CN108651249A - A kind of panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method - Google Patents
A kind of panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108651249A CN108651249A CN201810245581.3A CN201810245581A CN108651249A CN 108651249 A CN108651249 A CN 108651249A CN 201810245581 A CN201810245581 A CN 201810245581A CN 108651249 A CN108651249 A CN 108651249A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of panax japonicus stereo raise seedling methods, include the following steps:1) initial point selection and processing;2) seedling culture frame prepares;3) prepared by seedbed;4) it sows;5) seedling management and transplanting.The present invention carries out three-dimensional seedling raising using seedling culture frame to panax japonicus seed, thickness of sowing is uniform, and manual control seedling raising environment can be passed through, planting percent is up to 98% or more, solve the problems, such as easy burn seedlings, dead seedling in traditional panax japonicus crop field storage property seedling raising process, it reduces to the hand labor cost of its daily management, it can be achieved that the industrial seedling rearing of panax japonicus, has important production meaning.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicinal plant planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method.
Background technology
Panax japonicus (Panax japonicusC. A. Mey) it is araliaceae ginseng plant, alias:Panax japonicus, bamboo
Radix Notoginseng, northern Radix Notoginseng, wild Radix Notoginseng etc. are saved, is rare " seven classes " Chinese herbal medicine of China's Precious, Rare, Endangered, is both to be also《The People's Republic of China (PRC)
Pharmacopeia》(2015 editions)Kind is recorded, is used as medicine with drying root-like stock, there is sweet in flavor, slight bitter dissipate stasis of blood hemostasis, swelling and pain relieving, eliminating the phlegm to stop
The effect of cough, Xu-tonic, has both southern medicine pseudo-ginseng blood-circulation-invigovating stagnation resolvation and the strong function of northern medicine ginseng tonic, is mainly used for consumptive disease and coughs to cough up
The diseases such as blood, injury from falling down, coughing with a lot of sputum, eak after being ill.With the further investigation in terms of the pharmacological effect to panax japonicus, also have
The pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory and antalgic, antifatigue, hypoglycemic, anti-aging, immunological regulation, protect liver, wild resource are mainly sporadicly distributed
Alpine region near 30 ° of lines of north latitude of the provinces such as Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang,
But wild resource has been on the verge of exhaustion.Since last century late nineteen eighties, Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine is to ring
Join wild turn of family and plant cultivation research and succeed, panax japonicus large area artificial cultivation be distributed mainly on enshi the townshiies Xin Tang,
The alpine region in the small towns such as stone kiln township, the townshiies Chun Muying, the townshiies Zhong Ying, the townshiies Huo Longping, township of level ground battalion.In recent years, with to panax japonicus
The exploitation of the health products such as the further investigation of pharmacological effect and panax japonicus oral solution, panax japonicus series wine, ring ginseng dripping pill, ring
The price of ginseng is risen violently 80~100 yuan/jin till now by 20 yuan/jin before 10 years, although panax japonicus is without the market of ginseng and Radix Notoginseng
Occupancy volume, but its market prospects is very considerable.
From after succeeding wild turn of family's plant cultivation research of panax japonicus, artificial cultivation is mainly based on seminal propagation.Mesh
Preceding panax japonicus is all the extensive property nursery in crop field, since thickness of sowing is uneven, builds branch canopy etc., when annual plum rain season, and bamboo
The burn seedlings of section ginseng seedling, dead seedling are serious;Since panax japonicus growth cycle is long, growth of seedling is slow, grown in field crop smothering especially severe,
Panax japonicus is all draft, cannot carry out weeding with herbicide and want artificial weeding, substantially increase hand labor cost in this way.
Thus, how to solve the problems, such as existing panax japonicus seedling burn seedlings, dead seedling and crop smothering, and in terms of daily management and seedling replanting
Reduce hand labor cost, environmentally protective, realization industrial seedling rearing, with important production meaning.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming dead seedling in traditional panax japonicus nursery, crop smothering, labour cost is high, planting percent is low asks
Topic.
