CN108616982A - Passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in a kind of intelligent building film micro area - Google Patents

Passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in a kind of intelligent building film micro area Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108616982A
CN108616982A CN201810324452.3A CN201810324452A CN108616982A CN 108616982 A CN108616982 A CN 108616982A CN 201810324452 A CN201810324452 A CN 201810324452A CN 108616982 A CN108616982 A CN 108616982A
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personnel
micro area
film micro
positioning
probe requests
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谈玲
夏景明
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318Received signal strength
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/33Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for indoor environments, e.g. buildings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses passive type personnel positioning and statistical methods in a kind of intelligent building film micro area, including step:The probe requests thereby that mobile terminal held to personnel is actively sent out captures, and obtains and send the MAC Address and probe requests thereby data packet of the held mobile terminal of personnel;The MAC Address of the held mobile terminal of the personnel of reception and personal information are bound, and RSS values are extracted to probe requests thereby data packet, and carry out personnel positioning using the RSS localization methods and the seamless Kalman filtering algorithm of amendment that are kept with sampling and obtain the personnel position elements of a fix;To carrying out film micro area division in building, and film micro area is navigated to according to the personnel position elements of a fix, and obtains the personnel amount summation of each film micro area to the demographic in film micro area.The signal that the present invention sends out the smart machine of user in building automatically is monitored, and improves positioning statistics accuracy rate, and building demographic situation can provide basic data for the energy saving of intelligent building, safety, status monitoring.

Description

Passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in a kind of intelligent building film micro area
Technical field
The present invention relates to passive type personnel positioning and statistical methods in a kind of intelligent building film micro area, belong to location technology Field.
Background technology
In recent years, as technology of Internet of things is in the deep application of every field, smart city also enters fast-developing period. As a part for smart city, intelligent building can effectively promote user's quality of life, improve environment.In sensing technology, net Under the promotion of network technology, the information processing technology and technology of Internet of things, the monitoring range of intelligent building greatly expands, in addition to warm and humid Outside the tradition monitored object such as degree, light, the also monitoring of ambient enviroment, building health monitoring, waste management, noise, air Quality-monitoring, and the information such as personnel's disengaging, quantity, behavior, state are provided.
Positive location statistics technically may be used in personnel positioning statistics and Passive Positioning counts two ways, it is contemplated that Personnel's disengaging is frequent in building, its freedom of movement of collateral security and convenience consider, more flexible using passive type positioning statistics, more friendly It is good.Comprehensive deep development of Internet of Things is so that WiFi network is widely used in building at present, and personal smart mobile phone is general And rate is but also the passive type personnel positioning based on smart mobile phone and WiFi referred to as may with statistics.
For intelligent building, the energy saving of intelligent building, safety or health degree analysis are realized, it is necessary to the people of building Member's situation is apparent from.But existing positioning system is bright when carrying out building interior personnel's Statistic Analysis, needs using more A equipment establishes network, could realize the detection and positioning of equipment, causes equipment complexity to increase cost, positioning accuracy is not high, nothing Method fast implements demographic, influences demographic's accuracy rate.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of intelligent building film micro area Interior passive type personnel positioning and statistical method, when solving that existing positioning system is bright to be carried out building interior personnel's Statistic Analysis, The detection and positioning that use multiple equipment that could realize equipment are needed, leads to equipment complexity and positioning accuracy is not high, it can not be quick The problem of realizing demographic.
