CN108645780B - Test method for accelerated corrosion of steel bar in reinforced concrete foundation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test method for accelerated corrosion of a steel bar in a reinforced concrete foundation, which comprises the steps of firstly manufacturing a reinforced concrete test piece, wherein the size of the test piece is 200mm multiplied by 150mm multiplied by 80mm, and the thickness of a steel bar protective layer is 4-8 mm; the diameter of the test steel bar is 6mm, the length of the test steel bar is 250mm, the diameter of the stainless steel bar is 10mm, and the length of the stainless steel bar is 250 mm; after the test piece is manufactured, demolding, performing standard maintenance for 28 days, then placing the test piece into a phytotron, performing wax sealing treatment on the periphery of the test piece, leaving one side of the test piece without performing wax sealing treatment, and performing wax sealing treatment on exposed steel bars; and then, in a climatic laboratory, measuring the corrosion current density of the test steel bars of the test piece, and finally processing the test data. The invention solves the problem that the steel bar is difficult to rust in a short period of time in the test due to the large thickness of the protective layer of the reinforced concrete foundation concrete, greatly shortens the test time and saves a large amount of manpower and material resources by reducing the thickness of the protective layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test method for accelerated corrosion of a steel bar in a reinforced concrete foundation, belonging to the technical field of reinforced concrete.
Background
The foundation, one of the most important components of a building, takes all the loads of the building and transmits them to the foundation, so that the safety and durability of the foundation are directly related to the safety and life of the whole building. In any building structure form, the foundation is buried in a strong corrosive environment, so the foundation is made of reinforced concrete. The reinforced concrete foundation is the same as other reinforced concrete members, and the steel bars are corroded in severe environment, so that the durability of the members is reduced, the safety and the service life of the members are influenced, and the reinforced concrete foundation is particularly serious.
Accelerated corrosion is a common research method in laboratories in the study of the durability of reinforced concrete elements. The accelerated corrosion test is currently conducted by changing the environmental conditions (e.g., increasing CO)2Concentration, increase of Cl-Concentration, changing temperature and humidity conditions, etc.) to achieve the purposes of accelerating corrosion and shortening test time. Although the methods can accelerate the test, the method cannot well simulate the steel bar corrosion process and mechanism in the actual environment, and a large amount of energy is wasted in the test. Even if the above-mentioned drawbacks are not taken into consideration, it is difficult to make a relatively thick member (usually 40mm thick, for example, in the case of a foundation mat) of a steel bar cover of a reinforced concrete foundation by the conventional accelerated corrosion test methodIf there is no cushion layer, the thickness of the protective layer is 70 mm. ) The steel bars in the steel bar box are corroded in a short time, and relevant data of basic corrosion cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of slow corrosion of steel bars in a reinforced concrete foundation in the prior laboratory accelerated corrosion test technology, and provides a test method for accelerated corrosion of steel bars in a reinforced concrete foundation.
Technical scheme
In the accelerated corrosion test of the steel bar in the laboratory, the invention adopts a specially-made test piece which reduces the thickness of the concrete protective layer of the tested steel bar to carry out the accelerated corrosion test of the steel bar of the reinforced concrete foundation, thereby achieving the purpose of accelerating the corrosion of the steel bar.
Factors influencing the corrosion starting time and the corrosion speed of the steel bar in the reinforced concrete foundation are as follows: similar theorems (including geometric similarity, physical phenomenon similarity and single value condition similarity) are applied to the factors such as chloride ion erosion, carbonization depth, temperature, humidity, oxygen diffusion, the material and other factors, and the like, so that the analysis shows that if the scaling of the material attribute is changed, the environmental scaling, the temperature and humidity scaling and the like need to be changed, more parameters are changed, the requirements are difficult to meet in reality, and the purpose of time scaling is difficult to achieve. Similarly, the scaling of temperature, humidity, chloride ion concentration and the like cannot be changed, so that only the geometric scaling is changed to achieve a reasonable time scaling, and a temperature and humidity change circulation mechanism corresponding to the time scaling is caused by the geometric scaling.
