CN108660867A - A kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108660867A CN108660867A CN201810831212.2A CN201810831212A CN108660867A CN 108660867 A CN108660867 A CN 108660867A CN 201810831212 A CN201810831212 A CN 201810831212A CN 108660867 A CN108660867 A CN 108660867A
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- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane
- sleeper pad
- compound type
- type polyurethane
- barb
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 polyethylene backbone Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 38
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical group O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=CC=C21 ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-4-(4-isocyanato-3-methylphenyl)-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound C1=C(N=C=O)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N=C=O)=CC=2)=C1 ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005474 octanoate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001583 poly(oxyethylated polyols) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pads and preparation method thereof, the sleeper pad includes polyurethane foam, it is embedded with several reinforcing fibers in the polyurethane foam, the nonwoven layer for preventing being pierced through by railway ballast rubble is fixedly installed on the bottom face of polyurethane foam；The preparation method includes being laid with non-woven fabrics on the planar working table with side block, polyurethane combined material and reinforcing fiber being poured into a mould uniform, formation castable by the way that the casting machine of function is cut and be added with fiber；Castable is poured on the plane workbench for being equipped with non-woven fabrics, natural levelling；It is carried out at the same time foamable reaction and is formed by curing the fiber composite type polyurethane layer with microcellular structure, closely bonded with bottom non-woven fabrics and be formed as one compound type polyurethane sleeper pad.The present invention can solve sleeper pad on the basis of solving the problem of that railway ballast rubble dusting is fast and be pierced through by railway ballast rubble, to extend railway ballast rubble tamping cycle and plate knot of ballast bed time, reduce railway maintenance cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railway construction auxiliary member technical fields, especially a kind of that railway concrete is arranged on railway track
The sleeper pad and preparation method thereof of cushioning effect is played between sleeper and railway ballast rubble.
Background technology
Ballast track refers to the track that steel sub-rail foundation is stone matter shot railway roadbed, and also commonly referred to as ballast bed track is
One of principal mode of track structure has many advantages, such as that elasticity is good, cheap, replacement and repair is convenient, it is good to inhale characteristic of making an uproar,
Therefore using relatively broad.Ballast track mainly by rail, concrete sleeper and it is ballast bed constitute, concrete sleeper is located at
Ballast bed top, rail are positioned above perpendicular to concrete sleeper.
Currently, having the concrete sleeper of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. railway is directly placed on railway ballast rubble mostly, concrete sleeper and railway ballast
Rubble phase mutual friction, during train operation huge impact force can make railway ballast rubble dusting, the original road that corner angle are presented
The abrasion of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. rubble are at fillet rubble, and interlock capability reduces between railway ballast rubble, and the above problem will lead to that ballast layer is hardened, elastic drop
The problem of low, drainage performance reduces, railway roadbed shifts occurs, and influences the safe operation of train.In the prior art, problems are solved
Method be below concrete sleeper insertion one layer of rib slot（It is concave-convex）The rubber pad of structure or planar structure（Boots）Protective layer,
Railway ballast rubble pulverizing problem caused by reach buffering train operation vibration, but rubber product is wear-resisting, endurance quality is general, it is compacted
Become serious, service life is shorter；In addition, the rubber pad of planar structure（Boots）Resistant slide ability is poor, rib slot（It is concave-convex）Structure rubber
Rubber cushion（Boots）Although improving resistant slide ability, rib slot（It is concave-convex）Structural stress concentration problem is serious, accelerates rubber pad
（Boots）Protective layer is crushed damaged possibility, and rubber pad（Boots）It is placed on railway ballast rubble, the corner angle of railway ballast rubble are easily
Pierce through rubber pad（Boots）The problem of be still unable to get solution.
