to support the needs of the above business not of the same race, 5G that will use and be based on NFV/SDN (network simultaneously
Function virtualization, Software defined network) etc. technologies slice network.So-called slice net
Network is relatively independent in logic logical subnetwork network.Each sub- slice is based on NFV/SDN technical operation in same hardware platform,
But each slice is mutual indepedent.According to the demand of user, each slice will have independent life cycle, the grade of service (Quality of
Service, QoS) security mechanism, safety and SLA (Service level agreement service-level agreements) etc..
In 5G systems, for uRLLC business, need to meet end-to-end (End-to-end) upstream or downstream 1ms when
Prolong.The reliability of guarantee system communication is needed simultaneously, such as ensures the bit error rate 10-6Below.Here time delay refers mainly to data surface
Time delay, i.e. time delay of the data from server to user include the processing delay etc. of propagation delay time and agreement.Existing LTE systems
The control plane time delay of system is more than 10ms in 100ms or so, the time delay of user plane.In order to meet the delay requirement of 5G harshnesses, need
Improvement is made to existing system.
Existing LTE system is broadly divided into wireless access network (Radio access network, RAN) and core net
(Core Network,CN).Therefore, time delay includes access net and core net two parts processing delay and access net and core
Data transmission delay between net.In order to reduce Time Delay of Systems, there is a large amount of document to propose the partial function entity of core net
(such as gateway Gateway, GW) merges with access net, or the partial function entity of core net is moved down into access net and is connect with reducing
The processing delay of the propagation delay time and protocol stack that network between core net.
After GW moves down into access net, access net will support the ability of user data routing without passing through core with independent
Heart net is linked into Internet network.The function of core net before access net will be completed at this time, as IP address is distributed and is carried
Establish etc..But the distribution of IP address needs GW to possess IP address database, i.e. IP address pond, the management in relation to IP address with
And the management in IP address pond is not related in the access net of LTE, so needing to consider in 5G systems.It considers simultaneously
URLLC needs the support of 5G slice networks, and being sliced network is dynamic creation as needed and deletes, it is therefore desirable to consider GW
Move down into the dynamic management in IP address pond after RAN.
The framework of existing LTE system is as shown in Figure 1, it is divided into access net, also referred to as E-UTRAN (Evolved in LTE
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) and core net, it is known as EPC (Evolved Packet in LTE
Core), wherein EPC includes MME, S/P-GW etc..P-GW therein is responsible for the management and distribution of the IP address of user.In LTE
In system, the IP address pond of the P-GW in core net is to be allocated in advance by system manager When building their networks, consider because
It is known as maximum number of users and load.So its IP address pond is static relatively, it can not dynamic regulation.And in 5G, due to
Consider that GW moves down into access net side, and 5G uses the technology based on NFV/SDN, access net side that can be directed to different business and need
It asks dynamic establishment and deletes network, the method in this static allocation IP address pond cannot be satisfied the dynamic pipe of 5G networks in LTE
IP address pond demand is managed, needs to improve.
For the management method in the static ip address pond of prior wireless network, patent US00885.0067B2, which is proposed, to be based on
The IP address pond management method of linear dynamic programming/STOCHASTIC CONTROL.It is specific as shown in Fig. 2, the patent consider first by user into
Row sub-clustering, and priority division is carried out to cluster, in considering each cluster the service request number of user, IP address pond occupancy with
And the advanced and lag time etc. of network peak, IP is allocated management of based on the method for linear optimization or STOCHASTIC CONTROL
Address pool, to achieve the purpose that dynamic management optimization IP address pond.Although this scheme is using dynamic IP address allocation pond
The management of scheme optimization IP address, improves the allocative efficiency of IP address, but its scope of application is still confined to LTE and similar
The network architecture, be not suitable for following 5G networks.In following 5G networks, since this method does not consider the dynamic of 5G networks
The framework that access net is merged with core net is created, using relatively limited.
Invention content
Scheme provided by the invention is based on the follow-on 5G network architectures, considers the system that access net is merged with core net,
Part network element at least in core net moves down into access net.It is main to consider uRLLC scenes, when in order to reduce end to end
Prolong, while meeting the reliability of data transmission, the part network element (such as GW includes S/P-GW) of core net moves down into access net, in this way
Net is accessed by the ability with independent IP address management and distribution and routing, but GW to move down one brought straight
The influence connect is that the management of its IP address pond will be different from traditional LTE network.Main difference is embodied in, follow-on 5G
Network, which is based on NFV/SDN, will dynamically create each slice network, and the slice network in being netted due to access needs real-time as needed
Establishment and deletion, the influence brought be it is each slice network in network element will create and delete as needed.Therefore,
The distribution in the IP address pond of GW will be managed dynamically as needed including dynamic creation, be dynamically distributed, adjustment and recycling etc..
