CN108646342B - LMR microstructure optical fiber - Google Patents
LMR microstructure optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN108646342B CN108646342B CN201810794397.4A CN201810794397A CN108646342B CN 108646342 B CN108646342 B CN 108646342B CN 201810794397 A CN201810794397 A CN 201810794397A CN 108646342 B CN108646342 B CN 108646342B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000135164 Timea Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005102 attenuated total reflection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides an LMR microstructured optical fiber comprising: the LMR microstructure fiber adopts a fiber core cladding structure, the center of the fiber core is not provided with air holes, six fan-shaped air holes are identical in size and are arranged in a regular hexagon, the refractive index of medium in the holes is 1, each fan-shaped air hole comprises a first cambered surface and a second cambered surface, the second cambered surface is longer than the first cambered surface in length, the second cambered surface is arranged far away from the fiber core, two air holes which are approximately symmetrical relative to the center of the fiber core in the fan-shaped air holes are opened to be communicated with the outside, and the surfaces of the two opened air holes are plated with TiO (titanium dioxide) 2 A film. By utilizing the LMR microstructure optical fiber, not only is the film material cheap, but also the sensitivity and the precision are greatly improved compared with those of the traditional sensor, and meanwhile, the film coating and the filling of the fluid to be measured are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of micro-structural optical fibers, in particular to an LMR micro-structural optical fiber.
Background
In the 80 s of the 20 th century, optical fibers began to enter people's line of sight as an excellent low loss transmission line, and sensors based on optical fibers as waveguides have also become popular. The optical fiber sensor has the advantages incomparable with the traditional sensor: the sensor has the advantages of magnetic interference resistance, electric insulation, good explosion-proof performance, corrosion resistance, good light guiding performance, multi-parameter measurement, small volume, embeddability and the like, and is easy to form a sensor network and access to the Internet and a wireless network.
However, the optical fiber sensor using the common optical fiber as the sensitive element has the defects of large coupling loss, poor polarization maintaining characteristic, cross sensitivity and the like which are difficult to overcome, and the further improvement of the performance of the optical fiber sensor is limited. At present, the use of micro-structured optical fibers (Microstructure Optical Fiber, MOF) to manufacture the sensor is a great hotspot in the research of the sensor field, and the micro-structured optical fiber sensor is expected to solve the problems of the common optical fiber sensor, and has a series of excellent characteristics of multi-dimensional structure, large tuning range, large area of a mode field, capability of realizing multi-parameter measurement and the like.
The loss mode resonance (Lossy Mode Resonance, LMR) effect based on optical fiber sensing has been widely used in life sciences, medicine, physics, chemistry, etc. as a newly proposed resonance effect in recent years. The LMR effect is characterized by a response curve of the reflected light intensity having a plurality of attenuation valleys, referred to as resonance valleys, corresponding to the wavelengths of the incident light. When the real part of the propagation constant of the lost mode and the propagation constant of the optical waveguide are equal, the waveguide mode and the lost mode will resonate, and the phenomenon of attenuated total reflection is presented, namely, the reflectivity is at the minimum. By utilizing the characteristic that the LMR resonance wavelength is sensitive to the refractive index of an object to be measured, the LMR sensing technology is widely applied to parameter measurement based on refractive index change.
However, existing microstructure sensing structures are difficult to either coat or fill with analyte because the air holes are too small (typically a few microns). Moreover, the current microstructure optical fiber sensing based on the traditional principle is mature, and is difficult to break through in measurement sensitivity and precision, so that the construction of the LMR microstructure optical fiber sensing structure with simple and novel structure and high sensitivity has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problem that the air holes are too small to be coated or filled with analytes, the LMR microstructure optical fiber is provided. The invention mainly uses the mode of opening two air holes which are approximately symmetrical relative to the center of the fiber core in the air holes to be communicated with the outside, thereby having the effect of being convenient for coating film or filling analyte.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
an LMR microstructured optical fiber comprising: the LMR microstructure optical fiber adopts a fiber core cladding structure, at least four air holes are formed in the fiber core, two air holes which are approximately symmetrical relative to the center of the fiber core in the air holes are opened to be communicated with the outside, and the surfaces of the two opened air holes are coated with films.
