CN108585789B - Slurry-applying glazed adobe and glazed ceramic tile production method - Google Patents
Slurry-applying glazed adobe and glazed ceramic tile production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a green brick production method for applying slurry glaze, which comprises the following steps: (1) pressing powder prepared by a dry method into a green brick, wherein the green brick is a green body, the strength of the green body is 3-4 Mpa, slurry glaze is applied to the surface of the green body to form a slurry glaze layer, and the application amount of the slurry glaze is 750-900 g/m2(ii) a (2) Drying the green brick with the slurry glaze layer until the water content is 5-9%, and then performing throwing cutting on the slurry glaze layer by using an abrasive belt, wherein the throwing cutting thickness is 0.05-0.15 mm; (3) polishing the polished and cut green bricks by adopting a soft material; (4) removing polishing waste on the surface of the green brick; (5) obtaining the mud glaze green brick with a smooth surface. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a method for producing glazed ceramic tiles by using the green bricks prepared by the slurry applying green brick production method. The green brick with the slurry glaze layer has a smooth and flat surface after being polished, so that the expressive force of the slurry glaze green brick on the upper decorative glaze of the slurry glaze green brick is improved, and the cost of the high-requirement ceramic tile is further reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tile production, in particular to a slurry applying glaze green brick and a production method of a glazed ceramic tile.
Background
The traditional ceramic raw materials need to be subjected to coarse crushing, intermediate crushing and fine crushing to enable the particle size of the ceramic powder to meet the requirement. The coarse crushing equipment generally adopts a jaw crusher, the medium crushing equipment generally adopts a double-roll crusher or a Raymond mill, and the fine crushing process generally adopts a wet crushing process of a batch ball mill.
The forming method of the ceramic comprises two types of plastic forming and semi-dry pressing forming, and different blank preparation methods are selected according to different forming modes.
Preparing a plastic-method molding blank, namely wet-method mud making and dry-method mud making, wherein the wet-method mud making is to prepare powder material into mud after being crushed and finely ground, dewater, filter press and coarsely refine the powder material, and exhaust the powder material through a vacuum pugging machine to prepare mud; the dry method for preparing the mud does not need to prepare mud, the powder is directly prepared into mud cakes, and then the mud is prepared by exhausting gas through a vacuum pugging machine. The water content of the plastic formed porcelain is 18-26%, the blank is generally required to have higher yield value and ductile deformation, and the plastic forming porcelain is a forming method adopted by daily porcelain. The domestic porcelain adopts a rolling forming method in a plastic forming method, a rolled blank body is provided with a rolling trace, and burrs are arranged at the raised and sunken positions of the eaves gutter of the demoulded blank body, so that the domestic porcelain is subjected to blank trimming to ensure that the subsequent glazing operation can be smoothly carried out.
Preparing a semi-dry pressing blank: the granulation process may be defined as a process in which fine particle powder is agglomerated by an aqueous solution or by adding a binder to form agglomerates, and the particle size is controlled. In the traditional ceramic industry, the ceramic is generally granulated by two different processes, namely a dry process and a wet process. The water content of the semi-dry pressing forming is between 3 percent and 8 percent, which is a forming method adopted by the ceramic wall and floor tiles.
Wet milling, namely spray drying milling: the finely ground slurry enters an atomizer, and the drop-formed slurry is dried and granulated by contacting with hot air flow in a tower to obtain spherical particles with a small hole on the surface. Figure 1a is a cross-sectional view of a spray-dried particle.
Dry milling: crushing and grinding the dry powder, uniformly mixing the powder by a homogenizing device, feeding the powder into a weighing device, adding water into a granulator to humidify and granulate, and finally drying by a fluidized bed to obtain blank particles. The particles obtained by this method are irregular solid particles. Referring to FIG. 1b and FIG. 1c, the sectional views of the dry-process powder particles are shown.
The green brick of glazed ceramic tile is usually made up by using powder material with a certain water content through the processes of press-forming and moulding. The existing preparation method of powder comprises wet powder preparation and dry powder preparation, wherein the wet powder preparation is to prepare slurry by adding water into the slurry, and spray-dry the slurry after ball milling to obtain powder; the dry milling is to grind the raw materials to meet the requirement of particle size and to convey the powder to a granulator for granulation. The wet milling has serious energy and environmental problems, and compared with the wet milling, the dry milling has high speed, low energy consumption and little pollution, and is the key for effectively and economically realizing clean production in the ceramic building industry, thereby having profound influence on industrial development, circular economy and environmental protection. Has the advantages that wet milling is not comparable.
