CN108666584A - A kind of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108666584A CN108666584A CN201810333637.0A CN201810333637A CN108666584A CN 108666584 A CN108666584 A CN 108666584A CN 201810333637 A CN201810333637 A CN 201810333637A CN 108666584 A CN108666584 A CN 108666584A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/9083—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of nano material more particularly to a kind of Co N C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts and its preparation method and application.Wherein, the method for preparing Co N C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, includes the following steps:S1:Cobalt chloride and organic amine are scattered in absolute ethyl alcohol, mixed-powder is obtained after ultrasound, dry and milled processed;S2:The mixed-powder that S1 is obtained is calcined under atmosphere of inert gases, carries out sour processing after calcining again, obtains Co N C/ carbon nanotubes.The mixture by simple high temperature pyrolysis nickel chloride and organic amine of this method initiative, that is, be prepared Co N C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, carbon material need not be used as presoma, greatly reduce cost.And the carbon nanotube function admirable in the Co N C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts being prepared.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nano material more particularly to a kind of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts and its preparations
Methods and applications.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is a kind of novel energy device directly converting chemical energy to electric energy, has ring
Protect, energy density is high, transformation efficiency is high, fuel diversification, reliability is high and starts the advantages that fast, to reducing carbon emission and structure
There is particularly important meaning in clean energy resource society.Currently, fuel battery cathode with proton exchange film oxygen reduction reaction needs to consume
A large amount of platinum based catalyst.And platinum based catalyst is expensive, reserves are limited and easy poisoning, therefore strongly limit proton exchange
Large-scale application of the membrane cell in commercialization.So the base metal cathodic oxygen reduction catalyst of exploitation Cheap highly effective is then
It is the key point that can above-mentioned two technologies realize large-scale practical application.
In recent years, metal-nitrogen-carbons (M-N-C, M indicate transition metal element) composite catalyst is thought by educational circles
It is most promising noble metal catalyst substitute and obtains extensive concern.The preparation of traditional metal-nitrogen-carbons catalyst is logical
It is often by three kinds of metal, nitrogen, carbon precursor mixture high-temperature calcinations, pickling later obtains catalyst.Wherein metal precursor packet
Metal salt or metallo-organic compound are included, nitrogen presoma can be organic amine either ammonia, and carbon matrix precursor includes carbon black, activity
The carbon materials such as charcoal, graphite, carbon nanotube, graphene.The U.S. I not this experiment Zelenay seminars design a kind of typical case
Preparation method is as follows:Aniline is mixed with metal salt at 4 DEG C, polymerization generates polyaniline, and the section of high-specific surface area is added later
Black qin is carbon carrier, and by mixture high temperature pyrolysis, pickling obtains Fe-N-C or Co-N-C catalyst.As it can be seen that traditional preparation methods
Process is complicated, reaction condition is harsher, must especially use carbon material as presoma, and carbon material itself prepare complexity,
Cost is not low, this will greatly improve the overall cost of catalyst.By taking presoma carbon nanotube as an example, generally useization is prepared
Vapour deposition process is learned, preparation process is complicated, of high cost, and several members of price of every gram of carbon nanotube are differed to hundreds of yuan.
In conclusion the method for preparing transition metal-nitrogen-carbons catalyst at present, there are processes complicated, reaction condition compared with
Carbon carrier must be used in the problems such as harsh, especially presoma, significantly increase the cost of catalyst preparation.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, what one aspect of the present invention was initiative, which provide, a kind of preparing Co-N-C/ carbon nanotubes
The method of catalyst without using carbon material as presoma, but generates carbon nanotube simultaneously during catalyst preparation,
The cost for reducing catalyst preparation improves the performance of catalyst.This method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1:Cobalt chloride and organic amine are scattered in absolute ethyl alcohol, mixed powder is obtained after ultrasound, dry and milled processed
End;
S2:The mixed-powder that S1 is obtained is calcined under atmosphere of inert gases, sour processing is carried out after calcining again, obtains
Co-N-C/ carbon nanotubes.
