CN108658178B - Self-adaptive seawater desalination device - Google Patents
Self-adaptive seawater desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108658178B CN108658178B CN201810468027.1A CN201810468027A CN108658178B CN 108658178 B CN108658178 B CN 108658178B CN 201810468027 A CN201810468027 A CN 201810468027A CN 108658178 B CN108658178 B CN 108658178B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination, and provides a self-adaptive seawater desalination device which comprises a power supply system, a seawater salinity monitoring device, an infrared range finder, a control system and a capacitance deionization device, wherein the capacitance deionization device comprises a shell, a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and an adjusting device for adjusting the distance between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, the infrared range finder is used for measuring the distance between the two electrode plates, the seawater salinity monitoring device, the electrode plates, the adjusting device, the infrared range finder and the control system are all connected with the power supply system, and the control system controls the adjusting device according to signals transmitted by the seawater salinity monitoring device and the infrared range finder so as to adjust the distance between the two motor plates. According to the invention, the salinity of seawater is automatically monitored by the seawater salinity monitoring device, and the distance between the two electrode plates is adaptive to the salinity change of the seawater by the adjusting device, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the desalting efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a self-adaptive seawater desalination device.
Background
Sea water desalination (Sea water de kalification) is a dream for hundreds of years for human beings. As more than 70% of the population in the world lives in an area within 120 kilometers of the ocean, the seawater desalination technology can solve the problem of water resource shortage in partial areas.
The global seawater desalination technology exceeds more than 20, and comprises a reverse osmosis method, a multi-stage flash evaporation method, an electrodialysis method, a vapor compression distillation method, a dew point evaporation method, a water and power cogeneration method, a heat membrane cogeneration method, a seawater desalination technology utilizing nuclear energy, solar energy, wind energy and tidal energy, and the like, and a plurality of pretreatment and post-treatment processes such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and the like.
The Capacitive Deionization (CDI) technology is an electro-adsorption desalination technology derived from the electrochemical principle, and is characterized in that electrostatic fields with certain intensity are applied to two ends of an electrode, and charged ions in a solution can move to the electrode with opposite charges under the action of the electrostatic fields, so that the effect of adsorbing and removing the ions is achieved. The distance between two electrode plates of the current CDI device is fixed, the rated working voltage is direct current 1.2-2.0V, and the condition of the normal working of the CDI device is as follows: for seawater with certain salinity, the current density between the two electrode plates is constant
Wherein I is the current density, I is the current between the electrode plates, and A is the surface area of the electrode plate.
According to the working principle of CDI, the current density calculation model is as follows:
wherein i is the current density, A/m2(ii) a L is the distance between the electrode plates, m; k is the solution conductivity, S/m; phi is aPower supplyIs the power supply potential, V; phi is aElectrode for electrochemical cellIs the electrode plate potential, V.
The salinity calculation model of the seawater is as follows:
S＝1.3888K-0.02478Kt-6171.9
wherein K is salinity; t degree centigrade.
The salinity of the seawater is not fixed,especially in the rainstorm season, for example, Yangtze river has obvious dilution to offshore seawater, and the salinity of the seawater is 0.2 percent. From the above formula, the change of seawater salinity and temperature directly results in the change of seawater conductivity. According to the current density calculation model, the following steps are obtained: to maintain the CDI working properly, the potential difference between the two electrodes should be kept constant, so that it is necessary to maintain
A constant value ensures that the current density is constant. However, the CDI at present is a fixed electrode plate spacing and cannot adapt to the salinity change of seawater.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a self-adaptive seawater desalination device which can self-adapt to seawater with different salinity and automatically adjust the distance between two electrode plates in a capacitive deionization device, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving desalination efficiency.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A self-adaptive seawater desalination device comprises a power supply system, a seawater salinity monitoring device, an infrared range finder, a control system and a capacitive deionization device;
the capacitive deionization device comprises a shell, a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and an adjusting device for adjusting the distance between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, wherein the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are arranged in parallel in the shell and are connected with the inner wall of the shell in a sliding and sealing manner;
the utility model discloses a sea water salinity monitoring device, including casing, infrared rangefinder, sea water salinity monitoring device, plate electrode, adjusting device, infrared rangefinder and control system, the inner wall in casing is installed to the infrared rangefinder for measure the interval between first plate electrode and the second plate electrode, sea water salinity monitoring device, plate electrode, adjusting device, infrared rangefinder and control system all are connected with power supply system, sea water salinity monitoring device, infrared rangefinder and adjusting device all link to each other with control system, sea water salinity monitoring device and infrared rangefinder transmit the signal who surveys for control system, control system is according to the signal control adjusting device of sea water salinity monitoring device and infrared rangefinder transmission to the interval of two motor boards of adjustment.