The present invention specifically uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
Passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in a kind of intelligent building film micro area, include the following steps:
The probe requests thereby that mobile terminal held to personnel is actively sent out captures, and obtains and sends personnel and hold movement eventually The MAC Address and probe requests thereby data packet at end;
The MAC Address of the held mobile terminal of the personnel of reception and the personal information to prestore are bound, and to the detection of reception Request data package extracts RSS values, and is carried out using the RSS localization methods and the seamless Kalman filtering algorithm of amendment kept with sampling Personnel positioning obtains the personnel position elements of a fix;
To carrying out film micro area division in building, and corresponding film micro area is navigated to according to the personnel position elements of a fix, and The personnel amount summation of each film micro area is obtained to the demographic in each film micro area.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method is route using WiFi-Pineapple The probe requests thereby that the held mobile terminal of device capture personnel is actively sent out.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the method and using band sampling holding RSS Localization method and the seamless Kalman filtering algorithm of amendment carry out personnel positioning, including:
It is based on using the held mobile terminal of personnel as destination node using WiFi-Pineapple routers as with reference to node The probe requests thereby actively sent out from destination node is captured convergence by RSS localization methods in sampling window, and therefrom extracts RSS Value;
The target positioning under reference mode is filtered using seamless Kalman filtering algorithm is corrected, and utilizes Bayes Predicted method estimates the destination node home position obtained based on measured value, as input, to generate filtered destination node location Output estimation;
Position output estimation based on destination node obtains the position coordinates of destination node, fixed to obtain personnel position Position coordinate.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, extraction RSS values use formula in the method:
P0Be reference distance be d0When signal strength, n be diameter damage, dr,iBe in certain sampling window, reference mode wherein,
Euclidean distance between r and destination node i, z are white Gaussian noises.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method further includes in setting delay time The probe requests thereby that the held mobile terminal of interior personnel is actively sent out captures.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method further includes according in each film micro area The statistical magnitude and probe requests thereby data packet of personnel carry out signature analysis, identify the held mobile terminal of personnel whether be static state or Dynamic device.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the held mobile terminal of personnel is mobile phone.
The present invention uses above-mentioned technical proposal, can have the following technical effects:
Passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in the intelligent building film micro area of the present invention are based on individual mobile terminal such as intelligence Can the popular style of mobile phone and the convenience of connection WiFi network set out, using smart mobile phone and WiFi-Pineapple routers it Between passive detection request search for the probe requests thereby in film micro area using WiFi Pineapple routers as a sniffer, Probe requests thereby is continuously to broadcast the data packet sent out using the smart machine of WiFi technology.Since it is not encrypted, Ke Yili These probe requests therebies are captured and decoded with passive sniffer, particular network need not be connected in advance;In personnel positioning, as long as The RSS values of probe requests thereby are analyzed, monitoring objective positioning is realized by intersection, filtering and merging process, is then being analyzed Demographic is carried out based on positioning result on processing server.Intelligent building film micro area is realized using received signal strength RSS Monitored by personnel and tracing and positioning, and then film micro area demographic is realized again, data encrypting and deciphering processing is not needed, it also need not intelligence Equipment is connected in advance on some AP, and target positioning can be carried out under single reference mode by correcting seamless Kalman filtering, essence Degree is higher.
Therefore, when the method for the present invention carries out building interior personnel's Statistic Analysis, new equipment need not be increased, as long as to building It builds the signal that the smart machine of user in object is sent out automatically to be monitored, locating effect is good, can be easier to be applied to existing Have in building, directive function can also be played to the design of the following intelligent building.Detection of the demographic based on different objects is asked It asks feature to carry out the examination of user type, and the delay of the probe requests thereby of smart machine is given and is extended the deadline, improve demographic's standard True rate.Building demographic situation can provide basic data for the energy saving of intelligent building, safety, status monitoring.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is film micro area personnel location system schematic diagram used by the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is used the network hierarchical structure figure of system by the method for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of the method for the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
Include mainly user institute as shown in Figure 1, providing the film micro area personnel location system for realizing that the method for the present invention uses Hold mobile terminal and three kinds of WiFi-Pineapple routers, analyzing processing server hardware devices.The held mobile terminal of user May be used can be interacted between smart mobile phone, and WiFi-Pineapple routers using probe requests thereby, WiFi- Pineapple routers serve as sniffer, and the MAC Address of the probe requests thereby and equipment that are actively sent out automatically to smart mobile phone carries out Capture.It is interacted between WiFi-Pineapple routers and analyzing processing server, the former is the probe requests thereby captured It is sent to analyzing processing server with the MAC Address of equipment, the latter can carry out positioning Statisti-cal control to the former.In personnel positioning Statistical module is mounted on analyzing processing server, is needed to realize in conjunction with RSS localization methods, MAC Address, spy to smart mobile phone The RSS values for surveying request data package are counted, and by the RSS technologies with Sampling hold and correct seamless Kalman filtering algorithm Carry out personnel positioning and statistics.