However, as shown in fig. 1, the powder particles (fig. 1a) obtained by wet milling have smooth surface, good fluidity and small friction force between particles, when a certain pressure is applied on the blank, the blank particles start to move towards the stress direction, the gas between the blanks is extruded by extrusion, the blank particles shrink uniformly with the increase of the pressure, compact accumulation is formed, and the surface of the blank body is smooth and flat; the powder particles (figures 1b and c) obtained by dry milling have uneven surfaces and edges and corners, the particles are irregular, the flowability is poor, the friction force among the particles is large, when a certain pressure is applied on a blank, the blank particles start to move towards the stress direction, gas among the blanks is extruded by extrusion, the particles can deform and break along with the increase of the pressure, the blank particles shrink unevenly, fine pits and protrusions are formed on the surface of a blank, the roughness is large, the surface of the blank is not smooth and flat, the blank is influenced after glazing, when the pattern of the glazed tile needs higher definition, better layering sense and needs to be finer, finer and richer expression force, the surface of the glazed tile blank prepared by dry milling cannot meet the subsequent decoration requirement due to uneven surfaces and large roughness.
At present, after green bricks of ceramic tiles are pressed and formed, floating soil, water spot marks and the like on the surfaces of the green bricks are generally wiped off by using wiping heads made of soft materials such as sponge and the like. However, this operation consists only in wiping and does not solve the problem of uneven surface of the green bricks obtained by dry milling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of a slurry-applied glaze green brick, which has the characteristic of smooth and flat green brick surface.
The invention aims to provide a production method of a ceramic tile with a smooth glaze surface, which has the characteristic of smooth and flat glaze surface.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a production method of slurry-applying glaze green bricks comprises the following steps:
(1) pressing the powder prepared by the dry method into a green brick, wherein the green brick is a green brick, the strength of the green brick is 3-4 Mpa, applying slurry glaze on the surface of the green brick to obtain a slurry glaze green brick, and the application amount of the slurry glaze is 665-950 g/m2The specific gravity of the slurry glaze is 1.55-1.85 g/ml, and the slurry glaze is mixed slurry of slurry and glaze;
(2) drying the slurry glaze layer of the slurry glaze adobe until the water content is 5-9%, and then performing throwing cutting on the slurry glaze layer by using an abrasive belt throwing adobe machine, wherein the throwing cutting thickness is 0.05-0.15 mm;
(3) polishing the slurry glaze adobes subjected to polishing and cutting by adopting a soft material;
(4) removing polishing waste on the surface of the slurry glaze brick blank;
(5) obtaining the mud glazed green brick with a smooth surface.
The strength of the green brick is improved to 3-4 Mpa, so that the green brick has higher strength and can bear the throwing and cutting force of the abrasive belt. The slurry glaze layer of the green brick has a smooth and flat surface after being polished, the influence of the green brick on the expressive force of the glaze is reduced, and the cost of the high-requirement ceramic tile is further reduced. Meanwhile, the dry milling method has more application space. The polishing and cutting are carried out after the slurry glaze is applied to the green brick, so that the polishing and cutting thickness is reduced, and the production cost is reduced. The slurry glaze green brick with the water content of 5-9% is convenient to perform throwing cutting, the abrasive belt is easily stuck when the water content is high, a pit is formed again when the convex part is thrown flat or thrown away when the water content is low, and the brick surface is not smooth.
Further, in the step (1), the water content of the green brick during press forming is 5-9%; and (3) directly carrying out slurry glazing operation after the green brick is pressed and formed, or carrying out slurry glazing operation after the green brick is dried until the water content is 1-3%. The green brick with the water content of 5-9% has enough strength for performing throwing cutting, and when the local thickness of the slurry glaze layer is smaller than the throwing cutting thickness, as the hue of the slurry glaze is close to that of the green brick, no obvious color difference exists, the moisture of the green brick and the slurry glaze layer is kept consistent, and a smooth plane is more favorably formed. The green brick with the water content of 1-3% has higher strength, the amount of slurry glaze applied can be increased, and when the green brick is subjected to throwing cutting, the green brick with a smooth surface can be obtained only by throwing cutting the slurry glaze layer.
Further, in the step (2), before polishing and cutting the slurry-glazed green bricks, baking the slurry-glazed green bricks by using a high-temperature lamp; conveying the green bricks to an abrasive belt blank polishing machine through a conveying mechanism, wherein the high-temperature lamps are arranged at two side parts of the conveying mechanism;
the baking time of the green brick is 5-7 min, the baking temperature of the high-temperature lamp is controlled to be 105.3-110.7 ℃, and the distance between the edge of the green brick and the high-temperature lamp is controlled to be 10-12 cm.
