CN108645754A - A kind of test device and method in foam concrete presetting period - Google Patents

A kind of test device and method in foam concrete presetting period Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108645754A
CN108645754A CN201810500506.7A CN201810500506A CN108645754A CN 108645754 A CN108645754 A CN 108645754A CN 201810500506 A CN201810500506 A CN 201810500506A CN 108645754 A CN108645754 A CN 108645754A
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foam concrete
distributing device
foam
material receiver
accumulator
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CN108645754B (en
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耿飞
刘晓军
季天
季天一
鲍立毅
解建光
高培伟
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N11/00Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
    • G01N11/10Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of test device and test method in foam concrete presetting period, wherein test device includes:Accumulator, for storing foam concrete;The accumulator includes at least one accumulator discharge port;Distributing device is located at below the accumulator;The distributing device includes at least one distributing device discharge port;Material receiver is located at below the distributing device;The material receiver is the open containers that section is regular polygon;DATA REASONING unit and presetting period determination unit.The present invention is defined its presetting period from the characteristic and engineer application of foam concrete, the harmful effect easily caused by foam concrete of the conventional concretes setting time test method such as penetration resistance method is evaded, using instead influences that foam concrete pours or the index of pumped mass judges the pre-hardening state of foam concrete, plays the role of A clear guidance to the technology development of foam concrete.

Description

A kind of test device and method in foam concrete presetting period
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of performance test of light foam concrete material, at the beginning of specially a kind of foam concrete The test device and method of solidifying time.
Background technology
Foam concrete is foaming agent to be prepared into foam with physical method, then foam is added to by cement, lightweight bone In slurry made of material, admixture, additive and water, through mechanical mixture stirring, moulding by casting, conserve.Foam concrete In be dispersed with a large amount of fine pores, unit weight is significantly less than normal concrete, under " the ball effect " of foam, mobility It is very big, it is easy for construction, it can be poured into mechanical and artificial unapproachable hidden region and the underground space, while having both splendid Fire prevention and the performances such as insulation.Setting time is an important physical properties of foam concrete, directly concerning to specific Construction application and construction quality.Foam concrete must complete moulding by casting, while foam concrete before pre-hardening state There should be rational setting time range, because foam is unstable phase, if setting time is long, foam can gradually vanish, Influence the self performance of foam concrete.If setting time is too short, hydration reaction is rapid, and releasing heat is larger, foam Can be unstable, to influence foam concrete performance.The setting time test method of portland cement concrete mainly has at present Penetration resistance method, electrical testing method, ultrasonic tesint method and hydration heat curve method etc., these methods are more than suitable for unit weight 1800kg/m3, porosity be less than 10% concrete.Related investigative test is studies have shown that porous due to foam concrete Property and anisotropism, for porosity generally 60% or more, unit weight is usually less than 1000kg/m3, when conventional concrete coagulation Between Judging index and test method be difficult to characterize the coagulating hardening performance of foam concrete.Presetting period should take into account the steady of foam It is qualitative, it is ensured that in work progress will not because of foam deformation or vanish and influence foam concrete hardening after performance;Eventually The solidifying time is in placement layer by layer, and lower layer, which reaches, to be met upper layer and pour time corresponding to the intensity of height.Currently, mixed about foam The research of solidifying soil setting time is less, and only document report still applies mechanically the setting time test method of normal concrete, resistance The Study of Lifting of foam concrete Early-age behavior is hindered.
Foam in foam concrete is the object phase of more fragility, in time change and stirring and casting process Rubbing action, foam stability are gradually reduced, and then the mobility of foam concrete is caused to significantly reduce.Even if the performance of foam Sufficiently stable, the mobility of foam concrete also can slowly be reduced with hydrated cementitious, therefore newly mixed foam concrete and reached Just be not suitable for continuing to pour after a certain critical condition, it is difficult to casting space is voluntarily filled, so the pre-hardening shape of foam concrete State is sad related to its mobility, and the mobility of foam concrete is related with its final angle of repose.
Due to foam as time change stability is gradually reduced, often through the presetting period of reduction cementitious material, make It is condensed faster, therefore the state that pours for controlling foam concrete becomes more important.