Preferably, the adjusting device includes a motor, a transmission device, a rotating shaft, a belt, and a first ball screw and a second ball screw with opposite thread directions, the first electrode plate is fixedly mounted on a transmission nut on the first ball screw, the second electrode plate is fixedly mounted on a transmission nut on the second ball screw, the head ends of the first ball screw and the second ball screw are both provided with a boss, the two bosses are oppositely arranged and have a certain distance, the tail ends of the first ball screw and the second ball screw respectively penetrate through opposite side surfaces of the housing and are located outside the housing, and the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are symmetrical about the center of the housing;
the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the transmission device, belt wheels matched with the belts are fixed at the two ends of the rotating shaft and at the tail ends of the first ball screw and the second ball screw, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are connected with the tail ends of the first ball screw and the second ball screw through the belts respectively, so that the first ball screw and the second ball screw are driven to rotate.
Preferably, the transmission device comprises a first gear and a second gear which are meshed with each other, the first gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and the second gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of the motor.
Preferably, all be equipped with the recess on four inner walls of casing and first electrode board and second electrode board sliding seal connection, the recess sets up along the slip direction of first electrode board and second electrode board, the four sides of first electrode board and second electrode board all be equipped with recess matched with arch, the arch is located corresponding recess to can slide along the recess.
Preferably, silica gel is arranged on four sides of the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate.
Preferably, a spring is arranged in a groove between each protrusion and the opposite side wall of the shell, and two ends of the spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the protrusions and the side wall of the shell.
Preferably, first sealing rings are arranged between the first electrode plate and the corresponding transmission nut, and second sealing rings are arranged between the first ball screw and the side wall of the shell through which the first ball screw and the second ball screw penetrate.
Preferably, the seawater salinity monitoring device is a conductivity tester.
Preferably, the shell is made of an insulating material, the shell comprises a left half shell and a right half shell which are symmetrical to each other, four opposite corners of the left half shell and the right half shell are respectively provided with a threaded through hole, four fixing bolts respectively penetrate through the four threaded through holes, and nuts are connected to the fixing bolts to realize the fixed connection of the left half shell and the right half shell.
Preferably, the power supply system is a solar photovoltaic system and comprises a solar cell panel, a photovoltaic controller and a storage battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the seawater salinity monitoring device, the salinity of seawater is automatically monitored, and under the condition that the normal work of the capacitive deionization device is ensured, the distance between the two electrode plates is adjusted through the adjusting device, so that the distance between the two electrode plates is adaptive to the change of the salinity of the seawater, the energy consumption is reduced, and the desalination efficiency is improved.
2. The adjusting device of the invention utilizes the power device and the ball screw to adjust the distance between the two electrode plates, has simple structure and is easy to manufacture and produce.
3. According to the invention, the electrode plate is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the shell through the matched protrusion and groove, and the spring is arranged between the protrusion and the inner wall of the shell, so that the electrode plate is limited, and meanwhile, the electrode plates are kept parallel to each other.
4. The shell comprises the left half shell and the right half shell which are symmetrical to each other, so that the components in the shell can be easily mounted and dismounted, and the structure is simple.