And baking the slurry glazed green brick before polishing and cutting to reduce the surface humidity of the slurry glazed green brick, so that water molecules in the slurry glazed green brick can be continuously and uniformly diffused from inside to outside. When the abrasive belt polishes the surface layer of the slurry-glazed green brick with lower humidity, the throwing and cutting waste particles on the surface layer of the slurry-glazed green brick are small, originally raised particles are thrown off, become fine powder along with the polishing and grinding and are filled in the originally concave part, and the surface of the green brick becomes smooth and flat along with the throwing and cutting. The surface smoothness of the polished and cut mud-applying glazed brick blank is better. After the slurry-applied glazed tile blank is subjected to the drying step, the surface flatness is not affected. Under the control of the baking parameters, the moisture diffusion of the surface layer of the slurry applying glazed brick blank is controlled within a reasonable range, the humidity of the surface layer of the slurry applying glazed brick blank can be controlled to be uniform, and the excessive drying and cracking of the slurry applying glazed brick blank can be avoided.
Further, in the step (2), after the baking is finished, the water content of the upper layer 1/3 of the mud glazed green brick is 2-4% in thickness, and the mud glazed green brick has enough small hardness and good dryness, so that small-particle waste materials can be formed, and the waste materials can be embedded into small concave parts on the surface of the mud glazed green brick.
Further, in the step (1), the formula of the green brick comprises 30-45% of bentonite, the maximum pressure for pressing the green brick is 300-320 Mpa, and the strength of the pressed green brick reaches 3-4 Mpa. The bentonite is clay with higher plasticity, and the increase of the addition amount is beneficial to improving the strength of green bricks.
Further, in the step (1), the dry powder preparation process comprises a humidifying granulation water spraying working section, wherein in the humidifying granulation water spraying working section, an organic particle reinforcing agent is added into water, the adding amount is 0.05-0.2%, the maximum pressure of the pressed green brick is 300-320 Mpa, and the strength of the pressed green brick reaches 3-4 Mpa. The addition of the organic reinforcing agent is beneficial to improving the strength of the green brick.
Furthermore, the mesh number of the abrasive belts of the abrasive belt blank polishing machine is 240-600 meshes, so that the surface of the mud-applying glazed brick blank has sufficient flatness and smoothness.
Furthermore, the abrasive belts of the abrasive belt blank polishing machine are three groups, the mesh number of the abrasive belts in the three groups is 240 meshes, 320 meshes and 400 meshes, or the mesh number of the abrasive belts in the three groups is 320 meshes, 400 meshes and 600 meshes, or the mesh number of the abrasive belts in the three groups is 400 meshes, 400 meshes and 600 meshes. And step by step, the green bricks are polished and cut to reach the polishing and cutting thickness by setting three groups of abrasive belts. The arrangement of the abrasive belts can not only ensure that the surface of the green brick of the slurry glaze has better smoothness and flatness and reduce the damage of the green brick, but also achieve the effect of ensuring the good flatness of the surface of the green brick when the polishing and cutting thickness is less than the concave-convex amount of the surface of the green brick of the slurry glaze.
The method for producing the glazed ceramic tile by using the green brick prepared by the slurry-applying green brick production method comprises the following steps of:
(10) drying the slurry-applied glaze adobes;
(20) applying a decorative glaze layer on the surface of the dried slurry-applied glazed brick blank;
(30) and (5) firing in a kiln to obtain the glazed ceramic tile.
Based on the smooth adobe of the surfacing, the glaze of the obtained glazed ceramic tile is smooth and flat, and the glaze pattern has richer expressive force, thereby effectively improving the quality of the ceramic tile.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. after the strength of the tile blank is improved, the slurry-applied glazed tile blank is polished and cut, so that the flatness and smoothness of the surface of the tile blank can be improved, the glaze of the tile has better flatness and smoothness and better decorative effect, the color and pattern expressive force of the glaze of the tile are improved, and the quality of the tile is improved;
2. the slurry-glazed green brick of the invention improves the resolution of the product from the previous 72ppi to more than 360 ppi.
3. The printing effect of the mud-applying glazed brick blank product is improved to over 1200 ten thousand pixels from 240 ten thousand pixels before.
4. The fineness of the product of the invention is consistent with that of a high-definition picture, and the definition of the texture of the product such as stone, wood grain and the like is reflected fully.
5. The invention realizes vivid printing on concave-convex layered products, and enables the decorative effect fall connection between the concave-convex layers of the products to be more natural.