The network hierarchical structure of above system is as shown in Fig. 2.The bottom is networked devices, including smart mobile phone, WiFi- Pineapple routers, analyzing processing server.The second layer is detection sensing layer, is substantially carried out smart mobile phone and WiFi- Probe requests thereby broadcast between Pineapple routers and capture interaction.Third layer is data convergence-level, in analyzing processing service The various smart mobile phone probe requests therebies and MAC Address captured to WiFi-Pineapple routers on device converge.4th Layer is analyzing processing layer, is bound according to MAC Address and the user information to prestore on analyzing processing server, and extract each use The RSS values for the probe requests thereby data packet that family smart mobile phone is sent out using the RSS technologies with Sampling hold and correct seamless Kalman Filtering algorithm carries out personnel positioning and statistics.
Using above system, passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in intelligent building film micro area proposed by the present invention, Process is as shown in figure 3, specifically include following steps:
Smart mobile phone active broadcast sends probe requests thereby in step 1, system, and is carried out with WiFi-Pineapple routers Sniff interacts.The probe requests thereby actively sent out by WiFi-Pineapple routers mobile terminal held to personnel captures, The MAC Address and probe requests thereby data packet of the held mobile terminal of acquisition personnel, are then forwarded to analyzing processing server.
Step 2, by the MAC Address and probe requests thereby data packet of the held mobile terminal of analyzing processing server reception staff, After data convergence, personal information that the MAC Address of the held mobile terminal of the personnel of reception is prestored with the interior functional department of building Binding can obtain the information of personnel by binding while positioning, and extract RSS values to the probe requests thereby data packet of reception, And it carries out personnel positioning using the RSS localization methods with sampling holding and the seamless Kalman filtering algorithm of amendment and obtains personnel place The position elements of a fix carry out personnel positioning including the use of intersection, filtering, merging.
Various applications may be implemented using probe requests thereby, positioning is to be directed to more one kind, usually utilizes karr RSS trackings are realized in graceful filter cooperation.On the basis of traditional seamless Kalman filtering, present invention uses a kind of samplings of band to keep RSS and a kind of correcting the method that seamless Kalman filtering IUKF is combined to realize positioning.
Wherein, the present invention utilizes the RSS localization methods kept with sampling and corrects seamless Kalman filtering algorithm into pedestrian Member's positioning, detailed process are as follows:
Step 21, using WiFi-Pineapple routers as refer to node, using the held mobile terminal of personnel as target section The probe requests thereby actively sent out from destination node is captured convergence in sampling window based on RSS localization methods, and therefrom carried by point Take RSS values;
It carry out target location to track all being dashed forward from some destination node in particular sample window based on RSS The data convergence that hair probe requests thereby comes, and therefrom extract RSS representative values.Since the unstability of wireless channel can influence signal Transmitting-receiving, in addition probe requests thereby also has intermittent nature, therefore to keep window to keep RSS values using sampling, avoids reference mode The useful information to come over is dropped, but is sampled and kept window is too big can also influence positioning result, therefore it is 2 that window value, which is arranged,.Mesh It marks node and assumes that location estimation initial value is the possibility position of the intensive sampling in reference mode coverage area in the adjacent area of reference mode Set the median of collection.Since this method has carried out film micro area division to building, it is 1 to select reference node points, although having It is a little coarse but enough to the location estimation in film micro area using probe requests thereby mensuration.Ginseng of this method to dynamic quantity Node is examined similarly to be applicable in.
Step 22 is filtered the target positioning under reference mode using the seamless Kalman filtering algorithm of amendment, and profit Use Bayesian forecasting method that the destination node home position obtained based on measured value estimation as input, is generated filtered target Node location output estimation.I.e. the position output estimation based on reference mode obtains the position coordinates of destination node, to obtain people The member position elements of a fix.
Kalman filtering mainly realizes prediction and newer task.In view of the dynamic characteristic of this system, use seamless Kalman filtering UKF, it can be used for the estimation of nonlinear dynamic system, basic skills be by Gaussian approximation be configured to state and The Joint Distribution of measurement, and carry out seamless conversion.This seamless conversion is the non-linear estimations of a probability distribution, considers one Finite aggregate is counted, it can be used for capturing the accurate expectation moment of some state.And the opportunity of converted variable is non-linear by one Function estimates that input value is the point counted in finite aggregate.The captured opportunity exponent number higher of this seamless conversion, measures It is more preferable than Taylor series estimation, it is better than other Kalman filterings to nonlinear estimation performance.And avoid Jacobian squares Battle array and Hessian matrixes calculate makes the complexity of UKF reduce again, further improves algorithm cost performance.Directly use UKF meetings Requirements at the higher level are proposed to reference mode quantity, therefore for the estimation problem of intelligent building film micro area target positioning, use one kind Seamless Kalman filtering AUKF is corrected to realize that the target under single reference mode positions.
