CN108595827A - A kind of determination method of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character - Google Patents
A kind of determination method of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to high strength steel processing engineering technology field, more particularly to the determination method of a kind of C Mn Al high strength steel Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanisms and hot-working character.The present invention carries out high temperature compressed experiment to novel C Mn Al high strength steels first, obtain the true stress-true stain curve data of steel, then the flow stress prediction model of steel is established, model selects based on creep theory, considers the self-diffusion coefficient of Young's modulus and austenite and constitutive model of the one kind with physical basis of temperature relation, the flow stress of the constitutive model energy Accurate Prediction steel of foundation；The thermal deformation manuscript for establishing steel determines the microstructure evolution mechanism of different zones in manuscript in conjunction with microscopic structure.Thermal deformation constitutive model and manuscript are combined, thermal deformation flow stress under the conditions of analysis random variation and thermal deformation power dissipation efficiency, to obtain corresponding microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character information, as a result high strength steel hot procedure is controlled significant.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high strength steel processing engineering technology field, more particularly to a kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels thermal deformation
The determination method of microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character.
Background technology
For energy saving and environmental protection, there is an urgent need to develop the high strength steels with good plasticity and toughness, including
TRIP steel.Conventional TRIP steel is developed based on C-Mn-Si alloy systems, the purpose using high silicon content is to inhibit cooled
The formation of cementite is to increase the stability and quantity of retained austenite in journey.It is lacked however, high silicon content may be such that steel generates
It falls into, such as hard oxide layer, the surface property of difference and low coating ability.These harmful shadows of Si can be eliminated since Al substitutes Si
Ring, therefore C-Mn-Al-Si or C-Mn-Al base TRIP steel causes more and more concerns, people to the microscopic structure of such steel and
Mechanical behavior has carried out a large amount of research, but more lacks to the research of its hot deformation behavior.
Dynamic recrystallization is a kind of very universal and important deformation mechanism, in Dynamic Recrystallization, is had occurred bright
Aobvious tissue reconstruction, can greatly eliminate the various defects in original structure, and microcosmic tissue change causes macroscopically to process
The raising of plasticity and the reduction of resistance of deformation.Dynamic recovery is always had in the early period of Dynamic Recrystallization, because of dynamic
The elimination and rearrangement of the dislocation occurred in Recovery Process can form the boundary of the cell structure and wide-angle misorientation of certain size
Face, this exactly provides the condition of new core for dynamic recrystallization.Dynamic recrystallization is the deformation of a safety in hot procedure
Deformation parameter is controlled when formulating heat processing technique and is being closed to obtain good thermal deformation microscopic structure by mechanism as possible
In the range of the dynamic recrystallization mechanisms play effect of gold.
Thermal deformation constitutive equation can indicate stress, strain, temperature and strain rate is this kind of to be measured in macroscopic objects
Relationship between the physical quantity arrived.The advantages of constitutive equation is the flow stress that can intuitively obtain under a certain deformation condition, but
Cannot materials microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character be determined by the information of flow stress plots merely.Dynamic material model
It is the base according to irreversible thermokinetics, physical system simulation and continuity mechanics etc. under large strain Plastic Deformation Conditions
What present principles were set up.The manuscript of dynamic material model can lead to too small amount of experiment and accurately reflect material in different distortion item
Microstructural evolution under part and mechanism, and then can be used for optimizing the heat processing technique of material, but cannot be obtained by manuscript
To the information of flow stress plots.
Through retrieval, the application case that Chinese Patent Application No. is 201610131725.3 discloses a kind of assessment metal material heat
The method of processing performance, this approach includes the following steps：(1) under the thermal deformation conditions of design, the high temperature of metal material is carried out
Compression test obtains the true stress-true strain data of metal material；(2) changing for description Metal Materials At High Temperature flow stress is established
It is realized into type hyperbolic sine constitutive model, and by programming；(3) metal material heat processing dissipation efficiency assessment models and mistake are established
Steady criterion model, and realized by programming；(4) the prediction High temperature rheological feature model established in step (2) and (3), heat are used
Dissipation efficiency assessment models and INSTABILITY CRITERION model are processed, can predict that the rheology of the metal material under the conditions of random variation is answered
Power, hot-working dissipation efficiency and unstability coefficient, to realize the synthesis to metal material heat processing performance under the conditions of random variation
Assessment.But this application is still using traditional hyperbolic sine constitutive model, and the accuracy of prediction result still needs further
It improves.
