CN108641753A - The system and method for vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas - Google Patents
The system and method for vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN108641753A CN108641753A CN201810305952.2A CN201810305952A CN108641753A CN 108641753 A CN108641753 A CN 108641753A CN 201810305952 A CN201810305952 A CN 201810305952A CN 108641753 A CN108641753 A CN 108641753A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 258
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 211
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 212
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002641 tar oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0909—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
- C10J2300/0936—Coal fines for producing producer gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1207—Heating the gasifier using pyrolysis gas as fuel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of coal chemical industry, are related to a kind of system and method for vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas, including drying system, pyrolysis furnace system and cold drum system；Drying system connects with pyrolysis furnace system；Pyrolysis furnace system is connected with cold drum system and drying system respectively.The present invention provides a kind of system and methods having the vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas that adaptability to raw material is strong, calorific value of gas is high, the impurity of coal tar is few, semicoke is high-quality and operating cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of coal chemical industry, are related to a kind of preparation system and preparation method of coal-tar gas, especially
It is related to a kind of system and method for vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas.
Background technology
Low order pyrolysis of coal is the key that one step of coal sub-prime classified utilization, can be to low-order coal, step, sub-prime profit by pyrolysis
With, raising value-added content of product, while keeping coal cleaner.
The mode of low order pyrolysis of coal is various, has vertical heater pyrolytic process, rotary kiln pyrolytic process, fluidized bed pyrolysis work by form
Skill and air flow bed pyrolytic process.Pyrolytic process and indirectly heat pyrolytic process are directly heated in the way of heating, wherein
It is direct-fired to have gas heat carrier, solid thermal carriers and gas-solid heat carrier；Indirectly heat has using refractory material laying
And it is using heat safe alloy.But no matter using that mode that technique, the adaptability of raw material, the quality of product,
Product yield, device operating cost, comprehensive energy consumption of plant investment and device etc. be all weigh a kind of technique advance and
The important indicator of exploitativeness.The gas heat carrier vertical heater of pyrolytic process is directly heated due to small investment, energy consumption is relatively low, product
The requirement that subsequent association industry can be met has extensive occupation rate of market, but to ingredient requirement height, using lump coal, tar is received
Rate is low, gas quality is poor, seriously polluted；Direct-fired air flow bed, fluid bed heat are efficient, oil yield is high, gas quality is good,
Controllability is preferable, but investment is big, adaptability to raw material is poor, and high energy consumption, the especially dust removal problem of high temperature raw coke oven gas do not obtain so far
It solves, so so far can not extensive use.The gas quality of rotary kiln is good, tar yield is moderate, but due to whole using heat-resisting
Steel, investment is huge, and the dust removal problem of still unresolved raw coke oven gas.Coal heat is carried out using external-heat upright furnace derived from high-temperature-coked
Solution, adaptable, the coal gas semicoke good product quality of raw material, tar yield is moderate, and operating cost is low, solves high temperature well
The dust removal problem of raw coke oven gas, but using a large amount of refractory material cause to invest huge, the problems such as refractory expansion crack, cannot
It solves well, the thermal efficiency needs to be further improved.
Zhongye Coke Resistance Engineering Technology Co., Ltd application No. is 201410153775.2 one kind be used for the low order dry distillation of coal
Upright oven carbonization chamber be exactly external-heat upright furnace representative, using combustion chamber and pyrolysis chamber (carbonizing chamber) arranged for interval, side
Regenerative heat exchange room is set, and the laying fireproof bricks for being all made of high-quality form, and the adaptability of the raw material of the device is good, calorific value of gas
Height, the impurity of coal tar is low, product semicoke is high-quality, and operating cost is low, but investment is excessive, and the expansion fissure of refractory material is collaborated
Problem can not solve well.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems in background technology, the present invention provides one kind having adaptability to raw material
By force, the vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal that calorific value of gas is high, the impurity of coal tar is few, semicoke is high-quality and operating cost is low
The system and method for tar coal gas.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas, it is characterised in that：The vertical heater low-order coal
It includes drying system, pyrolysis furnace system and cold drum system to be pyrolyzed the system for producing coal-tar gas；The drying system and heat
Solution furnace system connects；The pyrolysis furnace system is connected with cold drum system and drying system respectively.
Above-mentioned drying system includes raw material coal bunker, raw material coal dryer, dry coal surge bunker, cyclone dust collectors, bag-type dust
Device and wind turbine；The raw material coal bunker is connected by raw material coal dryer with dry coal surge bunker；The raw material coal dryer is logical
It crosses cyclone dust collectors and bag filter is connected with wind turbine；The dry coal surge bunker is connected with pyrolysis furnace system；It is described
The high-temperature flue gas and high temperature air that pyrolysis furnace system is discharged are respectively connected to raw material coal dryer；Raw material fine coal passes through feed coal
Storehouse enters dry coal surge bunker after entering the drying of raw material coal dryer；Flue gas after drying passes sequentially through cyclone dust collectors, cloth bag removes
It is discharged after dirt device and wind turbine.
Above-mentioned raw materials coal dryer include drier babinet, feed coal feed inlet, dry coal discharge port, direct heat transfer device,
Indirect heat exchange and lower coal channel；The feed coal feed inlet and dry coal discharge port are separately positioned on drier babinet
Top and bottom；The drier box house is provided with lower coal channel and the direct heat transfer being arranged in lower coal channel dress
Set and be arranged the indirect heat exchange in lower coal channel both sides；The feed coal feed inlet is discharged by lower coal channel and dry coal
Mouth connects；The raw material coal bunker connects with feed coal feed inlet；The dry coal discharge port is connected with dry coal surge bunker；Institute
It states the high-temperature flue gas that pyrolysis furnace system is discharged and is directly accessed direct heat transfer device；High temperature caused by the pyrolysis furnace system is empty
Gas is directly accessed indirect heat exchange；The direct heat transfer device is mutually passed through by cyclone dust collectors and bag filter with wind turbine
It is logical；After convection drying generated flue gas pass sequentially through after cyclone dust collectors, bag filter and wind turbine with after indirect heat exchange
Air mixing after be discharged.