Further, in S1, the organic amine is one or any group in melamine, dicyandiamide and cyanamide
It closes.
Further, in S1, the mass ratio of the cobalt chloride and organic amine is 2:(1-4).
Further, in S1, sonication treatment time 15-30min;The temperature of drying process is 80-110 DEG C, dry
Time is 12-24h.
It is furthermore preferred that sonication treatment time is 25min in the S1.
Further, in S2, the temperature program of calcination processing is:It is warming up to 650- with the heating rate of 6-10 DEG C/min
1000 DEG C, calcination time 1-3h.
Consider the influence that calcination parameter fills nickel nitrogen doped carbon nanotube, it is preferred that temperature program when calcining is:
800 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 6 DEG C/min, calcination time 2h.
Preferably, the inert gas is Ar, N2, one kind in He.
Further, the acid, which is handled, is:Inorganic acid pickling is used at normal temperatures.
Preferably, the inorganic acid is the one or any combination in hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
A concentration of 0.5-2mol/L of the inorganic acid, sour processing time are 12-24h.The purpose of acid processing is to remove
The metal oxide generated in calcination process, to form Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts.
It is furthermore preferred that the inorganic acid is the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 0.5-2mol/L.
Preferably, it after the completion of acid processing, then filtered, washed and drying and other steps, obtain Co-N-C/ carbon nanotubes
Catalyst.
Second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts that the above method is prepared.
Third aspect of the present invention discloses above-mentioned Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts answering in field of nanometer material technology
With.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the initiative mixture by simple high temperature pyrolysis nickel chloride and organic amine of the present invention, is prepared Co-N-
C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts need not use carbon material as presoma, greatly reduce cost compared with conventional method;
(2) preparation method of the invention is simple, and raw material sources are extensive, and required equipment requirement is low, and yield is high, is expected to
It accomplishes scale production;
(3) length of carbon nanotube in the Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts obtained by the present invention is than more uniform, caliber ratio
More uniform, surface has a large amount of fold, has larger specific surface area, contains a large amount of meso-hole structure;
(4) the Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts obtained by the present invention have excellent hydrogen reduction electrocatalysis characteristic, and steady
It is qualitative to be higher than platinum based catalyst.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is scanning electron microscope (SEM) figure of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts in embodiment 2;
Fig. 2 is electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) figure of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts in embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is the SEM figures of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts in embodiment 3;
Fig. 4 is X-ray diffraction (XRD) figure of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts in embodiment 3;
Fig. 5 is the N of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts in embodiment 32Adsorption desorption curve graph;
Fig. 6 is the SEM figures of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts in embodiment 4;
Fig. 7 is the XRD diagram of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts in embodiment 4;
Fig. 8 is Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalyst cyclic voltammetry curve figures in embodiment 4.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of novel Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts composite materials, and provide its preparation side
Method.It is that attached drawing is combined to invention is more fully described using specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1:Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts are prepared by carbon nitrogen source of dicyandiamide
S1:By the CoCl of 2.0g2·6H2O and 1.0g dicyandiamides are scattered in 20ml absolute ethyl alcohols, ultrasonic disperse 25min,
Dry 12h under conditions of 110 DEG C, until it is completely dried, grinds to obtain powder mixture;
S2:Mixture is put into porcelain boat, sets it in high temperature process furnances, nitrogen is passed through with the rate of 160ml/min, with
The heating rate of 6 DEG C/min is warming up to 650 DEG C, and heat preservation 3h postcoolings grind to obtain black powder material to room temperature;
S3:Black powder is put into the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 1mol/L of 10mL, 12h is stirred under room temperature, filters drying
Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, the quality 0.41g of final product.