Polyurethane is a kind of novel, with excellent physical and chemical property high molecular material, there is outstanding damping and amortization
Energy and effectiveness in vibration suppression can be used alone or are used in combination with multiple material, be widely used to many aspects of the railway system, such as
Elastic polyurethane backing plate and ballast glue etc. under railroad bridge expansion joint polyurethane water-proof paint, WJ-8 type fastener iron chairs.Currently,
The country is also more about the polyurethane elastomeric materials report between rail and concrete sleeper, such as patent CN1696166A and
CN101942786 etc., also other expensive NDI, PPDI, TODI type microcellular polyurethane elastomers, such report are more
The elasticity of microvoid polyurethane is focused on, railway concrete upper layer vibration damping is suitable for, concrete upper layer elastane is direct
Railway ballast applied to lower layer protects, and can have plasticity deficiency, be difficult to maintain railroad track size geometrical stability and intolerant to puncture
The problems such as；Patent CN202530344U discloses application of the polyurethane material under concrete crosstie, is equally to describe emphatically
Polyurethane sleeper pad with fretting map structure, the defect of the mainly sleeper pad bullet poor performance of solution, not yet refers to sleeper pad
The protection question pierced through by railway ballast rubble.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the invention be to provide a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad with and preparation method thereof,
It solves the problem of to can effectively solve the problem that sleeper pad is pierced through by railway ballast rubble on the basis of railway ballast rubble dusting is fast, use
Reinforcing fiber reinforcement polyurethane material solves the problem of that conventional rail bolster intensity is low and is easily crushed to promote its cohesive strength.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
A kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, including polyurethane foam, embedded with several in the polyurethane foam
Reinforcing fiber is fixedly installed the nonwoven layer for preventing being pierced through by railway ballast rubble on the bottom face of polyurethane foam.
The top of a kind of above-mentioned compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, the polyurethane foam is embedded with skeleton, the skeleton
Including the latticed articulamentum made of cross bar and montant interconnection, the cross bar and montant infall of latticed articulamentum are arranged
There is Z axis barb vertically upward；The top barb of the Z axis barb stretches out polyurethane foam.
A kind of above-mentioned compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, the Z axis barb include column and the circular cone in column top are arranged
Barb, the diameter of circular cone barb bottom face are more than the outer diameter of column.
A kind of above-mentioned compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, the cross bar, montant and Z axis barb are structure as a whole.
A kind of above-mentioned compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, the compound type polyurethane being made of polyurethane foam and reinforcing fiber
Polyurethane foam is prepared by polyurethane combined material in layer；Wherein, reinforcing fiber accounts for the weight hundred of compound layer of polyurethane
Divide than being 5%-20%, the weight percent that polyurethane combined material accounts for compound layer of polyurethane is 80%-95%.
A kind of above-mentioned compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, the reinforcing fiber be short glass fiber, chopped carbon fiber or
Be chopped basalt fibre.
A kind of above-mentioned compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, the polyurethane combined material include following components in percentage by weight：
50% ~ 70% hydroxy component, 20% ~ 40% isocyanate component, 0.1% ~ 0.3% foaming agent, 0.03% ~ 0.1% catalyst
And 1.5% ~ 6% auxiliary agent.
A kind of above-mentioned compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, the skeleton are polyethylene backbone, polypropylene backbone, polyamide backbone
Or polyurethane skeleton.
A kind of preparation method of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, which is characterized in that specifically include following steps：
A. layer of non-woven fabric is laid on the planar working table with side block；
B. polyurethane combined material and reinforcing fiber are poured into a mould uniformly by the way that the casting machine of function is cut and be added with fiber, formation is poured
Material feeding；
C. the step B castables formed are poured on the plane workbench for being equipped with non-woven fabrics, natural levelling；It is carried out at the same time
Foamable reaction is simultaneously formed by curing the fiber composite type polyurethane layer with microcellular structure, and solidification while is close with bottom non-woven fabrics
It is bonded as one to form compound type polyurethane sleeper pad.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, which is characterized in that material feeding to be poured is in plane in step C
On workbench after levelling and before not being fully cured, the latticed articulamentum of skeleton is pressed into castable, and keep barb exposed
Outside, skeleton can be promptly wrapped to form to the compound type polyurethane sleeper pad with skeleton after material feeding to be poured is fully cured.
As a result of above technical scheme, the invention technological progress is as follows.
Sleeper pad prepared by the present invention is combined by polyurethane combined material and reinforcing fiber, has both elasticity and plasticity, modeling
Property to maintain railroad track size geometrical stability, elasticity is keeping railroad track size geometry to buffer train operation vibrations
While stability, solves the problems, such as that railway ballast rubble dusting is fast, extend railway ballast rubble tamping cycle, delayed railway roadbed
The hardened time reduces railway maintenance cost；The non-woven fabrics enhancement layer of its back setting is effectively solved directly facing railway ballast rubble
The pierced problem of sleeper pad of having determined；It links together with concrete crosstie in such a way that bonding or physics anchor are closed when use,
It can solve the slippage of concrete sleeper and sleeper pad.