Above-mentioned indirect heat exchange include be separately positioned on the drier bottom of box and top gas distribution tube and
Gas-collecting pipe；The gas distribution tube and gas-collecting pipe are horizontal；The gas distribution tube port is provided with
Dry air import；The gas collection pipe port is provided with dry air outlet；The heat exchanging pipe is placed in gas distribution tube
And it connects between gas-collecting pipe and respectively with gas distribution tube and gas-collecting pipe；It is provided with spiral shell in the heat exchanging pipe
Revolve flow deflector；The dry air import passes sequentially through gas distribution tube, heat exchanging pipe, gas-collecting pipe and dry air and goes out
Mouth connects；The heat exchanging pipe is more transversely arranged lateral tubulation rows；The upper end of the upper each tubulation of transverse direction tubulation row
It is inserted into gas-collecting pipe, gas distribution tube is inserted into the lower end of the transverse direction tubulation row；Transverse direction tubulation row's length 1500mm~
3000mm；Adjacent two heat exchanging pipes of the transverse direction heat exchanging pipe row are weldingly connected by arc connection sheet；The laterally row
Pipe row both ends welding plate is inserted into refractory material and fixes；The lower coal channel is placed between two neighboring lateral heat exchanging pipe row；
Two rows or the multiple rows of or described lateral tubulation row is arranged in a lateral direction simultaneously in the transverse direction heat exchanging pipe row in a longitudinal direction
Row arrangement one or more columns per page；High temperature air is directly accessed dry air import caused by the pyrolysis furnace system；The lower coal
The working width in channel is 200~450mm.
Above-mentioned direct heat transfer device includes the dry flue gas outlet being arranged on drier wall box and dry flue gas
Horn shape gas distribution pipe and horn shape gas collecting tube in drier box house is arranged in import；The dry flue gas import passes through horn shape
Gas distribution pipe connects with lower coal channel；The lower coal channel is connected by horn shape gas collecting tube and dry flue gas outlet；It is described dry
Dry exhanst gas outlet is connected by cyclone dust collectors and bag filter with wind turbine；The high temperature that the pyrolysis furnace system is discharged
Flue gas is directly accessed dry flue gas import；The horn shape gas collecting tube and horn shape gas distribution pipe are one or more layers；The horn shape
When gas collecting tube and horn shape gas distribution pipe are multilayers, the horn shape gas collecting tube and horn shape gas distribution pipe interlaced arrangement are in lower coal channel
On；The distance between horn shape gas collecting tube and horn shape gas distribution pipe are 500mm~1000mm.Equally, on each lower coal channel
It is provided with horn shape gas collecting tube and horn shape gas distribution pipe.
Above-mentioned pyrolysis furnace system includes external-heat pyrolysis oven, fume generating furnace and air-blaster；The dry coal buffering
Storehouse connects with external-heat pyrolysis oven；The fume generating furnace and air-blaster are respectively connected to external-heat pyrolysis oven；It is described
External-heat pyrolysis oven is connected with cold drum system；The raw material fine coal for entering external-heat pyrolysis oven by dry coal surge bunker is pyrolyzed simultaneously
Generate high-temperature flue gas, raw coke oven gas and high-temperature semi-coke；Raw coke oven gas is directly injected into cold drum system and forms coal gas caused by pyrolysis
And tar ammonia；Air injects external-heat pyrolysis oven after air-blaster and generates high temperature air；High temperature air with come
The self cooling produced part coal gas of drum system injects fume generating furnace and burns and generate high-temperature flue gas together；The outer heat of high-temperature flue gas injection
Formula pyrolysis oven participates in pyrolytic process and finally injects drying system；High-temperature semi-coke caused by pyrolysis is pyrolyzed furnace bottom from external-heat
Discharge.Above-mentioned external-heat pyrolysis oven includes pyrolysis oven babinet；The pyrolysis oven babinet is divided into pyrolysis section, waste heat from top to bottom
Exhausting section and cooling section；The pyrolysis oven box house is disposed with insulating layer and the wear-resistant pouring bed of material from outer to inner；
The insulating layer is insulation cast bed of material or refractory brick；Dry coal feed inlet and gas are provided at the top of the pyrolysis section
Collecting pipe；The end set of the gas-collecting pipe has the flue gas export mouth to connect with top gas collecting pipe；The pyrolysis
Raw coke oven gas export mouth, pyrolysis smoke import, preheated air import, preheated air outlet, cooling are provided on the side wall of furnace box body
Air intlet and cooling air outlet；The bottom of the cooling section is provided with bottom discharging mouth；The pyrolysis oven box house
It is provided with first gas distributor pipe, pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe, first gas collecting pipe, waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe, the second gas
Body distributor pipe, second gas collecting pipe, cooling section heat exchanging pipe, third gas distributor pipe and pyrolysis is sequentially passed through from top to bottom
Lower coal channel in the pyrolysis oven of section, waste heat recovery section and cooling section；The pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe, waste heat recovery section heat exchange row
Pipe and cooling section heat exchanging pipe are circumferentially positioned in pyrolysis oven lower coal channel both sides from top to bottom；The air-blaster with it is cold
But air intlet connects and conveys cooling air to cooling air inlet；Cooling air passes sequentially through cooling air inlet,
High temperature air is formed after three gas distribution tubes, cooling section heat exchanging pipe, second gas collecting pipe and cooling air outlet；It is described
Cooling air outlet is connected with drying system；The air-blaster and preheated air import connect and to preheated air into
Mouth conveying cooling air；Cooling air passes sequentially through preheated air import, second gas distributor pipe, waste heat recovery section heat exchange row
High temperature air is formed behind pipe, first gas collecting pipe and preheated air outlet；The preheated air outlet accesses flue gas
Stove；The fume generating furnace generates high-temperature flue gas；The fume generating furnace connects with pyrolysis smoke import；The flue gas occurs
High-temperature flue gas caused by stove passes sequentially through pyrolysis smoke import, first gas distributor pipe, pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe, top gas
Collecting pipe and flue gas export mouth；The flue gas export mouth is connected with drying system；By the raw material fine coal of dry coal surge bunker
Enter lower coal channel in pyrolysis oven by dry coal feed inlet；Raw material fine coal by pyrolysis oven while lower coal channel respectively with warp
The high-temperature flue gas crossed inside pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe is exchanged heat and by the cooling air inside waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe
It exchanges heat and exchanges heat with by the cooling air inside cooling section heat exchanging pipe；In raw material fine coal and process pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe
The high-temperature flue gas in portion carries out the raw coke oven gas generated after heat exchange pyrolysis and is exported by raw coke oven gas export mouth, the raw coke oven gas export mouth access
Cold drum system；The semicoke that pyrolysis generates enters waste heat recovery section, with the cooling air inside process waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe
It exchanges heat and is discharged by bottom discharging mouth with after the cooling air heat exchange inside cooling section heat exchanging pipe.
It is provided with raw coke oven gas collecting pipe on above-mentioned pyrolysis oven babinet；Coal gas export is provided on the raw coke oven gas collecting pipe
Hole；Raw material fine coal is passed sequentially through with the raw coke oven gas for carrying out heat exchange pyrolysis generation by the high-temperature flue gas inside pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe
Coal gas leadout hole and raw coke oven gas collecting pipe connect with raw coke oven gas export mouth；It is provided with ammonium hydroxide at the top of the raw coke oven gas collecting pipe
Inlet port.The raw coke oven gas collecting pipe is arranged at the both ends of the close babinet of each lower coal channel.
