CN108654309B - A kind of fluidized bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of fluidized bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108654309B CN108654309B CN201810480786.XA CN201810480786A CN108654309B CN 108654309 B CN108654309 B CN 108654309B CN 201810480786 A CN201810480786 A CN 201810480786A CN 108654309 B CN108654309 B CN 108654309B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
- B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
- B01D53/12—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
- B01D2253/108—Zeolites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/414—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents
- B01D2259/4141—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fluidized beds and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus and method, are related to exhaust-gas treatment field, including fluidisation section and expansion arc；It fluidizes the molecular sieve filled in section and expansion arc and is used as adsorbent, the poisonous and harmful substance in efficient absorption exhaust gas, gas flow rate is big using fluidizing in section, and gas flux is big, and the rate of adsorption is big；Gas flow rate is slightly slow in expansion arc, swelling state is in bed, filler contact surface is big, gives full play of the characterization of adsorption of molecular sieve；Present invention incorporates the technical characterstics of fluidized bed and expanded bed, fluidize section and utilize its rate of adsorption big, quick adsorption；Expansion arc is big using its contact surface, reinforces adsorption effect；Present apparatus structure is simple, and operation maintenance is easy, and applied widely, removal rate is up to 90% or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to exhaust-gas treatment fields, and in particular to a kind of fluidized bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification fill
It sets and method.
Background technique
Organic exhaust gas is the most common pollutant that petrochemical industry, spray painting, pharmacy, printing are discharged.These organic exhaust gas
It will cause air pollution, endanger human health, wherein most is all the murder by poisoning to human health and environment.Some organic substances
It is listed in carcinogenic substance, such as benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, vinyl chloride, acetonitrile etc..Due to the risk of volatile organic gases, most enterprises
It is produced in active procedure at it and all generates a certain amount of exhaust gas unavoidably, these exhaust gas generated are directly discharged to just can not in atmosphere
Ground-to-air gas is avoided to pollute, the current fact is that Exhaust gas species caused by industrial production are various, with every country pair
The consciousness of environmental protection is reinforced, and waste gas pollution control and treatment technology is also rapidly developed, and for same exhaust gas, there is a variety of at present
Treatment process, the performance of different Treatment process also can be multifarious.
There are two main classes for the method for VOCs treatment at present: one kind is absorption method, and another kind of is absorption method.The present invention makes
Molecular sieve belongs to absorption law areas.
Molecular sieve can effectively adsorb all kinds of points because having great specific surface area as a kind of novel adsorbent
Son possesses excellent absorption property.For the industries such as petrochemical industry, packaging, printing, pharmacy, leather generate a large amount of benzene, toluene,
The organic exhaust gas such as butanone, ethyl acetate are able to carry out effective Adsorption.
Fluidized-bed reactor is a kind of to be in solid particle by granular solids layer using gas or liquid to suspend
Motion state, the reactor of go forward side by side promoting the circulation of qi solid phase reaction process or liquid and solid phase reaction process.Fluidized bed is as a kind of good anti-
Device type is answered, have many advantages, such as that heat transfer, mass-transfer efficiency are high and easily realizes serialization operate in large scale, is that one kind is led in exhaust-gas treatment
The adsorption plant of great potential in domain.
Expanded bed adsorption technology, which is that one kind of the nineties appearance is novel, isolates and purifies means, it combines fluidized bed and fills out
The advantages of filling bed absorption, when material is fashionable from expanded bed bottom pump, the adsorbent in bed expands upwards to some extent, passes through essence
The heart designs the structure and expansion bed apparatus of adsorbent, can make adsorbent than it is more loose, uniform, be steadily distributed in bed,
To reduce the back-mixing degree of material.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems, such as that exhaust gas removal absorbs, the invention proposes a kind of fluidized beds and expanded bed composite molecular screen exhaust gas
Purification device removes processing exhaust gas.