5. The solar photovoltaic power generation system adopts a solar photovoltaic system to supply power, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-adaptive seawater desalination apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the capacitive deionization apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the capacitive deionization apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distance between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an electric motor; 2. a transmission device; 3. a rotating shaft; 4. a belt; 5. silica gel; 6. an infrared range finder; 7. a pulley; 8. a first electrode plate; 9. a water outlet of the device; 10. a first seal ring; 11. a second seal ring; 12. a first ball screw; 13. a housing; 14. a water inlet; 15. a nut; 16. fixing the bolt; 17. a seawater salinity monitoring device; 18. a drainage tube; 19. a solar panel; 20. a control system; 21. a second ball screw; 22. a second electrode plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, the adaptive seawater desalination apparatus according to the present invention includes a power supply system, a seawater salinity monitoring device 17, an infrared range finder 6, a control system 20, and a capacitive deionization apparatus. The power supply system is a solar photovoltaic system and comprises a solar cell panel 19, a photovoltaic controller and a storage battery.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the capacitive deionization apparatus includes a housing 13, a first electrode plate 8, a second electrode plate 22, and an adjusting device for adjusting a distance between the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22, wherein the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 are disposed in parallel in the housing 13 and are slidably connected to an inner wall of the housing 13. Casing 13 has relative roof and diapire that sets up, antetheca and back wall, left side wall and right wall, first electrode board 8 and second electrode board 22 all are parallel with the left wall, the roof, the diapire, all be equipped with on the medial surface of antetheca and back wall with left wall vertically recess, first electrode board 8 and second electrode board 22 locate all around with recess matched with arch, first electrode board 8 and second electrode board 22 all realize in four corresponding recesses through arch all around imbedding respectively with casing 13 the roof, the diapire, antetheca and back wall sliding connection. The four sides of the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 are respectively provided with silica gel 5 for sealing with the shell 13.
The adjusting device comprises a motor 1, a transmission device 2, a rotating shaft 3, a belt 4, a first ball screw 12 and a second ball screw 21 with opposite thread directions, a first electrode plate 8 is fixedly installed on a transmission nut on the first ball screw 12, a second electrode plate 22 is fixedly installed on a transmission nut on the second ball screw 21, the head ends of the first ball screw 12 and the second ball screw 21 are respectively provided with a boss, the two bosses are oppositely arranged and have a certain distance, the tail ends of the first ball screw 12 and the second ball screw 21 respectively penetrate through the left wall and the right wall of the shell 13 and are positioned outside the shell 13, and the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 are symmetrical about the center of the shell 13. First sealing rings 10 are arranged between the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 and corresponding transmission nuts, and second sealing rings 11 are arranged between the first ball screw 12 and the second ball screw 21 and the left wall and the right wall of the shell 13 respectively, so that the capacitive deionization device is good in sealing performance.
The transmission device 2 comprises a first gear and a second gear which are meshed with each other, the first gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 3, and the second gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of the motor 1. The motor 1 drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate through the transmission device 2, belt wheels 7 matched with the belts 4 are fixed at the two ends of the rotating shaft 3 and at the tail ends of the first ball screw 12 and the second ball screw 21, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 3 are connected with the tail ends of the first ball screw 12 and the second ball screw 21 through the belts 4 respectively so as to drive the first ball screw 12 and the second ball screw 21 to rotate.
The front wall of the shell 13 is provided with a water inlet 14 near the bottom, the water inlet 14 is positioned between the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22, the water inlet 14 is communicated with a drainage tube 18, the seawater salinity monitoring device 17 is a conductivity tester and is arranged on the drainage tube 18 and used for monitoring the salinity of seawater flowing into the shell 13 from the drainage tube 18, and the top wall of the shell 13 is provided with a water outlet 9 for enabling the desalted seawater to flow out.