It is both provided with spiral shell inside above-mentioned pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe, waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe and cooling section heat exchanging pipe
Revolve guide vane；The pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe forms lateral tubulation row by more heat exchanging pipes are transversely arranged；The transverse direction
Gas-collecting pipe is inserted into the upper end of the upper each heat exchanging pipe of tubulation row, and gas distribution tube is inserted into lower end；The length of the transverse direction tubulation row
Spend 1500mm~3000mm；Adjacent two heat exchanging pipes of the transverse direction heat exchanging pipe row are connected by arc connection sheet, described
Lower coal channel is placed between two neighboring lateral heat exchanging pipe row；Two rows are arranged in the transverse direction heat exchanging pipe row in a longitudinal direction
Or multiple rows of or laid out in parallel one or more columns per page in a lateral direction, the adjacent lateral heat exchanging pipe row of two row share insulating layer and famine
Coal gas gas collecting tube；The working width of lower coal channel is 250~450mm in the pyrolysis section；The waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe
And cooling section heat exchanging pipe includes more heat exchanger tubes, the lateral tubulation row of the transversely arranged composition of more heat exchanger tubes；In lateral row
Pipe is arranged and is also equipped with longitudinal tubulation row on both ends and intermediate longitudinal direction, distance between the adjacent two row heat exchanging pipe of longitudinal tubulation row
For 200~300mm；Gas-collecting pipe is inserted into the upper end of the upper each tubulation of longitudinal direction tubulation row, and gas distribution tube is inserted into lower end；Institute
State lateral tubulation row's length 1500mm~3000mm；It is described transverse direction heat exchanging pipe row be arranged in a longitudinal direction two rows or it is multiple rows of or
Laid out in parallel one or more columns per page in a lateral direction, adjacent two row share insulating layer and raw coke oven gas gas collecting tube；The waste heat returns
Coal channel under section and cooling section is received to be placed between two neighboring tubulation row；Lower coal channel in the waste heat recovery section or cooling section
Working width be 150~300mm；In the same column or colleague of the waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe and cooling section heat exchanging pipe
Two neighboring heat exchanging pipe is connected by connection sheet respectively.
Above-mentioned cold drum system includes gas-liquid separator and gas-blowing engine；Coal gas, coke derived from raw coke oven gas export mouth
Oil and ammonia water mixture enter the separation that gas-liquid separator carries out ammonia water and tar oil and coal gas；Isolated tar and ammonium hydroxide
It is discharged from gas-liquid separator bottom；Isolated dry gas is discharged at the top of gas-liquid separator and is recycled by gas-blowing engine
It utilizes.
A kind of low order pyrolysis of coal system of the system based on foregoing vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas
The method for taking coal-tar gas, it is characterised in that：It the described method comprises the following steps：
1) the raw material fine coal of 0~30mm from raw material coal bunker 1 enters raw material coal dryer, with 300 from pyrolysis oven
~350 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas direct heat transfer, while being changed indirectly with 300~380 DEG C of the high temperature air from pyrolysis oven cooling section
Heat；Raw material fine coal is flowed out from raw material coal dryer bottom dry coal discharge port from top to bottom by gravity；Flue gas after heat exchange is through overwinding
It is emptied after bag filter purifies after wind deduster dedusting；Air after heat exchange directly mixes heel row with purified flue gas
It is empty；130~200 DEG C of dry coal is stored in a warehouse in dry coal surge bunker after drying；Dry coal surge bunker outlet at bottom is pyrolyzed with external-heat
The fine coal feed inlet of stove connects；
2) air for being 450~550 DEG C with the temperature after high-temperature semi-coke heat exchange from waste heat recovery section is occurred by flue gas
The air intlet of burner enters burner, enters fume generating furnace burner with the part coal gas after being washed from pyrolysis section
Burning generates 600~750 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas, and high-temperature flue gas enters heat after entering first gas distributor pipe by pyrolysis smoke import
Section heat exchanging pipe is solved, is discharged by flue gas export mouth after exchanging heat with dry coal；The high-temperature flue gas of discharge further goes drier to carry out
Raw coal is dried；After the raw coke oven gas generated after dry coal pyrolysis enters the collection of raw coke oven gas collecting pipe by coal gas leadout hole, by from collection
It is exported from raw coke oven gas export mouth after ammonium hydroxide sprinkling washing cooling at the top of tracheae, removes cold drum system；Sky from air-blaster
A gas part enters waste heat recovery section by preheated air import, exchanges heat with the high-temperature semi-coke that pyrolysis section gets off, and 450 after heat exchange
It is combustion-supporting that~550 DEG C of high temperature air enters fume generating furnace；Another part enters cooling section by cooling air inlet, with waste heat
The high-temperature semi-coke that exhausting section gets off further exchanges heat, and the high temperature air of 300~380 after heat exchange DEG C goes dryer section；It is after cooling
Semicoke is discharged by pyrolysis oven bottom discharging mouth.
Above-mentioned steps 1) in the specific implementation of direct heat transfer be：300~350 DEG C of the high-temperature flue gas from pyrolysis oven
By dry flue gas import enter after horn shape gas distribution pipe from bottom to top by after raw material fine coal layer and raw material fine coal direct heat transfer with
The vapor being precipitated in raw coal obtains 100~150 DEG C of flue gas into horn shape gas collecting tube together, is exported and is arranged by dry flue gas
Go out；
The specific implementation of the indirect heat exchange is：300~380 DEG C of the high temperature air from self-pyrolysis stove cooling section
Entered after gas distribution tube through each tubulation and fine coal indirect heat exchange by dry air import, 150~180 obtained after heat exchange
DEG C air from the gas-collecting pipe and dry air at top export be discharged.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
The present invention provides a kind of system and method for vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas, the vertical heater is low
The system that coal-tar gas is produced in rank pyrolysis of coal includes drying system, pyrolysis furnace system and cold drum system；Drying system and heat
Solution furnace system connects；Pyrolysis furnace system is connected with cold drum system and drying system respectively；Raw material fine coal passes through dry system
It is pyrolyzed into pyrolysis oven system after system is dry, the present invention is heat radiation tube with heat-resisting alloy, and is connected as by wave
One row, then horizontal interval arrangement, heat transfer efficiency height avoid wall effect and raw coke oven gas are caused to export cracking, waste coal along high temperature wall
Gas passes rapidly through coal seam direct-injection cooling, avoids the second pyrolysis of raw coke oven gas and reduces the yield of tar, while using cooling semicoke
Gas as dried medium, the thermal efficiency greatly improved in the case that investment is greatly reduced in whole device, improves thermal effect
Rate, while avoiding thermal stress causes furnace expansion crack to be collaborated, the device start-stop is convenient.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of low order pulverized coal pyrolysis system provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of raw material coal dryer of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that Fig. 2 is A-A direction views；
Fig. 4 is the B-B direction view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is external-heat pyrolysis furnace structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the C-C direction views of Fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the D-D direction views of Fig. 5；
Wherein：
Specific implementation mode
Such as Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas, vertical heater low orders
The system that coal-tar gas is produced in pyrolysis of coal includes drying system, pyrolysis furnace system and cold drum system；Drying system and pyrolysis
Furnace system connects；Pyrolysis furnace system is connected with cold drum system and drying system respectively.