Foam concrete is to realize dense packing effect by the mobility of itself in casting process, cannot be aided with high frequency vibrating It is dynamic, the stability of foam otherwise will be destroyed, to deteriorate the performance of foam concrete.Its own larger flowing can only be relied on Property (with gravity and cohesive strength in relation to) be discharged the air of casting space, and the surface tension and cohesive strength due to slurry influence, Often some corner locations of filling are most difficult to, therefore state when foam concrete pours must rely on its own mobility The air in corner can smoothly be discharged.
Foam concrete pump when bear larger pressure, and be pumped to pour a little after pressure suddenly disappear, this pressure Apply, to let off journey larger to the aeration in foam concrete, therefore it is necessary to pass through pressure testing before pumping.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of test letter Single, the easy to operate test device and test method suitable for the foam concrete presetting period is true from application of engineering project Reflection foam concrete pre-hardening state.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of test device in foam concrete presetting period, which is characterized in that including:
Accumulator, for storing foam concrete;The accumulator includes at least one accumulator discharge port;
Distributing device is located at below the accumulator;The distributing device includes at least one distributing device discharge port;
Material receiver is located at below the distributing device;The material receiver is the open containers that section is regular polygon;
DATA REASONING unit, including the high unit of amount and timing unit;The high unit of amount obtains foam concrete in splicing The height of edge and intermediate projections when the height of device inward flange and intermediate projections does not change;The timing unit records foam coagulation The complete initial time T for pouring into accumulator of native mixing1And the follow-up time T measured every time2、T3, ﹒ ﹒ ﹒ Tn
Presetting period determination unit, including:Whether the angle of the material receiver is filled after the observation abundant levelling of foam concrete It falls, and angle of repose is calculated according to the height that the DATA REASONING unit obtains;Judge whether foam concrete reaches initial condensation State;Required time T is as presetting period, wherein T=T when reaching initial condensation staten-1-T1
The condition for judging whether foam concrete reaches initial condensation device includes:(1) foam concrete cannot fill Divide filling material receiver corner;(2) foam concrete angle of repose is more than 5 °;Judge when foam concrete reaches any of the above-described condition Foam concrete has reached initial condensation state.
The angle of repose α of foam concrete is:
α=arc tan (h2-h1)/R
Wherein, h2For intermediate projections height, h1For four side brim height average values, R is material receiver radius.
Further include presser unit, pressurizes to the foam concrete in the distributing device;
The presetting period determination unit further includes:Foam concrete is no more than 5 ° at material receiver angle of repose after calculating pressurization Volume and calculate the unit weight of foam concrete;It is described to judge whether foam concrete reaches the condition of initial condensation device and also wrap It includes:(3) foam concrete changing bulk density is more than 10% after pressurizeing;Foam is judged when foam concrete reaches any decision condition Concrete has reached initial condensation state.
Volume V and unit weight ρ of the foam concrete in material receiver are respectively after pressurization:
V=A* [h1+0.707(h2-h1)]
Wherein, A is material receiver bottom surface area;
ρ=m/V
Wherein, m is the quality of foam concrete in distributing device.
It is again interrelated while three Rule of judgment are independent of one another.Although being independently foam concrete stream sometimes Dynamic property is fine, but the ability shortcoming of its own filling inner corner trim, when angle of repose is in 4~5 ° in condition (2), foam concrete Though mobility it is preferable, also need condition (1) to judge whether it has voluntarily filling inner corner trim region;Sometimes voluntarily filling capacity Preferably, but do not have pumpability again.Association be foam concrete in Practical Project large-scale promotion in use, this three A condition is indispensable.
The slurry mouth that overflows is provided on the distributing device.
The accumulator is located at the upper end of the column;The the first rotation dress that can be rotated around the column is provided on the column It sets and the second tumbler;It is provided with the first distributing device and the second distributing device on first tumbler, described first Presser unit is provided on distributing device;It is provided with the first material receiver and the second material receiver on second tumbler;It is described First material receiver is located at below the first distributing device discharge port, and second material receiver is located at the second distributing device discharge port Lower section.
