CN108614916A - A kind of method of the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation - Google Patents
A kind of method of the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation, include the following steps：Establish finite element model, obtain the displacement coefficient matrix of front node, obtain the wavefront distortion displacement field acted on by environmental load, establish the Optimized model of front actuator layout, establish the relationship between front precision and actuator adjustment amount, the best actuator adjustment amount for calculating compensation wavefront distortion adjusts actuator according to best actuator adjustment amount.The invention has the beneficial effects that：(1) position and arrangement quantity, calculation amount that can fast and effectively find actuator are reduced；(2) the actuator adjustment amount for ensureing that front precision is best can be fast and effectively calculated, and Adjustment precision improves；(3) under the premise of ensureing not increase antenna weights, while guarantor's type and the adjustment of frivolous active phase array antenna front have been taken into account, integrated design may be implemented, there is very high engineering use value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of compensation antenna array deformation, and in particular to a kind of quickly compensation is large-scale frivolous active
The method of phased array antenna wavefront distortion belongs to Radar Antenna System field.
Background technology
With the continuous development and variation of military requirement, active phase array antenna is mainly towards ultra wide band, multi-functional, Gao Xing
It can develop with highly integrated equal directions.Meanwhile with the diversification of the complication of battlefield surroundings and application platform, modern active phase
Array antenna also proposed bigger challenge to the application technology of antenna array.In order to adapt to growth requirement, active phase array antenna to
The directions such as ultra wide band, intelligent adaptive, large size, frivolous, highly integrated to develop.
With the continuous development of electronic component and Micro-package technique, the integrated level of antenna is higher and higher, and is done step-by-step
The integrated design of structure and function so that active phase array antenna has the characteristics that structure is frivolous, heavy caliber.It is same with this
When, frivolous antenna array be usually operated at shine upon, wind, ice and snow, vibration, impact, salt fog, in the Service Environments such as humidity.
At random, the dynamic environment load of time-varying can cause the malformation of front, and then influence front performance；It shines upon, is salt fog, wet
The material property parameter of the such environmental effects fronts such as degree so that certain degeneration and time-varying is presented with active time in physical parameter
Property, and then lead to front performance development during one's term of military service；Temperature difference environment can influence the precision of front, cause the change of front electrical property
Change.
Therefore, traditional method for ensureing electrical property required precision by antenna array rigidity of structure redundancy will be difficult to full
Sufficient design requirement.Design adjustment antenna array structure is to solve the lightening caused Stiffness Distribution control of large-scale antenna front
The feasible method of problem processed.
Papers of the Chen Gengchao in 2003《Flexible antennas reflecting surface adjustment technology》The middle coupling using between each adjustment point
Relationship is extracted the displacement coupling matrix between each adjustment point, is superimposed according to deformation former by establishing the finite element model of reflecting surface
Reason gives the relationship between each adjustment amount.But its shortcoming is：Environmental load suffered by reflecting surface in practical application is not considered
Variation, and it is computationally intensive, Adjustment precision is limited.
The paper in 2015 such as Cao Yuyan《Piezoelectric intelligent reflecting surface static shape control and actuator position optimization》In
It has studied and the piezoelectric intelligent reflecting surface of honeycomb sandwich construction is equivalent to multilayer composite sheet, structure has been derived according to the principle of virtual work
Finite element equation, then according to the finite element equation of foundation, the root-mean-square error and actuator that have derived distorted reflector control
The relational expression of voltage establishes shape control Optimized model, and actuator is controlled with the minimum optimization aim of root-mean-square error
The optimization of voltage is converted into the solution of constrained optimization problem, is given using simulated annealing and emits minute surface under gravity
Best piezoelectric actuator configuration.But its shortcoming is：The mode of optimization actuator position is only applicable to small-sized reflecting surface, works as battle array
When face size is larger and flexible very high, it is difficult to provide optimal solution.
Invention content
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to：Reflecting surface is carried by environment in considering practical application
Under the premise of lotus influences, a kind of method of the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation is provided.