Sleeper pad itself cohesive strength height prepared by the present invention, durability, resistance to tearing and wear-resisting property are stronger, simultaneously
Also there is good low-temperature flexibility, solve the problems, such as that rubber product low temperature is hardened, elasticity is deteriorated and durability is poor, be applied to
Between railway concrete rail and railway ballast rubble, having prevents the dusting of railway ballast rubble, reduces railway ballast repair and make firm by ramming week
Phase and the effect for promoting the railway operation service life.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of sleeper pad of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of skeleton of the present invention.
Wherein：1. polyurethane foam, 2. reinforcing fibers, 3. nonwoven layers, 4. skeletons, 41. cross bars, 42. montants, 43.Z
Axis barb.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be described in further detail.
A kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, structure is as shown in Figure 1, include polyurethane foam 1, polyurethane foam
In be embedded with several reinforcing fibers 2, nonwoven layer 3 is fixedly installed on the bottom face of polyurethane foam, for preventing sleeper
Pad is pierced through by railway ballast rubble.The sleeper pad main body of the present invention is the compound poly- ammonia being made of polyurethane foam and reinforcing fiber
Ester layer, the polyurethane foam are prepared by polyurethane combined material.
In compound layer of polyurethane, the weight percent that reinforcing fiber accounts for compound layer of polyurethane is 5%-20%, polyurethane
The weight percent that combination material accounts for compound layer of polyurethane is 80%-95%.It is combined by polyurethane combined material and reinforcing fiber
Compound layer of polyurethane has both elasticity and plasticity, is inserted between concrete crosstie and railway ballast rubble, can solve railway ballast rubble powder
Change fast problem, extend railway ballast rubble tamping cycle, maintains railway geometric dimension stability.
The reinforcing fiber be short glass fiber, chopped carbon fiber or chopped basalt fibre, it is preferably a diameter of
9um-13um, the glass fibre that length is 1mm-3mm.
The polyurethane combined material includes following components in percentage by weight：50% ~ 70% hydroxy component, 20% ~ 40%
Isocyanate component, 0.1% ~ 0.3% foaming agent, 0.03% ~ 0.1% catalyst and 1.5% ~ 6% auxiliary agent.
Wherein, hydroxy component includes 10% ~ 20% molecular weight polyether polyol a that is that 90 ~ 500, degree of functionality is 2 ~ 4, and 20%
~ 30% molecular weight is the polyether polyol b that 600 ~ 3000, degree of functionality is 2, and 20% ~ 30% molecular weight is 3000 ~ 8000, function
The polyether polyol c that degree is 2 ~ 4.Polyether polyol a is one in glycerine, trimethylolpropane, diethanol amine, triethanolamine
Kind, or with a kind of for the polyoxyethylated polyols of initiator, polyoxypropylene polyol and polypropylene oxide-oxygen in them
Change ethylene copolymer polyalcohol, polyether polyol a preferred molecular weights are 200 ~ 500 polyoxypropylene polyol, example in the present invention
Such as the polyether polyol 303 of goodization chemistry, the big polyethers MN-50 in blue star east, polyethers DV-125；Polyether polyol b is two degrees of functionality
Polyoxyethylene glycol, Polyoxypropylene diol, polypropylene oxide-ethylene oxide copolymerization dihydric alcohol, PolyTHF
Ether glycol, polycaprolactone diols or polycarbonate glycol, the present invention in polyether polyol b preferred molecular weights be 600 ~
2000 polypropylene oxide-ethylene oxide copolymerization dihydric alcohol, PolyTHF dihydric alcohol and polycaprolactone diols and they
Mixture, such as the PTHF1000 of BASF, Daicel chemistry PCL210, polyethers DL-1000D；Polyether polyol c is polyoxygenated
Propylene polyalcohol, polypropylene oxide-ethylene oxide polyol, the polymer polyatomic alcohol containing styrene and acrylonitrile, this hair
Polypropylene oxide-ethylene oxide the polyol and contain styrene that bright middle polyether polyol c preferred molecular weights are 4000 ~ 6000
With the polymer polyatomic alcohol of acrylonitrile, such as the polymer polyol of the eastern big HPOP40 of blue star, polyethers EP-3600, goodization chemistry
Alcohol 3628.
Isocyanate component is methyl diphenylene diisocyanate and its modified product or polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate
Cyanate, preferably polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates, such as ten thousand magnificent chemical PM200.Foaming agent is deionized water.Catalysis
Agent is the compound of organic tin and amine, and tin class is in stannous octoate, dibutyl tin laurate or dibutyltin diacetate
One kind, amine includes triethylenediamine, double（Dimethylaminoethyl）One kind in ether or dimorpholine base Anaesthetie Ether, it is organic
Dosage is 0.03% ~ 0.1% after tin class and amine compounding.
