CN108659539A - A kind of application of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method and monitoring concrete deformation and crack - Google Patents
A kind of application of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method and monitoring concrete deformation and crack Download PDFInfo
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- CN108659539A CN108659539A CN201810491195.2A CN201810491195A CN108659539A CN 108659539 A CN108659539 A CN 108659539A CN 201810491195 A CN201810491195 A CN 201810491195A CN 108659539 A CN108659539 A CN 108659539A
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- magnetic agitation
- sensing material
- mixed solution
- flexible sensing
- organic solvent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
Abstract
A kind of application of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method and monitoring concrete deformation and crack, the present invention relates to flexible sensing material preparation method and its applications.The present invention in order to solve the problems, such as existing sensor there are short life, of high cost, deformation is low and can be damaged when concrete structure is repaired.The present invention includes：One：Carbon nanotube is added in organic solvent, magnetic agitation is carried out after ultrasonic disperse；Two：PDMS matrix resins are added in organic solvent, magnetic agitation is carried out；Three：The mixed solution that step 1 and step 2 obtain is mixed, magnetic agitation is carried out after ultrasonic disperse；Four：Mixed solution is subjected to magnetic agitation；Five：By PDMS curing agent and PDMS ontologies according to 0.1:1 mass ratio is added in the mixed solution after the volatilization of step 4 organic solvent, carries out magnetic agitation；Six：Mixed liquor is injected in mold, is conserved after being dried in vacuo.The present invention is used for polymer composite and sensor field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to polymer composite and sensor fields, and in particular to the flexibility for monitoring concrete deformation
Sensing material preparation method and applications.
Background technology
High-rise building, large bridge, large-scale production platform and nuclear power station etc. are related to the great concrete of national economy
Structural Engineering and infrastructure in use, are inevitably acted on by the factors such as load and environmental attack, thus
The damage brought can cause structural resistance to be decayed, or even cause burst accident, cause huge casualties and property loss.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to take effective monitoring means to evaluate its health status, to repair and control damage in time, for true
Reliability, safety and the durability for protecting concrete structure are of great significance.
Counterweight great civil engineering structure and infrastructure carry out the health monitoring of life-cycle, need high-performance, the long-life with
Stable smart sensor.The common sensor in monitoring structural health conditions field has electric magnetostriction materials sensor, optical fiber to pass
Sensor and piezoelectric transducer etc., these sensors there are the shortcomings that have short life, bring difficulty to construction, it is of high cost and in coagulation
Soil structure can be damaged when repairing.In addition, the concrete for adding carbon system and metal packing is also used as sensor prison
The damage of geodesic structure itself, it is this to have the shortcomings that the concrete structure of self-sensing properties exists and has：Basis material itself it is interior
Portion's defect is more and reduces the quality of sensor, and basis material needs curing time longer, and basis material internal capillary duct is too
Cause its resistivity easily to arrive the influence of moisture, there are stability problems for sensor more.And this perception material certainly is monitoring itself
Compressive strain in terms of there is certain advantage, there is deficiency in terms of monitoring amount of deflection and crack, research is also less.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve existing sensors there are short life, of high cost, deformation is low and in concrete knot
The shortcomings that being damaged when structure is repaired, and propose a kind of flexible sensing material preparation method for monitoring concrete deformation and
It is applied.
A kind of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method includes the following steps：
Step 1：Carbon nanotube is added in organic solvent, magnetic agitation is carried out after ultrasonic disperse, mixed solution is a concentration of
20mg/mL；The organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran；
Step 2：PDMS matrix resins are added in organic solvent, magnetic agitation, a concentration of 1g/mL of mixed solution are carried out；
The organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran；
Step 3：By the carbon nanotube organic solvent mixed solution that step 1 obtains and the PDMS matrix trees that step 2 obtains
Fat organic solvent mixed solution is mixed, and magnetic agitation is carried out after ultrasonic disperse；
Step 4：Mixed solution after step 3 magnetic agitation is placed in magnetic agitation heating plate, magnetic force is carried out and stirs
It mixes, until organic solvent volatilizees completely；
Step 5：By PDMS curing agent and PDMS ontologies according to 0.1:1 mass ratio is added to step 4 organic solvent and waves
In mixed solution after hair, magnetic agitation is carried out；
Step 6：Step 5 is carried out in the mixed liquor injection mold after magnetic agitation, moves into vacuum drying chamber and carry out
After vacuum drying, moves into baking oven and conserved.