Drying system includes raw material coal bunker 1, raw material coal dryer 2, dry coal surge bunker 3, cyclone dust collectors 5, bag-type dust
Device 6 and wind turbine 7；Raw material coal bunker 1 is connected by raw material coal dryer 2 with dry coal surge bunker 3；Raw material coal dryer 2 passes through
Cyclone dust collectors 5 and bag filter 6 are connected with wind turbine 7；Dry coal surge bunker 3 is connected with pyrolysis furnace system；Pyrolysis oven
The high-temperature flue gas and high temperature air that system is discharged are respectively connected to raw material coal dryer 2；Raw material fine coal by raw material coal bunker 1 into
Enter after raw material coal dryer 2 is dried and enters dry coal surge bunker 3；Flue gas after drying passes sequentially through cyclone dust collectors 5, bag-type dust
It is discharged after device 6 and wind turbine 7.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, raw material coal dryer 2 of the present invention includes drier babinet 21, feed coal
Feed inlet 2a, dry coal discharge port 2f, direct heat transfer device, indirect heat exchange and lower coal channel 28；Feed coal feed inlet 2a
And dry coal discharge port 2f is separately positioned on the top and bottom of drier babinet 21；Drier babinet 21 is internally provided with down
Coal channel 28 and the direct heat transfer device being arranged in lower coal channel 28 and indirect heat exchange in lower coal channel both sides is set
Device；Feed coal feed inlet 2a is connected by lower coal channel 28 and dry coal discharge port 2f；Raw material coal bunker 1 and feed coal feed inlet
2a connects；Dry coal discharge port 2f is connected with dry coal surge bunker 3；The high-temperature flue gas that pyrolysis furnace system is discharged is directly accessed directly
Connect heat-exchanger rig；High temperature air is directly accessed indirect heat exchange caused by pyrolysis furnace system；Direct heat transfer device passes through rotation
Wind deduster 5 and bag filter 6 connect with wind turbine 7.
Indirect heat exchange include be separately positioned on 21 bottom of drier babinet and top gas distribution tube 25 and
Gas-collecting pipe 29；Gas distribution tube 25 and gas-collecting pipe 29 are horizontal；25 port of gas distribution tube is provided with
Dry air import 2e；29 port of gas-collecting pipe is provided with dry air outlet 2b；Heat exchanging pipe 22 is placed in gas distribution tube
It connects between 25 and gas-collecting pipe 29 and respectively with gas distribution tube 25 and gas-collecting pipe 29；It is set in heat exchanging pipe 22
It is equipped with spiral flow deflector 27；Dry air import 2e pass sequentially through gas distribution tube 25, heat exchanging pipe 22, gas-collecting pipe 29 with
And dry air outlet 2b connects；Heat exchanging pipe 22 is more transversely arranged lateral tubulation rows；The lateral upper each row of tubulation row
Gas-collecting pipe is inserted into the upper end of pipe, and gas distribution tube is inserted into the lower end of lateral tubulation row；Lateral tubulation row's length 1500mm~
3000mm；Adjacent two heat exchanging pipes of lateral heat exchanging pipe row are weldingly connected by arc connection sheet 26；Lateral tubulation row two
End welding plate is inserted into refractory material and fixes；Lower coal channel is placed between two neighboring lateral heat exchanging pipe row；Laterally heat exchange row
Two rows or multiple rows of are arranged in pipe row in a longitudinal direction, or lateral tubulation arranges laid out in parallel one or more columns per page in a lateral direction；
High temperature air is directly accessed dry air import 2e caused by pyrolysis furnace system；The working width of lower coal channel 28 is 200~
450mm。
Direct heat transfer device includes the dry flue gas outlet 2c and dry flue gas being arranged on 21 side wall of drier babinet
Import 2d, the horn shape gas distribution pipe 24 being arranged inside drier babinet 21 and horn shape gas collecting tube 23；Dry flue gas import 2d is logical
Horn shape gas distribution pipe 24 is crossed to connect with lower coal channel 28；Lower coal channel 28 exports 2c phases by horn shape gas collecting tube 23 and dry flue gas
Perforation；Dry flue gas outlet 2c is connected by cyclone dust collectors 5 and bag filter 6 with wind turbine 7；Pyrolysis furnace system is arranged
The high-temperature flue gas gone out is directly accessed dry flue gas import 2d；Horn shape gas collecting tube 23 and horn shape gas distribution pipe 24 are one or more layers；
When horn shape gas collecting tube and horn shape gas distribution pipe are multilayers, horn shape gas collecting tube and horn shape gas distribution pipe interlaced arrangement are in lower coal channel
On；The distance between horn shape gas collecting tube and horn shape gas distribution pipe are 500mm~1000mm.