The present invention to achieve the above objectives, is realized by technical solution below:
A kind of fluidized bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, including fluidisation section I and expansion arc II；The stream
Changing section I includes gas distribution filter, globular molecule sieve and discharge port；The expansion arc II includes porous plate, column molecular sieve and porous
Baffle；Gas enters blower by air inlet, and the space where electric heater unit is blown into through blower is heated, and passes through setting
Gas distribution filter gas distribution in the fluidisation bottom section I enters globular molecule sieve and is absorbed and filter again；It sieves and inhales by globular molecule
Attached filtered gas reaches the space where column molecular sieve by the porous plate of the expansion arc II of bottom, by column molecule
The gas filtered again is sieved to flow out via perforated baffle from gas outlet.
Further, fluidisation section discharge port and expansion arc discharge port are offered on the fluidisation section I and expansion arc II respectively.
Further, which is column structure, and the ratio of height to diameter of purification device is in (3~5): 1；Purification device size
Scaling is carried out according to actual treatment tolerance.
Further, 1~3mm of partial size of the globular molecule sieve, bulk density are 0.6~0.8kg/L, fluidize section I
Volume is whole device 1/2, and the filler of globular molecule sieve is alumino-silicate or zeolite, and filling rate 50~60% fluidizes section I
Interior gas flow rate is in 2.43~5.42m/s.
Further, 2~3mm of partial size of the column molecular sieve, length are 3~8cm；The expansion arc II volume accounts for dress
1/4 set；The filler of column molecular sieve is alumino-silicate or zeolite, and filling rate is 80~90%.
Further, the porous plate, which is used to separate fluidisation section I and expansion arc II, prevents material back-mixing.
Further, the blower is frequency conversion fan, and the outlet end of blower is equipped with flowmeter.
Method based on fluidized bed Yu expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, includes the following steps:
Step 1: the premenstrual processing section of exhaust gas is dusted: being entered via air inlet, is uniformly ascended by gas distribution filter
Fluidize section I；Gas is contacted after entering fluidisation section I with the globular molecule sieve wherein filled, due to gas flow rate in fluidisation section I
It is higher, so that filler alumino-silicate and zeolite in globular molecule sieve be made to keep suspended motion state；Gas by with it is spherical
Molecular sieve comes into full contact with, and then reaches the adsorption cleaning of pollutant component, and fluidisation section I purification efficiency is 60~70%；
Step 2: by fluidisation section I, treated that exhaust gas continues to rise through after porous plate enters expansion arc II and wherein
The column molecular sieve of filling contacts；Since the flow velocity of gas in expansion arc II is low, expansion amplitude is small between molecular sieve, and filling rate is more
Height, the interior adsorbent filled of unit volume is more therefore stronger for the adsorption capacity of odorant, expansion arc II purification efficiency
It is 70~80%.
Further, the setting of the fluidisation section I critical flow velocity, can be used empirical equation
Umf=8.2775W-0.3764H0 -1.977
Wherein, critical flow velocity Umf, W is the work intensity of molecular sieve, H0For packing layer static height.
Wherein W is the work intensity of molecular sieve, H0For packing layer static height.Required gas in apparatus of the present invention fluidized bed
Flow velocity exists according to the work intensity and packing layer static height selection range of molecular sieve, determining fluidisation section gas flow rate range
2.43~5.42m/s.
Fluidized bed reactor is usually at high temperature or higher than working in the state of environment temperature.The bed temperature of fluidized bed
(abbreviation bed temperature Tb) it is different when, bed flow characteristic is different.The flow behavior of fluidized bed is mainly by the critical flow velocity U of bedmfInto
Row characterizes, and the relationship between void tower flow velocity and temperature in device can pass through the critical flow velocity U for calculating resulting bedmfIt carries out
Estimation obtains.It is estimated according to Gorosnkn formula and obtains device fluidisation section gas required temperature at 80 DEG C~110 DEG C.