A kind of test method in foam concrete presetting period, which is characterized in that including:
Foam concrete mixing to be measured is complete to be poured into accumulator, starts timing at this time;
Slurry is injected into distributing device from accumulator, slurry mouth controls injection rate by overflowing;
Distributing device discharge port is opened, and concrete injects material receiver, and foam coagulation is observed after waiting the abundant levelling of foam concrete Whether soil fills corner and reads height and calculate angle of repose;
According to the angle of repose that whether concrete fills corner and is calculated, judge whether foam concrete has reached initially Coagulated state, and foam concrete is had reached to presetting period of the time as foam concrete of initial condensation state.
Judging two adequate condition that foam concrete has reached initial condensation state is:(1) foam concrete cannot fill Divide filling distributing device corner;(2) foam concrete angle of repose is more than 5 °.
The storage injects slurry into distributing device from accumulator and includes:Accumulator is injected into two distributing devices simultaneously simultaneously Slurry, two distributing devices one are no compress glassware, and one is pressurization distributing device;Pressurization distributing device pouring according to foam concrete It builds environment and adjusts pressure, and 15~30s of continuous;
No compress glassware is opened simultaneously with pressurization distributing device, and concrete injects material receiver, waits the abundant levelling of foam concrete Whether observation foam concrete fills corner and calculates angle of repose afterwards;It is read after abundant levelling in material receiver after foam concrete It takes volume and calculates the unit weight of foam concrete;
Using unit weight as judging that foam concrete has reached an adequate condition of initial condensation state, i.e.,:It is steeped after pressurization Foam concrete changing bulk density is more than 10%.
The present invention is defined its pre-hardening state from the self-characteristic and engineer application of foam concrete, evades Tradition speaks of the directed thinking that concrete coagulating time just applies mechanically penetration resistance method, and using instead, which influences foam concrete, pours or pump It send the index (mobility and changing bulk density) of quality to determine the presetting period of foam concrete, the development of foam concrete is risen It is acted on to A clear guidance.
Can the liquidity scale start with from angle of repose and in terms of being sufficient filling with two, material receiver corner, the section of material receiver Can shape be polygon, and square is most suitable selection, can have 4 corners smoothly for artificial observation foam concrete Fill corner regions.Also there is relatively big difference with the test slump, the method for divergence in conventional concrete, this is because foam is mixed Solidifying soil itself is more fragile, and the mode that cannot be aided with vibration pours, thus can only Self-leveling, especially some corner regions, answer Itself cohesive force can be overcome to go to fill and be full of.
In addition pressue device is introduced in a device, and pressure test is carried out to foam concrete, can be obtained under pressurized state Foam concrete coagulated state.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:Since foam concrete is a kind of low-intensity porous structure, if borrowed common The penetration resistance method of concrete or the test point method of cement slurry, it is difficult to the setting time of foam concrete is characterized, or even in reality It will produce serious quality accident in the engineer application of border;The present invention passes through foam concrete changing bulk density, filling splicing after pressurization The evaluation index of foam concrete initial set state is established at device state and final angle of repose, either also from material property research It is construction application, all there is significant technical advance, is conducive to the pouring quality for ensureing foam concrete.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
It is numbered in figure:1- accumulators;2- is without compress glassware;3- pressurization distributing devices;4- material receivers;5- tumblers;6- goes out Material mouth;7-, which overflows, starches mouth;8- axis;9- pedestals.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further introduced below in conjunction with attached drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the test device in foam concrete presetting period of the present invention, includes mainly:Accumulator 1, without compress Glassware 2, pressurization distributing device 3 and material receiver 4.
