CN108644070B - Online timing detection method and system for blade root bolt fracture of wind generating set blade - Google Patents
Online timing detection method and system for blade root bolt fracture of wind generating set blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN108644070B CN108644070B CN201810466778.XA CN201810466778A CN108644070B CN 108644070 B CN108644070 B CN 108644070B CN 201810466778 A CN201810466778 A CN 201810466778A CN 108644070 B CN108644070 B CN 108644070B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
An online timing detection method for blade root bolt fracture of a wind generating set blade comprises the following steps: a) measuring the real-time wind speed through a wind speed sensor; b) by analyzing the real-time wind speed, when the wind speed is less than 3m/s, a blade active pitch-changing instruction is sent, the pitch-changing angle is 360, and the time interval of two times of pitch changing is not less than 12 h; c) in the blade pitch changing process, acquiring fracture information of a bolt through a pulse signal generated by a side non-contact inductive sensor arranged on a flange surface of a blade root of a hub blade; d) processing the pulse signal, and analyzing the fracture state of the bolt; e) when the blade is found to be broken, the unit gives an alarm and stops to replace the bolt. And provides an online timing detection system for blade root bolt fracture of the wind generating set. The invention effectively discovers the fracture of the blade root bolt of the wind turbine generator blade in time and liberates the workload of field operation and maintenance personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wind power, and relates to a real-time monitoring method and system for fracture of bolts at blade roots of blades of a wind turbine generator
Background
With the further development of the wind power market, the trend of the wind power generation set is developing towards a high tower and a long blade. Currently, some domestic wind power plant projects have applied long blades with rotor diameter of 140m, and further develop towards the trend of 150 m and 160 m. Along with the longer and longer of paddle length, concern about paddle safety is higher and higher, and the influence of paddle safety on the overall safety of the unit is larger and larger. At present, irregular bolt head breakage of blade and blade root bolts of part manufacturers occurs, and potential safety hazards which cannot be estimated are brought to operation of a wind turbine generator. At present, the bolt fracture is mainly inspected manually and regularly, a large amount of workload is added to field operation and maintenance personnel, regular inspection is generally performed once from two days to three days, and the fracture of the bolt cannot be found timely.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an online timing detection method and system for the fracture of a blade root bolt of a wind turbine generator blade, aiming at effectively finding the fracture of the blade root bolt of the wind turbine generator blade in time and relieving the workload of field operation and maintenance personnel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an online timing detection method for blade root bolt fracture of a wind generating set blade comprises the following steps:
a) measuring the real-time wind speed through a wind speed sensor, and transmitting data to a master control system;
b) the main control system sends a blade active pitch-changing instruction when the wind speed is less than 3m/s by analyzing the real-time wind speed, the pitch-changing angle is 360 degrees, and the time interval of two times of pitch changing is not less than 12 h;
c) in the blade pitch changing process, acquiring fracture information of a bolt through a pulse signal generated by a side non-contact inductive sensor arranged on a flange surface of a blade root of a hub blade;
d) processing the pulse signals through a control module arranged on the hub side of the wind turbine generator set, and analyzing the fracture state of the bolts, wherein the parameters of the fracture state comprise the number of the fractured bolts and the accurate positions of the fractured bolts;
e) and the hub side control module transmits the analyzed bolt fracture state parameters to the master control system, and when the bolt fracture of the blade is found, the unit alarms and stops to replace the bolt.
Further, in the step b), only when the wind speed condition is less than 3m/s and the time of pitch change for two times exceeds 12 hours, the master control system sends a pitch change instruction to actively change the pitch for 360 degrees.
In the step c), only one non-contact inductive sensor is installed on the single blade.
In the step d), the hub side control module analyzes the bolt breakage state by the following logic:
1) the non-contact inductive sensor is far away from a bolt head during initial installation, the first bolt on the right side of the non-contact inductive sensor is marked as a No. 1 bolt, and the rest is repeated, so that N bolts are counted;
2) when the blades change the pitch, when the blade root bolts sweep through the non-contact inductive sensor, the hub side control module carries out accumulated counting on pulses generated by the non-contact inductive sensor, and the counting is started from 0 of an initial position;
3) the paddle is changed into the pitch in the clockwise direction, and the pulse number is accumulated;
4) if the time interval between the accumulated number of pulses k-1 and k is greater thanThe bolt head of the kth bolt is broken, k is less than or equal to N, alpha is a breaking coefficient, and omega is a pitch variation rate; if a plurality of bolts are broken in the variable pitch process of the single blade, the current broken number is counted to be i, the current detected pulse cumulative number is N, and N is less than or equal to N, the (N + i-1) th bolt is broken.