For this purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method, include the following steps:
1) initial point selection and processing:Choose full, no disease and pests harm, 4 years strong above plant of life of growth key fruit as seed,
And seed is handled through past exosper, sterilization, storage successively;
2) seedling culture frame prepares:Seedling culture frame is made using detachable moveable 3-D angle steel frame, seedling culture frame is partitioned by aluminium-plastic panel
Multilayer, and sunshade net is set at the top of seedling culture frame, layer of plastic film is taken on sunshade net;
3) prepared by seedbed:Using the mixture of turf and vermiculite as matrix, matrix conduct is packed into multiple non-woven fabrics pockets
Seedbed is put on seedling culture frame successively, and sprayer is used in combination to sprinkle profoundly water matrix;
4) it sows:After the seed broken shell of step 1) storage, the seed of full grains, each seeding in nursery bed one are chosen, then cover
Lid matrix sprinkles profoundly water matrix with sprayer;
5) seedling management and transplanting:Matrix moistening, seedling culture frame ventilation are kept during nursery, can be transplanted after coming up.
Further, it goes that seed is put into nylon net bag when exosper in the step 1), is immersed in the water stranding and goes outside seed
Kind skin.
Further, seed sterilization process is soaked seed 10 minutes using the formalin of concentration 10% in the step 1).
Further, the storage of seeds processing procedure is by seed and wet sand in mass ratio 1 in the step 1):4~1:3 is mixed
Conjunction is mixed thoroughly, is fitted into ventilative gunnysack and the low mountain for being transferred to 4~10 DEG C of temperature is preserved.
Further, during Seed storage, the wet sand is agglomerating with what is pinched, throws away and dissipates for degree.
Further, the length of the seedling culture frame is 160~200cm, and width is 40~50cm, every layer of height is 50~
60cm, the bottom is liftoff 10~20cm.
Further, the preparation process of the matrix is using turf and vermiculite in mass ratio 2:1~3:1 ratio uniform
Mixing, then carry out disinfection, in vinyl house, by the high 30~40cm of matrix heap, while matrix is squirted, then covered with plastic film
Lid, is exposed to the sun 10~15 days.
Further, site preparation before the step 5) transplanting, deep plough 30cm, whole carefully to rake, then presses the wide 1.2m in compartment, furrow width
Compartment face after opening compartment, is made into a watt antiform by 0.3m, and surrounding begins to rehearse ditch;Transplanting is planted using cave, hill spacing 20~27cm, 20~27cm of í,
Per 1 plant of cave.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) this panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method provided by the invention carries out three-dimensional seedling raising using seedling culture frame to panax japonicus seed,
Thickness of sowing is uniform, and can solve traditional panax japonicus crop field up to 98% or more by manual control seedling raising environment, planting percent
In storage property seedling raising process the problem of easy burn seedlings, dead seedling, reduce to the hand labor cost of its daily management, it can be achieved that ring
The industrial seedling rearing of ginseng has important production meaning.
(2) this panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method provided by the invention uses dismountable layer stereo angle steel frame conduct
Seedling culture frame can effectively control thickness of sowing, and seedling culture frame is repeatable by carrying out nursery to panax japonicus seed on seedling culture frame
It utilizes, production cost is low, has saved land resource.
(3) this panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method provided by the invention uses degradable non-woven bag to panax japonicus seed
Nursery is carried out, it is environmentally protective, and during transplanting directly non-woven fabrics plastic bag cultivation can be buried, it is easy to operate.
Specific implementation mode
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
All other embodiment that technical staff is obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps:
(1) initial point selection and processing:By the end of July to August at the beginning of, choose the strong lifes in 4 years of full, no disease and pests harm, growth key in field
The fruit of the above plant is handled through past exosper, sterilization, storage successively as seed, and to seed.
Specifically, the seed chosen first is put into nylon net bag, it is immersed in the water stranding and removes exosper, cleans, dries, be used in combination
10% formalin is soaked seed 10 minutes, and sterilizing processing is carried out;By the seed and wet sand in mass ratio 1 after sterilizing:4
Ratio mixed thoroughly, be fitted into ventilative gunnysack and be transferred to the low mountain of 4~10 DEG C of temperature(400-600 meters of height above sea level)In protected
It deposits, is conducive to the embryo after-ripening for accelerating seed, to improve the germination percentage of seed.
Optimization, seed will often pay attention to preventing wet sand from drying during low mountain preserves, and be pinched with wet sand agglomerating, throw away it
It dissipates for degree.If wet sand overly moist, seed is easy mould growth;Wet sand overdrying can then influence seed embryo after-ripening, reduce germination
Rate.
