CN108585797B - 一种添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108585797B
CN108585797B CN201810468046.4A CN201810468046A CN108585797B CN 108585797 B CN108585797 B CN 108585797B CN 201810468046 A CN201810468046 A CN 201810468046A CN 108585797 B CN108585797 B CN 108585797B
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陈正常
余金红
周亮
张远红
纪凯
赵峰
余西平
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Maanshan Lier Kaiyuan New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法，涉及耐火材料技术领域。该滑板砖的原料及重量百分比为：粒度为0～1mm的镁铬铝砂20％～25％，粒度为1～3mm的镁铬铝砂18％～20％，粒度为3～5mm的镁铬铝砂22％～25％，镁锆砂细粉12％，α‑Al2O3微粉4％～5％，碳化硅细粉1％～3％，金属硅粉2％～5％，炭黑2％～4％，高温增强剂4％，广西白泥2％，氮化硼3％～5％；外加5323酚醛树脂结合剂3％～6％。将上述原料经细粉料混合、粗骨料混合、混料、成型、热处理、出窑拣选等过程得到成品滑板砖。本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖，具有良好的耐高温性能、抗侵蚀性、抗冲刷性和热震稳定性，采用原为冶炼合金工业废渣的镁铬铝砂作为主要原料，大大降低了生产成本。

Description

一种添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖。
背景技术
随着精品钢精炼技术及工艺的发展，转炉挡渣***在钢铁冶炼过程中变得越来越重要，成为冶炼精品钢的关键工序。它是转炉出钢过程中控制下渣装置，能够有效地调节从转炉到钢包的钢渣量，使冶炼操作更容易控制，提高炼钢生产效率，保证精品钢的品质。
转炉挡渣***由油缸驱动装置、机械部分和耐火材料部分(即出钢口、内外挡渣滑板、外水口砖)组成，挡渣滑板在控渣过程中，承受钢水、钢渣的机械冲刷和化学侵蚀。为了控制转炉出钢过程中下渣量，挡渣滑板需要前挡渣和后挡渣，此时挡渣滑板要求具备良好的耐磨性能和高温强度。国内挡渣滑板主要有：铝碳质、铝锆碳和及其镶嵌锆的滑板等；一般选用刚玉、含锆原料，纳米级N330炭黑，以5323酚醛树脂作为结合剂，以上原料成本较高，同时需要1550℃左右烧成，不仅制造成本高，而且环境污染大，能耗大，不适应当前节能环保的方针。因此，本发明通过添加冶炼合金工业废渣(镁铬铝砂)，大幅降低滑板的原料成本，提供一种高性能镁质滑板。
发明内容
为了解决上述存在的问题，本发明提出一种添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖，该滑板砖具有良好的耐高温性能、抗侵蚀性、抗冲刷性和热震稳定性，由于镁铬铝砂为冶炼合金工业废渣，该滑板砖的主要原料选用镁铬铝砂，大大降低了滑板砖的生产成本。
本发明的目的在于提供一种添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖，该滑板砖的原料及重量百分比为：粒度为0～1mm的镁铬铝砂20％～25％，粒度为1～3mm 的镁铬铝砂18％～20％，粒度为3～5mm的镁铬铝砂22％～25％，镁锆砂细粉12％，α-Al2O3微粉4％～5％，碳化硅细粉1％～3％，金属硅粉2％～5％，炭黑2％～4％，高温增强剂4％，广西白泥2％，氮化硼3％～5％；外加5323酚醛树脂结合剂3％～6％。
优选地，所述镁铬铝砂化学成分为：Al2O3的含量为13.15％，CaO的含量为 4.36％，Cr2O3的含量为8.11％，Fe2O3的含量为0.35％，MgO的含量为72.82％，SiO2的含量为0.12％。
优选地，所述镁锆砂细粉化学成分为：CaO的含量为3.31％，Fe2O3的含量为0.37％，MgO的含量为86.82％，SiO2的含量为0.12％，ZrO2的含量为9.35％；所述镁锆砂细粉的粒度为200目。
优选地，所述α-Al2O3微粉化学成分为：Al2O3的含量为99.32％，Na2O的含量为0.07％，SiO2的含量为0.12％；所述α-Al2O3微粉的平均粒径为2μm。
优选地，所述碳化硅细粉化学成分为：SiC的含量为95.15％，CaO的含量为0.31％，Fe2O3的含量为0.17％，所述碳化硅细粉的粒度为325目。
优选地，所述金属硅粉化学成分为：Si的含量为95.15％，CaO的含量为0.31％，Fe2O3的含量为0.17％；所述金属硅粉的粒度为325目。
优选地，所述炭黑的牌号为N330，所述炭黑平均粒径20nm。