6. The mud glazed green bricks are baked before polishing and cutting, so that the surface humidity of the mud glazed green bricks is reduced, the surface flatness of the polished and cut mud glazed green bricks is better, and the surface flatness of the mud glazed green bricks is not affected after the mud glazed green bricks are dried.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a powder particle, FIG. 1a is a sectional view of a powder particle obtained by wet milling, and FIGS. 1b and 1c are sectional views of a powder particle obtained by dry milling;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mud glazed green brick of the present invention;
wherein, adobe 1 and mud glaze layer 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
A production method of slurry-applying glaze green bricks comprises the following steps:
(1) pressing powder prepared by a dry method into a green brick 1, wherein the green brick 1 is a green brick, the strength of the green brick 1 is 3-4 Mpa, applying slurry glaze on the surface of the green brick 1 to form a slurry glaze layer 2 to obtain a slurry glaze green brick, and the application amount of the slurry glaze is 665-950 g/m2The specific gravity of the slurry glaze is 1.55-1.85 g/ml, and the slurry glaze isIs mixed slurry of slurry and glaze;
(2) drying the slurry glaze layer of the slurry glaze adobe until the water content is 5-9%, and then performing throwing cutting on the slurry glaze layer 2 by using an abrasive belt throwing adobe machine, wherein the throwing cutting thickness is 0.05-0.15 mm;
(3) polishing the slurry glaze adobes subjected to polishing and cutting by adopting a soft material;
(4) removing polishing waste on the surface of the slurry glaze brick blank;
(5) obtaining the mud glazed green brick with a smooth surface.
The strength of the green brick is improved to 3-4 Mpa, so that the green brick has higher strength and can bear the throwing and cutting force of the abrasive belt. The slurry glaze layer of the green brick has a smooth and flat surface after being polished, the influence of the green brick on the expressive force of the glaze is reduced, and the cost of the high-requirement ceramic tile is further reduced. Meanwhile, the dry milling method has more application space. The polishing and cutting are carried out after the slurry glaze is applied to the green brick, so that the polishing and cutting thickness is reduced, and the production cost is reduced. The slurry glaze layer with the water content of 5-9% is convenient to perform throwing cutting, the abrasive belt is easily stuck when the water content is high, a pit is formed again when the convex part is thrown flat or thrown away when the water content is low, and the brick surface is not smooth.
The powder obtained by dry powder preparation has different particle sizes, after green bricks are pressed and formed, the surface concave-convex degree of the green bricks is 0.1-0.5 mm, when slurry glazing is carried out on the green bricks, the concave-convex degree of the surface is still difficult to cover, under the glazing amount, the surface concave-convex degree of the slurry-glazed green bricks is 0.05-0.3 mm, and the throwing and cutting thickness is 0.05-0.15 mm. The reason is that during the throwing and cutting, the abrasive belt continuously grinds the surface of the green brick, the moisture is continuously and uniformly evaporated from inside to outside, the grinding waste material is partially filled into the fine concave part of the surface of the green brick, and then the abrasive belt is used for pressurizing, so that the fine concave part is continuously filled and compacted along with the throwing and cutting. Therefore, when the throwing and cutting thickness is smaller than the concave-convex amount, the surface of the green brick can still reach good flatness and smoothness, thereby improving the throwing and cutting efficiency, reducing the abrasive belt loss and saving the energy consumption. By setting the application amount of the slurry glaze and the polishing and cutting thickness of the slurry glaze layer, the polishing and cutting are carried out under the condition of not completely covering the concave-convex surface of the green brick, the application amount of the slurry glaze and the polishing and cutting thickness are coordinated within a reasonable range, and the production cost is reduced.
The slurry glaze is mixed slurry prepared by adding water into a slurry material and a glaze material, wherein the weight ratio of the glaze material to the slurry material is 87: 13-15: 85, and the slurry glaze in the ratio range has good toughness and dispersibility. The mud is common building ceramic mud used in the prior art, the mud contains 20-40% of plastic material, the glaze is common base glaze for building ceramic in the prior art, the base glaze contains 5-15% of kaolin, the slurry glaze can have good bonding performance with a green brick and also has good bonding performance with a decorative glaze layer, the bonding performance of the decorative glaze layer and the green brick is improved, the hue of the slurry glaze is close to that of the green brick, the color difference value of the slurry glaze and the green brick is small, the slurry glaze has excellent toughness of slurry and stable dispersity of glaze slurry, and the surface is smooth and flat after being polished and cut. The bottom glaze is used alone and then the polishing and cutting are carried out, so that the defect of bottom exposure is easily caused, the subsequent decoration is not facilitated, the polishing and cutting are carried out after the slurry is used alone, the thickness difference of the slurry is obvious due to the unstable glazing effect, and the polishing and cutting operation is not facilitated.
Further, the water content of the green brick in the step (1) is 5-9% during press forming. The green bricks in the water-containing range not only have enough strength, but also are convenient for polishing and cutting, so that the polished and cut brick surfaces are smooth and flat. And (3) directly carrying out slurry glazing operation after the green brick is pressed and formed, or carrying out slurry glazing operation after the green brick is dried until the water content is 1-3%. The green brick with the water content of 5-9% has enough strength for performing throwing cutting, and when the local thickness of the slurry glaze layer is smaller than the throwing cutting thickness, the moisture of the green brick and the slurry glaze layer is kept consistent, so that a smooth plane is formed more favorably. The green brick with the water content of 1-3% has higher strength, the amount of slurry glaze applied can be increased, and when the green brick is subjected to throwing cutting, the green brick with a smooth surface can be obtained only by throwing cutting the slurry glaze layer.