(2) seedling culture frame prepares:Seedling culture frame is made using detachable moveable 3-D angle steel frame, steelframe overall length 200cm is wide
50cm, totally three layers, per floor height 60cm, the bottom is liftoff 20cm, every layer is separated using aluminium-plastic panel.Sunshade is set at the top of seedling culture frame
Net takes layer of plastic film on sunshade net, prevents from raining and drips and influence to be placed on the seedbed seedling raising process on seedling culture frame.
(3) prepared by seedbed
A, matrix prepares, using turf and vermiculite in mass ratio 2:The mixture of 1 ratio uniform mixing is as matrix;Further
Optimization, matrix carries out disinfection after mixing, and in vinyl house, by the high 30cm of matrix heap after disinfection, length regards practical
Depending on dosage situation, while matrix is squirted using clear water, then use covered rearing with plastic film matrix, is exposed to the sun 10 days.
B, seedbed preparation, using diameter 7cm, the non-woven fabrics pocket of high 12cm contains the above-mentioned matrix got ready, and will contain
The non-woven fabrics pocket of matrix is placed on seedling culture frame successively, is sprinkled profoundly water matrix with sprayer, in case sowing.Wherein non-woven fabrics mouth
Bag is that degradable material is made, environmentally protective, and directly non-woven fabrics plastic bag cultivation can be buried during follow-up transplanting, operation side
Just.
(4) it sows:Early March chooses the seed of full grains after the seed broken shell stored, in each non-woven fabrics pocket
Sowing one, then the matrix of 0.5cm thickness is covered, matrix is sprinkled profoundly water with sprayer.
(5) seedling management and transplanting:It prevents matrix drying from should spray water in time during nursery, keeps matrix moistening, seedling culture frame
Ventilation.It can be transplanted after coming up mid-March in next year.
Further, site preparation before seedling replanting, deep plough 30cm, whole carefully to rake, then presses the wide 1.2m in compartment, and furrow width 0.3m opens compartment
Afterwards, compartment face is made into a watt antiform, surrounding holds gutter successfully;Based on transplanting is planted with cave, hill spacing 20cm í 20cm, per 1 plant of cave seedling,
Directly non-woven fabrics pocket can be planted in cave when transplanting, it is simple to operate.
The planting percent of panax japonicus seed reaches 99% in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps:
(1) initial point selection and processing:By the end of July to August at the beginning of, choose the strong lifes in 4 years of full, no disease and pests harm, growth key in field
The fruit of the above plant is handled through past exosper, sterilization, storage successively as seed, and to seed.
Specifically, the seed chosen first is put into nylon net bag, it is immersed in the water stranding and removes exosper, cleans, dries, be used in combination
10% formalin is soaked seed 10 minutes, and sterilizing processing is carried out;By the seed and wet sand in mass ratio 1 after sterilizing:3
Ratio mixed thoroughly, be fitted into ventilative gunnysack and be transferred to the low mountain of 4~10 DEG C of temperature(400-600 meters of height above sea level)In protected
It deposits, is conducive to the embryo after-ripening for accelerating seed, to improve the germination percentage of seed.
Optimization, seed will often pay attention to preventing wet sand from drying during low mountain preserves, and be pinched with wet sand agglomerating, throw away it
It dissipates for degree.
(2) seedling culture frame prepares:Seedling culture frame is made using detachable moveable 3-D angle steel frame, steelframe overall length 160cm is wide
40cm, totally three layers, per floor height 50cm, the bottom is liftoff 10cm, every layer is separated using aluminium-plastic panel.Sunshade is set at the top of seedling culture frame
Net takes layer of plastic film on sunshade net, prevents from raining and drips and influence to be placed on the seedbed seedling raising process on seedling culture frame.
(3) prepared by seedbed
A, matrix prepares, using turf and vermiculite in mass ratio 3:The mixture of 1 ratio uniform mixing is as matrix;Further
Optimization, matrix carries out disinfection after mixing, and in vinyl house, by the high 40cm of matrix heap after disinfection, length regards practical
Depending on dosage situation, while matrix is squirted using clear water, then use covered rearing with plastic film matrix, is exposed to the sun 15 days.
B, seedbed preparation, using diameter 6cm, the non-woven fabrics pocket of high 9cm contains the above-mentioned matrix got ready, and will contain base
The non-woven fabrics pocket of matter is placed on seedling culture frame successively, is sprinkled profoundly water matrix with sprayer, in case sowing.Wherein non-woven fabrics pocket
It is made for degradable material, it is environmentally protective, and during follow-up transplanting directly non-woven fabrics plastic bag cultivation can be buried, operation side
Just.