Invention content
1. technical problems to be solved by the inivention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels thermal deformation groups
Knit the determination method of evolution mechanism and hot-working character.Method using the present invention can more accurately judge that C-Mn-Al is high-strength
The Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character of steel at different conditions are spent, for C-Mn-Al high strength steel hot-working works
The rational of skill has important directive significance.
2. technical solution
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention is：
A kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism of the present invention and the determination method of hot-working character,
This approach includes the following steps：
Step 1：High temperature compressed experiment is carried out to steel at different distortion temperature and strain rate, obtains the trus stress-of steel
True strain curve data；
Step 2：The constitutive model of prediction C-Mn-Al high strength steel High temperature rheological features is established, which selects base
In creep theory, it is contemplated that one kind of the self-diffusion coefficient and temperature relation of Young's modulus and austenite has the mould of physical basis
Type is shown below：
In above formula,It is strain rate (s-1), T is temperature (K), and σ is flow stress (MPa), and D (T) is oneself of austenite
Diffusion coefficient, D (T)=D0exp(Qsd/ (RT)), D0It is diffusion constant, QsdIt is self-diffuse activation energy, E (T) describes Young mould
The relationship of amount and temperature；B ', α ' and n ' are material constant；
Dependent variable ε is introduced into constitutive equation the influence for testing steel flow stress, calculates the differently strained amount of series one by one
Such constitutive equation under corresponding stress, obtained material constant lnB ', α ' and n ' and the relationship of dependent variable ε are multinomial with 5 times
Formula is fitted；
Fitting result is substituted into model, that is, obtains flow stress prediction model：
Wherein：α′ε=α0+α1ε+α2ε2+α3ε3+α4ε4+α5ε5, n 'ε=N0+N1ε+N2ε2+N3ε3+N4ε4+N5ε5, (lnB ')ε
=B0′+B1′ε+B2′ε2+B3′ε3+B4′ε4+B5′ε5；
Step 3：Dynamic material model is according to the irreversible thermokinetics under large strain Plastic Deformation Conditions, department of physics
What the basic principle of system simulation and continuity mechanics etc. was set up.According to dynamic material model, power dissipation efficiency is defined
The criterion of factor η and processing unstability is as follows：
Wherein m is the strain hardening and strain-rate sensitivity factor,Under same dependent variable, in temperature-strain rate
On two dimensional surface, the isogram of η, i.e. power dissipation figure are drawn, then draws the region that parameter ξ is negative, i.e. hot-working unstability figure,
The manuscript of material is obtained；It observes microscopic structure and manuscript of the steel under the conditions of different distortion to be combined, determines processing
Rheological Instability area, dynamic recrystallization area in figure and dynamic recovery area；
Step 4：Constitutive model and manuscript are combined to the hot deformation behavior of research material：Utilize this structure mould of foundation
Type predicts that the stress-strain diagram under the conditions of different distortion, different deformation conditions correspond to the different location in manuscript, really
The power dissipation efficiency factor η under the conditions of different distortion is determined, to obtain the flow stress plots information under the conditions of random variation
With thermal deformation power dissipation efficiency eta value.The present invention is mutually confirmed using two methods of manuscript and constitutive equation, to more acurrate
Ground judges Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character under different condition.
Further, the deformation temperature in the step 1 is 900-1100 DEG C, and the interval section of deformation temperature is 50
DEG C, the strain rate 0.01-30s-1, 0.01,0.1,1,10 and 30s is taken respectively-1。
Further, the value of α ' utilizes formula α '=β '/n in step 21' acquire, and n1' and β ' respectively byWithSlope obtain, n is acquired according to linear regression1' the value with β '；
According to constitutive model, linear fitGained slope and intercept are respectively intended to calculate
The value of n ' and lnB '.