In apparatus of the present invention, airflow-distribution board is to guarantee that reactor has good and stabilization fluid state important building,
Its reasonability designed is even more important for the fluidized-bed reactor of unstable uneven fluidised form.The template of airflow-distribution board compared with
It is more, it common are the types such as porous plate, wind type, multitube.Apparatus of the present invention select that structure is simple, the preferable porous type of applicability
Air distribution plate.For air distribution plate, most important design parameter is the determination for gas distribution packing free ratio, this will be directly related to gas
The distribution of stream with and rectification stablize.Determination for percent opening is mainly calculated according to gas distribution critical pressure drop method.
Wherein A0For bed sectional area, A is sectional area at gas access, and δ is distribution grid resistance coefficient.Apparatus of the present invention cloth
The percent opening of gas plate and gas distribution filter is 9.8%~12.6%.
The utility model has the advantages that
1. exhaust gas purifying method of the invention, be various organic solvents are adsorbed by molecular sieve, particulate matter has with toxic
The modes such as evil substance are handled.It is particularly suitable for the improvement of Wind Volume, complicated component off-gas flows.According to actual operating conditions
With job requirement, it is designed transformation, the exhaust gas suitable for various conditions is disposed.
2. invention makes full use of the processing capacity of fluidized bed big, the fast feature of processing speed, as purification device
The preliminary quick adsorption of first segment receives the substance in exhaust gas.It is then big using expanded bed filling rate, the big feature of filler contact area,
Further strengthen adsorption capacity, improves removal effect.Apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, easy to operate, and operating cost is low, for work
Make environment with good applicability.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing be the present invention relates to the structure of fluidized bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus a kind of show
It is intended to.
Appended drawing reference is as follows:
1 air inlet, 2 blowers, 3 flowmeters, 4 electric heater units, 5 gas distribution filters, 6 fluidisation section discharge ports, 7 discharge port valves
Door, 8 globular molecules sieve, 9 fluidisation section manholes, 10 conical baffled, 11 porous plates, 12 expansion arc discharge ports, 13 column molecular sieves, 14
Expansion arc manhole, 15 perforated baffles, 16 gas outlets, I- fluidize section, II- expansion arc.
Specific embodiment
To be understood the present invention is further, further explanation is done now in conjunction with attached drawing:
In conjunction with shown in attached drawing 1, a kind of fluidized bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, including fluidisation section I and
Expansion arc II；The fluidisation section I includes gas distribution filter 5, globular molecule sieve 8 and discharge port 6；The expansion arc II includes porous plate
11, column molecular sieve 13 and perforated baffle 15；Gas enters blower 2 by air inlet 1, is blown into electric heater unit 4 through blower 2
The space at place is heated, and by the way that 5 gas distribution of gas distribution filter of the fluidisation bottom section I is arranged in, is entered globular molecule sieve 8 and is carried out
It absorbs and filter again；Gas after 8 adsorption filtration of globular molecule sieve is reached by the porous plate 11 of the expansion arc II of bottom
Space where column molecular sieve 13, the gas filtered again by column molecular sieve 13 is via perforated baffle 15 from gas outlet 16
Outflow.
Fluidisation section I makes solid particle be in suspended motion using gas or liquid using a kind of by granular solids layer
State, the reactor of go forward side by side promoting the circulation of qi solid phase reaction process or liquid and solid phase reaction process.The working performance of expansion arc II combines stream
Change bed and packed bed adsorptive reactor, using wherein be in swelling state filler efficient absorption exhaust gas in various substances,
And then achieve the purpose that purify exhaust gas.