Further, the coating material is conductive metal oxide.
Further, the cross section of the air hole is a fan-shaped, the fan-shaped comprises a first cambered surface and a second cambered surface, the second cambered surface is longer than the first cambered surface in length, and the second cambered surface is far away from the fiber core.
Further, the air holes are the same size.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the LMR microstructure optical fiber provided by the invention has the advantages that the cost of the sensing film is low and the sensing film is easy to obtain by utilizing the LMR technology.
2. The LMR can resonate under p-polarized light and s-polarized light, and the sensitivity and the precision of the LMR are greatly improved compared with those of the traditional sensor.
3. Compared with the traditional optical fiber structure with the microstructure, the optical fiber structure with the symmetrical fan-shaped microstructure is beneficial to filling of microfluid to be detected, and therefore real-time monitoring is achieved.
4. The symmetrical fan-shaped microstructure optical fiber has relatively simple manufacturing process and easy film plating at the symmetrical fan-shaped air holes.
5. Only coating films in two opposite symmetrical fan-shaped air holes, so that the calculated amount of software is greatly reduced during simulation, and the simulation time is saved.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention solves the problems that coating is difficult or fluid to be tested is filled in the prior art, and coating materials are expensive.
For the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of micro-structure optical fibers and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a symmetrical fan-shaped LMR microstructured optical fiber provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the loss spectrum corresponding to the refractive index n1=1.33 of the solution to be measured according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of the loss spectrum corresponding to the refractive index n1=1.33 and n2=1.34 of the solution to be measured according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a prior art optical fiber.
In the figure: 1. TiO (titanium dioxide) 2 A film; 2. an air hole; 3. a core.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the dimensions of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an LMR microstructured optical fiber comprising: the LMR microstructure fiber adopts a fiber core cladding structure, the center of the fiber core 3 is not provided with air holes, six fan-shaped air holes 2 are identical in size and are arranged in a regular hexagon, the refractive index of medium in the holes is 1, the fan-shaped air holes 2 comprise a first cambered surface and a second cambered surface, the second cambered surface is longer than the first cambered surface in length, the second cambered surface is arranged far away from the fiber core 3, two air holes which are approximately symmetrical relative to the center of the fiber core 3 in the fan-shaped air holes 2 are opened to be communicated with the outside, and the surfaces of the opened two air holes are plated with TiO 2 A film.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides an LMR microstructure optical fiber, which adopts a fiber core cladding structure, wherein the fiber core has an outer diameter of 125um, is made of quartz glass, has no air hole in the center, and has a fiber core diameter of 15um. Six layers of the same size in regular hexagon arrangement are arranged in the claddingThe diameter of the fan-shaped air hole is 100um, the distance between the adjacent fan-shaped air holes is 2um, the refractive index is 1, the fan-shaped air holes which are approximately symmetrical relative to the center of the fiber core 3 are opened so as to be communicated with the outside, therefore, the fiber probe can be directly put into the fluid to be filled, and the light conducted in the fiber core is easier to conduct loss mode resonance with the fluid through the film, so that the resonance trough is more obvious, and the accuracy of the sensor is improved. At the same time, tiO is plated on the surface 2 The film has a film thickness of 100nm, and thus can realize the LMR effect, and can resonate under P-polarized light as well as S-polarized light, compared with the case where only P-polarized light is used for resonance using the surface plasmon technology. The symmetrical fan-shaped air holes of the model are filled with samples to be tested, and the refractive indexes of the samples are respectively n1=1.33 and n2=1.34.
Adopting a wavelength modulation method, selecting a wavelength range of 800-2000 nm, carrying out numerical simulation on the designed experimental model by using COMSOL Multiphysics calculation software based on a full vector Finite Element Method (FEM), solving the effective refractive index of a mode field under the cooperation of the boundary condition of an anisotropic Perfect Matching Layer (PML), and then calculating the mode field loss according to a mode field loss formula, wherein the loss of a PCF core conduction mode can be expressed as:
wherein N is eff To calculate the effective refractive index of the mode field, λ is the incident wavelength.