A kind of application for monitoring the sensing material of concrete deformation, using the sensing material as sensing unit application
In the monitoring in concrete deformation and crack.
The detailed process that the application is realized is：
Step 1：By flexible sensing material cutting test specimen into strips, pasted using copper sheet as electrode with conductive silver paste
In test specimen two ends, outside uses glue to wrap up electrode area as protective layer, is fabricated to the sensing element of sensor；
Step 2：By the surveyed concrete sample surface regions Suo Ce after sand paper is polished, after removing surface dirt, acetone is used
Wiped clean；
Step 3：Mark the central area in the concrete sample surface regions Suo Ce；
Step 4：The sensing element for the sensor that step 1 makes is pasted onto concrete sample centre of surface region, is passed
The electrode area at sensor both ends is fixed with epoxy resin, record payload values, sensor resistance variation and concrete during experiment
Deformation values.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is added to carbon nanotube as conductive filler in polydimethylsiloxaneelastomer elastomer material, takes solution
A kind of inexpensive, high durable, large deformation (＞ 50%) flexible sensing material has been made in casting method.Utilize carbon nanotube and poly- two
This sensing material is made and refers to monitoring structural health conditions as a kind of sensor by the stretching-sensitive characteristic of methylsiloxane composite material
Field is flexible sensing material in structure for monitoring the compressive strain of concrete structure, amount of deflection and crack (within 0.8mm) etc.
Application in health monitoring field provides certain reference and directive significance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is monitoring Reactive Powder Concrete compressive strain experimental rig schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is prepared when sensing material is 50% between resistance change rate and Reactive Powder Concrete compressive strain
Relationship；
Fig. 3 is monitoring Reactive Powder Concrete stress and bending strain pilot system schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the pass of the invention prepared when sensing material is 50% between resistance change rate and Reactive Powder Concrete amount of deflection
System；
Fig. 5 is dynamic impulsion load distress in concrete monitoring test schematic diagram；
Relational graphs of the Fig. 6 between MWCNTs/PDMS composite material resistances changing value and polypropylene fiber concrete crack.
Specific implementation mode
Specific implementation mode one：A kind of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method includes the following steps：
Using solution casting method prepare MWCNTs/PDMS sensing materials specific test procedure and flow chart 1 it is as follows：
Step 1：Carbon nanotube is added in organic solvent, magnetic agitation is carried out after ultrasonic disperse, mixed solution is a concentration of
20mg/mL；The organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran；
Step 2：PDMS matrix resins are added in organic solvent, magnetic agitation, a concentration of 1g/mL of mixed solution are carried out；
The organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran；
Step 3：By the carbon nanotube organic solvent mixed solution that step 1 obtains and the PDMS matrix trees that step 2 obtains
Fat organic solvent mixed solution is mixed, and magnetic agitation is carried out after ultrasonic disperse；
Step 4：Mixed solution after step 3 magnetic agitation is placed in magnetic agitation heating plate, magnetic force is carried out and stirs
It mixes, until organic solvent volatilizees completely；
Step 5：By PDMS curing agent and PDMS according to 0.1:After 1 mass ratio is added to the volatilization of step 4 organic solvent
Mixed solution in, carry out magnetic agitation；
Step 6：Step 5 is carried out in the mixed liquor injection mold after magnetic agitation, moves into vacuum drying chamber and carry out
After vacuum drying, moves into baking oven and conserved.
Specific implementation mode two：The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that：Ultrasound point in the step 1
The scattered time is 2h, and the time of magnetic agitation is 30min, rotating speed 1000rpm.
Other steps and parameter are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific implementation mode three：The present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that：Magnetic in the step 2
The time of power stirring is 20min, rotating speed 1000rpm.
