CN108643886B - Deep well annulus trapping pressure monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Deep well annulus trapping pressure monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108643886B CN108643886B CN201810371188.9A CN201810371188A CN108643886B CN 108643886 B CN108643886 B CN 108643886B CN 201810371188 A CN201810371188 A CN 201810371188A CN 108643886 B CN108643886 B CN 108643886B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/001—Survey of boreholes or wells for underwater installation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
Abstract
The invention relates to a deep well annulus trapping pressure monitoring device and a method, which are characterized in that the pressure monitoring device comprises an underground device, a signal receiver and a ground device; the wellhead of the deep well is fixedly connected with the signal receiver, and the signal receiver is connected with the ground device; the outer wall of the inner casing of the deep well is fixedly connected with the downhole device, and the downhole device is used for measuring annular temperature data and annular confining pressure data of a well shaft of the deep well in real time, loading the annular temperature data and the annular confining pressure data into a carrier signal and sending the carrier signal to the signal receiver; the ground device is used for decoding the carrier signal received by the signal receiver to obtain real-time annular temperature data and annular confining pressure data of the deep well shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an annulus trapping pressure monitoring device and method, in particular to an annulus trapping pressure monitoring device and method for a deep well.
Background
The elevated annulus entrapment Pressure APB (Annular Pressure Build-up) is due to the elevated temperature causing the fluid in the annulus between the enclosed layers of casing to expand, thereby raising the annulus entrapment Pressure. In 1999, BP corporation Marlin oil field A-2 well in gulf of Mexico was destroyed by squeezing after several hours of operation; the trap pressure is too high due to high circulating temperature of drilling fluid during drilling of the Pompano A-31 well in the gulf of Mexico, so that a sleeve is crushed to cause a great safety problem, therefore, monitoring on the annulus trap pressure is enhanced, prevention and treatment measures are made in time, and the method has important significance on safety production of offshore oil and gas wells.
For land and shallow wells, the oil-sleeve ring hollow entrapment pressure and the sleeve-sleeve ring hollow entrapment pressure can be measured at the position of a well head, for deep wells, an underwater well head is often adopted, the oil removal-sleeve ring hollow entrapment pressure can be measured at the position of the underwater well head, and the sleeve-sleeve ring hollow entrapment pressure cannot be measured, so that the purpose of monitoring the annular entrapment pressure cannot be achieved, and the risk of the integrity of a deep well shaft exists in the offshore oil and gas well development.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a device and a method for monitoring annulus trapping pressure of deep water well, which can measure the annulus trapping pressure value of a sleeve-sleeve ring in real time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a deep well annulus confinement pressure monitoring device is characterized by comprising a downhole device, a signal receiver and a ground device; the wellhead of the deep well is fixedly connected with the signal receiver, and the signal receiver is connected with the ground device; the outer wall of the inner casing of the deep well is fixedly connected with the downhole device, and the downhole device is used for measuring annular temperature data and annular confining pressure data of a well shaft of the deep well in real time, loading the annular temperature data and the annular confining pressure data into a carrier signal and sending the carrier signal to the signal receiver; and the ground device is used for decoding the carrier signal received by the signal receiver to obtain real-time annular temperature data and annular confining pressure data of the deep well shaft.
Preferably, the downhole device comprises an antenna, a signal generator, a battery and a temperature pressure sensor, wherein the temperature pressure sensor is used for measuring the annular temperature data and the annular confining pressure data of the deep well shaft in real time, the signal generator is used for loading the annular temperature data and the annular confining pressure data which are measured in real time into a carrier signal and sending the carrier signal to the signal receiver through the antenna, and the battery is used for supplying power to electrical appliances of the downhole device.
Preferably, the downhole device is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner casing of the deep well through a fixing device.
Preferably, the antenna, the signal generator, the battery and the temperature and pressure sensor are arranged on the fixing device from top to bottom in sequence.
Preferably, the signal receiver is connected to the surface unit by an umbilical.