In order to realize that above-mentioned target, the present invention adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method of the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation, which is characterized in that including following
Step：
Step1：According to the structural parameters and material properties of frivolous active phase array antenna front, frivolous active phase is established
The finite element model of array antenna front；
Step2：Corresponding constraint processing is done to above-mentioned finite element model, and divides finite element grid, then respectively to above-mentioned
All cell nodes of finite element model apply unit active force, obtain the displacement coefficient matrix of front nodeM indicates front finite element model number of nodes, αj={ β1…βm}TIt indicates at jth node
Apply each modal displacement vector, j=1,2 ..., m when unit active force；
Step3：Environmental load suffered when frivolous active phase array antenna front is on active service is simulated, to above-mentioned finite element model
Mechanical analysis is carried out, the frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion displacement field acted on by environmental load is obtainedBjDisplacement after indicating loaded at jth node, j=1,2 ..., m；
Step4：Iterative steps k=1 is set, by the maximum node of actuator arrangement wavefront distortion at this moment when each iteration
At displacement, and the actuator position before holding in iteration step is constant, can obtain the position of actuator Operational node in any iteration step
Move coefficient matrices A={ A1…An}m×n, thus establish the Optimized model of frivolous active phase array antenna front actuator layout：
Find:X=(x1,…xn,y1,…yn)
min:Δ δ=| | B+ATF||2
In formula, xi,yiThe transverse and longitudinal coordinate of i-th of actuator arrangement node is indicated respectively；F indicates front actuator active force
Size；x,The Lower and upper bounds of the abscissa of actuator arrangement node are indicated respectively；y,Indicate that actuator arranges node respectively
Ordinate Lower and upper bounds, Δ δ indicates that wavefront distortion error precision, n indicate that actuator number, m indicate front finite element model
Number of nodes；
Step5：According to the arrangement of actuator, it is based on finite element theory, establishes front precision and actuator adjustment amount
Between relationship；
Step6：According to the relationship between front precision and actuator adjustment amount, calculates and compensate frivolous active phase array antenna
The best actuator adjustment amount of wavefront distortion
Step7：Actuator is adjusted according to best actuator adjustment amount, frivolous active phase array antenna is deformed to realize
The adjustment of front.
The method of the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation above-mentioned, which is characterized in that in Step5
In, the relationship established between front precision and actuator adjustment amount includes the following steps：
(5.1) node where actuator is made into constraint processing, only allows it to be moved in the directions z, extracts frivolous active phase
The stiffness matrix K ' of array antenna finite element model；
(5.2) q is usedcIt indicates actuator Operational node motion vector, uses qucIndicate non-actuator start modal displacement vector,
Obtain front modal displacement vector q={ qc quc}T；
(5.3) according to the sequence of modal displacement vector, frivolous active phase array antenna front stiffness matrix K ' is arranged again
Row obtainIt rearranges frivolous active phase array antenna front load column vector to obtain load vectors f=
{fc fuc}T,fcFor load vectors, f suffered by actuator Operational nodeucFor load vectors suffered by non-actuator Operational node；
(5.4) q is had according to finite element stiffness equations [K] { q }={ f }uc=K22 -1(fuc-K21qc)；
(5.5) antenna array initial deformation node column vector is obtained using front monitoring means, is known by step 3 (Step3), For the initial deformation column vector of actuator Operational node,For the initial of non-actuator Operational node
Column vector is deformed, defining antenna array precision δ is：
(5.6) relationship between front precision and actuator adjustment amount is obtained according to step (5.4) and (5.5)：
In formula, I is unit battle array.
The method of the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation above-mentioned, which is characterized in that in Step6
In, best actuator adjustment amountCalculation formula be：
The invention has the beneficial effects that：
(1) according to the difference of the variant of frivolous active phase array antenna front, start can fast and effectively be found
The position and arrangement quantity, calculation amount of device are reduced, and are calculated quickly, effectively；
(2) calculation formula of actuator adjustment amount can fast and effectively calculate the start for ensureing that front precision is best
Device adjustment amount, engineering is easy to use, and Adjustment precision improves；
(3) when the bore of antenna increases, the gain of antenna improves, and brings the rigidity of antenna to reduce therewith so that antenna
Front is easily influenced front by environmental load and generates malformation, so method is suitable for large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna battle array
Face；
(4) after actuator adjusts, large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna front precision improves, and is known according to Ruze formula,
The electrical property of frivolous active phase array antenna is improved, so having ensured the reliable military service of antenna；
(5) under the premise of ensureing not increase antenna weights, while the guarantor of frivolous active phase array antenna front has been taken into account
Type and adjustment, may be implemented integrated design, have very high engineering use value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of start layout；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna；
Fig. 3 is that FEM model schematic diagram is compared in large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna submatrix front contracting
Fig. 4 is the front and back large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna submatrix wavefront distortion comparison diagram of actuator arrangement；
Fig. 5 is the front and back large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna submatrix wavefront distortion comparison diagram of compensation.