It includes external-heat pyrolysis oven 4, fume generating furnace 11 and air-blaster 12 to be pyrolyzed furnace system；Dry coal surge bunker 3
It connects with external-heat pyrolysis oven 4；Fume generating furnace 11 and air-blaster 12 are respectively connected to external-heat pyrolysis oven 4；Outer heat
Formula pyrolysis oven 4 is connected with cold drum system；Enter the raw material fine coal of external-heat pyrolysis oven 4 by through overdrying by dry coal surge bunker 3
The raw material fine coal that coal surge bunker enters external-heat pyrolysis oven is pyrolyzed and generates high-temperature flue gas, raw coke oven gas and high-temperature semi-coke；Heat
Raw coke oven gas is directly injected into cold drum system and forms coal gas and tar ammonia caused by solution；Air is noted after air-blaster
Enter external-heat pyrolysis oven and generates high temperature air；High temperature air injects flue gas together with the next self cooling produced part coal gas of drum system
Producer burns and generates high-temperature flue gas；High-temperature flue gas injects external-heat pyrolysis oven and participates in pyrolytic process and the finally dry system of injection
System；High-temperature semi-coke caused by pyrolysis is discharged from external-heat pyrolysis furnace bottom.Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the present invention is used
External-heat pyrolysis oven 4 include pyrolysis oven babinet 41；Pyrolysis oven babinet 41 is divided into pyrolysis section 417 from top to bottom, waste heat returns
Receive section 415 and cooling section 416；Insulating layer and the wear-resistant pouring bed of material are disposed with inside pyrolysis oven babinet 41 from outer to inner
43；Insulating layer is insulation cast bed of material 42 or refractory brick；The top of pyrolysis section 417 is provided with dry coal feed inlet 4a and gas
Body collecting pipe 418；The end set of gas-collecting pipe 418 has the flue gas export mouth 4b to connect with top gas collecting pipe 418；
Raw coke oven gas export mouth 4c, pyrolysis smoke import 4d, preheated air import 4f, preheating sky are provided on the side wall of pyrolysis oven babinet 41
Gas exports 4e, cooling air inlet 4h and cooling air outlet 4g；The bottom of cooling section 416 is provided with bottom discharging mouth 4i；
Pyrolysis oven babinet 41 is internally provided with first gas distributor pipe 45, pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe 44, first gas collecting pipe 46, waste heat
Exhausting section heat exchanging pipe 47, second gas distributor pipe 48, second gas collecting pipe 49, cooling section heat exchanging pipe 410, third gas
Under distributor pipe 411 and the pyrolysis oven for sequentially passing through pyrolysis section 417, waste heat recovery section 415 and cooling section 416 from top to bottom are interior
Coal channel；Pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe 44, waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe 47 and cooling section heat exchanging pipe 410 are surround from top to bottom
Lower coal channel both sides are set in pyrolysis oven；Air-blaster 12 and cooling air inlet 4h connect and to cooling air inlets
4h conveys cooling air；Cooling air passes sequentially through cooling air inlet 4h, third gas distributor pipe 411, cooling section heat exchange row
High temperature air is formed after pipe 410, second gas collecting pipe 49 and cooling air outlet 4g；Cooling air outlet 4g and dry system
System is connected；Air-blaster 12 and preheated air import 4f connects and conveys cooling air to preheated air import 4f；It is cold
But air passes sequentially through preheated air import 4f, second gas distributor pipe 48, waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe 47, first gas and receives
High temperature air is formed after collector 46 and preheated air outlet 4e；Preheated air exports 4e and accesses fume generating furnace 11；Flue gas is sent out
Raw stove 11 generates high-temperature flue gas；Fume generating furnace 11 connects with pyrolysis smoke import 4d；It is high caused by fume generating furnace 11
Warm flue gas passes sequentially through pyrolysis smoke import 4d, first gas distributor pipe 45, pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe 44, top gas collecting pipe
418 and flue gas export mouth 4b；Flue gas export mouth 4b is connected with drying system；It is logical by the raw material fine coal of dry coal surge bunker 3
It crosses dry coal feed inlet 4a and enters lower coal channel in pyrolysis oven；Raw material fine coal by pyrolysis oven while lower coal channel respectively with warp
The high-temperature flue gas crossed inside pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe 44 is exchanged heat and by the cooling inside waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe 47
Air heat-exchange and with by the cooling air heat exchange inside cooling section heat exchanging pipe 410；Raw material fine coal is changed with by pyrolysis section
High-temperature flue gas inside hot tubulation 44 change thermogenetic raw coke oven gas by raw coke oven gas export mouth 4c export, raw coke oven gas export mouth 4c
Access cold drum system；The semicoke that pyrolysis generates enters waste heat recovery section, cold inside waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe 47 with passing through
But air heat-exchange and with by inside cooling section heat exchanging pipe 410 cooling air heat exchange after by bottom discharging mouth 4i be discharged.
Raw coke oven gas collecting pipe 412 is provided on pyrolysis oven babinet 41；Coal gas leadout hole is provided on raw coke oven gas collecting pipe 412
419；Raw material fine coal carries out the raw coke oven gas of heat exchange pyrolysis generation successively with by the high-temperature flue gas inside pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe 44
It is connected by coal gas leadout hole 419 and raw coke oven gas collecting pipe 412 and raw coke oven gas export mouth 4c；Raw coke oven gas collecting pipe 412 pushes up
Portion is provided with ammonium hydroxide inlet port.
It is respectively provided with inside pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe 44, waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe 47 and cooling section heat exchanging pipe 410
There is spiral stream guidance blade 420；Pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe forms lateral tubulation row by more heat exchanging pipes are transversely arranged；Laterally row
Gas-collecting pipe is inserted into the upper end of the upper each heat exchanging pipe of pipe row, and gas distribution tube is inserted into lower end；The length of lateral tubulation row
1500mm~3000mm；Adjacent two heat exchanging pipes of lateral heat exchanging pipe row are connected by arc connection sheet 413, lower coal channel
It is placed between two neighboring lateral heat exchanging pipe row；Two rows or multiple rows of or in cross are arranged in lateral heat exchanging pipe row in a longitudinal direction
The laid out in parallel one or more columns per page on direction, the adjacent lateral heat exchanging pipe row of two row share insulating layer and raw coke oven gas gas collecting tube；
The working width of lower coal channel is 250~450mm in pyrolysis section；Waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe and cooling section heat exchanging pipe are equal
Including more heat exchanger tubes, the lateral tubulation row of the transversely arranged composition of more heat exchanger tubes；Both ends and intermediate longitudinal direction side are arranged in lateral tubulation
It is also equipped with longitudinal tubulation row upwards, distance is 200~300mm between the adjacent two row heat exchanging pipe of longitudinal tubulation row；Longitudinal row
Gas-collecting pipe is inserted into the upper end of the upper each tubulation of pipe row, and gas distribution tube is inserted into lower end；Lateral tubulation row's length 1500mm~
3000mm；Two rows or multiple rows of or row or more of laid out in parallel one in a lateral direction are arranged in lateral heat exchanging pipe row in a longitudinal direction
Row, adjacent two row share insulating layer and raw coke oven gas gas collecting tube；Coal channel is placed in adjacent two under waste heat recovery section and cooling section
Between a tubulation row；The working width of lower coal channel is 150~300mm in waste heat recovery section or cooling section；Waste heat recovery section is changed
Two neighboring heat exchanging pipe passes through connection sheet 414 respectively in the same column or colleague of hot tubulation 47 and cooling section heat exchanging pipe 410
Connection.
Cold drum system includes gas-liquid separator 9 and gas-blowing engine 10；Coal gas, coke derived from raw coke oven gas export mouth 4c
Oil and ammonia water mixture enter the separation that gas-liquid separator 9 carries out ammonia water and tar oil and coal gas；Isolated tar and ammonia
Water is discharged from 9 bottom of gas-liquid separator；Isolated dry gas is discharged from 9 top of gas-liquid separator and passes through gas-blowing engine
10 recycle.