Auxiliary agent includes 0.5% ~ 2% polyurethane foam stabilizer, 0.5% ~ 2% weather-proof auxiliary agent, 0.5% ~ 2% pigment.Its
In, polyurethane foam stabilizer selects the beautiful AK 8805 for thinking Dehua and learning, weather-proof selection of auxiliary antioxidant 1010 and ultraviolet absorber
The compounding of UV-327, pigment select the one or more of iron oxide red, carbon black, titanium dioxide, phthalocyanine blue etc..
To prevent sleeper pad from being slid in concrete sleeper bottom, skeleton 4, bone have been embedded at the top of compound layer of polyurethane
The structure of frame is as shown in Fig. 2, include the latticed articulamentum made of 42 interconnection of cross bar 41 and montant, latticed articulamentum
Cross bar and montant infall be provided with Z axis barb 43 vertically upward；The top barb of Z axis barb 43 stretches out polyurethane foam
Layer.Z axis barb 43 includes column and the circular cone barb in column top is arranged, and the diameter of circular cone barb bottom face is more than column
Outer diameter.Z axis barb exposed parts can directly be pressed into uncured concrete sleeper when use, concrete sleeper solidification
Just the compound type polyurethane sleeper pad anchor is integrated afterwards.Cross bar 41, montant 42 and Z axis barb 43 are poly- second in the present invention
Integral structure made of alkene, polypropylene, polyamide or polyurethane one-pass molding, preferable polyamide backbone or polyurethane skeleton.
Nonwoven layer is directly contacted with railway ballast rubble, can effectively solve the problems, such as that sleeper pad is pierced；Nonwoven layer can be by
Polyethylene fibre non-woven fabrics, polypropylene fiber nonwoven cloth, pet fiber non-woven fabrics or Fypro
It is formed after non-woven fabrics is Nian Jie with compound layer of polyurethane, the preferred grammes per square metre of the present invention is the point line shape Fypro of 100g-250g
Non-woven fabrics.
The preparation method of above-mentioned compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, specifically includes following steps：
A. layer of non-woven fabric is laid on the planar working table with side block.
B. polyurethane combined material and reinforcing fiber are poured into a mould into uniform, shape by the way that the casting machine of function is cut and be added with fiber
At castable.
Polyurethane combined material prepare method be：First, successively by polyether polyol a, polyether polyol b, polyether polyols
Alcohol c, foaming agent, catalyst and auxiliary agent, which are added to, to be mixed in kettle, stirs 60min, barrelling Seal and preservation is configured to component A；
Take methyl diphenylene diisocyanate modified product or polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates as B component；Respectively by component A
The feed bin that the polyurethane casting machine for cutting and being added function with fiber is packed into B component is for use, thus prepares generating polyurethane group
Close material.
C. the step B castables formed are poured on the plane workbench for being equipped with non-woven fabrics, natural levelling；Simultaneously
Carry out foamable reaction and be simultaneously formed by curing the fiber composite type polyurethane layer with microcellular structure, while solidification with bottom non-woven fabrics
It closely bonds and is formed as one compound type polyurethane sleeper pad.After compound type polyurethane sleeper pad is made, cut according to use environment
It is cut into required shape.
Skeleton is such as added in compound layer of polyurethane, then in step C material feeding to be poured on planar working table after levelling
And before not being fully cured, the latticed articulamentum of skeleton is pressed into castable, and keeps barb exposed outside, material feeding to be poured is complete
Skeleton tight can be formed the compound type polyurethane sleeper pad with skeleton after all solidstate.
Embodiment 1
Include being made of polyurethane combined material and reinforcing fiber blending the present embodiment provides a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad
Compound layer of polyurethane and nonwoven layer 3, nonwoven layer are located at below compound layer of polyurethane.
Preparing the raw material needed for the present embodiment sleeper pad is：It is the point line shape polyamide 6 of 200g that nonwoven layer, which selects grammes per square metre,
Non-woven fabrics, it is 10% that reinforcing fiber, which selects castable gross mass, the glass fibre that a diameter of 10um, length are 2mm, and castable is total
The polyurethane combined material that quality is 90%；Polyurethane combined material includes 303,23 parts bars of the polyether polyol by 16 parts of goodization chemistry
The big HPOP40 in the PTHF1000 of this husband, 23.04 parts of blue star east, 0.2 part of deionized water, 0.01 part of two fourth of catalyst dibutyltin cinnamic acid
Ji Xi, 0.05 part of catalyst triethylenediamine, 1 part of beautiful foam stabiliser AK8805 for thinking Dehua, 0.3 part of ultraviolet absorber
UV327,0.4 part of antioxidant 1010 and 1 part of pigment carbon black stir the component As that 60 minutes form and by 35 part of ten thousand China's chemistry
The B component that PM200 is formed.