Embodiment 2:Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts are prepared by carbon nitrogen source of melamine
S1:By the CoCl of 2.0g2·6H2O and 4.0g melamines are scattered in 20ml absolute ethyl alcohols, ultrasonic disperse
25min is dried under conditions of 80 DEG C for 24 hours, until it is completely dried, grinds to obtain powder mixture;
S2:Mixture is put into porcelain boat, sets it in high temperature process furnances, nitrogen is passed through with the rate of 130ml/min, with
The heating rate of 7 DEG C/min is warming up to 700 DEG C, and heat preservation 2h postcoolings grind to obtain black powder material to room temperature;
S3:Black powder is put into the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 1mol/L of 10mL, is stirred under room temperature for 24 hours, filter drying
Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts.The quality 0.82g of final product.
The SEM of gained Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalyst samples as shown in Figure 1, sample mainly with a large amount of fold,
The carbon nanotube of a diameter of 100nm or so, cleaner free from admixture.The EPMA of sample divides as shown in Fig. 2 and table 1 from body phase
The content of analysis, cobalt is 3.24%, and the content of nitrogen is 0.4%.As a result illustrate the material, there are Co-N-C, prepared in carbon nanotube
For Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts.
The EPMA test results of 1 sample of table
Element | C | N | Co | O |
Mass content % | 93.63 | 0.40 | 3.24 | 2.73 |
Embodiment 3:Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts are prepared by carbon nitrogen source of melamine
S1:By the CoCl of 2.0g2·6H2O and 4.0g melamines are scattered in 20ml absolute ethyl alcohols, ultrasonic disperse
25min, under conditions of 80 DEG C it is dry for 24 hours, grind to obtain powder mixture;
S2:Powder mixture is put into porcelain boat, sets it in high temperature process furnances, is passed through with the rate of 120ml/min
Nitrogen is warming up to 800 DEG C with the heating rate of 6 DEG C/min, and heat preservation 2h postcoolings grind to obtain black powder material to room temperature;
S3:Black powder is put into the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 1mol/L of 10mL, stirring stirring 12h, filters drying under room temperature
Up to Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, the quality 0.88g of final product.
The SEM of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalyst samples obtained by above-mentioned preparation method schemes as shown in figure 3, from picture
In as it can be seen that carbon nano tube surface has a large amount of fold in sample obtained, surface is clean, and purity is high, and carbon nanotube diameter is
100nm or so, and yield is high.The results are shown in Figure 4 by the XRD of the sample, the results showed that Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalyst samples
Also contain a certain amount of cobalt oxide.The BET of its pickling can measure specific surface area as shown in figure 5, for typical mesoporous material
111.6224m2/ g, aperture 5.8757nm.Data show that the sample specific surface area and aperture are larger, are conducive in catalytic process
Mass transfer and electron transmission.
Embodiment 4:Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts are prepared by carbon nitrogen source of melamine
S1:By the CoCl of 2.0g2·6H2O and 4.0g melamines are scattered in 20ml absolute ethyl alcohols, ultrasonic disperse
25min, dry 18h under conditions of 95 DEG C, until its be completely dried after, grind to obtain powder mixture;
S2:Powder mixture is put into porcelain boat, sets it in high temperature process furnances, is passed through with the rate of 100ml/min
Nitrogen is warming up to 900 DEG C with the heating rate of 8 DEG C/min, and heat preservation 2h postcoolings grind to obtain black powder material to room temperature;
S3:Black powder is put into the hydrochloric acid that 10mL substance withdrawl syndromes are 1mol/L, 12h is stirred under room temperature, filtered
Drying Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts.The quality 0.89g of final product.
The SEM of obtained Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalyst samples is as shown in fig. 6, sample made from visible in picture
Middle carbon nanotube diameter is 100nm or so, and there are a large amount of folds, cleaner free from admixture in surface.The above method prepares the sample of gained
The results are shown in Figure 7 by the XRD of product, the results showed that the cobalt element in Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalyst samples is mainly with cobalt oxide
Form exist.