When the geometric shrinkage of the concrete protective layer is assumed to be a, physical equations and boundary conditions of a diffusion equation of chloride ions and oxygen in concrete, a concrete carbonization depth equation, a three-dimensional heat conduction equation and a humidity diffusion equation are listed, a similar transformation formula is listed, the shrinkage of parameters such as temperature, humidity and chloride ion concentration is taken as 1, and the time shrinkage is obtained by arranging2And determining a temperature and humidity change circulation mechanism according to the time scaling. Namely, the test of 1 year by adopting the accelerated test method is equivalent to the test of 100 years of concrete in the actual environment, thereby greatly shortening the test timeTest time, and more accurate data can be obtained.
The inventor determines the thickness of the appropriate steel bar protective layer according to the particle size of coarse and fine aggregates used by the concrete sample. Under the general condition, when a concrete sample is manufactured, in order to ensure the strength and the compactness of concrete, the concrete aggregate has good gradation, and the thickness of the steel bar protection layer is set to be 4-8 mm in consideration of the characteristics of the test method and the convenient acquisition of the real coarse aggregate, so that the reduction ratio of the steel bar protection layer of the reinforced concrete foundation reaches 5-10. Respectively obtaining similar indexes and similar index formulas of various physical changes according to similar theorems by using physical equations of chloride ions and oxygen in concrete, a concrete carbonization depth equation, a three-dimensional heat conduction equation and a humidity diffusion equation and initial conditions and boundary conditions of the physical equations, and then obtaining the similar criterion formula (1) according to experience and a similar conversion method:
in the above formula, m is the similarity criterion of the thickness of the steel bar protective layer and various influence factors, x is the thickness of the steel bar protective layer, t is the action time, DclIs the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions in concrete,
the diffusion coefficient of oxygen in concrete, KzFor the comprehensive influence index of concrete carbonization, k is determined by the thermal conductivity, density and heat capacity of concrete, and h is relative humidity.
According to the formula (1), when the concrete protective layer shrinkage of the steel bar is 5-10, the time shrinkage is 25-100 under each influence factor according to the similarity criterion.
The inventor determines the change cycle mechanism of the artificial climate room temperature and humidity according to the time scaling. In consideration of the actual situation of the foundation, the temperature and the humidity of the deep foundation are relatively constant, the problem does not exist, and mainly aiming at the shallow foundation, the temperature of the deep foundation is greatly influenced by the change of outdoor air temperature in four seasons, and the humidity is relatively stable. Therefore, the laboratory humidity is set to 80% relative humidity, and the temperature is simulated for 21.9 to 87.6 hours for one season according to the time scale.
The specific scheme is as follows:
a test method for accelerated corrosion of a steel bar in a reinforced concrete foundation comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a reinforced concrete test piece:
firstly, manufacturing a cuboid concrete test piece mold with internal control dimensions of 200mm multiplied by 150mm multiplied by 80mm, embedding test steel bars and stainless steel bars, then pouring a concrete test piece, and vibrating to be compact; after the test piece is manufactured, demolding, performing standard maintenance for 28 days, then placing the test piece into a phytotron, performing wax sealing treatment on the periphery of the test piece, leaving one side of the test piece without performing wax sealing treatment, and performing wax sealing treatment on the exposed steel bar;
the size of the reinforced concrete test piece is 200mm multiplied by 150mm multiplied by 80mm, and the thickness of the steel bar protective layer is 4-8 mm;
the diameter of the test steel bar is 6mm, the length of the test steel bar is 250mm, the diameter of the stainless steel bar is 10mm, and the length of the stainless steel bar is 250 mm;
in the concrete used, cement: water: sand: stone 1: 0.44: 1.23: 2.49;
(2) and (3) measuring the corrosion current density of the test steel bars of the test piece:
in a climatic laboratory, each time the temperature of the climatic laboratory is changed, an electrochemical analysis system workstation is used for detecting the corrosion current density of the steel bar by adopting a linear polarization method, and meanwhile, a concrete crack width detector is used for detecting whether cracks appear on the concrete surface on one side of the test piece close to the test steel bar.
And the concrete test piece does not need to be sprayed or added with electrolyte in the whole detection test process.
(3) Processing the test data:
the scaling conversion formula of the actual corrosion current density and the experimental value is shown as the formula (2):
in the formula icorrFor the actual corrosion current density, i' is the experimental value of the corrosion current density, KCThe shrinkage ratio of the steel bar protective layer is adopted;
according to the formula (2), the relation between the actual corrosion current density and the experimental value is the reciprocal multiple of the steel bar protection layer scaling ratio, and the steel bar corrosion correlation analysis is carried out according to the actual current density obtained by conversion.