A kind of low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal of the system based on such as preceding vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas
The method of tar coal gas, method include the following steps：
1) the raw material fine coal of 0~30mm from raw material coal bunker 1 enters raw material coal dryer 2, with 300 from pyrolysis oven
~350 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas direct heat transfer, at the same it is indirect with 300~380 DEG C of the high temperature air from pyrolysis oven cooling section 416
Heat exchange；Raw material fine coal is flowed out from 2 bottom dry coal discharge port 2f of raw material coal dryer from top to bottom by gravity；Flue gas warp after heat exchange
It is emptied after the purification of bag filter 6 after crossing 5 dedusting of cyclone dust collectors；Air after heat exchange is directly mixed with purified flue gas
After empty；130~200 DEG C of dry coal is stored in a warehouse in dry coal surge bunker 3 after drying；3 outlet at bottom of dry coal surge bunker and outer heat
The fine coal feed inlet of formula pyrolysis oven 4 connects；
The specific implementation of direct heat transfer is：300~350 DEG C of the high-temperature flue gas from pyrolysis oven passes through dry flue gas
Import 2d enters after horn shape gas distribution pipe 24 from bottom to top by being analysed with raw coal after raw material fine coal layer and raw material fine coal direct heat transfer
The vapor gone out obtains 100~150 DEG C of flue gas into horn shape gas collecting tube 23 together, and 2c discharges are exported by dry flue gas；
The specific implementation of indirect heat exchange is：300~380 DEG C of the high temperature air from self-pyrolysis stove cooling section 416
Entered after gas distribution tube 25 through each tubulation and fine coal indirect heat exchange by dry air import 2e, 150 obtained after heat exchange
~180 DEG C of air is discharged from the gas-collecting pipe 29 and dry air at top outlet 2b.
2) air for being 450~550 DEG C with the temperature after high-temperature semi-coke heat exchange from waste heat recovery section 415 is sent out by flue gas
The air intlet of 11 burner of raw stove enters burner, enters flue gas with the part coal gas after the washing of pyrolysis section 417
11 burner combustion of stove generates 600~750 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas, and high-temperature flue gas enters first gas point by pyrolysis smoke import 4d
Enter pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe 44 after stringing 45, is discharged by flue gas export mouth 4b after exchanging heat with dry coal；The high-temperature flue gas of discharge
Drier is further gone to carry out raw coal drying；The raw coke oven gas generated after dry coal pyrolysis enters raw coke oven gas by coal gas leadout hole 419
After collecting pipe 412 is collected, is exported, gone cold from raw coke oven gas export mouth 4c after the ammonium hydroxide sprinkling washing cooling at the top of gas collecting tube
Drum system；An air part from air-blaster 12 enters waste heat recovery section by preheated air import 4f, with pyrolysis section
The high-temperature semi-coke heat exchange got off, it is combustion-supporting that 450~550 DEG C of high temperature air after heat exchange enters fume generating furnace 11；Another part
Entering cooling section by cooling air inlet 4h, the high-temperature semi-coke got off with waste heat recovery section further exchanges heat, and 300 after heat exchange
~380 DEG C of high temperature air goes dryer section；Semicoke after cooling is discharged by pyrolysis oven bottom discharging mouth 4i.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas, it is characterised in that：The vertical heater low-order coal heat
The system that solution produces coal-tar gas includes drying system, pyrolysis furnace system and cold drum system；The drying system and pyrolysis
Furnace system connects；The pyrolysis furnace system is connected with cold drum system and drying system respectively.
2. the system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Drying system includes raw material coal bunker (1), raw material coal dryer (2), dry coal surge bunker (3), cyclone dust collectors (5), bag-type dust
Device (6) and wind turbine (7)；The raw material coal bunker (1) is connected by raw material coal dryer (2) with dry coal surge bunker (3)；It is described
Raw material coal dryer (2) is connected by cyclone dust collectors (5) and bag filter (6) with wind turbine (7)；The dry coal buffering
Storehouse (3) is connected with pyrolysis furnace system；The pyrolysis furnace system is formed by high-temperature flue gas and high temperature air is respectively connected to original
Expect coal dryer (2)；Raw material fine coal enters dry coal surge bunker after entering raw material coal dryer (2) drying by raw material coal bunker (1)
(3)；Generated flue gas passes sequentially through cyclone dust collectors (5), bag filter (6) and wind turbine (7) and is discharged afterwards after drying.
3. according to the system for requiring the vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas described in 2, it is characterised in that：The raw material
Coal dryer (2) include drier babinet (21), feed coal feed inlet (2a), dry coal discharge port (2f), direct heat transfer device,
Connect heat-exchanger rig and lower coal channel (28)；The feed coal feed inlet (2a) and dry coal discharge port (2f) are separately positioned on dry
The top and bottom of dry device babinet (21)；The drier babinet (21) is internally provided with lower coal channel (28) and setting exists
Direct heat transfer device in lower coal channel (28) and indirect heat exchange in lower coal channel both sides is set；The feed coal into
Material mouth (2a) is connected by lower coal channel (28) and dry coal discharge port (2f)；The raw material coal bunker (1) and feed coal feed inlet
(2a) connects；The dry coal discharge port (2f) is connected with dry coal surge bunker (3)；The height that the pyrolysis furnace system is discharged
Warm flue gas is directly accessed direct heat transfer device；The high temperature air that the pyrolysis furnace system is discharged is directly accessed indirect heat exchange dress
It sets；The direct heat transfer device is connected by cyclone dust collectors (5) and bag filter (6) with wind turbine (7).
4. the system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described
Indirect heat exchange includes being separately positioned on the gas distribution tube (25) and gas at drier babinet (21) bottom and top
Collecting pipe (29)；The gas distribution tube (25) and gas-collecting pipe (29) are horizontal；The gas distribution tube
(25) port is provided with dry air import (2e)；Gas-collecting pipe (29) port is provided with dry air outlet (2b)；
The heat exchanging pipe (22) be placed between gas distribution tube (25) and gas-collecting pipe (29) and respectively with gas distribution tube
(25) it connects with gas-collecting pipe (29)；It is provided with spiral flow deflector (27) in the heat exchanging pipe (22)；It is described dry empty
Gas import (2e) passes sequentially through gas distribution tube (25), heat exchanging pipe (22), gas-collecting pipe (29) and dry air outlet
(2b) connects；The heat exchanging pipe (22) is more transversely arranged lateral tubulation rows；The upper each tubulation of transverse direction tubulation row
Upper end be inserted into gas-collecting pipe, it is described transverse direction tubulation row lower end be inserted into gas distribution tube；The transverse direction tubulation arranges length
1500mm~3000mm；Adjacent two heat exchanging pipes of the transverse direction heat exchanging pipe row are weldingly connected by arc connection sheet；Institute
Lateral tubulation row's both ends welding plate (26) insertion refractory material is stated to fix；The lower coal channel is placed in two neighboring laterally heat exchange
Between tubulation row；Two rows are arranged in the transverse direction heat exchanging pipe row in a longitudinal direction or the multiple rows of or described lateral tubulation comes
Laid out in parallel one or more columns per page on horizontal direction；High temperature air caused by the pyrolysis furnace system be directly accessed dry air into
Mouth (2e)；The working width of the lower coal channel (28) is 200~450mm.