Further, in the step (2), before polishing and cutting the slurry-glazed green bricks, baking the slurry-glazed green bricks by using a high-temperature lamp; the green bricks are conveyed to the lower part of an abrasive belt blank polishing machine through a conveying mechanism, and the high-temperature lamps are arranged at the two side parts of the conveying mechanism. The baking time of the green brick is 5-7 min, the baking temperature of the high-temperature lamp is controlled to be 105.3-110.7 ℃, and the distance between the edge of the green brick and the high-temperature lamp is controlled to be 10-12 cm. Under the baking parameters, the thickness water content of the upper layer 1/3 of the mud glaze adobe reaches 2-4%. And baking the slurry glazed green brick before polishing and cutting to reduce the surface humidity of the slurry glazed green brick. When the abrasive belt polishes the surface layer of the slurry-glazed green brick with lower humidity, the throwing and cutting waste particles on the surface layer of the slurry-glazed green brick are small, and the surface flatness of the slurry-glazed green brick after throwing and cutting is better. After the slurry-applied glazed tile blank is subjected to the drying step, the surface flatness is not affected. Moreover, the smaller waste particles are also beneficial to filling small concave parts on the surface of the mud-applying glazed brick blank, and the baking of the mud-applying glazed brick blank is beneficial to reducing the throwing and cutting energy consumption.
After the slurry glazed green brick is baked, the thickness and the water content of the upper layer 1/3 are 2-4%, and the slurry glazed green brick has enough small hardness and good dryness, so that small granular waste materials can be formed, and the waste materials can be embedded into small concave parts on the surface of the slurry glazed green brick. The thickness of the upper layer 1/3 of the mud glazed green tile is 1/3 of the overall thickness of the mud glazed green tile, and the 1/3 thickness is located on the surface layer of the ground glazed green tile.
The baking temperature of the high-temperature lamp is 105.3-110.7 ℃. The baking temperature can meet the requirement of reducing the surface humidity of the green brick, is favorable for uniform emission of moisture in the green brick, belongs to the lower temperature of a high-temperature baking lamp, and can save energy. The nearest distance between the edge of the green brick and the high-temperature lamp is 10-12 cm, so that the green brick is baked more uniformly, and more uniform diffusion and diffusion of moisture are facilitated.
Further, in the step (1), the formula of the green brick comprises 30-45% of bentonite, the maximum pressure for pressing the green brick is 300-320 Mpa, and the strength of the pressed green brick reaches 3-4 Mpa. The bentonite is Laiyang soil or soft soil in Tang county, and has plasticity index of more than 35 and better plasticity. In the granulation step of dry-method powder preparation, bentonite is used as an outer-layer granule with the fineness of less than 600 meshes, other conventional blank raw materials are used as a central granule with the particle size of at least two times that of the outer-layer granule, the outer-layer granule and the central granule are weighed according to the weight ratio of 3-20: 100, and are sent into a granulator for humidification granulation, and solid powder wrapped by the outer-layer granule is obtained after drying. After the solid powder is pressed into green bricks, the bonding capacity among the solid powder is strong, which is beneficial to improving the strength of the green bricks.
Further, in the step (1), the dry powder preparation process comprises a humidifying granulation water spraying working section, wherein in the humidifying granulation water spraying working section, an organic particle reinforcing agent is added into water, the adding amount is 0.05-0.2%, the maximum pressure of the pressed green brick is 300-320 Mpa, and the strength of the pressed green brick reaches 3-4 Mpa. A specific organic particulate reinforcing agent is polyacrylamide.
Furthermore, the abrasive belt has abrasive paper with the mesh number of 240-600 meshes, so that the surface of the mud-applying glazed brick blank has sufficient flatness and smoothness. When the abrasive belt blank polishing machine is used for polishing and cutting, the linear speed of an abrasive belt is 10-14 m/min, the rotating speed of a belt wheel is 670-1420 r/min, and the frequency of the abrasive belt blank polishing machine is 21-28 Hz. When the green brick is polished and cut, the polishing and cutting thickness is adjusted by adjusting the height of the abrasive belt, the height of the abrasive belt is preset, when the edge of the green brick is contacted with the abrasive belt, the polishing and cutting of the green brick are started, and along with the movement of the green brick, the polishing and cutting are completed when the green brick completely passes through the abrasive belt.