A deep well annulus trapping pressure monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps: setting an annular temperature predicted value and an annular entrapment pressure predicted value of a deep well shaft in a production period according to production conditions; selecting a corresponding underground device according to the annular temperature predicted value and the annular confinement pressure predicted value of the deep well shaft, the time and the signal frequency required for measuring temperature data and pressure data; fixedly connecting the selected downhole device with the outer wall of an inner casing of the deep well, and putting the inner casing into the deep well; arranging a signal receiver at the wellhead of the deep well, and connecting the signal receiver with a ground device; the underground device measures annular temperature data and annular trapping pressure data of a deep well shaft in real time, loads the annular temperature data and the annular trapping pressure data into a carrier signal and transmits the annular temperature data and the annular trapping pressure data to the periphery; the signal receiver receives the carrier signal and transmits the carrier signal to the ground device, and the ground device decodes the carrier signal to obtain the real-time annular space temperature and annular space confining pressure of the deep well shaft.
Preferably, according to the production operating mode, the annular space temperature predicted value and the annular space trapping pressure predicted value of deep well pit shaft during the setting production specifically are: setting an annular temperature predicted value of a deep well shaft during production according to parameters such as a deep well shaft structure, reservoir temperature and the like by adopting a heat transfer equation; setting an annular entrapment pressure predicted value p of the deep well shaft by adopting an entrapment pressure calculation equation according to parameters such as annular temperature change, annular fluid thermophysical property and the like of the deep well shaft:
wherein α is the coefficient of expansion; k is a radical oftIs a compression factor; delta T is the annular temperature change; vanIs the annular volume; Δ VanIs the change in annular volume.
Preferably, according to the annular space temperature predicted value and the annular space entrapment pressure predicted value of deep water well pit shaft to and the required time and the signal frequency of measuring temperature data and pressure data, select corresponding downhole device, specifically be: the underground device comprises an antenna, a signal generator, a battery and a temperature and pressure sensor; selecting a temperature pressure sensor range according to an annulus temperature predicted value and an annulus trapping pressure predicted value of a deep well shaft, and ensuring that the set annulus temperature predicted value and the annulus trapping pressure predicted value are within the temperature pressure sensor range; and according to the required time and signal frequency for measuring the temperature data and the pressure data, selecting the capacity of the battery, the frequency of the signal generator and the frequency of the antenna, and ensuring that the temperature and pressure sensor measures the required annular temperature data and annular trap pressure data in the selected battery capacity, the selected frequency of the signal generator and the selected frequency of the antenna.
Preferably, the downhole device is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner casing of the deep well through a fixing device.
Preferably, the signal receiver is connected to the surface unit by an umbilical.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: 1. according to the invention, the underground device is arranged in the annular space of the deep well, the annular space temperature data and the annular space trapping pressure data are transmitted to the signal receiver of the well head through electromagnetic signals, and then the annular space temperature data and the annular space trapping pressure data are transmitted to the ground device, so that the monitoring of the annular space trapping temperature and pressure of the sleeve-sleeve ring of the deep well is realized, the correctness of the annular space trapping pressure theoretical model can be verified, the problem that the annular space trapping pressure of the deep well cannot be known is thoroughly solved, and the safety guarantee is provided for the efficient development of the deep well. 2. The underground device comprises an antenna, a signal generator, a battery and a temperature pressure sensor, wherein the temperature pressure sensor can be used for truly measuring the annular confinement temperature value and the annular confinement pressure value of the deep water well, and the temperature pressure sensor with a proper range, the battery with a proper capacity and the signal generator with a proper frequency are selected according to the annular temperature predicted value and the annular confinement pressure predicted value of the deep water well shaft and the required time and signal frequency of measurement data before measurement, so that the accuracy of measuring the annular confinement temperature value and the annular confinement pressure value of the deep water well can be improved. 3. According to the invention, the data transmission between the signal generator and the ground device adopts the umbilical cable, so that the interference of data transmission is reduced, the transmission speed is improved, the data transmission is conveniently realized on a deep level platform, the data can be stably measured and transmitted in real time, the stability is high, and the method can be widely applied to the technical field of offshore oil and gas wells.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the pressure monitoring device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes of promoting an understanding of the invention and that they are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the deep well annulus trapping pressure monitoring device provided by the present invention includes a fixing device 1, a downhole device 2, a signal receiver 3 and a surface device 4, wherein the downhole device 2 includes an antenna 21, a signal generator 22, a battery 23 and a temperature and pressure sensor 24, and the fixing device 1 may adopt any existing structure capable of fixing the temperature and pressure sensor 24, the battery 23 and the signal generator 22 on the outer wall of the inner casing of the deep well, which is not described herein in detail.