Accumulator 1 is connected by an axis 8 without compress glassware 2, pressurization distributing device 3 and material receiver 4.Axis 8 from On be separated by 0.5m connections accumulator 1 successively down, without compress glassware 2, pressurization distributing device 3 and material receiver 4, and by timer control Make their work.The column barrel that no compress glassware 2 and pressurization distributing device 3 are diameter 12cm, is arranged symmetrically in 8 liang of axis Side, each there are one the slurry mouth 7 that overflows at the 8.8cm of top, control materials are 1.024L.Seal cover board is arranged at 3 top of pressurization distributing device, and can It is pressurizeed to internal slurry by the slurry mouth that overflows with aerating pump.Material receiver 4 is prismatic, is in the present embodiment square column, above there is 8 A to have transparent graduated disk, the size of each disk is 16cm:16cm:10cm is (long:It is wide:It is high), it is connect with axis 8 by tumbler 5, Uniformly it is looped around around axis.Accumulator is poured into after foam concrete mixing to be measured is complete, starts timing at this time.Accumulator simultaneously to Pressurization distributing device and without injecting slurry in compress glassware, by overflowing, slurry mouth controls injection rate.Distributing device pressurize according to foam concrete The environment that pours air conditioning pressure is passed through by aerating pump, and after 15~30s of continuous, mouthpiece is opened under distributing device, coagulation Soil injection material receiver reads volume after abundant levelling in material receiver after foam concrete and calculates the unit weight of foam concrete, Whether this can examine foam concrete later can unstability damage bubble by pumping pressure;No compress glassware is beaten simultaneously with pressurization distributing device It opens, slurry flows into the material receiver of offside, and equally whether observation foam concrete fills corner after the abundant levelling of equal foam concrete And angle of repose is calculated, can this two work can fill with foam concrete mobility size and adequately the moon of pouring area Dark corner.Initial to be measured once per 20min, if slurry starts retrogradation, interval time foreshortens to 5min.Foam concrete is full simultaneously Foot:(1) foam concrete changing bulk density is no more than 10% after pressurizeing;(2) foam concrete can be sufficient filling with material receiver corner; (3) foam concrete angle of repose is less than 5 °, or concrete could be suitable without pressure casting concrete while when meeting latter two condition Profit construction is then taken and previous meets the time all required as at the beginning of the calculating of foam concrete when any of which condition is unsatisfactory for The solidifying time.
The present invention test method be:
By taking 800 grades of foam concrete as an example, a diameter of 50cm is poured into after 800 grades of foam concrete are mixed uniform, height For in the disk accumulator of 10cm.Material via two discharge port injection pressurization (no pressure) distributing devices, is waited the slurry mouth that overflows by accumulator Discharge port is automatically closed after stablizing outflow in middle slurry, and the discharge port of an accumulator is opened in rear timer control per 20min.Pressurization Cloth material mouth and without the cylinder that compress material mouth is diameter 12cm, is arranged symmetrically in axis both sides, respectively there are one overflow to starch at the places top 8.8cm Mouthful, it is 1.024L to fill it up with rear foam concrete volume every time.Seal cover board on pressurization distributing device closes, and is pumped and passed through by aerating Gas pressurized is passed through to 0.1MPa by the slurry mouth that overflows, pressure continues the discharge port opening of pressurization (no pressure) distributing device after 30s, and foam is mixed Solidifying soil flows into the corresponding rectangle of lower section material receiver and connects in disk, and the size of each disk is 16cm:16cm:10cm is (long:It is wide:It is high).It waits for After connecing the abundant levelling of foam concrete in disk, observes foam concrete flow regime in receiver and read scale.Setting control Device processed repeats the above process once per 20min, and not only discharging after finishing 20min but also opening for the first time from accumulator discharge port discharges, The disk that connects of lower section rotates clockwise once simultaneously, and the next disk that connects is directed at distributing device discharge port.It is to be seen to be opened to foam concrete Interval time it will be adjusted to 5min after beginning retrogradation.
Example phenomenon and specific data are shown in Table 1.
The test result of 1 800 grades of foam concrete of table
This foam concrete angle of repose in 50min is more than 5 ° as can be seen from Table 1, and being unsatisfactory for condition (3), " foam is mixed Solidifying soil angle of repose is less than 5 ° ".And foam concrete can smoothly fill four corner regions of material receiver when 45min, angle of repose Very little, while its changing bulk density is 7.5% (< 10%), three conditions are satisfied by, therefore its presetting period is 45min.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of test device in foam concrete presetting period, which is characterized in that including:
Accumulator, for storing foam concrete;The accumulator includes at least one accumulator discharge port;
Distributing device is located at below the accumulator;The distributing device includes at least one distributing device discharge port;
Material receiver is located at below the distributing device;The material receiver is the open containers that section is regular polygon;
DATA REASONING unit, including the high unit of amount and timing unit;The high unit of amount obtains foam concrete in material receiver The height of edge and intermediate projections when the height of edge and intermediate projections does not change;The timing unit record foam concrete is mixed System uniformly pours into initial time T when accumulator1And the follow-up time T measured every time2、T3, ﹒ ﹒ ﹒ Tn
Presetting period determination unit, including:Whether the corner of the material receiver is filled after the observation abundant levelling of foam concrete, and The angle of repose calculated according to the DATA REASONING unit;Judge whether foam concrete reaches initial condensation state, to reach just Required time T is as presetting period, wherein T=T when beginning coagulated staten-1-T1
It is described to judge that foam concrete reaches the condition of initial condensation state and includes:(1) foam concrete voluntarily cannot be filled out fully Fill material receiver corner;(2) foam concrete angle of repose is more than 5 °;Foam is judged when foam concrete reaches any of the above-described condition Concrete has reached initial condensation state.