The meaning of reference numeral in figure：The large-scale frivolous active phase array antennas of 1-, the super fronts of 2-, the super submatrixs of 3-.
Specific implementation mode
Specific introduce is made to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
First part：The quickly method of the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of compensation
Referring to Fig.1, the method for the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation of the invention comprising with
Lower step：
Step1：Using Mercantile Models analysis software, according to the structural parameters and material of frivolous active phase array antenna front
Attribute establishes the finite element model of frivolous active phase array antenna front.
Step2：Corresponding constraint is done to above-mentioned finite element model and handles (such as four angle point staff cultivations), and Grid Edge is set
It is long, mesh generation is carried out to above-mentioned finite element model, then all cell nodes of above-mentioned finite element model are applied respectively single
Position active force, obtains the displacement coefficient matrix of front nodeM indicates front finite element mould
Type number of nodes, αj={ β1…βm}TIt is vectorial to indicate to apply at jth node each modal displacement when unit active force, j=1,2 ...,
m。
Step3：Environmental load suffered when frivolous active phase array antenna front is on active service is simulated, to above-mentioned finite element model
Mechanical analysis is carried out, the frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion displacement field acted on by environmental load is obtainedIt is regarded as the antenna array displacement field monitored in antenna real work, BjIndicate loaded
Displacement at jth node afterwards, j=1,2 ..., m.
Step4：After obtaining antenna initial deformation displacement field, sensor placement is carried out using Optimized model, setting first changes
Ride instead of walk several k=1, arranges actuator at the maximum node displacement of wavefront distortion at this moment when each iteration, and before keeping repeatedly
Actuator position in riding instead of walk is constant, can obtain displacement coefficient matrix A={ A of actuator Operational node in any iteration step1…
An}m×n, thus establish the Optimized model of frivolous active phase array antenna front actuator layout.
The step of establishing the Optimized model is specific as follows：
(4.1) iterative steps k=1, i.e. n=k=1, at this time actuator be arranged in the maximum displacement of wavefront distortion displacement field B
At node, when iterative steps to k walk, actuator number n=k, the position of actuator are the battle array of any iteration step at this time
At the maximum node of facial disfigurement displacement field, and 1 to during k iteration, the maximum of the wavefront distortion displacement field of any iteration step saves
Point displacement where node serial number be respectively：Num1,Num2,…,Numk, NumkIndicate front maximum distortion when kth step iteration
Node serial number, k are iterative steps, to ordered series of numbers { Num1,Num2,…,NumkAscending order arrangement is carried out, obtain ordered series of numbers { Num1′,
Num2′,…,Num′k, the displacement coefficient matrix A of actuator Operational node is during any iteration thereby determined that walks：
In formula,Indicate displacement coefficient matrix αm×mNumi' row, Numi' it is ordered series of numbers { Num1′,Num2′,…,Num
′kIn i-th of element, wherein the number of actuator be equal to iterations, i.e. n=k.
(4.2) frivolous array antenna wavefront distortion displacement is after actuator acts on：
Or B '=B+ATF
Wherein,μi 0Indicate the initial deformation displacement of the i-th node；
B ' is the front motion vector after actuator effect；αijIndicate that actuator applies caused when unit active force at jth node
The displacement of i-th node is the element in matrix A；F={ f1 f2…fn}T,fjActuator active force is big at expression jth node
It is small.
(4.3) the wavefront distortion displacement provided according to step (4.2) divides equally root error amount with all modal displacements of front
Indicate wavefront distortion error precision Δ δ：
Or Δ δ=| | B+ATF||2。
(4.4) w=Δs δ is enabled2, existThen have：
Or AB+AATF=0.