The method can monitor the number of the broken bolts of the blade root of each blade in real time and accurately position the specific broken positions of the bolts.
An online timing detection system for blade root bolt fracture of a wind turbine generator system blade, the system comprising:
the wind speed sensor is used for measuring the real-time wind speed;
the non-contact inductive sensor generates a pulse signal and acquires the fracture information of the bolt;
the control module is used for processing the pulse signals and analyzing the current fracture state of the bolts at the blade root of the blade, and the parameters of the fracture state comprise the number of the fractured bolts and the accurate positions of the fractured bolts;
and the main control system is used for sending a variable pitch instruction according to the wind condition and receiving the bolt fracture state parameters of the blade root of the blade transmitted by the control module, and when the bolt fracture of the blade is found, the unit alarms and stops to replace the bolt.
The wind speed sensor is arranged on the cabin of the wind turbine generator.
The non-contact inductive sensor is fixed beside a flange face of a blade root of the hub blade.
The control module is positioned in the variable pitch control cabinet at the hub side and is communicated with the main control system to realize data transmission.
The main control system is located in the cabin control cabinet.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the fracture monitoring of the blade root bolt of the wind turbine generator is realized, the fracture position of the bolt can be accurately positioned, and the fracture information of the bolt can be timely fed back to a master control system, so that field operation and maintenance personnel can timely find the fracture information, and timely exchange is carried out to guarantee the safety of the generator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an online timing detection system for blade root bolt fracture of a wind generating set blade.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single blade non-contact inductive sensor installation.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of bolt fracture online timing detection analysis control.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-3, an online timing detection method for blade root bolt fracture of a wind generating set blade includes the following steps:
a) measuring the real-time wind speed through a wind speed sensor, and transmitting data to a master control system;
b) the main control system sends a blade active pitch-changing instruction when the wind speed is less than 3m/s by analyzing the real-time wind speed, the pitch-changing angle is 360 degrees, and the time interval of two times of pitch changing is not less than 12 h;
c) in the blade pitch changing process, acquiring fracture information of a bolt through a pulse signal generated by a side non-contact inductive sensor arranged on a flange surface of a blade root of a hub blade;
d) processing the pulse signals through a control module arranged on the hub side of the wind turbine generator set, and analyzing the fracture state of the bolts, wherein the parameters of the fracture state comprise the number of the fractured bolts and the accurate positions of the fractured bolts;
e) and the hub side control module transmits the analyzed bolt fracture state parameters to the master control system, and when the bolt fracture of the blade is found, the unit alarms and stops to replace the bolt.
Further, in the step b), only when the wind speed condition is less than 3m/s and the time of pitch change for two times exceeds 12 hours, the master control system sends a pitch change instruction to actively change the pitch for 360 degrees.
In the step c), only one non-contact inductive sensor is installed on the single blade.
In the step d), the hub side control module analyzes the bolt breakage state by the following logic:
1) the non-contact inductive sensor is far away from a bolt head during initial installation, the first bolt on the right side of the non-contact inductive sensor is marked as a No. 1 bolt, and the rest is repeated, so that N bolts are counted;
2) when the blades change the pitch, when the blade root bolts sweep through the non-contact inductive sensor, the hub side control module carries out accumulated counting on pulses generated by the non-contact inductive sensor, and the counting is started from 0 of an initial position;
3) the paddle is changed into the pitch in the clockwise direction, and the pulse number is accumulated;
4) if the time interval between the accumulated number of pulses k-1 and k is greater thanThe bolt head of the kth bolt is broken, k is less than or equal to N, alpha is a breaking coefficient, and omega is a pitch variation rate; if a plurality of bolts are broken in the variable pitch process of the single blade, the current broken number is counted to be i, the current detected pulse cumulative number is N, and N is less than or equal to N, the (N + i-1) th bolt is broken.