When start-up operation, each filter receives one by measuring the home position determined estimation as input, recycles Bayesian forecasting method generates filtered position output.This Bayes's tracking is ground using a priori location information of smart mobile phone Study carefully single WiFi equipment position, model can be described as follows:Assuming that destination node i its predicted position p in some sampling windowi - On straight line between reference mode r, the location estimation that destination node is finally obtained based on reference mode is:
Wherein prIt is the position of reference mode, and the estimated distance between reference mode and destination nodeFor:
P in formula (2)r,iIt is the RSS values for probe requests thereby, is defined as:
P in formula (3)0Be reference distance be d0When signal strength, n be diameter damage, dr,iIt is the reference in certain sampling window Euclidean distance between node r and destination node i, z are white Gaussian noises.It is calculated to simplify, by d0It is set as 1.These Parameter in different reference modes, should poor change, otherwise will be unable to normally be filtered.There are one in this programme only The measurement of reference mode can reduce its error with the predicted position of estimation and movement locus based on previous position.Finally, base The position coordinates of destination node are obtained in the position output estimation of destination node, to obtain the personnel position elements of a fix.
Based on seamless Kalman filtering method is corrected, the RSS targets positioning complete procedure kept with sampling can be expressed as three A step:Intersect, filtering, merge.Entire position fixing process needs to obtain final result by multiple samplings.In overlaping stages, The primary condition of each sampling window is obtained with previous sampling window based on current measure, it is public that process is based on formula (1)- Formula (3);Filtering is to be based on standard Kalman filter method, and at this stage, the model after each intersection executes Kalman filtering, obtains Measurement noise covariance matrix;In merging phase, the weight group of update state estimation is obtained based on measurement noise covariance matrix It closes, it is the final estimation that some state and state covariance generate in particular sample window.Have in AUKF prediction weight and Weight is measured, the two can be balanced using covariance matrix.Due in the solution of the present invention only there are one reference mode, Therefore prediction output weight suitably increases, and measuring weight suitably reduces.
Personnel positioning result is further carried out data convergence by step 3 by analyzing processing server, micro- to being carried out in building Region division, division obtains multiple film micro areas, and navigates to corresponding film micro area according to the personnel position elements of a fix, and to every Demographic in a film micro area obtains the personnel amount summation of each film micro area, that is, realizes personnel positioning and statistics, this method Also object classification, filtering are carried out into administrative staff using probe requests thereby feature.
In order to carry out real time personnel statistics in intelligent building, is monitored in real time for each film micro area, utilize personnel Positioning result completes demographic in film micro area.Each destination node can be navigated to some film micro area by AUKF filter results. Personnel's situation that target device summation in some film micro area can be obtained the region is counted on WiFi-Pineapple routers. Further include that the probe requests thereby actively sent out to the held mobile terminal of personnel within setting delay time is caught during being somebody's turn to do It obtains, due to considering that equipment probe requests thereby transmission delay issue should not be the user if user does not have reaction in this timing period 400 seconds response delay times are arranged in exclusion outside statistical result, in implementation, therefore can be asked in this time range Ask capture.