The infrared range finder 6 is arranged on the left wall of the shell 13, the seawater salinity monitoring device 17, the electrode plate 8, the adjusting device, the infrared range finder 6 and the control system 20 are all connected with the power supply system, and the seawater salinity monitoring device 17, the infrared range finder 6 and the motor 1 are all connected with the control system 20. The seawater salinity monitoring device 17 and the infrared distance meter 6 transmit the measured signals to the control system 20, and the control system 20 controls the rotation of the motor 1 according to the signals transmitted by the seawater salinity monitoring device 17 and the infrared distance meter 6 so as to adjust the distance between the two motor boards 8.
The infrared distance meter 6 is used for monitoring the distance between the infrared distance meter and the first electrode plate 8, and the distance between the two electrode plates at any time is obtained through the operational relation. The control system compares the signal fed back by the infrared distance measuring instrument 6 with the critical state, and judges whether the distance between the two electrode plates can be continuously adjusted. The first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 are automatically reset each time the desalting work is completed. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the initial distance between the infrared distance meter 6 and the first electrode plate 8 is D, the maximum distance M between the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 is L +2D, the minimum distance M is 2a, and at a certain moment, the distance between the infrared distance meter and the electrode plate is D, when the distance between the infrared distance meter and the electrode plate is D, the distance between the infrared distance meter and the electrode plate is D
Meanwhile, the distance between the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 can be continuously adjusted; when D is 0 or
When the motor is running, the infrared distance meter 6 sends a signal to the control system, and the control system controls the motor 1 to stop rotating.
The conductivity of the seawater is generally 30000 us/cm. When seawater to be desalted flows into the CDI device through the drainage tube 18 and the device water inlet 14, the conductivity tester 17 automatically monitors the conductivity K of the seawater, when K <30000us/cm, the salinity of the seawater is considered to be low, and according to the principle that the current density is unchanged, the distance between the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 should be reduced. At this time, if the distance between the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 can be further adjusted, the control system controls the motor 1 to rotate forward, and when the motor 1 rotates forward, the distance between the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 decreases because the first ball screw 12 and the second ball screw 21 have opposite screw directions. When K is more than 30000us/cm, the salinity of the seawater is considered to be higher, the control system controls the motor 1 to rotate reversely, so that the distance between the first electrode plate 8 and the second electrode plate 22 is increased, and the desalted seawater flows out from the water outlet 9 of the device.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A self-adaptive seawater desalination device is characterized by comprising a power supply system, a seawater salinity monitoring device (17), an infrared range finder (6), a control system (20) and a capacitive deionization device;
the capacitive deionization device comprises a shell (13), a first electrode plate (8), a second electrode plate (22) and an adjusting device for adjusting the distance between the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22), wherein the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22) are arranged in the shell (13) in parallel and are connected with the inner wall of the shell (13) in a sliding and sealing manner, the adjusting device is connected with the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22), a water inlet (14) is formed in the side surface of the shell (13) close to the bottom, the water inlet (14) is positioned between the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22), the water inlet (14) is communicated with a drainage tube (18), and a seawater salinity monitoring device (17) is arranged on the drainage tube (18) and is used for monitoring the salinity of seawater flowing into the shell (13) from the drainage tube (18), a water outlet (9) for enabling the desalted seawater to flow out is formed in the shell (13);
the adjusting device comprises a motor (1), a transmission device (2), a rotating shaft (3), a belt (4), a first ball screw (12) and a second ball screw (21) with opposite thread directions, a first electrode plate (8) is fixedly arranged on a transmission nut on the first ball screw (12), a second electrode plate (22) is fixedly arranged on a transmission nut on the second ball screw (21), bosses are arranged at the head ends of the first ball screw (12) and the second ball screw (21) respectively, the two bosses are arranged oppositely and have a certain distance, the tail ends of the first ball screw (12) and the second ball screw (21) respectively penetrate through opposite side surfaces of the shell (13) and are positioned outside the shell (13), and the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22) are symmetrical about the center of the shell (13);
the motor (1) drives the rotating shaft (3) to rotate through the transmission device (2), belt wheels (7) matched with the belt (4) are fixed at the two ends of the rotating shaft (3) and the tail ends of the first ball screw (12) and the second ball screw (21), the two ends of the rotating shaft (3) are respectively connected with the tail ends of the first ball screw (12) and the second ball screw (21) through the belt (4), and therefore the first ball screw (12) and the second ball screw (21) are driven to rotate;
the infrared distance meter (6) is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (13) and is used for measuring the distance between the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22), the seawater salinity monitoring device (17) is a conductivity tester, the seawater salinity monitoring device (17), the electrode plate (8), the adjusting device, the infrared distance meter (6) and the control system (20) are all connected with a power supply system, the seawater salinity monitoring device (17), the infrared distance meter (6) and the adjusting device are all connected with a control system (20), the seawater salinity monitoring device (17) and the infrared distance meter (6) transmit the measured signals to the control system (20), the control system (20) controls the adjusting device according to signals transmitted by the seawater salinity monitoring device (17) and the infrared range finder (6) so as to adjust the distance between the two electrode plates (8).