Other steps and parameter are the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific implementation mode four：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to three：The step 3
The time of middle ultrasonic disperse is 2h, and the time of magnetic agitation is 12h, rotating speed 1000rpm.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific implementation mode one to three.
Specific implementation mode five：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to four：The step 4
The rotating speed of middle magnetic agitation is 600rpm.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific implementation mode one to four.
Specific implementation mode six：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to five：The step 5
The time of middle magnetic agitation is 10min, rotating speed 200rpm.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific implementation mode one to five.
Specific implementation mode seven：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to six：The step 6
The middle vacuum drying temperature of progress is 80 DEG C, time 1h；It is 2h to move into the time conserved in baking oven.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific implementation mode one to six.
Specific implementation mode eight：A kind of application of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material, the flexible sensing material is as sensing
Unit application is in the monitoring in concrete deformation and crack.
Specific implementation mode nine：Present embodiment is unlike specific implementation mode nine：The application is realized specific
Process is：
Step 1：The sensing material is cut into test specimen into strips, examination is pasted onto using copper sheet as electrode with conductive silver paste
Part both ends, outside use glue to wrap up electrode area as protective layer, are fabricated to the sensing element of sensor；
Step 2：By the surveyed concrete sample surface regions Suo Ce after sand paper is polished, surface dirt is blown away with hair-dryer,
It is cleaned again with acetone；
Step 3：Mark the central area in the concrete sample surface regions Suo Ce；
Step 4：The sensing element of the sensor is pasted onto central area, the electrode at sensor both ends with 502 glue
Position is fixed with epoxy resin；Synchronous recording payload values, sensor resistance variation and concrete deformation value during experiment.
Other steps and parameter are identical as specific implementation mode nine.
Embodiment one：
Using solution casting method prepare MWCNTs/PDMS flexible sensing materials specific test procedure and flow chart 1 it is as follows：
Step 1：A certain amount of carbon nanotube is added in the glass containers for filling organic solvent, and mixed solution is a concentration of
20mg/mL, ultrasonic disperse 2h, later magnetic agitation 30min, rotating speed 1000rpm.The main purpose of ultrasound makes reunion
MWCNTs disperses in organic solvent；
Step 2：PDMS matrix resins are added in another vial for filling organic solvent, a concentration of 1g/ of mixed solution
ML, magnetic agitation 20min, rotating speed 1000rpm, make PDMS matrix resins be completely dissolved in organic solvent；
Step 3：Solution prepared by step 1 and step 2 is mixed in same vial, ultrasonic disperse 2h, later magnetic
Power stirs 12h, rotating speed 1000rpm.Ultrasound and the purpose of stirring are to keep MWCNTs molten in the mixing of PDMS/ organic solvents herein
It is further uniformly dispersed in liquid；
Step 4：The container for filling step 3 mixed solution is placed on (solvent evaporating temperature in magnetic agitation heating plate
It is above the boiling point 5 DEG C), continue the mixed solution of magnetic agitation carbon nanotube/PDMS matrix resins/organic solvent, rotating speed is
600rpm, until organic solvent volatilization is complete；
Step 5：By PDMS curing agent according to PDMS ontologies 0.1:1 mass ratio is added to the mixing after evaporation solvent
In solution, continue magnetic agitation 10min, rotating speed 200rpm at ambient temperature；
Step 6：In the solution injection mold that step 5 is obtained, 1h, Zhi Hou in 80 DEG C of vacuum drying chamber are moved into
2h is conserved in 150 DEG C of baking oven, obtains the sensing material for monitoring concrete deformation.
The sensing material for monitoring concrete deformation is applied as sensing unit in monitoring concrete deformation
In sensor.
The preparation process of the sensor is：
Step 1：By flexible sensing material cutting test specimen into strips, pasted using copper sheet as electrode with conductive silver paste
In test specimen two ends, outside uses glue to wrap up electrode area as protective layer, is fabricated to sensor；
Step 2：By the surveyed concrete sample surface regions Suo Ce after sand paper is polished, after removing surface dirt, acetone is used
Wiped clean；
Step 3：The central area in the concrete sample surface regions Suo Ce is marked, in case pasting foil gauge and sensing material；
Step 4：The sensor that step 1 makes is pasted onto concrete sample centre of surface region, sensor both ends
Electrode area is fixed with epoxy resin, record payload values, sensor resistance variation and concrete deformation value during experiment.