When preparing sleeper pad, component A and B component and glass fibre is put into casting machine forms castable first, so
It is poured on polyamide 6 non-woven fabrics in castable afterwards, foamed solidification is to obtain the compound type polyurethane sleeper pad without skeleton, is made
Used time cuts into required shape.
Embodiment 2
Difference lies in the present embodiment is by polyurethane on compound type polyurethane sleeper mat structure in the present embodiment and embodiment 1
Combination material and reinforcing fiber, which are blended at the top of the compound layer of polyurethane to be formed, is provided with skeleton, and skeleton is polyurethane skeleton.
Preparing the raw material needed for the present embodiment sleeper pad is：It is the point line shape polyamide 6 of 200g that nonwoven layer, which selects grammes per square metre,
Non-woven fabrics, it is 18% that reinforcing fiber, which selects castable gross mass, the glass fibre that a diameter of 12um, length are 3mm, and castable is total
The polyurethane combined material that quality is 82%；Polyurethane combined material include by 11 parts of triethanolamines, 25 parts of BASF PTHF1000,
The big HPOP40 in 21.12 parts of blue star east, 0.1 part of deionized water, 0.05 part of catalyst dibutyltin dilaurylate, 0.1 part of catalysis
Agent triethylenediamine, 2 parts of beautiful foam stabiliser AK8805 for thinking to learn in Dehua, 0.55 part of ultraviolet absorber UV327,0.2 part it is anti-
The B that oxygen agent 1010 and 2 parts of pigment carbon blacks stir the component A that 60 minutes form and formed by the PM200 of 37.88 part of ten thousand China's chemistry
Component.
During preparing sleeper pad, it is with the distinctive points of embodiment 1, in the foaming process later stage of castable, will gathers
The latticed connection layer segment of urethane skeleton is pressed into foamed material, then fully solidification obtains the compound type polyurethane containing skeleton
Sleeper pad, when use, cut into required shape.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment from implement 2 difference lies in the raw material prepared needed for sleeper pad is different, specially：Nonwoven layer selects poly- second
Alkene fabric nonwoven cloth, it is 20% that reinforcing fiber, which selects castable gross mass, the carbon fiber that length is 2mm, and castable gross mass is
80% polyurethane combined material；Polyurethane combined material includes by the big polyethers MN-500 in 17 parts of blue star east, 22.42 parts of PTHF1000,30
Polyethers 330N, 0.3 part of deionized water, 0.02 part of octoate catalyst stannous, the 0.06 part of catalyst of part goodization chemistry are double（Diformazan
Amino-ethyl）Ether, 0.5 part of beautiful foam stabiliser AK8805 for thinking to learn in Dehua, 1 part of ultraviolet absorber UV327,0.2 part of antioxidant
The B that 1010 and 1.12 parts of pigment iron oxide reds stir the component A that 60 minutes form and formed by the PM200 of 27.38 part of ten thousand China's chemistry
Component.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment from implement 2 difference lies in the raw material prepared needed for sleeper pad is different, specially：Nonwoven layer selects poly- third
Alkene fabric nonwoven cloth, it is 5% that reinforcing fiber, which selects castable gross mass, the glass fibre that a diameter of 10um, length are 2mm, cast
Expect that gross mass is 95% polyurethane combined material；Polyurethane combined material includes by 10 parts of trimethylolpropanes, 20 parts of Daicel chemistry
PCL210,24.42 parts of polyethers EP-3600,0.1 part of deionized water, 0.05 part of catalyst dibutyltin diacetate, 0.03 part urge
Agent triethylenediamine, 2 parts of beautiful foam stabiliser AK8805 for thinking to learn in Dehua, 0.8 part of ultraviolet absorber UV327,0.6 part it is anti-
The B that oxygen agent 1010 and 2 parts of pigment titanium whites stir the component A that 60 minutes form and formed by the PM200 of 40 part of ten thousand China's chemistry
Component.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment from implement 2 difference lies in the raw material prepared needed for sleeper pad is different, specially：Nonwoven layer selects poly- pair
Ethylene terephthalate fabric nonwoven cloth, reinforcing fiber select the basalt that castable gross mass is 15%, length is 2mm fine
Dimension, the polyurethane combined material that castable gross mass is 85%；Polyurethane combined material includes by 18 parts of polyethers DV-125,20 parts of polyethers
DL-1000D, the deionized water of 3628,0.2 parts of polymer polyatomic alcohol of 28.23 parts of goodization chemistry, 0.02 part of catalyst dibutyltin osmanthus
Sour dibutyl tin, 0.1 part of catalyst dimorpholine base Anaesthetie Ether, 1 part of beautiful foam stabiliser AK8805 for thinking Dehua, 1 part of purple
Outer absorbent UV327,1 part of antioxidant 1010 and 0.68 part of pigment phthalocyanine blue stir the component A that 60 minutes form and by 29.77
The B component that the PM200 of ten thousand China's chemistry of part are formed.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad, including polyurethane foam（1）, which is characterized in that the polyurethane foam
In be embedded with several reinforcing fibers（2）, being fixedly installed on the bottom face of polyurethane foam prevents from being pierced through by railway ballast rubble
Nonwoven layer（3）.