The wellhead of deep well 5 is fixed with signal receiver 3, and signal receiver 3 is connected with ground device 4 through umbilical cable 6. The outer wall of the inner casing of the deep well 5 is fixedly connected with one side of the fixing device 1, and the other side of the fixing device 1 is provided with an antenna 21, a signal generator 22, a battery 23 and a temperature and pressure sensor 24. The temperature and pressure sensor 24 is used for measuring annular space temperature data and annular space trapping pressure data of a deep well 5 shaft in real time, the signal generator 22 is used for loading the annular space temperature data and the annular space trapping pressure data which are measured in real time into a carrier signal and sending the carrier signal to the signal receiver 3 through the antenna 21, the ground device 4 is used for decoding the carrier signal received by the signal receiver 3 to obtain the annular space temperature data and the annular space trapping pressure data of the deep well 5 shaft in real time, and the battery 23 is used for supplying power for all electric components of the underground device 2.
In a preferred embodiment, the fixing device 1 is provided with an antenna 21, a signal generator 22, a battery 23 and a temperature and pressure sensor 24 in this order from the top to the bottom.
Based on the deepwater well annulus trapping pressure monitoring device, the invention also provides a deepwater well annulus trapping pressure monitoring method, which comprises the following steps of:
1) according to the production working condition, setting an annular temperature predicted value and an annular entrapment pressure predicted value of a deep well 5 pitshaft in the production period, wherein the predicted values can be the maximum value of the annular temperature and the maximum value of the annular entrapment pressure in all the working conditions, and the specific process is as follows:
1.1) adopting a heat transfer equation, setting an annular temperature predicted value of a deep well 5 shaft in a production period according to parameters such as a deep well 5 shaft structure, a reservoir temperature and the like, wherein the heat transfer equation is the prior art, and the specific calculation process is not repeated herein.
1.2) setting an annular entrapment pressure predicted value p of the deep well 5 shaft according to parameters such as annular temperature change, annular fluid thermophysical property and the like of the deep well 5 shaft by adopting an entrapment pressure calculation equation:
wherein, p is an annular confining pressure predicted value and the unit is MPa; alpha is the coefficient of expansion in deg.C-1；ktIs a compression factor in MPa-1(ii) a Delta T is the annular temperature change; vanIs the annular volume in m3；ΔVanIs the change of annular volume, and has the unit of m3。
2) According to the annular temperature predicted value and the annular confining pressure predicted value of the deep well 5 shaft, the time and the signal frequency required for measuring the temperature data and the pressure data, the range of the temperature and pressure sensor 24, the capacity of the battery 23 and the frequency of the signal generator 22 are selected, and the specific process is as follows:
2.1) selecting the range of the temperature and pressure sensor 24 according to the annular temperature predicted value and the annular entrapment pressure predicted value of the deep well 5 pitshaft, and ensuring that the set annular temperature predicted value and the annular entrapment pressure predicted value are within the range of the temperature and pressure sensor.
2.2) selecting the capacity of the battery 23, the frequency of the signal generator 22 and the frequency of the antenna 21 according to the required time and signal frequency for measuring the temperature data and the pressure data, and ensuring that the temperature and pressure sensor 24 obtains the required annular temperature data and annular confining pressure data through measurement in the selected capacity of the battery 23, the frequency of the signal generator 22 and the frequency of the antenna 21.
3) The selected antenna 21, signal generator 22, battery 23 and temperature and pressure sensor 24 are fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner casing of the deep well 5 through the fixing device 1, and the inner casing is lowered into the deep well 5.