The present invention program is to be proposed a solution based on the above framework.
To realize the above goal of the invention, the technical solution adopted is that：
A kind of IP address pond management method in 5G systems, includes the following steps：
S100. slice management with arranging unit according to the request of user come determines be create slice, slice reconfigure or
Slice is deleted；
Step 101：
1) request is generated if it is slice, at this point, slice management is generated with arranging unit according to the QoS or SLA of user
Corresponding slice, the type of slice are determined by the type of service of user；
2) if it is slice reconfiguration request, slice management changes phase with arranging unit according to user new QoS or SLA
The slice answered；
3) if it is slice removal request, slice management is sliced with arranging unit according to the request of user deletion is corresponding；
Step 102：
1) if it is new slice is generated, the IP address pond for allocating out slice network in advance, IP address distribution stream are needed
Journey is as shown in step S201~S203；
2) if it is slice reconfiguration request, slice management is corresponding according to new QoS or SLA modifications with arranging unit
It is sliced while changing corresponding IP address pond；
3) if it is slice removal request, slice management is with the arranging unit IP that recycling slice occupies after deletion is sliced
Location pond；
Step S201：Slice manages the QoS/SLA information according to user with arranging unit, while going through based on slice warehouse
History data, such as maximum number of users, line duration of user etc. new are sliced or modified come what is established needed for predicting
IP address number needed for slice, usage time of User IP etc.；
Step S202：Corresponding IP address pond is distributed to the request of IP address management allocation unit；
Step S203：Corresponding IP address is provided, includes the number of IP address, the service life of IP, the type of IP address,
IPv/IPv6 establishes slice simultaneously.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Organization Chart of LTE system.
Fig. 2 is the management schematic diagram in the IP address pond of the prior art.
Fig. 3 is follow-on 5G network architecture diagrams.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that core network part functional network element moves down into access net.
Fig. 5 is the main flow chart of IP address management.
Fig. 6 is the allocation process diagram in IP address pond.
Specific implementation mode
The attached figures are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitating the patent；
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Scheme provided by the invention is based on 5G frameworks, and 5G will be sliced network based on NFV/SDN to establish logic, and block diagram is such as
Shown in Fig. 3.The bottom is base hardware platform, including access net and core net, and in 5G, access net is all made of cloud with core net
Framework, that is, the realization for accessing net and core net are based on cloud.It is software virtual level, including various controls on hardware platform
Device, such as SDN controllers, storage control and computing controller, these controllers control bottom by dedicated interface API
Physical hardware.It is slice management and arranging unit on herein, customizes various slice networks according to the demand of user, and will
General slice module is stored in slice warehouse to accelerate the foundation and adjustment of slice network, in this layer, for access
Net has corresponding slice controller with core net.
Follow-on 5G networks propose the concept that is merged with core net of access net come when shortening transmission for uRLLC scenes
Prolong and the processing delay of protocol stack, the framework that access net is merged with core net are illustrated in fig. 4 shown below.The wherein part net of core net
First entity moves down into access net and shortens the time delay of data surface in order to support local disposition, is based on this framework, and RAN will have
IP is distributed and routing function, data will may not need by core net, and the data of user are routed to local disposition by oneself
Server.The scene of this application will be more common in 5G, such as the Pipeline control of the automation in Industry Control, due to
Each factory is likely to server disposition in local, in local workshop and computer room, in this scene, if data are through too far
The core net of journey returns again will waste a large amount of time, and the reliability by the data flow of Backbone Transport is difficult to ensure,
Local disposition can not only reduce time delay, but also be conducive to improve the reliability of data transmission.