It is 50mm × 5mm × 1mm that the sensing material (MWCNTs/PDMS composite materials) of preparation is cut into size with blade
Strip test specimen, the copper sheet of 0.02mm thickness is used in combination as electrode (sensing material can be prepared into different sizes as needed)
Conductive silver paste is pasted onto test specimen two ends, and electrode zone is fixed with epoxy resin during experiment, to eliminate caused by this part
Test error.
The monitoring of concrete compressive strain uses size for 70.7mm × 70.7mm × 70.7mm under uniaxial compression loading condition
Reactive Powder Concrete cube specimen.The application of load uses the omnipotent pressure testing machines of 1000kN, load during experiment
Speed control is in the parallel stickup of 502 glue of constant 0.2MPa/s, traditional foil gauge and MWCNTs/PDMS composite material test pieces
In the geometric center position of certain one side through processed Reactive Powder Concrete test specimen.During testing load, together
Step record pressure, strain and resistance value, the compressive strain of Reactive Powder Concrete are adopted by DH3821Net static strain testing systems
Collection, the resistance value of MWCNTs/PDMS composite materials are then acquired using UT805A digital multimeter in real time, until reactive powder is mixed
Until solidifying soil test specimen destroys.Specific experimental rig is as shown in Figure 1.MWCNTs/PDMS composite material resistances change rate and activity powder
Relationship between last concrete compressive strain is as shown in Figure 2.
Monitoring Bending Concrete deformation uses size for the Reactive Powder Concrete test specimen of 40mm × 40mm × 160mm, steel
Fiber volume fraction is 1.5vol%.Experiment uses MTS810 material testing systems, three-point bending load mode, loading velocity control
In 0.01mm/s, MWCNTs/PDMS composite material test pieces are pasted onto completely with 502 glue through processed concrete sample area system
The center in domain.Synchronous recording pressure value, displacement and resistance value during experiment, the record of resistance value is using UT805A numbers
Multimeter acquires in real time.Until load is added to concrete sample destruction or MWCNTs/PDMS fracture of composite materials completely.Entire examination
Process is tested in stable progress under room temperature, specific experimental rig is as shown in Figure 3.The resistance of MWCNTs/PDMS composite materials
Relationship between change rate and Reactive Powder Concrete amount of deflection is as shown in Figure 4.
The sample dimensions that the monitoring in polypropylene fiber concrete crack uses under dynamic impulsion load is 100mm × 100mm
The girder test specimen of × 400mm.A diameter of 68mm, the weight 1.25kg of steel ball used in experiment, hanging down between steel ball and backing plate
Straight height is 300mm, and the distance between 2 bearings are 300mm.A wherein steel backing plate is positioned over polypropylene fiber concrete examination
The geometric dimension in the centre position of part upper surface, backing plate is 100mm × 100mm × 8mm.Polypropylene fiber concrete test specimen bottom
The matrix foil gauge that centre of surface position is 100mm with 502 glue length, and be separated by nearby with matrix foil gauge, it uses
502 glue sizes are the MWCNTs/PDMS composite materials of 50mm × 5mm × 1mm, and it is mixed that the two is parallel to polypropylene fibre
The both ends of the central area of solidifying soil bottom surface, this composite material respectively bond a copper sheet as electrode, adhesion zone with conductive silver paste
Domain is fixed with epoxy resin.During experiment, the steel ball under remaining static freely falls dynamic to provide from 300mm height
The elongation strain of state impact load, the concrete sample caused by impact load is obtained by matrix foil gauge measurement, test data
Acquisition is recorded using DH5922 dynamic test systems in real time, when the traditional foil gauge for being pasted onto concrete girder test specimen surface of test piece
When the maximum absolute value of strain value, that is, think occur micro-crack inside concrete sample, is just needed in falling ball impact test later
Start to notice whether the observation visual crack in concrete sample bottom occurs.During steel ball impacts girder test specimen and later
The resistance value of MWCNTs/PDMS composite materials UT805A synchronous recordings；After there is visual crack in concrete girder test specimen, phase
Certain interval of time between adjacent ball falling impact free twice, the fracture width of test concrete sample bottom, fracture width are used
The cracks ZBL-F800 tester is measured and is read, and specific experiment arrangement is as shown in Figure 5.MWCNTs/PDMS composite material resistances become
Relationship between change value and polypropylene fiber concrete crack is as shown in Figure 6.