The method can monitor the number of the broken bolts of the blade root of each blade in real time and accurately position the specific broken positions of the bolts.
An online timing detection system for blade root bolt fracture of a wind turbine generator system blade, the system comprising:
the wind speed sensor is used for measuring the real-time wind speed;
the non-contact inductive sensor generates a pulse signal and acquires the fracture information of the bolt;
the control module is used for processing the pulse signals and analyzing the current fracture state of the bolts at the blade root of the blade, and the parameters of the fracture state comprise the number of the fractured bolts and the accurate positions of the fractured bolts;
and the main control system is used for sending a variable pitch instruction according to the wind condition and receiving the bolt fracture state parameters of the blade root of the blade transmitted by the control module, and when the bolt fracture of the blade is found, the unit alarms and stops to replace the bolt.
The system for monitoring the fracture of the bolt of the blade root of the wind turbine generator system in real time is shown in fig. 1. The wind speed sensor mainly comprises a non-contact inductive sensor 11, a control module 13, a main control module 14 and a wind speed sensor 15, wherein 12 in the figure is a variable pitch control cabinet. The control module receives the pulse signals transmitted by the non-contact inductive sensor, processes the pulse signals, analyzes the number and the accurate fracture position of the current bolt, and transmits the current bolt to the main control module, and the main control module performs alarming and shutdown protection.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of a single blade non-contact inductive sensor. In the figure 21, a non-contact inductive sensor 22 is a bolt head of a blade root, and 23 is a sensor mounting bracket. The support is arranged on the hub, so that the distance between the sensor and the bolt head is kept at k mm, and the k value is determined according to the detection range of the sensor.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of bolt fracture online timing detection analysis control. Keep away from the bolt head during non-contact inductive transducer initial installation to mark the first bolt on non-contact inductive transducer right side as 1# bolt, analogize with this, total N bolt. When the blade is changed into the propeller, when the blade root bolt sweeps through the non-contact inductive sensor, the hub side control module carries out accumulated counting on the pulse generated by the non-contact inductive sensor, and the counting is started from 0 of the initial position. The blades change the pitch clockwise, and the pulse number is accumulated. If the time interval between the accumulated number of pulses k-1 and k is greater thanThe bolt head of the kth bolt is broken (primary breakage, k is less than or equal to N), and alpha is a breaking coefficient; if a plurality of bolts are broken in the variable pitch process of the single blade, the current broken number is counted to be i, the current detected pulse cumulative number is N (N is less than or equal to N), and the (N + i-1) th bolt is broken. When the bolt is broken, the master control system sends alarm information and reports the shutdown of the unit.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and the number of the non-contact inductive sensors of the single blade is not limited to 1. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The online timing detection method for the fracture of the bolt at the blade root of the blade of the wind generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a) measuring the real-time wind speed through a wind speed sensor, and transmitting data to a master control system;
b) the main control system sends a blade active pitch-changing instruction when the wind speed is less than 3m/s and the two-time pitch-changing time exceeds 12 hours by analyzing the real-time wind speed, wherein the pitch-changing angle is 360 degrees;
c) in the blade pitch changing process, acquiring fracture information of a bolt through a pulse signal generated by a side non-contact inductive sensor arranged on a flange surface of a blade root of a hub blade;
d) processing the pulse signals through a control module arranged on the hub side of the wind turbine generator set, and analyzing the fracture state of the bolts, wherein the parameters of the fracture state comprise the number of the fractured bolts and the accurate positions of the fractured bolts;
the hub side control module analyzes the bolt fracture status by the following logic:
1) the non-contact inductive sensor is far away from a bolt head during initial installation, the first bolt on the right side of the non-contact inductive sensor is marked as a No. 1 bolt, and the rest is repeated, so that N bolts are counted;
2) when the blades change the pitch, when the blade root bolts sweep through the non-contact inductive sensor, the hub side control module carries out accumulated counting on pulses generated by the non-contact inductive sensor, and the counting is started from 0 of an initial position;
3) the paddle is changed into the pitch in the clockwise direction, and the pulse number is accumulated;
4) if the time interval between the accumulated number of pulses k-1 and k is greater thanThe bolt head of the kth bolt is broken, k is less than or equal to N, and alpha is a breaking coefficient; if a plurality of bolts are broken in the pitch variation process of the single blade, counting the current broken number as i, counting the current detected pulse cumulative number as N, and judging that the N + i-1 th bolt is broken if N is less than or equal to N;
e) and the hub side control module transmits the analyzed bolt fracture state parameters to the master control system, and when the bolt fracture of the blade is found, the unit alarms and stops to replace the bolt.