And drawing a loss spectrum of the optical fiber at the refractive index n1=1.33 by using Origin software, wherein as shown in fig. 2, the loss spectrum of the optical fiber can be seen to have two loss absorption peaks, the first loss absorption peak is positioned at a wave band of 0.9-1.1 μm, and the second loss absorption peak is positioned at a wave band of 1.5-1.7 μm. As can be seen from the figure, the loss of the resonance wave crest is relatively large, so that the corresponding resonance wave trough is relatively obvious, and the accuracy of the sensor is greatly improved.
Similarly, the refractive index n1 of the optical fiber is drawn at the same timeAs shown in fig. 3, the loss spectra at=1.33 and n2=1.34 show that as the refractive index increases, the peaks at both positions are significantly shifted in the long wave direction. Meanwhile, the resonance wave peak is higher, and the loss is larger. The sensitivity of the sensor can be expressed as the shift Δλ of the resonance peak p Change delta n of refractive index from sample to be measured a Ratio of (2), i.e
In this embodiment, the refractive index of the sample to be measured is changed from n1=1.33 to n2=1.34, the peak 1 is changed from 1000nm to 1025nm, the sensitivity s1=2500 nm/RIU of the peak 1 is calculated from the above formula, the peak 2 is changed from 1600nm to 1650nm, and the sensitivity s2=5000 nm/RIU is calculated, so that the sensitivity of the peak 2 is twice that of the peak 1, therefore, in the subsequent experiment, the simulation experiment can be mainly performed with the peak 2, and the peak 1 is used as an inspection, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment. Assuming that the detector is able to detect a 1% change in intensity, the resolution of the two peaks of the secondary sensor may reach 4 x 10, respectively -6 RIU and 2X 10 -6 RIU。
FIG. 4 shows a prior art optical fiber structure, wherein a cladding structure of a fiber core is made of polyethylene, the fiber core is a solid core, three layers of oval air holes in regular hexagonal arrangement are arranged in the cladding, and the inner surface of the air hole of the second layer is plated with a gold film. The sensitivity of the sensor was 500nm/RIU. The resolution of the sensor was measured to be 2X 10 using a high-precision spectrometer with a resolution of 0.01nm -5 RIU。
It can be seen that the microstructured optical fiber sensor of the present invention has higher sensitivity and resolution than the conventional sensor.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. An LMR microstructured optical fiber comprising: the LMR microstructure fiber is characterized in that a fiber core cladding structure is adopted, at least four air holes are formed, two air holes which are approximately symmetrical relative to the center of the fiber core in the air holes are opened to be communicated with the outside, and the surfaces of the two opened air holes are plated with TiO 2 A film;
the cross section of the air hole is fan-shaped, the fan-shaped comprises a first cambered surface and a second cambered surface, the second cambered surface is longer than the first cambered surface in length, and the second cambered surface is far away from the fiber core.
2. An LMR microstructured optical fiber as defined in claim 1, wherein,
the air holes are the same size.
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| CN201810794397.4A CN108646342B (en) | 2018-07-19 | 2018-07-19 | LMR microstructure optical fiber |
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| CN109655434B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2024-01-26 | 东北大学 | Optical fiber LMR sensor for multi-parameter measurement |
| CN109974925B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2024-01-26 | 东北大学 | Microstructure optical fiber sensor based on loss mode resonance |
| CN110455346A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-15 | 东北大学 | It is a kind of for measuring the fibre optical sensor of seawater thermohaline depth |
| CN111061004B (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Cladding structure of optical fiber |
| CN111208601B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-03-25 | 东北石油大学 | Polarization filter for simultaneously filtering orthogonally polarized light at communication wavelength |
| CN112444914B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-03-15 | 燕山大学 | D-type photonic crystal fiber tunable polarization filter based on gold film coating and manufacturing method |
| CN112504999B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2023-04-28 | 深圳大学 | Optical sensor based on perovskite nano material |
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