CN108654811A - 一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法 - Google Patents

一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法 Download PDF

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CN108654811A
CN108654811A CN201810218278.4A CN201810218278A CN108654811A CN 108654811 A CN108654811 A CN 108654811A CN 201810218278 A CN201810218278 A CN 201810218278A CN 108654811 A CN108654811 A CN 108654811A
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micro
plastics
micron order
quickly prepares
liquid nitrogen
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隋延鸣
刘萌
刘一萌
郑亮
来琦芳
高鹏程
史会帅
赵鑫
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East China Sea Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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East China Sea Fishery Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/10—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/14—Mills in which the charge to be ground is turned over by movements of the container other than by rotating, e.g. by swinging, vibrating, tilting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，包括：(1)将微塑料原料剪裁，得到粗颗粒；随后放于液氮中冷冻，得到冰冻粗颗粒；(2)将上述冰冻粗颗粒与钢珠一起置于组织研磨仪中振动，将粉碎的物料经筛网筛滤得到毫米级微塑料；(3)将上述毫米级微塑料放于液氮中冷冻，然后再与钢珠一起置于组织研磨仪中振动，将粉碎的物料经筛网筛滤得到微米级微塑料。本发明过程简单快速，为微塑料的科学实验原材料和微塑料的处理方面提供了有力支持和保障。

Description

一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法
技术领域
本发明属于微塑料领域，特别涉及一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法。
背景技术
在研究环境中微塑料污染物对生物造成的危害时进行定性、定量分析时，需要实验室对塑料进行处理，以研究微塑料在生物体内的定性和定量的分析。目前的实验室制备微塑料大多采用人工的方法，整个制备过程时间长，产量低，效率差而且存在颗粒大小达不到微塑料的范围等问题，因此，有必要对现有的技术进行优化和创新，以找到一种快速、大量和高效的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，该方法过程简单快速，为微塑料的科学实验原材料和微塑料的处理方面提供了有力支持和保障。
本发明提供了一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，包括：
(1)将微塑料原料剪裁，得到粗颗粒；随后放于液氮中冷冻，得到冰冻粗颗粒；
(2)将上述冰冻粗颗粒与钢珠一起置于组织研磨仪中振动，将粉碎的物料经筛网筛滤得到毫米级微塑料；
(3)将上述毫米级微塑料放于液氮中冷冻，然后再与钢珠一起置于组织研磨仪中振动，将粉碎的物料经筛网筛滤得到微米级微塑料。
所述步骤(1)中的微塑料的材质包括但不仅限于聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯或ABS。
所述步骤(1)中的剪裁方法应为不改变材质化学性状的一种方法，包括但不仅限于物理方法。
所述微塑料不含硬度高于组织研磨仪钢珠的杂质。
所述步骤(1)放于液氮中冷冻的时间为1-5min；所述步骤(3)放于液氮中冷冻的时间为5-8min；液氮的用量应为完全淹没所冷冻材料。液氮的冷冻时间可根据物料多少进行选择，物料越少，时间越长，冷冻效果越好。
所述步骤(2)和(3)中的钢珠规格为0.1～30mm。材质越坚硬，则选择直径越大钢珠；钢珠直径规格越小，研磨后出料直径越小。
所述步骤(2)和(3)中的振动频率为30～50Hz，振动时间为30～120s。
所述步骤(2)中的筛网目数为10-20目；所述步骤(3)中的筛网目数为50-200目。
有益效果
本发明过程简单快速，为现阶段实验室内通过人工方法获得微米级微塑料提供了方案，并且其适用范围广泛，可针对多种材质，目前海洋环境、水质安全等行业所发现的微塑料材质都可以进行模拟制作，且流程简单，成本低廉，不受地理环境、操作难易度等因素的影响，为微塑料的科学实验原材料和微塑料的处理方面提供了有力支持和保障。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
将已经裁剪好的材质为聚乙烯的塑料，与10粒5mm钢珠共同放到液氮冷冻脆化3分钟后，将组织研磨仪(上海净信生产)振动频率设置为65Hz，振动时间为45s。经过10目筛网，得到约2mm大小的微塑料。再次将其与5粒2mm钢珠放入液氮中冷冻脆化6分钟后，将振动频率设置为75Hz，振动时间为90s.，经过50目筛网，得到约0.3mm大小的微塑料。
实施例2
将已经裁剪好的材质为聚氯乙烯的塑料，与8粒3mm钢珠共同放到液氮冷冻脆化2分钟后，将组织研磨仪(上海净信生产)振动频率设置为60Hz，振动时间为30s。经过20目筛网，得到约1.5mm大小的微塑料。再次将其与10粒1mm钢珠放入液氮中冷冻脆化8分钟后，将振动频率设置为75Hz，振动时间为120s.，经过200目的筛网，得到约0.08mm大小的微塑料。

Claims (7)

1.一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，包括：
(1)将微塑料原料剪裁，得到粗颗粒；随后放于液氮中冷冻，得到冰冻粗颗粒；
(2)将上述冰冻粗颗粒与钢珠一起置于组织研磨仪中振动，将粉碎的物料经筛网筛滤得到毫米级微塑料；
(3)将上述毫米级微塑料放于液氮中冷冻，然后再与钢珠一起置于组织研磨仪中振动，将粉碎的物料经筛网筛滤得到微米级微塑料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中的微塑料的材质为聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯或ABS。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，其特征在于：所述微塑料不含硬度高于组织研磨仪钢珠的杂质。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)放于液氮中冷冻的时间为1-5min；所述步骤(3)放于液氮中冷冻的时间为5-8min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)和(3)中的钢珠规格为0.1～30mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)和(3)中的振动频率为30～50Hz，振动时间为30～120s。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(2)中的筛网目数为10-20目；所述步骤(3)中的筛网目数为50-200目。
CN201810218278.4A 2018-03-16 2018-03-16 一种实验室快速制备微米级微塑料的方法 Pending CN108654811A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109648742A (zh) * 2018-11-27 2019-04-19 暨南大学 一种不规则形状微塑料及其制备方法和应用
CN110721775A (zh) * 2019-09-11 2020-01-24 范金忠 一种水泥熟料生产用粉磨设备
CN113618966A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-11-09 陕西师范大学 一种微塑料与生物炭的分离方法
CN114349378A (zh) * 2021-12-16 2022-04-15 杨灿敏 一种复合纳米材料及其制备方法

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CN1191498A (zh) * 1995-06-07 1998-08-26 肯尼思F·帕菲多 从车辆轮胎制造废胶粉的方法和设备
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109648742A (zh) * 2018-11-27 2019-04-19 暨南大学 一种不规则形状微塑料及其制备方法和应用
CN110721775A (zh) * 2019-09-11 2020-01-24 范金忠 一种水泥熟料生产用粉磨设备
CN110721775B (zh) * 2019-09-11 2021-02-09 江苏新业重工股份有限公司 一种水泥熟料生产用粉磨设备
CN113618966A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-11-09 陕西师范大学 一种微塑料与生物炭的分离方法
CN113618966B (zh) * 2021-08-30 2022-12-27 陕西师范大学 一种微塑料与生物炭的分离方法
CN114349378A (zh) * 2021-12-16 2022-04-15 杨灿敏 一种复合纳米材料及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20181016