5. the system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is described
Direct heat transfer device includes the dry flue gas outlet (2c) being arranged on drier babinet (21) side wall and dry flue gas import
(2d), setting are in the internal horn shape gas distribution pipe (24) of drier babinet (21) and horn shape gas collecting tube (23)；The dry flue gas
Import (2d) is connected by horn shape gas distribution pipe (24) and lower coal channel (28)；The lower coal channel (28) passes through horn shape gas collecting tube
(23) it connects with dry flue gas outlet (2c)；The dry flue gas outlet (2c) is removed by cyclone dust collectors (5) and cloth bag
Dirt device (6) is connected with wind turbine (7)；The high-temperature flue gas that the pyrolysis furnace system is discharged is directly accessed dry flue gas import
(2d)；The horn shape gas collecting tube (23) and horn shape gas distribution pipe (24) are one or more layers；The horn shape gas collecting tube and horn shape
When gas distribution pipe is multilayer, the horn shape gas collecting tube and horn shape gas distribution pipe interlaced arrangement are on lower coal channel；Horn shape gas collecting tube
The distance between horn shape gas distribution pipe is 500mm~1000mm.
6. the system of the vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas according to claims 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5,
It is characterized in that：The pyrolysis furnace system includes external-heat pyrolysis oven (4), fume generating furnace (11) and air-blaster (12)；
The dry coal surge bunker (3) connects with external-heat pyrolysis oven (4)；The fume generating furnace (11) and air-blaster (12)
It is respectively connected to external-heat pyrolysis oven (4)；The external-heat pyrolysis oven (4) is connected with cold drum system；By dry coal surge bunker (3)
Raw material fine coal into external-heat pyrolysis oven (4) is pyrolyzed and generates high-temperature flue gas, raw coke oven gas and high-temperature semi-coke；Pyrolysis is produced
Raw raw coke oven gas is directly injected into cold drum system and forms coal gas and tar ammonia；Air injects outer heat after air-blaster
Formula pyrolysis oven simultaneously generates high temperature air；High temperature air injects fume generating furnace together with the next self cooling produced part coal gas of drum system
It burns and generates high-temperature flue gas；High-temperature flue gas injection external-heat pyrolysis oven participates in pyrolytic process and finally injects drying system；Heat
High-temperature semi-coke caused by solution is discharged from external-heat pyrolysis furnace bottom.
7. the system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is described
External-heat pyrolysis oven (4) includes pyrolysis oven babinet (41)；The pyrolysis oven babinet (41) is divided into pyrolysis section from top to bottom
(417), waste heat recovery section (415) and cooling section (416)；It is disposed with from outer to inner inside the pyrolysis oven babinet (41)
Insulating layer and the wear-resistant pouring bed of material (43)；The insulating layer is insulation cast bed of material (42) or refractory brick；The pyrolysis
It is provided with dry coal feed inlet (4a) and gas-collecting pipe (418) at the top of section (417)；The end of the gas-collecting pipe (418)
Portion is provided with the flue gas export mouth (4b) to connect with top gas collecting pipe (418)；The side wall of the pyrolysis oven babinet (41)
On be provided with raw coke oven gas export mouth (4c), pyrolysis smoke import (4d), preheated air import (4f), preheated air outlet (4e),
Cooling air inlet (4h) and cooling air outlet (4g)；The bottom of the cooling section (416) is provided with bottom discharging mouth
(4i)；The pyrolysis oven babinet (41) is internally provided with first gas distributor pipe (45), pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe (44), the first gas
It is body collecting pipe (46), waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe (47), second gas distributor pipe (48), second gas collecting pipe (49), cold
But section heat exchanging pipe (410), third gas distributor pipe (411) and pyrolysis section (417), waste heat recovery are sequentially passed through from top to bottom
Lower coal channel in the pyrolysis oven of section (415) and cooling section (416)；The pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe (44), waste heat recovery section are changed
Hot tubulation (47) and cooling section heat exchanging pipe (410) are circumferentially positioned in pyrolysis oven lower coal channel both sides from top to bottom；It is described
Air-blaster (12) connects with cooling air inlet (4h) and conveys cooling air to cooling air inlet (4h)；It is cooling empty
Gas passes sequentially through cooling air inlet (4h), third gas distributor pipe (411), cooling section heat exchanging pipe (410), second gas and receives
Collector (49) and cooling air outlet (4g) form high temperature air afterwards；The cooling air outlet (4g) is connected with drying system
It is logical；The air-blaster (12) connects with preheated air import (4f) and is conveyed to preheated air import (4f) cooling empty
Gas；Cooling air passes sequentially through preheated air import (4f), second gas distributor pipe (48), waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe
(47), first gas collecting pipe (46) and preheated air outlet (4e) form high temperature air afterwards；The preheated air outlet
(4e) accesses fume generating furnace (11)；The fume generating furnace (11) generates high-temperature flue gas；The fume generating furnace (11) and heat
Solution gas inlet (4d) connects；High-temperature flue gas passes sequentially through pyrolysis smoke import caused by the fume generating furnace (11)
(4d), first gas distributor pipe (45), pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe (44), top gas collecting pipe (418) and flue gas export mouth
(4b)；The flue gas export mouth (4b) is connected with drying system；By dry coal surge bunker (3) raw material fine coal by dry coal into
Material mouth (4a) enters lower coal channel in pyrolysis oven；Raw material fine coal by pyrolysis oven while lower coal channel respectively with by being pyrolyzed
The internal high-temperature flue gas of section heat exchanging pipe (44) is exchanged heat and by the cooling empty of waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe (47) inside
Gas exchanges heat and exchanges heat with by the internal cooling air of cooling section heat exchanging pipe (410)；Raw material fine coal is changed with by pyrolysis section
The internal high-temperature flue gas of hot tubulation (44) is carried out changing thermogenetic raw coke oven gas and be exported via raw coke oven gas export mouth (4c), the famine
Coal gas export mouth (4c) accesses cold drum system；The semicoke that pyrolysis generates enters waste heat recovery section, exchanges heat with by waste heat recovery section
The internal cooling air heat exchange of tubulation (47) and with after the internal cooling air heat exchange of cooling section heat exchanging pipe (410) by
Bottom discharging mouth (4i) is discharged.
8. the system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：It is described
Raw coke oven gas collecting pipe (412) is provided on pyrolysis oven babinet (41)；Coal gas export is provided on the raw coke oven gas collecting pipe (412)
Hole (419)；Raw material fine coal carries out the waste coal that heat exchange pyrolysis generates with by the internal high-temperature flue gas of pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe (44)
Gas passes sequentially through coal gas leadout hole (419) and raw coke oven gas collecting pipe (412) and connects with raw coke oven gas export mouth (4c)；The famine
It is provided with ammonium hydroxide inlet port at the top of coal gas collecting pipe (412).