In the step (1), in order to ensure that the corrosion current of the test piece steel bar with the protective layer of 20mm can be better measured, a NaCl saturated solution with the cement consumption of 5 percent is added into the mixture of the concrete when the test piece is manufactured.
In the step (1), the strength grade of the concrete is C25, the fine aggregate is natural medium sand, and the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with the particle size of 5-10 mm.
In the step (2), controlling the humidity of the artificial climate chamber to be 80%; a group of test pieces with a protective layer of 4mm simulates a shallow foundation, the artificial climate simulates one season within 21.9 hours, and the simulated spring temperature is taken as follows: 15 ℃; the simulated summer temperature is taken as: at 32 ℃; the simulated autumn temperature is as follows: 18 ℃; the simulated winter temperature is taken as: 5 ℃ is adopted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the problem that the steel bars are difficult to rust in a short period of time in the test due to the fact that the thickness of the protective layer of the reinforced concrete foundation concrete is large is solved, the test time is greatly shortened by reducing the thickness of the protective layer, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved; the experimental method also makes up the defect that the corrosion path change of environmental factors is not considered in a single temperature and humidity change circulation mechanism acceleration experimental method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a reinforced concrete test piece;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a reinforced concrete test piece;
wherein, 1-concrete test piece; 2-testing the steel bars; 3-stainless steel bar, d-protective layer thickness of test steel bar.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Examples
3 groups of test pieces are manufactured, each group comprises 3 test pieces, and the size of each test piece is 200mm multiplied by 150mm multiplied by 80 mm. The thickness of one group of test steel bar protective layers is 4mm (the serial number of the test piece is 1-1, 1-2, 1-3), the thickness of two groups of test steel bar protective layers is 8mm (the serial number of the test piece is 2-1, 2-2, 2-3), and the thickness of 3 groups of test steel bar protective layers is 20mm (the serial number of the test piece is 3-1, 3-2, 3-3). The raw materials of the test piece are respectively: the cement is R32.5 ordinary portland cement; the test steel bar is HRB335 grade steel bar, the diameter of the steel bar is 6mm, and the length of the steel bar is 250 mm; the diameter of the stainless steel bar is 10mm, and the length of the stainless steel bar is 250 mm; the fine aggregate adopts natural medium sand; the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with the particle size of 5-10 mm; the concrete strength grade is C25, the concrete mixing proportion is as follows: water: sand: stone 1: 0.44: 1.23: 2.49.
the concrete manufacturing method of the test piece comprises the following steps: firstly, manufacturing a cuboid concrete test piece mold with the internal control size of 200mm multiplied by 150mm multiplied by 80mm by 5 plywood wood templates (2 wood plates with the thickness of 200mm multiplied by 80mm, one wood plate with the thickness of 200mm multiplied by 174mm and 2 wood plates with the thickness of 174mm multiplied by 92 mm) with the thickness of 12mm, and opening round holes on the 2 wood plates with the thickness of 174mm multiplied by 92mm according to the thickness of a steel bar protective layer, the positions (shown in figures 1 and 2) of stainless steel bars in a test block and the respective diameters of the stainless steel bars and the test block; after the die is made, firstly, the test steel bars and the stainless steel bars penetrate through the respective round holes; determining the total volume of the concrete according to the number of the test pieces to be manufactured, and preparing the required concrete according to the mixing proportion; and (3) filling the prepared concrete into a test piece mold, and inserting the prepared concrete into a compact structure by using a short reinforcing steel bar.
After the test piece is manufactured, demolding, performing standard maintenance for 28 days, then placing the test piece into a climatic laboratory, performing wax sealing treatment on the periphery of the test piece, leaving one side of the test piece without performing wax sealing treatment, and performing wax sealing treatment on exposed steel bars to prevent corrosion.