The present invention can also have other various embodiments, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, this field
Technical staff makes various corresponding change and deformations in accordance with the present invention, but these corresponding change and deformations should all belong to
The protection domain of appended claims of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method, it is characterised in that：The sensing material preparation method includes following
Step：
Step 1：Carbon nanotube is added in organic solvent, magnetic agitation is carried out after ultrasonic disperse, obtains mixed solution；It is described
Organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran；
Step 2：PDMS matrix resins are added in organic solvent, magnetic agitation is carried out, obtains mixed solution；It is described organic molten
Agent is tetrahydrofuran；The PDMS is dimethyl silicone polymer；
Step 3：The carbon nanotube organic solvent mixed solution that step 1 obtains and the PDMS matrix resins that step 2 obtains are had
Solvent mixed solution is mixed, and magnetic agitation is carried out after ultrasonic disperse；
Step 4：Mixed solution after step 3 magnetic agitation is placed in magnetic agitation heating plate, carries out magnetic agitation, directly
It volatilizees completely to organic solvent；
Step 5：PDMS curing agent and PDMS are added in the mixed solution after the volatilization of step 4 organic solvent, magnetic force is carried out
Stirring；
Step 6：Step 5 is carried out in the mixed liquor injection mold after magnetic agitation, moves into vacuum drying chamber and carry out vacuum
After drying, moves into baking oven and conserved, obtain sheet-like flexible sensing material.
2. a kind of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1
The time of middle a concentration of 20mg/mL of mixed solution, ultrasonic disperse are 2h, and the time of magnetic agitation is 30min, and rotating speed is
1000rpm。
3. a kind of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step 2
The time of middle a concentration of 1g/mL of mixed solution, magnetic agitation are 20min, rotating speed 1000rpm.
4. a kind of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step 3
The time of middle ultrasonic disperse is 2h, and the time of magnetic agitation is 12h, rotating speed 1000rpm.
5. a kind of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The step 4
The rotating speed of middle magnetic agitation is 600rpm.
6. a kind of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The step 5
It is middle by PDMS curing agent and PDMS according to 0.1:1 mass ratio is added in the mixed solution after the volatilization of step 4 organic solvent,
The time of magnetic agitation is 10min, rotating speed 200rpm.
7. a kind of stretching-sensitive type flexible sensing material preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The step 6
The middle vacuum drying temperature of progress is 80 DEG C, time 1h；It is 2h to move into the time conserved in baking oven.
8. a kind of application of flexible sensing material as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Using the flexible sensing material as
Sensing unit is applied in the monitoring in concrete deformation and crack.
9. the application of flexible sensing material according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The detailed process that the application is realized
For：
Step 1：The sheet-like flexible sensing material is cut into test specimen into strips, is pasted using copper sheet as electrode with conductive silver paste
In test specimen two ends, outside uses glue to wrap up electrode area as protective layer, is fabricated to the sensing element of sensor；
Step 2：By the surveyed concrete sample surface regions Suo Ce after sand paper is polished, after removing surface dirt, wiped with acetone
Totally；
Step 3：Mark the central area in the concrete sample surface regions Suo Ce；
Step 4：The sensing element for the sensor that step 1 makes is pasted onto concrete sample centre of surface region, sensor
The electrode area at both ends is fixed with epoxy resin, record payload values, sensor resistance variation and concrete deformation value.
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| CN111732836A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-02 | 东南大学 | Sensor material for real-time monitoring of health condition of high-speed railway ballastless track plate and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181016 |