Furthermore, the abrasive belts of the abrasive belt blank polishing machine are three groups, the mesh number of the abrasive belts in the three groups is 240 meshes, 320 meshes and 400 meshes, or the mesh number of the abrasive belts in the three groups is 320 meshes, 400 meshes and 600 meshes, or the mesh number of the abrasive belts in the three groups is 400 meshes, 400 meshes and 600 meshes. And step by step, the green bricks are polished and cut to reach the polishing and cutting thickness by setting three groups of abrasive belts. The arrangement of the abrasive belts can not only ensure that the surface of the green brick of the slurry glaze has better smoothness and flatness and reduce the damage of the green brick, but also achieve the effect of ensuring the good flatness of the surface of the green brick when the polishing and cutting thickness is less than the concave-convex amount of the surface of the green brick of the slurry glaze.
The method for producing the glazed ceramic tile by using the green brick prepared by the slurry-applying green brick production method comprises the following steps of:
(10) drying the slurry-applied glaze adobes;
(20) applying a decorative glaze layer on the surface of the dried slurry-applied glazed brick blank;
(30) and (5) firing in a kiln to obtain the glazed ceramic tile.
And finally applying protective glaze after applying the decorative glaze layer on the surface of the green brick subjected to the slurry glazing.
Based on the smooth adobe of the surfacing, the glaze of the obtained glazed ceramic tile is smooth and flat, and the glaze pattern has richer expressive force, thereby effectively improving the quality of the ceramic tile. The glazed tile of the invention has smooth and flat glaze and is superior to the glazed tile prepared by wet granulation powder.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A production method of slurry-applying glaze green bricks comprises the following steps (1) to (5):
(1) the powder material prepared by the dry method is pressed into a green brick, the green brick is a green brick, and the strength of the green brick is 3 Mpa. The green brick had a water content of 9%. The formulation of the green brick comprises 30% of bentonite, the maximum pressure for pressing the green brick is 320Mpa, and the strength of the pressed green brick reaches 3 Mpa. Applying slurry glaze on the surface of the green brick to form a slurry glaze layer, wherein the application amount of the slurry glaze is 665g/m2The specific gravity of the slurry glaze is 1.55g/ml, and the slurry glaze is mixed slurry of slurry and glaze. The slurry glaze is mixed slurry prepared by adding water into slurry and glaze, wherein the weight ratio of the glaze to the slurry is 87: 13.
(2) Drying the slurry glaze layer of the green brick until the water content is 9%, baking the green brick by using a high-temperature lamp, and then performing polishing and cutting on the green brick subjected to slurry glaze by using an abrasive belt polishing machine, wherein the polishing and cutting thickness is 0.05 mm. Specifically, the slurry applying glaze green bricks are conveyed to the lower part of the abrasive belt through the conveying mechanism, the high-temperature lamp is arranged on the side part of the conveying mechanism, the baking temperature of the high-temperature lamp is 105.3-110.7 ℃, the baking time is 7min, and the nearest distance between the edge of the green bricks and the high-temperature lamp is controlled to be 10-12 cm. After baking, the upper layer 1/3 of the mud glaze green brick has a thickness water content of 4%. The abrasive belts of the abrasive belt blank polishing machine are three groups, and the mesh number of the abrasive belts in the three groups is 240 meshes, 320 meshes and 400 meshes.
(3) Polishing the polished and cut green bricks by adopting a soft material.
(4) And removing polishing waste on the surface of the green brick.
(5) Obtaining the green brick with a smooth surface.
The method for producing the glazed ceramic tile by using the green brick prepared by the slurry-applying green brick production method comprises the following steps of:
(10) drying the slurry-applied glaze adobes;
(20) applying a decorative glaze layer on the surface of the dried green brick;
(30) and (5) firing in a kiln to obtain the glazed ceramic tile.
Example 2
The method for producing a slurry-glazed tile body and the method for producing a glazed tile of the present example are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that:
in the step (1), the strength of the green brick is 4Mpa, the water content of the green brick is 5%, 45% of bentonite is added in the formula of the green brick, the maximum pressure for pressing the green brick is 300Mpa, the strength of the green brick reaches 4Mpa, and the application amount of slurry glaze is 950g/m2. The specific gravity of the slurry glaze is 1.85g/ml, and the weight ratio of the glaze to the pug is 15: 85.
In the step (2), the slurry glaze layer is dried to the water content of 5%, the throwing and cutting thickness is 0.1mm, the baking time is 5min, and after the baking is finished, the water content of the upper layer 1/3 of the slurry glaze green brick is 4% in thickness. The three groups of abrasive belts of the abrasive belt blank polishing machine have the mesh numbers of 320 meshes, 400 meshes and 600 meshes.