(4.5) formula in step (4.4) is write as to the form of matrix：
F=- (AAT)-1(AB)。
(4.6) formula of the matrix form provided according to step (4.5) establishes following frivolous active phase array antenna front
The Optimized model of actuator layout：
Find:X=(x1,…xn,y1,…yn)
min:Δ δ=| | B+ATF||2
In formula, xi,yiThe transverse and longitudinal coordinate of i-th of actuator arrangement node is indicated respectively；F indicates front actuator active force
Size；x,The Lower and upper bounds of the abscissa of actuator arrangement node are indicated respectively；y,Indicate that actuator arranges node respectively
Ordinate Lower and upper bounds.
(4.7) front precision it is expected in settingThe seismic responses calculated actuator active force that is provided using step (4.6) and
Wavefront distortion error delta under actuator active force, ifIt then exports actuator Operational node number and otherwise position enables k
=k+1 repeats step (4.1).
Step5：According to the arrangement of actuator, it is based on finite element theory, establishes front precision and actuator adjustment amount
Between relationship.
The relationship established between front precision and actuator adjustment amount includes the following steps：
(5.1) Mercantile Models analysis software is utilized, the node that actuator acts on is made into constraint processing, only allows it in the side z
To movement, the stiffness matrix K ' of frivolous active phase array antenna finite element model is extracted；
(5.2) q is usedcIt indicates actuator Operational node motion vector (adjustment amount), uses qucIndicate non-actuator start node
Motion vector obtains front modal displacement vector q={ qc quc}T；
(5.3) according to the sequence of modal displacement vector, frivolous active phase array antenna front stiffness matrix K ' is arranged again
Row obtainIt rearranges frivolous active phase array antenna front load column vector to obtain load vectors f=
{fc fuc}T,fcFor load vectors, f suffered by actuator Operational nodeucFor load vectors suffered by non-actuator Operational node；
(5.4) according to finite element stiffness equations [K] { q }={ f }, have：
quc=K22 -1(fuc-K21qc)；
(5.5) antenna array initial deformation node column vector is obtained using front monitoring means, is known by Step3, For the initial deformation column vector of actuator Operational node,For the initial of non-actuator Operational node
Column vector is deformed, defining antenna array precision δ is：
(5.6) relationship between front precision and actuator adjustment amount is obtained according to step (5.4) and step (5.5)：
In formula, I is unit battle array.
Step6：According to the relationship between front precision and actuator adjustment amount, calculates and compensate frivolous active phase array antenna
The best actuator adjustment amount of wavefront distortion
By the relationship between front precision and actuator adjustment amount it is found that in the presence ofSo best actuator adjustment
AmountCalculation formula be：
Step7：Actuator is adjusted according to best actuator adjustment amount, frivolous active phase array antenna is deformed to realize
The adjustment of front.
Second part：L-G simulation test
1, simulation parameter
Select a front area close to 160m2Frivolous active phase array antenna as research object, due to its front area
It is larger, it is difficult to realize overall precision guarantee in engineering, therefore the front of the frivolous active phase array antenna of the large size is divided into 9 and is surpassed
Grade submatrix, as shown in Figure 2.
By taking most intermediate super submatrix as an example, front length and width is respectively 3m and 1.8m, and front area is
5.4m2, front thickness is 6mm.
To ensure front precision, initial stage position and the rational start of quantity behind each super submatrix are designed
Device, it is ensured that antenna array precision reaches expectation and requires in military service.
Or by taking most intermediate super submatrix as an example, the position of actuator and quantity are as shown in table 1 behind.
1 actuator position of table and quantity
2, emulation content and result
Establish the scale model of the frivolous active phase array antenna submatrix front of the large size.Moulded dimension is 300mm × 180mm
× 6mm, elastic model modulus are 70GPa, Poisson's ratio 0.3, density 10044Kg/m3.Selection unit type is shell63, is established
Its finite element model, using four angle point staff cultivations, as shown in Figure 3.
Gravitational load and distributed wind loading lotus simulated environment load are applied to the model, then utilize method provided by the invention
Compensate the frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of the large size.
Simulation result is as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, wherein Fig. 4 is the front and back frivolous active phased array day of the large size of actuator arrangement
Line submatrix wavefront distortion comparison diagram, Fig. 5 are the frivolous active phase array antenna submatrix wavefront distortion comparison diagrams of the front and back large size of compensation.
As shown in Figure 4：Actuator placement position and reasonable quantity, and the actuator position given by table 1 and
Under quantity, actuator amount of force is obtained by calculation, to big active forces such as above-mentioned model applications, acts on force effect herein
Under, the wavefront distortion caused by gravitational load and wind load be improved significantly.