(4) it sows:Early March chooses the seed of full grains after the seed broken shell stored, in each non-woven fabrics pocket
Sowing one, then the matrix of 0.5cm thickness is covered, matrix is sprinkled profoundly water with sprayer.
(5) seedling management and transplanting:It prevents matrix drying from should spray water in time during nursery, keeps matrix moistening, seedling culture frame
Ventilation.It can be transplanted after coming up mid-March in next year.
Further, site preparation before seedling replanting, deep plough 30cm, whole carefully to rake, then presses the wide 1.2m in compartment, and furrow width 0.3m opens compartment
Afterwards, compartment face is made into a watt antiform, surrounding holds gutter successfully;Based on transplanting is planted with cave, hill spacing 27cm í 27cm, per 1 plant of cave seedling,
Directly non-woven fabrics pocket can be planted in cave when transplanting, it is simple to operate.
The planting percent of panax japonicus seed reaches 98.3% in the present embodiment.
In conclusion this panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method provided by the invention carries out panax japonicus seed using seedling culture frame
Three-dimensional seedling raising, thickness of sowing is uniform, and can solve traditional bamboo up to 98% or more by manual control seedling raising environment, planting percent
In section ginseng crop field storage property seedling raising process the problem of easy burn seedlings, dead seedling, the hand labor cost to its daily management is reduced, it can
It realizes the industrial seedling rearing of panax japonicus, there is important production meaning.
The foregoing examples are only illustrative of the present invention, does not constitute the limitation to protection scope of the present invention, all
Be with the present invention it is same or analogous design all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
1) initial point selection and processing:Choose full, no disease and pests harm, 4 years strong above plant of life of growth key fruit as seed,
And seed is handled through past exosper, sterilization, storage successively;
2) seedling culture frame prepares:Seedling culture frame is made using detachable moveable 3-D angle steel frame, seedling culture frame is partitioned by aluminium-plastic panel
Multilayer, and sunshade net is set at the top of seedling culture frame, layer of plastic film is taken on sunshade net;
3) prepared by seedbed:Using the mixture of turf and vermiculite as matrix, matrix conduct is packed into multiple non-woven fabrics pockets
Seedbed is put on seedling culture frame successively, and sprayer is used in combination to sprinkle profoundly water matrix;
4) it sows:After the seed broken shell of step 1) storage, the seed of full grains, each seeding in nursery bed one are chosen, then cover
Lid matrix sprinkles profoundly water matrix with sprayer;
5) seedling management and transplanting:Matrix moistening, seedling culture frame ventilation are kept during nursery, can be transplanted after coming up.
2. panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that go to incite somebody to action when exosper in the step 1)
Seed is put into nylon net bag, is immersed in the water stranding and removes seed exosper.
3. panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that seed sterilization process in the step 1)
It is soaked seed 10 minutes using the formalin of concentration 10%.
4. panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the storage of seeds is handled in the step 1)
Process is by seed and wet sand in mass ratio 1:4~1:3 mixing are mixed thoroughly, are fitted into ventilative gunnysack and are transferred to 4~10 DEG C of temperature
Low mountain is preserved.
5. panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that during Seed storage, the wet sand
It is agglomerating with what is pinched, it throws away and dissipates for degree.
6. panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the seedling culture frame be 160~
200cm, width are 40~50cm, and every layer of height is 50~60cm, the bottom is liftoff 10~20cm.
7. panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation process of the matrix is to use
Turf and vermiculite in mass ratio 2:1~3:1 ratio uniform mixing, then carry out disinfection, it is in vinyl house, matrix heap is high by 30
~40cm, while matrix is squirted, covered rearing with plastic film is then used, is exposed to the sun 10~15 days.
8. panax japonicus stereo raise seedling method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that site preparation before the step 5) transplanting, it is deep
30cm is ploughed, it is whole carefully to rake, then by the wide 1.2m in compartment, furrow width 0.3m, after opening compartment, compartment face is made into a watt antiform, surrounding begins to rehearse ditch;It moves
It plants and is planted using cave, hill spacing 20~27cm, 20~27cm of í, per 1 plant of cave.
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CN115568390A (en) * | 2022-11-05 | 2023-01-06 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Panax japonicus stacking planting method |
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CN115568390A (en) * | 2022-11-05 | 2023-01-06 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Panax japonicus stacking planting method |
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