In addition, further including carrying out feature point according to the statistical magnitude of personnel in each film micro area and probe requests thereby data packet Analysis identifies whether the held mobile terminal of personnel is either statically or dynamically equipment, i.e. the examination of progress user type, this is related to pair The control of HVAC granularities.It is all to have the object interacted that be divided into several classes with WiFi-Pineapple router probe requests therebies:Road Cross personnel, mobile personnel, fixed personnel, static device.When distinguishing this few class object, mainly according to the quantity of probe requests thereby come It determines.The probe requests thereby of static device is most, commonly reaches tens thousand of;And the probe requests thereby for passing by personnel is minimum, it is normally only a Digit.The probe requests thereby data packet number of fixed personnel is only second to static device, enters time length by it and variant, generally It is thousands of.The probe requests thereby of mobile personnel is fewer than fixed personnel, but is obviously increased than passing by personnel, generally hundreds of.It is logical It crosses to probe requests thereby detection and filtration method, removes static device and pass by personnel, the personnel for participating in statistics are divided into fixed people Member and mobile personnel.The division of personnel is sentenced by object activity rule and the information such as probe data packet quantity and feature come comprehensive analysis Disconnected, the primitive rule judged is:The probe requests thereby of static device is most, and the probe requests thereby for passing by personnel is minimum;Fixed people The probe requests thereby data packet number of member is only second to static device, and time length is entered and variant by it;The detection of mobile personnel Request is fewer than fixed personnel, but is obviously increased than passing by personnel.As a result, according to object activity rule and probe data packet quantity and The information such as feature carry out comprehensive analysis and judgement, can complete the identification to personnel institute holding equipment.
To sum up, when the method for the present invention carries out building interior personnel's Statistic Analysis, new equipment need not be increased, as long as to building It builds the signal that the smart machine of user in object is sent out automatically to be monitored, locating effect is good, can be easier to be applied to existing Have in building, directive function can also be played to the design of the following intelligent building.Detection of the demographic based on different objects is asked It asks feature to carry out the examination of user type, and the delay of the probe requests thereby of smart machine is given and is extended the deadline, improve demographic's standard True rate.Building demographic situation can provide basic data for the energy saving of intelligent building, safety, status monitoring.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned implementations Mode within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art can also be without departing from the purpose of the present invention It makes a variety of changes.

Claims (7)

1. passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in a kind of intelligent building film micro area, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
The probe requests thereby that mobile terminal held to personnel is actively sent out captures, and obtains and send the held mobile terminal of personnel MAC Address and probe requests thereby data packet;
The MAC Address of the held mobile terminal of the personnel of reception and the personal information to prestore are bound, and to the probe requests thereby of reception Data packet extracts RSS values, and using the RSS localization methods kept with sampling and corrects seamless Kalman filtering algorithm into administrative staff Position the acquisition personnel position elements of a fix;
To carrying out film micro area division in building, and corresponding film micro area is navigated to according to the personnel position elements of a fix, and to every Demographic in a film micro area obtains the personnel amount summation of each film micro area.
2. passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in intelligent building film micro area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute State the probe requests thereby that method is actively sent out using the held mobile terminal of WiFi-Pineapple routers capture personnel.
3. passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in intelligent building film micro area according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute It states in method and carries out personnel positioning using the RSS localization methods and the seamless Kalman filtering algorithm of amendment that are kept with sampling, including:
It is fixed based on RSS using the held mobile terminal of personnel as destination node using WiFi-Pineapple routers as node is referred to The probe requests thereby actively sent out from destination node is captured convergence by position method in sampling window, and therefrom extracts RSS values;
The target positioning under reference mode is filtered using seamless Kalman filtering algorithm is corrected, and utilizes Bayesian forecasting Method estimates the destination node home position obtained based on measured value, as input, to generate filtered destination node location output Estimation;
Position output estimation based on destination node obtains the position coordinates of destination node, is sat with obtaining the positioning of personnel position Mark.
4. passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in intelligent building film micro area according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute It states and extracts RSS values in method using formula:
Wherein, P0Be reference distance be d0When signal strength, n be diameter damage, dr,iBe in certain sampling window, reference mode r and Euclidean distance between destination node i, z are white Gaussian noises.
5. passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in intelligent building film micro area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute The method of stating further includes that the probe requests thereby actively sent out to the held mobile terminal of personnel within setting delay time captures.
6. passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in intelligent building film micro area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute The method of stating further includes carrying out signature analysis according to the statistical magnitude of personnel in each film micro area and probe requests thereby data packet, is identified Whether the held mobile terminal of personnel is either statically or dynamically equipment.
7. passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in intelligent building film micro area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute It is mobile phone to state the held mobile terminal of personnel.
CN201810324452.3A 2018-04-12 2018-04-12 Passive type personnel positioning and statistical method in a kind of intelligent building film micro area Pending CN108616982A (en)

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Application publication date: 20181002