Further, in step 2 value of dependent variable ε from 0.05-0.80, interval section 0.05.
Further, the E in step 2 (T) is calculated according to the following formula：
Wherein, E0And G0Young's modulus and modulus of shearing of the material in 300K are respectively represented, G is material at temperature T
Modulus of shearing, TMIt is the fusing point of material.
3. advantageous effect
Using technical solution provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result：
(1) the determination side of of the invention a kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character
Method utilizes manuscript and constitutive equation two methods phase in conjunction with thermal deformation constitutive equation and thermal deformation manuscript based on physics
Mutually confirmation, so as to more accurately judge Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and the hot-working character under different condition.
(2) the determination side of of the invention a kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character
Method, using the stress-strain diagram under the conditions of the Constitutive Models in Predicting different distortion of foundation, different deformation conditions, which corresponds to, to be added
Different location in work figure determines the power dissipation efficiency factor η under the conditions of different distortion, under the conditions of obtaining random variation
Flow stress plots information and thermal deformation power dissipation efficiency eta value, understand under certain deformation conditions the thermal deformation of material and dynamic
State recrystallizes information, to provide important references to the hot procedure of material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1-Fig. 4 compares for the predicted value and experiment value of constitutive model under the conditions of different distortion.
Fig. 5 is the thermal deformation microscopic structure corresponding to different zones in thermal deformation manuscript and manuscript.
Fig. 6 is two kinds of different distortion conditions (1080 DEG C, 0.03s-1With 930 DEG C, 6s-1) under position in corresponding manuscript
Set calibration situation.
Fig. 7 is 1080 DEG C, 0.03s-1Under the conditions of Constitutive Models in Predicting flow stress plots.
Fig. 8 is 930 DEG C, 6s-1Under the conditions of Constitutive Models in Predicting flow stress plots.
Specific implementation mode
To further appreciate that present disclosure, in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism of the present embodiment and the determination side of hot-working character
Method, this approach includes the following steps：
Step 1：In deformation temperature be 900-1100 DEG C (interval section is 50 DEG C) and strain rate is 0.01-30s-1
(0.01、0.1、1、10、30s-1), dependent variable is to be carried out to C-Mn-Al high strength steels under the thermal deformation conditions of engineering strain 0.6
High temperature compressed experiment obtains the true stress-true strain curve data of C-Mn-Al high strength steels；
Step 2：Establish the constitutive model of prediction C-Mn-Al high strength steel thermal deformation flow stress, this selected structure side
Cheng Wei：
Wherein,It is strain rate (s-1), T is temperature (K), and σ is flow stress (MPa), and B ', α ' and n ' they are that material is normal
Number, D (T) is the self-diffusion coefficient of austenite, D (T)=D0exp(Qsd/ (RT)), D0It is diffusion constant, QsdIt is self-diffusion activation
Can, E (T) describes the relationship of Young's modulus and temperature.γ-Fe are and test the immediate material of steel, by the data generation of γ-Fe
Enter, obtains：
Wherein, E0And G0Respectively represent Young's modulus and modulus of shearing of the material in 300K, TMIt is the fusing point of material.
Have 3 unknown number B ', α ' and n ' in equation it needs to be determined that.The value of α ' can utilize formula α '=β '/n1' acquire,
And n1' and β ' can respectively byWithSlope obtain, linear regression is asked
Obtain n1' the value with β '.According to constitutive equation, linear fitGained slope and cut
Away from the value that can be respectively intended to calculating n ' and lnB '.
Dependent variable is introduced into Constitutive Equation the influence for testing steel flow stress, the value of dependent variable is from 0.05-
0.80, interval section 0.05 calculates such constitutive equation under the corresponding stress of the differently strained amount of series one by one, obtained
Material constant α ', n ' and lnB ' and the relationship of dependent variable ε are fitted with 5 order polynomials.