Example 3
The method for producing a slurry-glazed tile body and the method for producing a glazed tile of the present example are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that:
in the step (1), the strength of the green brick is 3.5Mpa, the water content of the green brick is 7%, organic particle reinforcing agent is added in the process of humidifying and granulating the powder for preparing the green brick, the adding amount is 0.15%, the maximum pressure for pressing the green brick is 300Mpa, the applying amount of slurry glaze is 810g/m2. The specific gravity of the slurry glaze is 1.75g/ml, and the weight ratio of the glaze to the pug is 64: 36.
In the step (2), the slurry glaze layer is dried to the water content of 7%, the throwing and cutting thickness is 0.15mm, the baking time of a high-temperature lamp is 6min, and after the baking is finished, the water content of the upper layer 1/3 of the slurry glaze green brick is 3%. The mesh number of the three groups of abrasive belts is 400 meshes, 400 meshes and 600 meshes.
Example 4
The method for producing a slurry-glazed tile body and the method for producing a glazed tile of the present example are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that: in the step (1), the green brick strength is 4Mpa, the green brick water content is 1%, the dry powder process comprises a humidifying granulation water spraying working section, when in the humidifying granulation water spraying working section, the organic particle reinforcing agent is added, the adding amount is 0.2%, the maximum pressure for pressing the green brick is 320Mpa, the applying amount of the slurry glaze is 750g/m2. The specific gravity of the slurry glaze is 1.65g/ml, and the weight ratio of the glaze to the pug is 23: 62.
In the step (2), the slurry glaze layer is dried to the water content of 6%, the throwing and cutting thickness is 0.1mm, the baking time is 7min, and after the baking is finished, the water content of the upper layer 1/3 of the slurry glaze green brick is 2% in thickness. The mesh number of the three groups of abrasive belts is 240 meshes, 320 meshes and 400 meshes.
Example 5
The method for producing a slurry-glazed tile body and the method for producing a glazed tile of the present example are substantially the same as those of example 3, except that: in the step (1), the strength of the green brick is 3Mpa, the water content of the green brick is 3%, the dry powder process comprises a humidifying granulation water spraying working section, when in the humidifying granulation water spraying working section, an organic particle reinforcing agent is added, the adding amount is 0.05%, the maximum pressure for pressing the green brick is 310Mpa, the applying amount of slurry glaze is 700g/m2. The specific gravity of the slurry glaze is 1.60g/ml, and the weight ratio of the glaze to the pug is 45: 37.
In the step (2), the slurry glaze layer is dried to the water content of 9%, the baking time of the throwing and cutting thickness of 0.15mm is 5min, and after the baking is finished, the water content of the upper layer 1/3 of the slurry glaze green brick is 4% in thickness. The three groups of abrasive belts of the abrasive belt blank polishing machine have the mesh numbers of 320 meshes, 400 meshes and 600 meshes.
Comparative example 1
The powder material prepared by the conventional dry method is pressed into a green brick, the green brick is glazed after being dried, a decorative layer is arranged by ink-jet printing, and the green brick is fired into a ceramic tile.
Comparative example 2
The powder material prepared by the conventional wet method is pressed into a green brick, the green brick is directly dried, the dried green brick is glazed, a decorative layer is arranged by ink-jet printing, and the green brick is fired into a ceramic tile.
The green bricks prepared in the examples 1 to 5 of the invention and the green bricks prepared in the comparative examples 1 to 2 are subjected to a friction coefficient test on the surface of the green bricks, and are used for representing the roughness of the surface of the green bricks:
1. measurement of coefficient of friction: the ratio of tangential force acting on the object to force in the vertical direction when the object slides or has a sliding tendency by overcoming the action of friction force is specifically referred to GB/T4100-2015 appendix M.
2. Friction coefficient measuring instrument: the test uses a CJ-Y type static friction coefficient tester manufactured by Ningxia mechanical research institute.
| Examples of the present invention | Coefficient of static friction | Surface features | Surface topography |
| Example 1 | 0.33 | Leveling | Is smoother |
| Example 2 | 0.31 | Leveling | Is smoother |
| Example 3 | 0.31 | Leveling | Is smoother |
| Example 4 | 0.32 | Leveling | Is smoother |
| Example 5 | 0.32 | Leveling | Is smoother |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.85 | Unevenness of the surface | Roughness of |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.50 | Leveling | Is not smooth |
The properties and effects of the tiles produced in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were compared with those of the tiles produced in comparative examples 1 to 2 as shown in the following table.
Wherein, the fineness of the decorative pattern refers to the contrast effect of the decorative pattern of the fired ceramic tile and a high-definition picture referred to in ink-jet printing; the energy consumption of the ceramic tile product is compared by taking the ceramic tile product in the comparative example 2 as a reference, and the energy consumption of the ceramic tile product refers to the total energy consumption for making powder and blank.