9. the system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：It is described
It is both provided with inside pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe (44), waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe (47) and cooling section heat exchanging pipe (410)
Spiral stream guidance blade (420)；The pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe (44) forms lateral tubulation by more heat exchanging pipes are transversely arranged
Row；Gas-collecting pipe is inserted into the upper end of the upper each heat exchanging pipe of transverse direction tubulation row, and gas distribution tube is inserted into lower end；The transverse direction
Length 1500mm~3000mm of tubulation row；Adjacent two heat exchanging pipes of the transverse direction heat exchanging pipe row pass through arc connection sheet
It is connected, the lower coal channel is placed between two neighboring lateral heat exchanging pipe row；The transverse direction heat exchanging pipe comes longitudinal direction
Two rows of upper setting or multiple rows of or laid out in parallel one or more columns per page in a lateral direction, the adjacent lateral heat exchanging pipe row of two row, which shares, to be protected
Warm layer and raw coke oven gas gas collecting tube；The working width of lower coal channel is 250~450mm in the pyrolysis section；The waste heat recovery
Section heat exchanging pipe and cooling section heat exchanging pipe include more heat exchanger tubes, the lateral tubulation of the transversely arranged composition of more heat exchanger tubes
Row；It is arranged in lateral tubulation and is also equipped with longitudinal tubulation row on both ends and intermediate longitudinal direction, adjacent two row of longitudinal tubulation row change
Distance is 200~300mm between hot tubulation；Gas-collecting pipe is inserted into the upper end of the upper each tubulation of longitudinal direction tubulation row, and lower end is inserted into
Gas distribution tube；Transverse direction tubulation row's length 1500mm~3000mm；The transverse direction heat exchanging pipe row sets in a longitudinal direction
Two rows or multiple rows of or laid out in parallel one or more columns per page in a lateral direction are set, adjacent two row share insulating layer and raw coke oven gas gas collection
Pipe；Coal channel is placed between two neighboring tubulation row under the waste heat recovery section and cooling section；The waste heat recovery section or cold
But the working width of lower coal channel is 150~300mm in section；The waste heat recovery section heat exchanging pipe (47) and cooling section heat exchange
Two neighboring heat exchanging pipe passes through connection sheet (414) and connects respectively in the same column of tubulation (410) or colleague.
10. the system of vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Institute
It includes gas-liquid separator (9) and gas-blowing engine (10) to state cold drum system；Coal gas, coke derived from the raw coke oven gas export mouth (4c)
Oil and ammonia water mixture enter the separation that gas-liquid separator (9) carries out ammonia water and tar oil and coal gas；Isolated tar and
Ammonium hydroxide is discharged from gas-liquid separator (9) bottom；Isolated dry gas is discharged at the top of gas-liquid separator (9) and passes through coal gas
Air blower (10) recycles.
11. a kind of low-order coal of the system based on vertical heater low order pyrolysis of coal preparing coal tar coal gas as claimed in claim 10
It is pyrolyzed the method for producing coal-tar gas, it is characterised in that：It the described method comprises the following steps：
1) the raw material fine coal for coming from 0~30mm of raw material coal bunker (1) enters raw material coal dryer (2), burns with from pyrolysis oven
300~350 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas direct heat transfer of room, at the same with 300~380 DEG C of the height from pyrolysis oven cooling section (416)
Warm air indirect heat exchange；Raw material fine coal is flowed out from raw material coal dryer (2) bottom dry coal discharge port (2f) from top to bottom by gravity；
High-temperature flue gas after heat exchange empties after cyclone dust collectors (5) dedusting after bag filter (6) purification；High temperature after heat exchange
Air empties after directly being mixed with purified flue gas；130~200 DEG C of dry coal is stored in a warehouse in dry coal surge bunker (3) after drying
In；Dry coal surge bunker (3) outlet at bottom is connect with the fine coal feed inlet of external-heat pyrolysis oven (4)；
2) air that the temperature after waste heat recovery section (415) exchanges heat with high-temperature semi-coke is 450~550 DEG C is come from by flue gas to occur
The air intlet of stove (11) burner enters burner, enters flue gas hair with the part coal gas after pyrolysis section (417) washing
Raw stove (11) burner combustion generates 600~750 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas, and high-temperature flue gas enters first by pyrolysis smoke import (4d)
Gas distribution tube (45) enters pyrolysis section heat exchanging pipe (44) afterwards, is discharged by flue gas export mouth (4b) after exchanging heat with dry coal；Row
The high-temperature flue gas gone out further goes drier to carry out raw coal drying；The raw coke oven gas generated after dry coal pyrolysis passes through coal gas leadout hole
(419) after entering raw coke oven gas collecting pipe (412) collection, from raw coke oven gas after being cooled down by the ammonium hydroxide sprinkling washing at the top of gas collecting tube
Export mouth (4c) exports, and removes cold drum system；An air part from air-blaster (12) passes through preheated air import (4f)
Into waste heat recovery section, exchange heat with the high-temperature semi-coke that pyrolysis section gets off, 450~550 DEG C of high temperature air after heat exchange enters cigarette
Gas producer (11) is combustion-supporting；Another part enters cooling section, the height to get off with waste heat recovery section by cooling air inlet (4h)
Warm semicoke further exchanges heat, and the high temperature air of 300~380 after heat exchange DEG C goes dryer section；Semicoke after cooling is by pyrolysis oven bottom
Portion's discharge gate (4i) is discharged.
12. according to the method for claim 11, it is characterised in that：The specific implementation of direct heat transfer in the step 1)
It is：300~350 DEG C of the high-temperature flue gas from pyrolysis oven enters horn shape gas distribution pipe (24) afterwards certainly by dry flue gas import (2d)
It is lower and upper by entering horn shape gas collection together with the vapor being precipitated in raw coal after raw material fine coal layer and raw material fine coal direct heat transfer
Pipe (23) obtains 100~150 DEG C of flue gas, passes through dry flue gas outlet (2c) discharge；
The specific implementation of the indirect heat exchange is：300~380 DEG C of the high temperature from self-pyrolysis stove cooling section (416) is empty
Gas is entered after gas distribution tube (25) by dry air import (2e) through each tubulation and fine coal indirect heat exchange, is obtained after heat exchange
150~180 DEG C of air from the gas-collecting pipe (29) and dry air at top outlet (2b) discharge.
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| CN110240914A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-17 | 吴植仁 | A kind of vertical shaft type tubulation retort |
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Effective date of registration: 20211103 Address after: 710061 room 20708, block B, Wangzuo Qujiang, No. 3269, Yanxiang Road, Qujiang New Area, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee after: Shaanxi kaideli Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 719319 Shenmu Fuyou Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Jinjie Industrial Park, Shenmu county, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province Patentee before: Wang Shukuan |