As shown in Figure 5：Antenna array is obtained by calculation and generates certain deformed best actuator adjustment amount, according to this
Best actuator adjustment amount adjusts actuator, and wavefront distortion is compensated, is increased to from initial front precision 0.38mm
0.0353mm improves 90% or more.
It should be noted that the invention is not limited in any way for above-described embodiment, it is all to use equivalent replacement or equivalent change
The technical solution that the mode changed is obtained, all falls in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step1：According to the structural parameters and material properties of frivolous active phase array antenna front, frivolous active phased array day is established
The finite element model in linear array face；
Step2：Corresponding constraint processing is done to above-mentioned finite element model, and divides finite element grid, then respectively to above-mentioned limited
All cell nodes of meta-model apply unit active force, obtain the displacement coefficient matrix of front nodeM indicates front finite element model number of nodes, αj={ β1 … βm}TIt indicates in jth node
Place applies each modal displacement vector, j=1,2 ..., m when unit active force；
Step3：Environmental load suffered when frivolous active phase array antenna front is on active service is simulated, above-mentioned finite element model is carried out
Mechanical analysis obtains the frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion displacement field acted on by environmental loadBjDisplacement after indicating loaded at jth node, j=1,2 ..., m；
Step4：Iterative steps k=1 is set, by the maximum node displacement of actuator arrangement wavefront distortion at this moment when each iteration
Place, and the actuator position before holding in iteration step is constant, can obtain the displacement system of actuator Operational node in any iteration step
Matrix number A={ A1 … An}m×n, thus establish the Optimized model of frivolous active phase array antenna front actuator layout：
Find:X=(x1,…xn,y1,…yn)
min:Δ δ=| | B+ATF||2
In formula, xi,yiThe transverse and longitudinal coordinate of i-th of actuator arrangement node is indicated respectively；F indicates the big of front actuator active force
It is small；x,The Lower and upper bounds of the abscissa of actuator arrangement node are indicated respectively；y,The vertical of actuator arrangement node is indicated respectively
The Lower and upper bounds of coordinate, Δ δ indicate that wavefront distortion error precision, n indicate that actuator number, m indicate front finite element model node
Number；
Step5：According to the arrangement of actuator, it is based on finite element theory, is established between front precision and actuator adjustment amount
Relationship；
Step6：According to the relationship between front precision and actuator adjustment amount, calculates and compensate frivolous active phase array antenna front
The best actuator adjustment amount of deformation
Step7：Actuator is adjusted according to best actuator adjustment amount, front is deformed to frivolous active phase array antenna to realize
Adjustment.
2. the method for the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation according to claim 1, feature
It is, in Step5, the relationship established between front precision and actuator adjustment amount includes the following steps：
(5.1) node where actuator is made into constraint processing, only allows it to be moved in the directions z, extracts frivolous active phased array day
The stiffness matrix K ' of line finite element model；
(5.2) q is usedcIt indicates actuator Operational node motion vector, uses qucIt indicates non-actuator start modal displacement vector, obtains
Front modal displacement vector q={ qc quc}T；
(5.3) according to the sequence of modal displacement vector, frivolous active phase array antenna front stiffness matrix K ' is rearranged
It arrivesIt rearranges frivolous active phase array antenna front load column vector to obtain load vectors f={ fc
fuc}T,fcFor load vectors, f suffered by actuator Operational nodeucFor load vectors suffered by non-actuator Operational node；
(5.4) q is had according to finite element stiffness equations [K] { q }={ f }uc=K22 -1(fuc-K21qc)；
(5.5) antenna array initial deformation node column vector is obtained using front monitoring means, is known by step 3 (Step3), For the initial deformation column vector of actuator Operational node,For the initial of non-actuator Operational node
Column vector is deformed, defining antenna array precision δ is：
(5.6) relationship between front precision and actuator adjustment amount is obtained according to step (5.4) and (5.5)：
In formula, I is unit battle array.
3. the method for the large-scale frivolous active phase array antenna wavefront distortion of quick compensation according to claim 2, feature
It is, in Step6, best actuator adjustment amountCalculation formula be：
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| CN110516299A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-29 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of mixed compensation method towards active phase array antenna electrical property |
| CN111987474A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-11-24 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | Phased array antenna array surface deformation active adjusting mechanism and control method thereof |
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