2. a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the polyurethane foam
Top is embedded with skeleton（4）, the skeleton includes by cross bar（41）And montant（42）Latticed articulamentum made of interconnection,
The cross bar and montant infall of latticed articulamentum are provided with Z axis barb vertically upward（43）；The Z axis barb（43）Top
Portion's barb stretches out polyurethane foam.
3. a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the Z axis barb（43）Packet
It includes column and the circular cone barb in column top is set, the diameter of circular cone barb bottom face is more than the outer diameter of column.
4. a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the cross bar（41）, montant
（42）With Z axis barb（43）It is structure as a whole.
5. a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that by polyurethane
Polyurethane foam is prepared by polyurethane combined material in the compound layer of polyurethane that froth bed and reinforcing fiber are constituted；Its
In, the weight percent that reinforcing fiber accounts for compound layer of polyurethane is 5%-20%, and polyurethane combined material accounts for compound layer of polyurethane
Weight percent be 80%-95%.
6. a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the reinforcing fiber is chopped
Glass fibre, chopped carbon fiber or chopped basalt fibre.
7. a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the polyurethane combined material packet
Containing following components in percentage by weight：50% ~ 70% hydroxy component, 20% ~ 40% isocyanate component, 0.1% ~ 0.3% hair
Infusion, 0.03% ~ 0.1% catalyst and 1.5% ~ 6% auxiliary agent.
8. according to a kind of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad of claim 2 to 4 any one of them, which is characterized in that the skeleton
For polyethylene backbone, polypropylene backbone, polyamide backbone or polyurethane skeleton.
9. such as a kind of preparation method of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad of claim 1 to 8 any one of them, which is characterized in that
Specifically include following steps：
A. layer of non-woven fabric is laid on the planar working table with side block；
B. polyurethane combined material and reinforcing fiber are poured into a mould uniformly by the way that the casting machine of function is cut and be added with fiber, formation is poured
Material feeding；
C. the step B castables formed are poured on the plane workbench for being equipped with non-woven fabrics, natural levelling；It is carried out at the same time
Foamable reaction is simultaneously formed by curing the fiber composite type polyurethane layer with microcellular structure, and solidification while is close with bottom non-woven fabrics
It is bonded as one to form compound type polyurethane sleeper pad.
10. a kind of preparation method of compound type polyurethane sleeper pad according to claim 9, which is characterized in that in step C
The latticed articulamentum of skeleton after levelling and before not being fully cured, is pressed into castable by material feeding to be poured on planar working table
In, and keeping barb exposed outside, material feeding to be poured can form skeleton tight compound poly- with skeleton after being fully cured
Urethane sleeper pad.
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| US20190185610A1 (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2019-06-20 | Railway Engineering Research Institute Of China Academy Of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited | Fiber-reinforced rigid polyurethane foam composite railway sleeper with high fiber content and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110438849A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-12 | 黎明化工研究设计院有限责任公司 | A kind of high rigidity low-density buffer shock-absorbing device and preparation method thereof |
| CN110497566A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-26 | 黎明化工研究设计院有限责任公司 | A kind of high damping buffer shock-absorbing device and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113831504A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-24 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Passenger-cargo collinear railway polyurethane microporous base plate and preparation method thereof |
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