Embodiment 5:Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts are prepared by carbon nitrogen source of cyanamide
S1:By the CoCl of 2.0g2·6H2O and 3.0g cyanamides are scattered in 20ml absolute ethyl alcohols, ultrasonic disperse 25min,
It is dried for 24 hours, until it is completely dried, grinds to obtain powder mixture under conditions of 80 DEG C;
S2:Mixture is put into porcelain boat, sets it in high temperature process furnances, nitrogen is passed through with the rate of 130ml/min, with
The heating rate of 10 DEG C/min is warming up to 1000 DEG C, and heat preservation 1h postcoolings grind to obtain black powder material to room temperature;
S3:Black powder is put into the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 1mol/L of 10mL, 18h is stirred under room temperature, filters drying
Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, the quality 0.70g of final product.
Embodiment 6
Using 4 gained sample of above-described embodiment as experimental group, business Pt/C catalyst adds respectively as a control group, by them
Enter in 1M KOH solutions, reaction condition is identical, hydrogen reduction electro-catalysis test is carried out using cyclic voltammetry, as a result such as Fig. 8
It is shown.As a result as it can be seen that the take-off potential and Pt/C of Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts are similar, and hydrogen reduction peak point current is then
Bigger illustrates that Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts produced by the invention have excellent hydrogen reduction electrocatalysis characteristic.
Above example is illustrated to preparation method of the present invention, wherein the preparation method of the present invention is not restricted to
Above-described embodiment.Other are any to be consistent with preparation principle of the present invention, operating principle and operates similar method or in the present invention
Research preparation is substantially made the operations such as similar modification, replacement, combination and is accordingly to be regarded as in the range of prepared by present invention research.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method preparing Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
S1:Cobalt chloride and organic amine are scattered in absolute ethyl alcohol, mixed-powder is obtained after ultrasound, dry and milled processed;
S2:The mixed-powder that S1 is obtained is calcined under atmosphere of inert gases, sour processing is carried out after calcining again, obtains Co-
N-C/ carbon nanotubes.
2. according to the method for preparing Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in S1,
The organic amine is the one or any combination in melamine, dicyandiamide and cyanamide.
3. according to the method for preparing Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in S1,
The mass ratio of the cobalt chloride and organic amine is 2:(1-4).
4. the method according to claim 1 for preparing Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, which is characterized in that in S1, surpass
The sonication time is 15-30min;The temperature of drying process is 80-110 DEG C, drying time 12-24h.
5. the method according to claim 1 for preparing Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, which is characterized in that in S2, forge
Burning the temperature program handled is:It is warming up to 650-1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 6-10 DEG C/min, calcination time 1-3h.
6. the method according to claim 1 for preparing Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, which is characterized in that the acid
Processing is:Inorganic acid pickling is used at normal temperatures.
7. the method according to claim 6 for preparing Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, which is characterized in that described inorganic
Acid is the one or any combination in hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
8. the method according to claim 7 for preparing Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts, which is characterized in that described inorganic
Acid is the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 0.5-2mol/L.
9. the Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts being prepared according to any one of claim 1-8 the methods.
10. application of the Co-N-C/ carbon nano-tube catalysts according to claim 9 in field of nanometer material technology.
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CN111468093A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-31 | 沈阳师范大学 | Preparation method of carbon nano tube monolithic catalyst |
CN111672529A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-09-18 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Nano-carbon-loaded cobalt nitrogen carbon catalytic material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN112142037A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-29 | 天津大学 | Cobalt and nitrogen doped carbon nano tube and preparation method and application thereof |
CN112897510A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 陕西科技大学 | Carbon nanotube with collapsed tube wall and application thereof |
CN112897509A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for in-situ growing carbon nano tube with collapsed tube wall by transition metal Ni catalysis |
CN113122872A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Cobalt and nitrogen doped carbon nanotube/carbon electrocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
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CN114507200A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2022-05-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for preparing 2, 5-furan diformate by heterogeneous catalysis |
CN112897510A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 陕西科技大学 | Carbon nanotube with collapsed tube wall and application thereof |
CN112897509A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-04 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for in-situ growing carbon nano tube with collapsed tube wall by transition metal Ni catalysis |
CN113122872A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Cobalt and nitrogen doped carbon nanotube/carbon electrocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181016 |