2. An adaptive seawater desalination plant according to claim 1, wherein the transmission (2) comprises a first gear and a second gear which are engaged with each other, the first gear is coaxially and fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (3), and the second gear is coaxially and fixedly mounted on the motor shaft of the motor (1).
3. The adaptive seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein the four inner walls of the casing (13) in sliding and sealing connection with the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22) are provided with grooves, the grooves are arranged along the sliding direction of the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22), the four sides of the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22) are provided with protrusions matched with the grooves, and the protrusions are located in the corresponding grooves and can slide along the grooves.
4. The adaptive seawater desalination device of claim 1 or 3, wherein the four sides of the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22) are provided with silica gel (5).
5. A self-adaptive seawater desalination device according to claim 3, wherein a spring (9) is arranged in the groove between each protrusion and the opposite side wall of the shell (13), and two ends of the spring (9) are respectively fixedly connected with the protrusion and the side wall of the shell (13).
6. The adaptive seawater desalination device of claim 3, wherein a first sealing ring (10) is arranged between each of the first electrode plate (8) and the second electrode plate (22) and the corresponding transmission nut, and a second sealing ring (11) is arranged between each of the first ball screw (12) and the second ball screw (21) and the side wall of the housing (13) through which the first ball screw passes.
7. The adaptive seawater desalination device of claim 1, wherein the casing (13) is made of an insulating material, the casing (13) comprises a left half casing and a right half casing which are symmetrical to each other, four opposite corners of the left half casing and the right half casing are provided with threaded through holes, four fixing bolts (16) respectively penetrate through the four threaded through holes, and nuts (15) are connected to the fixing bolts (16) to fixedly connect the left half casing (13) and the right half casing (13).
8. The adaptive seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein the power supply system is a solar photovoltaic system comprising a solar panel (19), a photovoltaic controller and a storage battery.
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| RU2134240C1 (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1999-08-10 | Волгоградский завод оросительной техники (АО "ОРТЕХ") | Desalting gear |
| CN104229955B (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-05-04 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | The electrodialytic water treatment system of a kind of intelligent thermoregulating, pressure regulation and ultrasonication |
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| CN207209080U (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-04-10 | 天津富鑫达环保设备科技有限公司 | A kind of garbage reclamation room for being equiped with advertisement position |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104864172A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-08-26 | 魏亚亚 | Core device of multifunctional faucet |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2134240C1 (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1999-08-10 | Волгоградский завод оросительной техники (АО "ОРТЕХ") | Desalting gear |
| CN104229955B (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-05-04 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | The electrodialytic water treatment system of a kind of intelligent thermoregulating, pressure regulation and ultrasonication |
| CN205352990U (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-06-29 | 河南工程学院 | Quiet electric desalination test device |
| CN105906000A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-08-31 | 常州大学 | High-efficiency detachable multistage electric-adsorption water treatment module |
| CN205973924U (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-22 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Brackish water desalination system based on solar energy power generation |
| CN207209080U (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-04-10 | 天津富鑫达环保设备科技有限公司 | A kind of garbage reclamation room for being equiped with advertisement position |
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