The problem of local disposition is brought is that local gateway needs to allocate IP address pond in advance, this is in traditional LTE systems
It is allocated in advance in system.Although can also in this way, since 5G is the IP based on NFV/SDN in 5G
Location pond may need to distribute and adjust in real time, and the slice network lifecycle in RAN is more likely needed to be withdrawn after terminating.IP
The management in location pond can not possibly be completed by the GW of local disposition, because before slice network is established, this entity is not present, because
This needs the solid element than GW higher to complete, and in 5G networks, this function should be by slice control and layout in RAN
It is the most suitable that unit is completed.I.e. before slice is established, slice control has allocated corresponding IP address in advance with arranging unit needs
Pond, after slice establishes, by corresponding IP address notice in detail to the established GW being locally sliced in order to which it is later
User request in distribute IP address.Its flow is illustrated in fig. 5 shown below：
S100. slice management with arranging unit according to the request of user come determines be create slice, slice reconfigure or
Slice is deleted；
Step 101：
1) request is generated if it is slice, at this point, slice management is generated with arranging unit according to the QoS or SLA of user
Corresponding slice, the type of slice are determined by the type of service of user；
2) if it is slice reconfiguration request, slice management changes phase with arranging unit according to user new QoS or SLA
The slice answered；
3) if it is slice removal request, slice management is sliced with arranging unit according to the request of user deletion is corresponding；
Step 102：
1) if it is new slice is generated, the IP address pond for allocating out slice network in advance, IP address distribution stream are needed
Journey is as shown in Figure 6；
2) if it is slice reconfiguration request, slice management is corresponding according to new QoS or SLA modifications with arranging unit
It is sliced while changing corresponding IP address pond；
3) if it is slice removal request, slice management is with the arranging unit IP that recycling slice occupies after deletion is sliced
Location pond；
Step 200：Mainly it receives the QoS/SLA information of user with arranging unit for slice management, to determining IP
The distribution foundation in location pond；
Step 201：Slice management can be according to the Qo/SLA information of user, such as user wherein included with arranging unit
The number of service, type of service of service etc. determine required IP address number, the usage time etc. of IP address, while being based on cutting
The historical data in piece warehouse, to predict the IP address number needed for the required new slice established or modified slice.Prediction
Method can be the data based on history and consider the QoS demand of user, using standard prediction technique for example autoregression slide
The method of the method or machine learning of average method or convex optimization, such as linear regression and polynomial regression；
Step 202：Corresponding IP address pond is distributed to the request of IP address management allocation unit,；
Step 203：Corresponding IP address is provided, includes the number of IP address, the service life of IP, the type of IP address,
IPv/IPv6, while establishing slice.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention made by within the spirit and principle of invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (1)
1. the IP address pond management method in a kind of 5G systems, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
S100. slice management determines it is to create slice with arranging unit according to the request of user, and slice is reconfigured or is sliced
It deletes；
Step 101：
1) request is generated if it is slice, at this point, slice manages the service quality QoS according to user with arranging unit, or clothes
Level protocol of being engaged in SLA generates corresponding slice, and the type of slice is determined by the type of service of user；
2) if it is slice reconfiguration request, slice management is corresponding according to user's new QoS or SLA modification with arranging unit
Slice；
3) if it is slice removal request, slice management is sliced with arranging unit according to the request of user deletion is corresponding；
Step 102：
1) if it is new slice is generated, the IP address pond for allocating out slice network in advance is needed, IP address allocation flow is such as
Shown in step S201~S203；
2) if it is slice reconfiguration request, slice management is sliced with arranging unit according to new QoS or SLA modifications are corresponding
Change corresponding IP address pond simultaneously；
3) if it is slice removal request, slice management and the arranging unit IP address that recycling slice occupies after deletion is sliced
Pond；
Step 201：Slice manages the Qo/SLA information according to user with arranging unit, while based on the history number in slice warehouse
According to predict the IP address number needed for the required new slice established or modified slice；
Step 202：Corresponding IP address pond is distributed to the request of IP address management allocation unit；
Step 203：Corresponding IP address is provided, slice is established.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810473788.6A CN108667956B (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2018-05-17 | IP address pool management method in 5G system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810473788.6A CN108667956B (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2018-05-17 | IP address pool management method in 5G system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108667956A true CN108667956A (en) | 2018-10-16 |
| CN108667956B CN108667956B (en) | 2021-03-23 |
Family
ID=63776143
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810473788.6A Active CN108667956B (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2018-05-17 | IP address pool management method in 5G system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108667956B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020087578A1 (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-07 | 东莞理工学院 | Access method in 5g system |