As can be known from the above table, the ceramic tile glaze decoration effect of embodiment 1 ~ 5 is fine, is superior to the ceramic tile of wet process powder process even, and the product energy consumption is low moreover, further can reduce the cost of product, more is favorable to promoting.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The production method of the slurry-applying glaze green brick is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) pressing the powder prepared by the dry method into a green brick, wherein the green brick is a green brick, the strength of the green brick is 3-4 Mpa, applying slurry glaze on the surface of the green brick to obtain a slurry glaze green brick, and the application amount of the slurry glaze is 665-950 g/m2The specific gravity of the slurry glaze is 1.55-1.85 g/ml, and the slurry glaze is mixed slurry of slurry and glaze; the water content of the green brick during press forming is 5-9%; directly carrying out slurry glazing operation after the green brick is pressed and formed, or carrying out slurry glazing operation after the green brick is dried until the water content is 1-3%;
(2) before polishing and cutting the slurry-glazed green bricks, baking the slurry-glazed green bricks by using a high-temperature lamp;
conveying the green bricks to a sand belt polishing machine through a conveying mechanism, wherein the high-temperature lamps are arranged at two side parts of the conveying mechanism; the baking time of the green bricks is 5-7 min, the baking temperature of the high-temperature lamp is controlled to be 105.3-110.7 ℃, and the distance between the edge of the green bricks and the high-temperature lamp is controlled to be 10-12 cm;
drying the slurry glaze layer of the slurry glaze adobe until the water content is 5-9%, and then performing throwing cutting on the slurry glaze layer by using an abrasive belt throwing adobe machine, wherein the throwing cutting thickness is 0.05-0.15 mm;
(3) polishing the slurry glaze adobes subjected to polishing and cutting by adopting a soft material;
(4) removing polishing waste on the surface of the slurry glaze brick blank;
(5) obtaining the mud glazed green brick with a smooth surface.
2. The method for producing the mud glazed green brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), after the baking is completed, the water content of the upper layer 1/3 of the mud glazed green brick is 2-4% in thickness.
3. The method for producing the mud glazed adobe as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the adobe formulation contains 30-45% of bentonite, the maximum pressure for pressing the adobe is 300-320 Mpa, and the intensity of the pressed adobe reaches 3-4 Mpa.
4. The method for producing the slurry-glazed adobe as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the dry-process powder preparation process comprises a humidifying granulation water spraying section, wherein an organic particle reinforcing agent is added into the water, the adding amount is 0.05-0.2%, the maximum pressure for pressing the adobe is 300-320 Mpa, and the intensity of the pressed adobe reaches 3-4 Mpa.
5. The method for producing mud-glazed green bricks according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the number of the abrasive belts of the abrasive belt polishing machine is 240-600 meshes, the linear speed of the abrasive belt is 10-14 m/min and the rotation speed of the abrasive belt wheel is 670-1420 r/min when the abrasive belt polishing machine performs polishing.
6. The method for producing a glazed tile blank with mortar applied thereon as claimed in claim 5, wherein the sand belts of the sand belt polishing machine have three sets, the mesh number of the sand belts of the three sets is 240 meshes, 320 meshes or 400 meshes, or the mesh number of the sand belts of the three sets is 320 meshes, 400 meshes or 600 meshes, or the mesh number of the sand belts of the three sets is 400 meshes, 400 meshes or 600 meshes.
7. A method for producing a glazed ceramic tile by using a green brick prepared by the method for producing a slurry-glazed green brick according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(10) drying the mud-applying glaze adobes;
(20) applying a decorative glaze layer on the dried slurry-glazed adobe;
(30) and (5) firing in a kiln to obtain the glazed ceramic tile.
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| CN116143495B (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-07-11 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Low-water-absorption glazed tile based on dry powder process and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2003095390A1 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2003-11-20 | Ikuyoshi Kojima | Process for producing firing-denatured tenmoku tile, firing-denatured tenmoku tile and glaze |
| CN101973785A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-02-16 | 西安文理学院 | Ivory ceramic glaze and glazing technology thereof |
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| KR100753893B1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-09-03 | (주)경산세라믹 | White Porcelain Glaze Composition with Good Heat Resistance |
| RU2346900C2 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2009-02-20 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Slip for obtainment of glaze coating |
| CN103102181B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-01-21 | 广东东鹏陶瓷股份有限公司 | Method for preparing flash glazed wall tile |
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| CN105948714B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-01-29 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of imitating natural marble glazed tile |
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| WO2003095390A1 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2003-11-20 | Ikuyoshi Kojima | Process for producing firing-denatured tenmoku tile, firing-denatured tenmoku tile and glaze |
| CN101973785A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-02-16 | 西安文理学院 | Ivory ceramic glaze and glazing technology thereof |
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