2. The method for detecting the bolt fracture of the blade root of the wind generating set according to claim 1, wherein in the step c), only one non-contact inductive sensor is installed on a single blade.
3. The system realized by the online timing detection method for the bolt fracture of the blade root of the wind turbine generator according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the wind speed sensor is used for measuring the real-time wind speed;
the non-contact inductive sensor generates a pulse signal and acquires the fracture information of the bolt;
the control module is used for processing the pulse signals and analyzing the current fracture state of the bolts at the blade root of the blade, and the parameters of the fracture state comprise the number of the fractured bolts and the accurate positions of the fractured bolts; the hub side control module analyzes the bolt fracture status by the following logic:
1) the non-contact inductive sensor is far away from a bolt head during initial installation, the first bolt on the right side of the non-contact inductive sensor is marked as a No. 1 bolt, and the rest is repeated, so that N bolts are counted;
2) when the blades change the pitch, when the blade root bolts sweep through the non-contact inductive sensor, the hub side control module carries out accumulated counting on pulses generated by the non-contact inductive sensor, and the counting is started from 0 of an initial position;
3) the paddle is changed into the pitch in the clockwise direction, and the pulse number is accumulated;
4) if the time interval between the accumulated number of pulses k-1 and k is greater thanThe bolt head of the kth bolt is broken, k is less than or equal to N, and alpha is a breaking coefficient; if a plurality of bolts are broken in the pitch variation process of the single blade, counting the current broken number as i, counting the current detected pulse cumulative number as N, and judging that the N + i-1 th bolt is broken if N is less than or equal to N;
and the main control system is used for sending a variable pitch instruction according to the wind condition and receiving the bolt fracture state parameters of the blade root of the blade transmitted by the control module, and when the bolt fracture of the blade is found, the unit alarms and stops to replace the bolt.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the wind speed sensor is mounted on the wind turbine nacelle.
5. The system of claim 3 or 4, wherein the non-contact inductive sensor is fixed adjacent to a hub blade root flange face.
6. The system of claim 3 or 4, wherein the control module is located in a hub-side pitch control cabinet and is in communication with a main control system for data transmission.
7. The system of claim 3 or 4, wherein the master control system is located in a nacelle control cabinet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810466778.XA CN108644070B (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2018-05-16 | Online timing detection method and system for blade root bolt fracture of wind generating set blade |
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| CN201810466778.XA CN108644070B (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2018-05-16 | Online timing detection method and system for blade root bolt fracture of wind generating set blade |
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| CN108644070B true CN108644070B (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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| CN112648151A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-13 | 陕西中科启航科技有限公司 | Method for monitoring fracture of blade root bolt of wind generating set |
| CN112576455B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-06-28 | 江阴市恒润重工股份有限公司 | Wind power flange bolt pressure detection failure prevention device and detection method thereof |
| CN112855465B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2024-01-02 | 陕西中科启航科技有限公司 | Impeller rotating speed fault-tolerant monitoring method and system based on flange clearance sensor |
| CN114109740B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2024-06-07 | 华能如东八仙角海上风力发电有限责任公司 | Intelligent detection system and method for bolt loosening and breakage of wind driven generator |
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| CN102418663B (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-12-04 | 一重集团大连设计研究院有限公司 | Variable pitch system for offshore high-power wind driven generator group and control method for variable pitch system |
| CN205936986U (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-08 | 北京普华亿能风电技术有限公司 | Wind turbine generator system acoustic emission sensor's mounting structure |
| CN206017062U (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-03-15 | 北京普华亿能风电技术有限公司 | A kind of acoustic emission detection system for Wind turbines |
| CN106194602B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2019-04-02 | 北京普华亿能风电技术有限公司 | A kind of wireless acoustic emission detection system of Wind turbines |
| CN106870298B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2020-04-07 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Blade root bolt fracture fault detection method based on machine learning |
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