It will be fitted in obtained coefficient value substitution formula, that is, obtain the flow stress prediction model based on physics：
Wherein, α 'ε=α0+α1ε+α2ε2+α3ε3+α4ε4+α5ε5, n 'ε=N0+N1ε+N2ε2+N3ε3+N4ε4+N5ε5, (lnB ')ε
=B0′+B1′ε+B2′ε2+B3′ε3+B4′ε4+B5′ε5, coefficient is as shown in table 1.
The thermal deformation flow stress under the conditions of different distortion, pair of gained predicted value and experiment value are calculated using prediction model
More as Figure 1-Figure 4 than scheming, prediction result is good as seen from the figure, therefore the thermal change for the constitutive model energy Accurate Prediction steel established
Shape flow stress plots.
Each coefficient value in 1 quintic algebra curve of table
Step 3：Dynamic material model is according to the irreversible thermokinetics under large strain Plastic Deformation Conditions, department of physics
What the basic principle of system simulation and continuity mechanics etc. was set up.According to dynamic material model, power dissipation effect is defined
The criterion of rate factor η and processing unstability.
Wherein m is the strain hardening and strain-rate sensitivity factor,Under same dependent variable, in temperature-strain rate
On two dimensional surface, the isogram (i.e. power dissipation figure) of η is drawn, then draws region (the i.e. hot-working unstability that parameter ξ is about negative
Figure), just obtain the manuscript of material.
In order to verify the accuracy of thermal deformation manuscript, tissue and manuscript of the steel under the conditions of different distortion have been observed
It is combined, it is determined that the Rheological Instability area, dynamic recrystallization area in manuscript and dynamic recovery area.Fig. 5 show obtained
The corresponding micro-organization chart of different zones in manuscript and manuscript, it may be determined that shadow region, which is processing instability area, in figure (should keep away
Exempt to carry out hot-working in this region), region (1000-1100 DEG C, 0.01-1s in figure included by rectangle wire-1) be dynamic again
Crystal region, other regions are dynamic recovery area.
Step 4：Constitutive equation and manuscript are combined to the hot deformation behavior for carrying out research material：Utilize this structure side of foundation
Journey predicts stress-strain diagram under the conditions of different distortion.Different deformation conditions corresponds to the different location in manuscript,
With different power dissipation efficiency.Two methods of manuscript and constitutive equation can mutually confirm, and more accurately judge different
The microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character of deformation condition.Citing is illustrated below.
Arbitrary selection two different deformation condition (1080 DEG C, 0.03s-1With 930 DEG C, 6s-1) for analyzed.
(1080 DEG C, 0.03s are marked from manuscript-1With 930 DEG C, 6s-1) location is as shown in Figure 6.As can be seen from Figure 3：1080
℃、0.03s-1The power dissipation efficiency that corresponds to of deformation condition be 0.25, be located at dynamic recrystallization area, and 930 DEG C, 6s-1's
The power dissipation efficiency that deformation condition corresponds to is 0.19, is located at dynamic recovery area.The two kinds of modified strips predicted with constitutive equation
Stress-strain diagram under part is as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8.As can be seen that in 1080 DEG C, 0.03s-1Flow stress is bent under deformation condition
Line is in dynamic recrystallization type, therefore two methods of manuscript and constitutive equation judge that material can move under this deformation condition
State recrystallizes.And in 930 DEG C, 6s-1Flow stress plots do not occur apparent dynamic recrystallization peak value under deformation condition, therefore preliminary
Judge that dynamic recovery occurs for material under this deformation condition, mutually confirms with manuscript, can more accurately judge this deformation condition
The dynamic recovery area of respective material.Similarly, the flow stress plots letter under the conditions of random variation can be obtained in this way
Breath and thermal deformation power dissipation efficiency eta value, so that it is determined that the Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character of material.