优选地，所述高温增强剂的主要成分为硼玻璃粉，所述硼玻璃粉在高温增强剂中的含量为93％；所述高温增强剂的粒度为325目。
优选地，所述广西白泥的粒度为320目；所述氮化硼的粒度为325目。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)细粉料混合：按重量百分比将镁锆砂细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、碳化硅细粉、金属硅粉、炭黑、高温增强剂、广西白泥和氮化硼放入混合均匀制成细粉料；
(2)粗骨料混合：按重量百分比将粒度为0～1mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为1～ 3mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为3～5mm的镁铬铝砂混合制成粗骨料；
(3)混料：将步骤(2)中制备的粗骨料用湿碾机干混2～3分钟，然后按重量百分比缓慢加入5323酚醛树脂结合剂，再加入步骤(1)中制成的细粉料，混合20～30分钟后出料，得到混合料；
(4)成型：将步骤(3)制成的混合料在630t电动螺旋压砖机上压制成型胚砖；
(5)热处理：将步骤(4)得到的胚砖放入窑炉进行烘烤热处理，进窑口时窑内温度为45℃，在此温度下烘烤9～11小时；控制窑内温度升高至110℃，在此温度下烘烤15～17小时；控制窑内温度升高至200℃，在此温度下烘烤时间 16～18小时；得到滑板砖；
(6)出窑拣选：挑选合格滑板砖，然后进行打磨包装。
本发明优点在于：本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖中添加了氮化硼，由于氮化硼具有优良的抗氧化性、抗侵蚀性和润滑性，使得本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖具有良好的抗侵蚀性和抗热震性和自润滑性能；由于镁铬铝砂为铬铁合金的工业铬铁渣，而本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖通过添加了的镁铬铝砂作为颗粒骨料，镁铬铝砂得到有效地回收利用，减轻镁铬铝砂对环境的危害，还降低了生产成本；由于镁铬铝砂的耐火度大于1790℃，具有优良的抗高温性能，其主要物相是镁铬尖晶石、铬刚玉、铝酸钙、复合式镁铝铬高温尖晶石等，其中铬刚玉具有较高的熔点、较低的热膨胀系数，从而提高了滑板砖的抗钢渣侵蚀性能；本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖在制备时生成镁铝尖晶石，由于镁铝尖晶石具有高熔点、低膨胀系数，优良的抗热震性和抗侵蚀性，高温下镁铝尖晶石能够将钢水中的SiO2和 CaO吸附，生成MCS、CA2、CA6等高黏度物质，降低了钢水和钢渣的渗透作用。
具体实施方式
首先，需要说明的是，以下将以示例方式来具体说明本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的特点和优点等，然而所有的描述仅是用来进行说明的，而不应将其理解为对本发明形成任何限制。
为避免重复，先将实施例中涉及的有关原料技术参数或制作方法统一说明，实施例中不再赘述：
所述镁铬铝砂化学成分为：Al2O3的含量为13.15％，CaO的含量为4.36％， Cr2O3的含量为8.11％，Fe2O3的含量为0.35％，MgO的含量为72.82％，SiO2的含量为0.12％。
所述镁锆砂细粉化学成分为：CaO的含量为3.31％，Fe2O3的含量为0.37％， MgO的含量为86.82％，SiO2的含量为0.12％，ZrO2的含量为9.35％；所述镁锆砂细粉的粒度为200目。
所述α-Al2O3微粉化学成分为：Al2O3的含量为99.32％，Na2O的含量为0.07％， SiO2的含量为0.12％；所述α-Al2O3微粉的平均粒径为2μm。
所述碳化硅细粉化学成分为：SiC的含量为95.15％，CaO的含量为0.31％， Fe2O3的含量为0.17％，所述碳化硅细粉的粒度为325目。
所述金属硅粉化学成分为：Si的含量为95.15％，CaO的含量为0.31％，Fe2O3的含量为0.17％；所述金属硅粉的粒度为325目。
所述炭黑的牌号为N330，所述炭黑平均粒径20nm。
所述高温增强剂的主要成分为硼玻璃粉，所述硼玻璃粉在高温增强剂中的含量为93％；所述高温增强剂的粒度为325目。
所述广西白泥的粒度为320目；所述氮化硼的粒度为325目。
下面就通过这个给出的实施例来对本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖进行示例性说明。
实施例1
本实施例所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的原料及重量百分比为：粒度为0～1mm的镁铬铝砂25％，粒度为1～3mm的镁铬铝砂18％，粒度为3～5mm 的镁铬铝砂22，镁锆砂细粉12％，α-Al2O3微粉4％，碳化硅细粉1％，金属硅粉 5％，炭黑4％，高温增强剂4％，广西白泥2％，氮化硼3％；外加5323酚醛树脂结合剂5％。