The course of work:
The premenstrual processing section of exhaust gas is dusted, and accelerates into the bottom of device through 2 air blast of frequency conversion fan by air inlet 1, is become
There are flow meters 3 among the pipeline that frequency blower 2 is connect with device, frequency conversion fan 2 can be made according to the numerical value that flowmeter 3 reflects
Adjustment.Bottom of device is provided with electric heater unit 4, treats processing gas and is heated, and so that gas is reached preference temperature and enters stream
Change section I, by 5 gas distribution of gas distribution filter, gas uniformly ascends into fluidisation section I and contacts with globular molecule sieve 8.Fluidize section I gas
Flow velocity is big, and gas flux is big in the unit time, can tentatively remove the substance to be removed in gas, the estimated purification effect of fluidisation section I
Rate can reach 60-70%.Because gas flow rate is big in this section, gas is larger for the impact of molecular sieve, for the power of molecular sieve
It is higher to learn architectural characteristic requirement, so the better global molecular sieve 8 of mechanical characteristic is selected to be used as adsorbent.On exhaust gas continues later
It rises and is contacted into expansion arc II with column molecular sieve 13 by porous plate 11.Gas flow rate is compared to fluidisation section I in expansion arc II
Inside want small, the mechanical characteristic of the interior adsorbent filled is of less demanding, using the better column molecular sieve 13 of economy.It is swollen
Gas flow rate is small in swollen section of II, and filler degrees of expansion is small in bed, and filling rate is higher, can fill more adsorbents.Pass through
Gas comes into full contact with molecular sieve, and then reaches the adsorption cleaning of pollutant component, which reaches 70-80%, whole
Purification efficiency up to 90% or more.
The control for fluidizing gas flow rate in section is realized in apparatus of the present invention, uses 2 air-blowing of frequency conversion fan,
Make the gas to be processed entered in device that there is certain flow velocity, is provided with a gas flowmeter 3 in fluidisation section I, surveys in real time
Determine the gas flow rate in device, according to the reference value of design, frequency conversion adjustment can be carried out to frequency conversion fan 2, to obtain corresponding gas
Body flow velocity.Electric heater unit 4 is provided in apparatus of the present invention near air inlet 1, it will be to the gas to be processed for entering bottom of device
Body is heated, and makes up to temperature range required by device fluidisation section I, the control for temperature is supervised in real time by temperature
Control device reflects gas temperature in device in real time, and the power of electric heating equipment is adjusted according to relative program, is reached with this for dress
Set the control of interior gas temperature.
The effect of fluidisation section discharge port 6 and expansion arc discharge port 12 is by the globular molecule sieve 8 and column point of adsorption saturation
The 13 progress blanking of son sieve is lived again, and fluidisation section discharge port 6 is nearby provided with discharge port valve 7, and controllable fluidisation section discharge port 6 is opened
With close.Fluidisation section manhole 9 and expansion arc discharge port 14 are that personnel is facilitated to observe device inner workings, while being globular molecules
Sieve 8 fills out the channel of operation with the laggard luggage of 13 adsorption saturation of column molecular sieve.Conical baffled 10 effect is mentioned for porous plate 11
For Support Position, additionally energy fluidizing section I, expansion arc II, prevent material back-mixing.
The embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, not
In the case where substantive content of the invention, any conspicuous improvement that those skilled in the art can make, replacement
Or modification all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of fluidized bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, including fluidisation section I and expansion arc II；Its feature exists
In: the fluidisation section I includes gas distribution filter (5), globular molecule sieve (8) and fluidisation section discharge port (6)；The expansion arc II includes
Porous plate (11), column molecular sieve (13) and perforated baffle (15)；Gas enters blower (2) by air inlet (1), through blower
(2) space where being blown into electric heater unit (4) is heated, by gas distribution filter (5) cloth that the fluidisation bottom section I is arranged in
Gas enters globular molecule sieve (8) and is absorbed and filter again；Gas after globular molecule sieve (8) adsorption filtration passes through
The porous plate (11) of the expansion arc II of bottom reaches the space where column molecular sieve (13), again by column molecular sieve (13)
The gas of filtering is flowed out via perforated baffle (15) from gas outlet (16)；Gas flow rate is higher in fluidisation section I, sieves globular molecule
(8) filler in keeps suspended motion state, and after fluidizing section I, the flow velocity of gas is lower, and gas enters expansion arc II
Interior, since gas flow rate is low, and column molecular sieve (13) filling rate is high, therefore stronger to the adsorption capacity of odorant.