The present invention by select it is a kind of it is novel the flow stress plots of steel are predicted based on the constitutive model of physics, relatively
It is not only simple and effective in traditional hyperbolic sine constitutive model, also there is certain physical basis.The present invention is also by constitutive model
Prediction result and the analysis result of manuscript carry out comparative study, result of study further confirmed that constitutive model and manuscript
The hot-working behavior with the use of the more efficiently prediction steel of energy of two methods.In conclusion in conjunction with manuscript and this structure side
Journey can comprehensively understand the thermal deformation under certain deformation conditions and dynamic recrystallization information, to give materials hot working process
Important references are provided.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of determination method of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character, which is characterized in that
This approach includes the following steps：
Step 1：High temperature compressed experiment is carried out to steel at different distortion temperature and strain rate, the trus stress-for obtaining steel is really answered
Varied curve data；
Step 2：The constitutive model for establishing prediction C-Mn-Al high strength steel High temperature rheological features, is shown below：
In above formula,It is strain rate (s-1), T is temperature (K), and σ is flow stress (MPa), and D (T) is the self-diffusion of austenite
Coefficient, D (T)=D0exp(Qsd/ (RT)), D0It is diffusion constant, QsdSelf-diffuse activation energy, E (T) describe Young's modulus with
The relationship of temperature；B ', α ' and n ' are material constant；
Dependent variable ε is introduced into constitutive equation the influence for testing steel flow stress, calculates the differently strained amount of series one by one and corresponds to
Such constitutive equation under stress, obtained material constant lnB ', α ' and n ' and the relationship of dependent variable ε are quasi- with 5 order polynomials
It closes；
Fitting result is substituted into model, that is, obtains flow stress prediction model：
Wherein：α′ε=α0+α1ε+α2ε2+α3ε3+α4ε4+α5ε5, n 'ε=N0+N1ε+N2ε2+N3ε3+N4ε4+N5ε5, (lnB ')ε=B '0
+B′1ε+B′2ε2+B′3ε3+B′4ε4+B′5ε5；
Step 3：According to dynamic material model, the criterion for defining power dissipation efficiency factor η and processing unstability is as follows：
Wherein m is the strain hardening and strain-rate sensitivity factor, under same dependent variable, on the two dimensional surface of temperature-strain rate, draws η's
Isogram, i.e. power dissipation figure, then draw the region that parameter ξ is negative, i.e. hot-working unstability figure are to get having arrived the processing of material
Figure；Microscopic structure and manuscript of the steel under the conditions of different distortion is observed to be combined, determine Rheological Instability area in manuscript,
Dynamic recrystallization area and dynamic recovery area；
Step 4：Constitutive model and manuscript are combined to the hot deformation behavior of research material：It is pre- using the constitutive model of foundation
The stress-strain diagram under the conditions of different distortion is surveyed, different deformation conditions corresponds to the different location in manuscript, determines not
With the power dissipation efficiency factor η under deformation condition, to obtain flow stress plots information and the heat under the conditions of random variation
Work rate dissipation efficiency η values, and then determine the Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism and hot-working character of material.
2. a kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism according to claim 1 and hot-working character
Determine method, it is characterised in that：Deformation temperature in the step 1 is 900-1100 DEG C, and the interval section of deformation temperature is 50
DEG C, the strain rate 0.01-30s-1, 0.01,0.1,1,10 and 30s is taken respectively-1。
3. a kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism according to claim 1 and hot-working character
Determine method, it is characterised in that：The value of α ' utilizes formula α '=β '/n ' in step 21It acquires, and n '1With β ' respectively byWithSlope obtain, n ' is acquired according to linear regression1With the value of β '；
According to constitutive model, linear fitGained slope and intercept are respectively intended to calculate
The value of n ' and ln B '.
4. a kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism according to any one of claim 1-3 and heat
The determination method of processing performance, it is characterised in that：The value of dependent variable ε is from 0.05-0.80, interval section 0.05 in step 2.
5. a kind of C-Mn-Al high strength steels Hot Deformation Microstructure evolution mechanism according to any one of claim 1-3 and heat
The determination method of processing performance, it is characterised in that：E (T) in step 2 is calculated according to the following formula：
Wherein, E0And G0Young's modulus and modulus of shearing of the material in 300K are respectively represented, G is shearing of the material at temperature T
Modulus, TMIt is the fusing point of material.
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