本实施例所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)细粉料混合：按重量百分比将镁锆砂细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、碳化硅细粉、金属硅粉、炭黑、高温增强剂、广西白泥和氮化硼放入混合均匀制成细粉料；
(2)粗骨料混合：按重量百分比将粒度为0～1mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为1～ 3mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为3～5mm的镁铬铝砂混合制成粗骨料；
(3)混料：将步骤(2)中制备的粗骨料用湿碾机干混2分钟，然后按重量百分比缓慢加入5323酚醛树脂结合剂，再加入步骤(1)中制成的细粉料，混合 25分钟后出料，得到混合料；
(4)成型：将步骤(3)制成的混合料在630t电动螺旋压砖机上压制成型胚砖；
(5)热处理：将步骤(4)得到的胚砖放入窑炉进行烘烤热处理，进窑口时窑内温度为45℃，在此温度下烘烤9小时；控制窑内温度升高至110℃，在此温度下烘烤15小时；控制窑内温度升高至200℃，在此温度下烘烤时间16小时；得到滑板砖；
(6)出窑拣选：挑选合格滑板砖，然后进行打磨包装。
实施例2
本实施例所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的原料及重量百分比如表1所示。本实施例所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)细粉料混合：按重量百分比将镁锆砂细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、碳化硅细粉、金属硅粉、炭黑、高温增强剂、广西白泥和氮化硼放入混合均匀制成细粉料；
(2)粗骨料混合：按重量百分比将粒度为0～1mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为1～ 3mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为3～5mm的镁铬铝砂混合制成粗骨料；
(3)混料：将步骤(2)中制备的粗骨料用湿碾机干混3分钟，然后按重量百分比缓慢加入5323酚醛树脂结合剂，再加入步骤(1)中制成的细粉料，混合 20分钟后出料，得到混合料；
(4)成型：将步骤(3)制成的混合料在630t电动螺旋压砖机上压制成型胚砖；
(5)热处理：将步骤(4)得到的胚砖放入窑炉进行烘烤热处理，进窑口时窑内温度为45℃，在此温度下烘烤10小时；控制窑内温度升高至110℃，在此温度下烘烤16小时；控制窑内温度升高至200℃，在此温度下烘烤时间17小时；得到滑板砖；
(6)出窑拣选：挑选合格滑板砖，然后进行打磨包装。
实施例3
本实施例所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的原料及重量百分比如表1所示。本实施例所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)细粉料混合：按重量百分比将镁锆砂细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、碳化硅细粉、金属硅粉、炭黑、高温增强剂、广西白泥和氮化硼放入混合均匀制成细粉料；
(2)粗骨料混合：按重量百分比将粒度为0～1mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为1～ 3mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为3～5mm的镁铬铝砂混合制成粗骨料；
(3)混料：将步骤(2)中制备的粗骨料用湿碾机干混3分钟，然后按重量百分比缓慢加入5323酚醛树脂结合剂，再加入步骤(1)中制成的细粉料，混合 30分钟后出料，得到混合料；
(4)成型：将步骤(3)制成的混合料在630t电动螺旋压砖机上压制成型胚砖；
(5)热处理：将步骤(4)得到的胚砖放入窑炉进行烘烤热处理，进窑口时窑内温度为45℃，在此温度下烘烤11小时；控制窑内温度升高至110℃，在此温度下烘烤17小时；控制窑内温度升高至200℃，在此温度下烘烤时间18小时；得到滑板砖；
(6)出窑拣选：挑选合格滑板砖，然后进行打磨包装。
实施例4
本实施例所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的原料及重量百分比如表1所示。本实施例所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)细粉料混合：按重量百分比将镁锆砂细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、碳化硅细粉、金属硅粉、炭黑、高温增强剂、广西白泥和氮化硼放入混合均匀制成细粉料；