2. fluidized bed according to claim 1 and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, which is characterized in that described
Fluidisation section discharge port (6) and expansion arc discharge port (12) are offered respectively on fluidisation section I and expansion arc II.
3. fluidized bed according to claim 1 and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, which is characterized in that this is net
Makeup is set to column structure, and the ratio of height to diameter of purification device is in (3~5): 1.
4. fluidized bed according to claim 1 and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, which is characterized in that described
Globular molecule sieves the 1~3mm of partial size of (8), and bulk density is 0.6~0.8kg/L, and fluidisation section I volume is whole device 1/2,
The filler that globular molecule sieves (8) is alumino-silicate or zeolite, and filling rate 50~60% fluidizes gas flow rate in section I and exists
2.43~5.42m/s.
5. fluidized bed according to claim 1 and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, which is characterized in that described
2~3mm of partial size of column molecular sieve (13), length are 3~8cm；The expansion arc II volume accounts for the 1/4 of device；Column molecule
The filler for sieving (13) is alumino-silicate or zeolite, and filling rate is 80~90%.
6. fluidized bed according to claim 1 and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, which is characterized in that described
Porous plate (11), which is used to separate fluidisation section I and expansion arc II, prevents material back-mixing.
7. fluidized bed according to claim 1 and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, which is characterized in that described
Blower (2) is frequency conversion fan, and the outlet end of blower (2) is equipped with flowmeter (3).
8. the purification method of fluidized bed according to claim 1 and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus, special
Sign is, includes the following steps:
Step 1: the premenstrual processing section of exhaust gas is dusted: via air inlet (1) enter, uniformly risen by gas distribution filter (5) into
Enter to fluidize section I；Gas is contacted after entering fluidisation section I with the globular molecule sieve (8) wherein filled, due to gas in fluidisation section I
Body flow velocity is higher, so that filler alumino-silicate and zeolite in globular molecule sieve (8) be made to keep suspended motion state；Gas is logical
It crosses and is come into full contact with globular molecule sieve (8), and then reach the adsorption cleaning of pollutant component, fluidisation section I purification efficiency is 60~
70%；
Step 2: by fluidisation section I, treated that exhaust gas continues rises through porous plate (11) into after expansion arc II and wherein
The column molecular sieve (13) of filling contacts；Since the flow velocity of gas in expansion arc II is low, expansion amplitude is small between molecular sieve, filling
Rate is higher, and the adsorbent filled in unit volume is more therefore stronger for the adsorption capacity of odorant, expansion arc II purification
Efficiency is 70~80%.
9. purification method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the setting of the fluidisation section I critical flow velocity, using warp
Test formula
Umf=8.2775W-0.3764H0 -1.977
Wherein, critical flow velocity Umf, W is the work intensity of molecular sieve, H0For packing layer static height.
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| CN201810480786.XA CN108654309B (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2018-05-18 | A kind of fluidized bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus and method |
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| CN108654309B true CN108654309B (en) | 2019-12-03 |
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| CN110038360B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2021-07-23 | 镇江江南化工有限公司 | Method for removing fog drops in gas by combining glass ball expansion bed with coalescer |
| CN115155250B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-11-14 | 武汉劲康动力工程有限公司 | Generator set tail gas purification device and purification method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1286131A (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-07 | 普拉塞尔技术有限公司 | Limitor for adsorber bed |
| CN2523489Y (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2002-12-04 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional cooker hood |
| CN102421514A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2012-04-18 | 阿文德·马立纳什·拉里 | Continuous countercurrent fluidized moving bed (fmb) and/or expanded moving bed (emb) |
-
2018
- 2018-05-18 CN CN201810480786.XA patent/CN108654309B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1286131A (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-07 | 普拉塞尔技术有限公司 | Limitor for adsorber bed |
| CN2523489Y (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2002-12-04 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional cooker hood |
| CN102421514A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2012-04-18 | 阿文德·马立纳什·拉里 | Continuous countercurrent fluidized moving bed (fmb) and/or expanded moving bed (emb) |
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