2. test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the angle of repose α of foam concrete is:
α=arc tan (h2-h1)/R
Wherein, h2For intermediate projections height, h1For four side brim height average values, R is material receiver radius.
3. test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Presser unit pressurizes to the foam concrete in the distributing device;
The presetting period for pumping foam concrete further include:It calculates when foam concrete angle of repose is less than 5 ° after pressurizeing Volume and the unit weight for calculating foam concrete;It is described to judge whether foam concrete reaches the condition of initial condensation state and also wrap It includes:(3) foam concrete changing bulk density is more than 10% after pressurizeing;Foam is judged when foam concrete reaches any decision condition Concrete has reached initial condensation state.
4. test device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that volume of the foam concrete in material receiver after pressurization V and unit weight ρ are respectively:
V=A* [h1+0.707(h2-h1)]
Wherein, A is material receiver bottom surface area;
ρ=m/V
Wherein, m is the quality of foam concrete in distributing device.
5. according to any test devices of claim 1-4, which is characterized in that be provided with excessive slurry on the distributing device Mouthful.
6. test device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the accumulator is located at the upper end of the column;Described vertical The first tumbler and the second tumbler that can be rotated around the column are provided on column;It is set on first tumbler It is equipped with the first distributing device and the second distributing device, presser unit is provided on first distributing device;In the second rotation dress It sets and is provided with the first material receiver and the second material receiver;First material receiver is located at below the first distributing device discharge port, Second material receiver is located at below the second distributing device discharge port.
7. test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the section of the material receiver is polygon, with pros Shape is best.
8. a kind of test method based on any test devices of claim 1-7, which is characterized in that including:
Foam concrete to be measured pours into accumulator after mixing uniform, start timing at this time;
Slurry is injected into distributing device from accumulator, slurry mouth controls injection rate by overflowing;
Distributing device discharge port is opened, and foam concrete injects material receiver, and foam coagulation is observed after waiting the abundant levelling of foam concrete Whether soil fills corner and calculates angle of repose;
According to the angle of repose that whether concrete fills corner and is calculated, judge whether foam concrete has reached initial condensation State, and foam concrete is reached to presetting period of the time as foam concrete of initial condensation state.
9. test method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that
Judging two adequate condition that foam concrete has reached initial condensation state is:(1) foam concrete cannot be filled out fully Fill distributing device corner;(2) foam concrete angle of repose is more than 5 °.
10. test method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that
It is described to inject slurry into distributing device from accumulator and include:Accumulator injects slurry into two distributing devices simultaneously, and two A distributing device one is no compress glassware, and one is pressurization distributing device;Pressurization distributing device pours environment according to foam concrete Pressure is adjusted, and after 15~30s of continuous;
No compress glassware is opened simultaneously with pressurization distributing device, and concrete injects material receiver, is seen after waiting the abundant levelling of foam concrete Examine whether foam concrete fills corner and calculate angle of repose;After foam concrete body is read after abundant levelling in material receiver Accumulate and calculate the unit weight of foam concrete;
Using unit weight as judging that foam concrete has reached an adequate condition of initial condensation state, i.e.,:Foam is mixed after pressurization Solidifying soil changing bulk density is more than 10%.
CN201810500506.7A 2018-05-23 2018-05-23 Device and method for testing initial setting time of foam concrete Active CN108645754B (en)

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