(2)粗骨料混合：按重量百分比将粒度为0～1mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为1～ 3mm的镁铬铝砂、粒度为3～5mm的镁铬铝砂混合制成粗骨料；
(3)混料：将步骤(2)中制备的粗骨料用湿碾机干混2分钟，然后按重量百分比缓慢加入5323酚醛树脂结合剂，再加入步骤(1)中制成的细粉料，混合 30分钟后出料，得到混合料；
(4)成型：将步骤(3)制成的混合料在630t电动螺旋压砖机上压制成型胚砖；
(5)热处理：将步骤(4)得到的胚砖放入窑炉进行烘烤热处理，进窑口时窑内温度为45℃，在此温度下烘烤9小时；控制窑内温度升高至110℃，在此温度下烘烤17小时；控制窑内温度升高至200℃，在此温度下烘烤时间16小时；得到滑板砖；
(6)出窑拣选：挑选合格滑板砖，然后进行打磨包装。
表1上述各实施例所采用原料的粒度及重量百分比
Figure BDA0001660847750000061
表2上述各实施例所得滑板砖的理化性能及平均使用寿命参数
Figure BDA0001660847750000062
根据表2中显示，各实施例制得的添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的使用寿命为13～14次/套，铸孔总扩径为15.5mm；平均每次侵蚀速率1.19mm/次。通过与现有产品对比测量分析，本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的平均侵蚀速率为≤2mm/次，低于现有铝锆碳质产品的侵蚀速率3.5mm/次；同时，本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的裂纹情况良好，仅存在铸孔放射性微细裂纹，板面光滑，未出现异常拉毛情况或者铸孔异常侵蚀现象。本发明所述添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖更优良的自润滑性能、耐侵蚀性能、抗热震性能和耐高温性能。

Claims (1)

1.一种添加氮化硼的自润滑镁质挡渣滑板砖的制备方法，其特征在于，该滑板砖的原料及重量百分比为：粒度为0～1mm的镁铬铝砂20％～25％，粒度为1～3mm的镁铬铝砂18％～20％，粒度为3～5mm的镁铬铝砂22％～25％，镁锆砂细粉12％，α-Al2O3微粉4％～5％，碳化硅细粉1％～3％，金属硅粉2％～5％，炭黑2％～4％，高温增强剂4％，广西白泥2％，氮化硼3％～5％；外加5323酚醛树脂结合剂3％～6％，制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)细粉料混合：按重量百分比将镁锆砂细粉、α-Al2O3微粉、碳化硅细粉、金属硅粉、炭黑、高温增强剂、广西白泥和氮化硼放入混合均匀制成细粉料；
(2)粗骨料混合：按重量百分比将镁铬铝砂、镁铬铝砂和镁铬铝砂混合制成粗骨料；
(3)混料：将步骤(2)中制备的粗骨料用湿碾机干混2～3分钟，然后按重量百分比缓慢加入5323酚醛树脂结合剂，再加入步骤(1)中制成的细粉料，混合20～30分钟后出料，得到混合料；
(4)成型：将步骤(3)制成的混合料在630t电动螺旋压砖机上压制成型胚砖；
(5)热处理：将步骤(4)得到的胚砖放入窑炉进行烘烤热处理，进窑口时窑内温度为45℃，在此温度下烘烤9～11小时；控制窑内温度升高至110℃，在此温度下烘烤15～17小时；控制窑内温度升高至200℃，在此温度下烘烤时间16～18小时；得到滑板砖；
(6)出窑拣选：挑选合格滑板砖，然后进行打磨包装；
所述镁铬铝砂化学成分为：Al2O3的含量为13.15％，CaO的含量为4.36％，Cr2O3的含量为8.11％，Fe2O3的含量为0.35％，MgO的含量为72.82％，SiO2的含量为0.12％；
所述镁锆砂细粉化学成分为：CaO的含量为3.31％，Fe2O3的含量为0.37％，MgO的含量为86.82％，SiO2的含量为0.12％，ZrO2的含量为9.35％；所述镁锆砂细粉的粒度为200目；
所述α-Al2O3微粉化学成分为：Al2O3的含量为99.32％，Na2O的含量为0.07％，SiO2的含量为0.12％；所述α-Al2O3微粉的平均粒径为2μm；
所述碳化硅细粉化学成分为：SiC的含量为95.15％，CaO的含量为0.31％，Fe2O3的含量为0.17％，所述碳化硅细粉的粒度为325目；
所述金属硅粉化学成分为：Si的含量为95.15％，CaO的含量为0.31％，Fe2O3的含量为0.17％；所述金属硅粉的粒度为325目；
所述炭黑的牌号为N330，所述炭黑平均粒径20nm；
所述高温增强剂的主要成分为硼玻璃粉，所述硼玻璃粉在高温增强剂中的含量为93％；所述高温增强剂的粒度为325目；
所述广西白泥的粒度为320目；所述氮化硼的粒度为325目。
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