Controlling the humidity of the artificial climate chamber to be 80%; a group of test pieces with a protective layer of 4mm simulates a shallow foundation, the artificial climate simulates one season within 21.9 hours, and the simulated spring temperature is taken as follows: 15 ℃; the simulated summer temperature is taken as: 32 degrees centigrade; the simulated autumn temperature is as follows: 18 ℃ is carried out; the simulated winter temperature is taken as: simulating a deep foundation by two groups of test pieces with the protective layers of 8mm and 20mm at 5 ℃, and simulating by a laboratory at constant temperature of 25 ℃; in order to ensure that the corrosion current of a test piece steel bar with a protective layer of 20mm can be better measured, NaC with the cement consumption of 5 percent is added when the test piece is manufacturedl, solution; CO 22And O2The concentration is determined by the content in the general atmosphere, and the laboratory adopts the frequent ventilation to ensure the CO2And O2The concentration of (c).
The corrosion rate of the steel bar is detected once every a period of time by adopting a linear polarization method, a detection instrument is an electrochemical analysis system workstation (CS3000), and specific detection data are shown in the following table
TABLE 1 Corrosion Current Density of reinforcing bars in each set of test pieces
Through the experimental data, it can be easily found that when the protective layer is 4mm and 8mm, although the temperature cycle mechanism is different, the corrosion current density of the steel bar is more than 1 muA/cm in the observation period2Exhibiting a higher rusting rate. For the test piece with the protective layer of 20mm, although the corrosion of chloride ions is increased on the basis of the second group of corrosion conditions, the reinforcing steel bar corrosion current density is only 0.2 muA/cm2The rusting rate is low. Therefore, the test data well testifies the effectiveness of the test method of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A test method for accelerated corrosion of a steel bar in a reinforced concrete foundation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a reinforced concrete test piece:
firstly, manufacturing a cuboid concrete test piece mold with internal control dimensions of 200mm multiplied by 150mm multiplied by 80mm, embedding test steel bars and stainless steel bars, then pouring a concrete test piece, and vibrating to be compact; after the test piece is manufactured, demolding, performing standard maintenance for 28 days, then placing the test piece into a phytotron, performing wax sealing treatment on the periphery of the test piece, leaving one side of the test piece without performing wax sealing treatment, and performing wax sealing treatment on the exposed steel bar;
the size of the reinforced concrete test piece is 200mm multiplied by 150mm multiplied by 80mm, and the thickness of the steel bar protective layer is 4-8 mm;
the diameter of the test steel bar is 6mm, the length of the test steel bar is 250mm, the diameter of the stainless steel bar is 10mm, and the length of the stainless steel bar is 250 mm;
in the concrete used, cement: water: sand: stone 1: 0.44: 1.23: 2.49;
(2) and (3) measuring the corrosion current density of the test steel bars of the test piece:
in a man-made climate laboratory, each time the temperature of the climate laboratory is changed, an electrochemical analysis system workstation is utilized, a linear polarization method is adopted to detect the corrosion current density of the steel bar, and meanwhile, a concrete crack width detector is utilized to detect whether cracks appear on the concrete surface on one side of a test piece close to the test steel bar;
(3) processing test data
The scaling conversion formula of the actual corrosion current density and the experimental value is shown as the formula (2):
in the formula icorrFor the actual corrosion current density, i' is the experimental value of the corrosion current density, KCThe shrinkage ratio of the steel bar protective layer is adopted;
and carrying out the correlation analysis of the steel bar corrosion according to the actual current density obtained by conversion.
2. The test method for accelerated corrosion of the steel bar in the reinforced concrete foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the concrete strength grade is C25, the fine aggregate is natural medium sand, and the coarse aggregate is crushed stone with the particle size of 5-10 mm.
3. The method for testing the accelerated corrosion of the steel bars in the reinforced concrete foundation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (2), the humidity of a phytotron is controlled to be 80%; a group of test pieces with a protective layer of 4mm simulates a shallow foundation, the artificial climate simulates one season within 21.9 hours, and the simulated spring temperature is taken as follows: 15 ℃; the simulated summer temperature is taken as: at 32 ℃; the simulated autumn temperature is as follows: 18 ℃; the simulated winter temperature is taken as: 5 ℃ is adopted.
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| CN109557017B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2021-04-20 | 北京科技大学 | Corrosion resistance experiment method for steel bar for tropical marine atmospheric environment concrete structure |
| CN109655398B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2023-11-10 | 长安大学 | Device for testing corrosion of conductive concrete steel bridge deck and measuring method |
| CN111678858B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2023-01-06 | 江苏禹治流域管理技术研究院有限公司 | Device and method for monitoring steel bar corrosion based on PPP-BOTDA |
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