4) A signal receiver 3 is provided at the wellhead of the deep water well 5 and the signal receiver 3 is connected to a surface installation 4 by an umbilical 6.
5) The temperature and pressure sensor 24 measures the annular temperature data and annular confining pressure data of the deep well 5 shaft in real time, and the signal generator 22 loads the measured data into a carrier signal and transmits the carrier signal to the periphery through the antenna 21.
6) The signal receiver 3 receives the carrier signal and transmits the carrier signal to the ground device 4 through the umbilical cable 6, and the ground device 4 decodes the carrier signal to obtain the real-time annular temperature and annular confining pressure of the deep well 5 shaft.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, connection mode, manufacturing process, etc. of the components may be changed, and all equivalent changes and modifications performed on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A deep well annulus trapping pressure monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting an annular temperature predicted value and an annular entrapment pressure predicted value of a deep well shaft in a production period according to production conditions;
according to the annular space temperature predicted value and the annular space trapping pressure predicted value of deep water well pit shaft to and required time and signal frequency of measuring temperature data and pressure data, select corresponding downhole device, specifically do:
the underground device comprises an antenna, a signal generator, a battery and a temperature and pressure sensor;
selecting a temperature pressure sensor range according to an annulus temperature predicted value and an annulus trapping pressure predicted value of a deep well shaft, and ensuring that the set annulus temperature predicted value and the annulus trapping pressure predicted value are within the temperature pressure sensor range;
according to the time and the signal frequency required for measuring the temperature data and the pressure data, the capacity of a battery, the frequency of a signal generator and the frequency of an antenna are selected, and the temperature and pressure sensor is ensured to measure and obtain the required annular temperature data and annular confining pressure data in the selected battery capacity, the selected frequency of the signal generator and the selected frequency of the antenna;
the underground device comprises an antenna, a signal generator, a battery and a temperature pressure sensor, wherein the temperature pressure sensor is used for measuring annular temperature data and annular confinement pressure data of the deep well shaft in real time, the signal generator is used for loading the annular temperature data and the annular confinement pressure data which are measured in real time into a carrier signal and sending the carrier signal to a signal receiver through the antenna, and the battery is used for supplying power to all electric appliances of the underground device;
fixedly connecting the selected downhole device with the outer wall of an inner casing of the deep well, and putting the inner casing into the deep well;
arranging a signal receiver at the wellhead of the deep well, and connecting the signal receiver with a ground device;
the underground device measures annular temperature data and annular trapping pressure data of a deep well shaft in real time, loads the annular temperature data and the annular trapping pressure data into a carrier signal and transmits the annular temperature data and the annular trapping pressure data to the periphery;
the signal receiver receives the carrier signal and transmits the carrier signal to the ground device, and the ground device decodes the carrier signal to obtain the real-time annular space temperature and annular space confining pressure of the deep well shaft.
2. The method for monitoring the annulus trapping pressure of the deep well according to claim 1, wherein the predicted value of the annulus temperature and the predicted value of the annulus trapping pressure of the deep well shaft during production are set according to production conditions, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
setting an annular temperature predicted value of a deep well shaft during production according to a deep well shaft structure and reservoir temperature parameters by adopting a heat transfer equation;
adopting a trapping pressure calculation equation, and setting an annular trapping pressure predicted value p of the deep well shaft according to the annular temperature change of the deep well shaft and the annular fluid thermophysical parameters:
wherein α is the coefficient of expansion; k is a radical oftIs a compression factor; delta T is the annular temperature change; vanIs the annular volume; Δ VanIs the change in annular volume.
3. The method for monitoring the annulus trapping pressure of a deep well according to claim 1, wherein the downhole device is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner casing of the deep well by a fixing device.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal receiver is connected to the surface device via an umbilical.
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| CN109736780A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-10 | 中科云声(苏州)电子科技有限公司 | A kind of remote detection imaging of sound wave and evaluation system for the detection of offshore wind farm column foot |
| CN114439468A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-05-06 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Casing annulus pressure real-time monitoring system of underwater wellhead |
| CN115370322B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-10-20 | 北京化工大学 | Well-shaft-integrity-based prediction method for annular space pressure |
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