| CN114900499A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-12 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | IP address allocation method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115941648A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-04-07 | 中盈优创资讯科技有限公司 | Device for managing IPV4 life cycle |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110099293A1 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-04-28 | Verizon Patent And Licensing, Inc. | Internet protocol (ip) address pool management and allocation |
| CN106341832A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-18 | ***通信集团公司 | Network slice management and selection method and system, base station and route switching equipment |
| CN106375987A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-02-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for selecting network slice |
| CN106572516A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-04-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Network slice selection method, terminal equipment and network equipment |
| CN107231384A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-03 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of ddos attack detection defence method cut into slices towards 5g networks and system |
| US20170332421A1 (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-16 | Convida Wireless, Llc | Connecting to Virtualized Mobile Core Networks |
| CN107517488A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | The method and apparatus of Message processing |
| CN107770794A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2018-03-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of network section collocation method and device |
-
2018
- 2018-05-17 CN CN201810473788.6A patent/CN108667956B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110099293A1 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-04-28 | Verizon Patent And Licensing, Inc. | Internet protocol (ip) address pool management and allocation |
| CN106341832A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-18 | ***通信集团公司 | Network slice management and selection method and system, base station and route switching equipment |
| CN106375987A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-02-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for selecting network slice |
| US20170332421A1 (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-16 | Convida Wireless, Llc | Connecting to Virtualized Mobile Core Networks |
| CN107517488A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | The method and apparatus of Message processing |
| CN107770794A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2018-03-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of network section collocation method and device |
| CN106572516A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-04-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Network slice selection method, terminal equipment and network equipment |
| CN107231384A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-03 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of ddos attack detection defence method cut into slices towards 5g networks and system |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| YOUNG-IL CHOI, NOIK PARK: "Slice Architecture for 5G Core Network", 《IEEE》 * |
| 黄妙娜，陈军，任斌: "MIMO-OFDM 网络中功率控制与波束赋形联合优化", 《北京邮电大学学报》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020087578A1 (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-07 | 东莞理工学院 | Access method in 5g system |
| CN114900499A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-12 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | IP address allocation method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN114900499B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-10-03 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | IP address allocation method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115941648A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-04-07 | 中盈优创资讯科技有限公司 | Device for managing IPV4 life cycle |
| CN115941648B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-05-14 | 中盈优创资讯科技有限公司 | IPV4 life cycle management device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108667956B (en) | 2021-03-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2022021176A1 (en) | Cloud-edge collaborative network resource smooth migration and restructuring method and system | |
| EP3304826B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for data analytics management | |
| US10574586B2 (en) | Method and system for self-adaptive bandwidth control of CDN platform | |
| US9088803B2 (en) | Software defined joint bandwidth provisioning and cache management for MBH video traffic optimization | |
| CN113364850B (en) | Software-defined cloud-edge collaborative network energy consumption optimization method and system | |
| WO2018016043A1 (en) | Resource management apparatus, resource management method and program | |
| US10993127B2 (en) | Network slice instance management method, apparatus, and system | |
| CN112020103A (en) | Content cache deployment method in mobile edge cloud | |
| CN108667956A (en) | A kind of IP address pond management method in 5G systems | |
| KR20150000160A (en) | Method for deploying network using distributed virtual switch, apparatus for perfoming the same and network system based on distributed virtual switch | |
| CN108600101A (en) | A kind of network for the optimization of end-to-end time delay performance services cross-domain method of combination | |
| CN108924849A (en) | A kind of session connection method for building up and control plane network element | |
| Kim et al. | A location‐aware network virtualization and reconfiguration for 5G core network based on SDN and NFV | |
| Banchs et al. | A novel radio multiservice adaptive network architecture for 5G networks | |
| CN104539744A (en) | Two-stage media edge cloud scheduling method and two-stage media edge cloud scheduling device | |
| WO2020185132A1 (en) | Method and current edge cloud manager for controlling resources | |
| CN107027134A (en) | A kind of user-defined radio communication network side method and system | |
| CN105764097A (en) | Resource allocation method and device | |
| CN111064666B (en) | Networking method and device | |
| EP2987285B1 (en) | A method and apparatus for optimising telecommuncation services | |
| Claeys et al. | Hybrid multi-tenant cache management for virtualized ISP networks | |
| WO2019218294A1 (en) | Ip address pool management method in 5g system | |
| Shuai et al. | A cost-based distributed algorithm for load balancing in content delivery network | |
| CN105637906B (en) | A kind of network architecture method, a kind of method for distributing business and relevant apparatus | |
| Lavanya et al. | Fog computing based radio access network in 5G wireless communications |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |