CN108579438A - A kind of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108579438A CN108579438A CN201810468645.6A CN201810468645A CN108579438A CN 108579438 A CN108579438 A CN 108579438A CN 201810468645 A CN201810468645 A CN 201810468645A CN 108579438 A CN108579438 A CN 108579438A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membranes and preparation method thereof, and preparation method is:Polymer is mixed with organic solvent, first heat-activated, the rear amphiphilic diblock copolymer that is added continue to stir under nitrogen protection, so that polymer is completely dissolved with amphiphilic diblock copolymer, final standing and defoaming obtains casting solution;Inorganic salts are dissolved in deionized water, coagulating bath is obtained;Casting solution is poured on glass plate, with doctor blade, the glass plate with casting solution is immersed in coagulating bath, is taken out after gelation, obtains a kind of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane;Polymer is the polyvinyl chloride that weight average molecular weight is 50000~120000, and Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane of the present invention has both big flux and strong antifouling property, method of the invention is simple and reliable, it is of low cost, be suitable for large-scale industrial production and prepare.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high performance ultra filtration membrane materials and preparation method thereof, more particularly to a kind of large-flux anti-pollution
Ultrafiltration membrane and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
With the continuous development of China's economy, environmental pollution caused by industrial and agricultural production makes the water resource in many areas
Receive different degrees of pollution.In view of the bad national conditions of current China's source quality, using membrane separation technique as the water purification of core
Technology shows its unique advantage.Wherein, ultrafiltration (Ultrafiltration, UF) technology has been increasingly becoming the following drink
With the developing direction of water depth treatment technology, it is known as the core of " third generation urban drinking water purification technique " and excellent by many scholars
Selecting technology.However, in the extension process of hyperfiltration technique, UF membrane efficiency is to limit its fast-developing key factor always.
First, barrier is detached as a kind of single-stage, membrane material self resistance and separation accuracy are to influence system energy consumption and effluent quality peace
Full key problem.Therefore, under the conditions of not increasing fenestra aperture size, membrane material surface porosity factor and hole density how to be improved
It is the key point that realization system separative efficiency is promoted, specific energy consumption declines.Secondly, fouling membrane is also to develop with hyperfiltration technique
Bottleneck sex chromosome mosaicism, since membrane material main polymer is mostly hydrophobic material, absorption and dirt to water pollutant
Dye object film surface deposition can significantly reduce membrane flux, and then increase system energy consumption.Therefore, membrane material surface hydrophilicity how is promoted
It is generally considered the important method for realizing that film contamination resistance is promoted.
Hydrophilic polymer blending and modifying is most widely used at present, and one of membrane material modified method the simplest.It should
Method prepares ultrafiltration membrane material commonly used in phase separation method, and hydrophilic polymer only need to be dissolved in polymer solution, Bian Ke
Hydrophilic polymer is introduced to membrane material surface by the variation of surface tension in phase separation, to improve its surface porosity factor
And hydrophily.Wherein, since hydrophobic segment contained by amphiphilic diblock copolymer can generate hydrophobic work between main polymer
Firmly, its compatibility with polymer is promoted, therefore it is being valued by people in the potentiality of membrane material modified aspect.So
And since segment polarity difference contained by amphiphilic diblock copolymer is larger, molecular conformation is influenced significantly by solution ion strength,
Therefore coagulation bath condition can substantially change its polarity distribution and reunion behavior in membrane material forming process, and then influence membrane material
Condition of cure.But in current membrane material modified research, cooperateing between amphiphilic diblock copolymer and coagulation bath condition is ground
Study carefully and be rarely reported, constrains its application prospect in membrane modifying field.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of big flux anti-pollution suitable for drinking water treatment
Contaminate Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A kind of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane preparation method, includes the following steps:
(1) polymer is mixed with organic solvent, is first heated to 50-90 DEG C under nitrogen protection and activates 1-2 hours, then
50-80 DEG C, rotating speed be 400-600rpm under conditions of stir 2-4 hours, addition amphiphilic diblock copolymer continue to stir, make to gather
It closes object to be completely dissolved with amphiphilic diblock copolymer, in 30-40 DEG C of standing and defoaming 2-8 hours, obtains casting solution;The polymerization
Object, organic solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer mass ratio are (20-25):(68.8-74):(4.5-7.2);
(2) inorganic salts are dissolved in 15-35 DEG C of deionized water, it is 20-800g/L to make inorganic salt concentration, is solidified
Bath;
(3) casting solution is poured on glass plate, the doctor blade for being 150-220 μm with clearance height, it will
Glass plate with casting solution is immersed in coagulating bath, is taken out after gelation, and a kind of large-flux anti-pollution polyvinyl chloride is obtained
Ultrafiltration membrane;
The polyvinyl chloride that polymer preferable weight-average molecular weight is 50000~120000.
Organic solvent is preferably dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetylamide (DMAC), N-Methyl pyrrolidone
(NMP) and at least one of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (DMSO).
Amphiphilic diblock copolymer repetitive unit is PPO-PEO-PPO or PEO-PPO-PEO;
The block copolymer that repetitive unit is PEO-PPO-PEO is the Pluronic F127 of BASF AG's production,
Pluronic F108, Pluronic F68, Pluronic L121, Pluronic L101, Pluronic L81, Pluronic
At least one of P123, Pluronic P103, Pluronic P105 and Pluronic P85;
The block copolymer that repetitive unit is PPO-PEO-PPO be BASF AG production Pluronic 25R4 and
At least one of Pluronic31R1.
The PPO-PEO-PPO is the abbreviation of poly- (propylene glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly- (propylene glycol);The PEO-PPO-
PEO is the abbreviation of poly- (the propylene glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol) of poly(ethylene glycol)-.
Inorganic salts are sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulphate, sodium phosphate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, chlorine
Change at least one of potassium, potassium carbonate and potassium sulfate.
A kind of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane prepared by the above method.
It is demonstrated experimentally that the large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane large-flux anti-pollution of the present invention, method of the invention
Large-flux anti-pollution ultrafiltration membrane that is simple and reliable, of low cost, being prepared suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that comparative example is compared with gained membrane material pure water flux in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is that comparative example is compared with gained membrane material antifouling property in embodiment.
Specific implementation mode
It is only citing that each embodiment, which selects the amphiphilic diblock copolymer of BASF AG's production, the tool of other enterprise's productions
There is the amphiphilic diblock copolymer of identical repetitive unit or structure to can be used for the present invention.
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane, includes the following steps:
(1) polymer is positioned over organic solvent in reaction kettle and is mixed, be first heated to 50 DEG C of activation 2 under nitrogen protection
Hour, then amphiphilic diblock copolymer is added and continues to stir, makes to gather to be stirred 4 hours under conditions of 400rpm in 50 DEG C, rotating speed
It closes object to be completely dissolved with amphiphilic diblock copolymer, and in 35 DEG C of standing and defoamings 8 hours, obtains casting solution;The polymer has
Solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer mass ratio are 24:68.8:7.2;
(2) a kind of inorganic salts are dissolved in 20 DEG C of deionized water, it is 300g/L to make inorganic salt concentration, is solidified
Bath.
(3) casting solution is poured on glass plate, the doctor blade for being 200 μm with medical scraper gap height, it will
Glass plate with casting solution is immersed in coagulating bath, is taken out after gelation, and a kind of large-flux anti-pollution polyvinyl chloride is obtained
Ultrafiltration membrane.Polymer used in the present embodiment, organic solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer and the specific kind of inorganic salts are shown in Table
1。
Polymer used in the present embodiment, organic solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer and the specific kind of inorganic salts are shown in
Table 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane, includes the following steps:
(1) polymer is positioned over organic solvent in reaction kettle and is mixed, be first heated to 90 DEG C of activation 1 under nitrogen protection
Hour, then in 70 DEG C, rotating speed to be stirred 3 hours under conditions of 450rpm, two kinds of amphiphilic diblock copolymers of addition continue to stir,
So that polymer is completely dissolved with amphiphilic diblock copolymer, in 40 DEG C of deaerations 6 hours, obtains casting solution;It is the polymer, organic
Solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer mass ratio are 22:73.5:4.5;
(2) a kind of inorganic salts are dissolved in 30 DEG C of deionized water, it is 200g/L to make inorganic salt concentration, is solidified
Bath;
(3) casting solution is poured on glass plate, the doctor blade for being 150 μm with medical scraper gap height, it will
Glass plate with casting solution is immersed in coagulating bath, is taken out after gelation, and a kind of large-flux anti-pollution polyvinyl chloride is obtained
Ultrafiltration membrane.Polymer used in the present embodiment, organic solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer and the specific kind of inorganic salts are shown in Table
1。
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane, includes the following steps:
(1) polymer is positioned over organic solvent in reaction kettle and is mixed, be first heated to 60 DEG C of activation 2 under nitrogen protection
Hour, then amphiphilic diblock copolymer is added and continues to stir, makes to gather to be stirred 2 hours under conditions of 500rpm in 80 DEG C, rotating speed
It closes object to be completely dissolved with amphiphilic diblock copolymer, and in 35 DEG C of deaerations 2 hours, obtains casting solution;The polymer, You Jirong
Agent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer mass ratio are 25:70:5;
(2) two kinds of inorganic salts are dissolved in 35 DEG C of deionized water, it is 800g/L to make inorganic salt concentration, is solidified
Bath;
(3) casting solution is poured on glass plate, the doctor blade for being 220 μm with medical scraper gap height, it will
Glass plate with casting solution is immersed in coagulating bath, is taken out after gelation, and a kind of large-flux anti-pollution polyvinyl chloride is obtained
Ultrafiltration membrane.Polymer used in the present embodiment, organic solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer and the specific kind of inorganic salts are shown in Table
1。
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane, includes the following steps:
(1) polymer is positioned over organic solvent in reaction kettle and is mixed, be first heated to 60 DEG C of activation 2 under nitrogen protection
Hour, then in 72 DEG C, rotating speed to be stirred 2 hours under conditions of 600rpm, two kinds of amphiphilic diblock copolymers of addition continue to stir,
So that polymer and amphiphilic diblock copolymer is completely dissolved, in 30 DEG C of deaerations 8 hours, obtains casting solution;It is the polymer, organic
Solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer mass ratio are 20:74:6;
(2) two kinds of inorganic salts are dissolved in 15 DEG C of deionized water, it is 20g/L to make inorganic salt concentration, obtains coagulating bath.
(3) casting solution is poured on glass plate, the doctor blade for being 180 μm with medical scraper gap height, it will
Glass plate with casting solution is immersed in coagulating bath, is taken out after gelation, and a kind of large-flux anti-pollution polyvinyl chloride is obtained
Ultrafiltration membrane.Polymer used in the present embodiment, organic solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer and the specific kind of inorganic salts are shown in Table
1。
Table 1
Comparative example 1
(1) with 1 step of embodiment (1);
(2) ionized water is removed as coagulating bath, and 20 DEG C of maintenance is for future use;
(3) casting solution is poured on glass plate, the doctor blade for being 200 μm with medical scraper gap height, it will
Glass plate with casting solution is immersed in coagulating bath, is taken out after gelation, and 1 film of comparative example is obtained.
Comparative example 2
(1) polymer (PVC, Mw=120000) is positioned over organic solvent (NMP) in reaction kettle and is mixed, first in nitrogen
It is heated to 50 DEG C under protection to activate 2 hours, then so that polymer is dissolved to be stirred 4 hours under conditions of 400rpm in 50 DEG C, rotating speed,
Hydrophilic polyglycol (PEG, Mw=12000) is added, continuing stirring makes hydrophilic polyglycol dissolve, and in 35 DEG C of deaerations 8
Hour, obtain casting solution;The polymer, organic solvent, hydrophilic polyglycol mass ratio are 24:68.8:7.2;
(2) with 1 step of comparative example (2);
(3) with 1 step of comparative example (3) 2 film of comparative example.
Comparative example 3
(1) with 2 step of comparative example (1);
(2) with 1 step of embodiment (2);
(3) with 1 step of embodiment (3) 3 film of comparative example.
Embodiment 9
Ultrafiltration membrane flux and antifouling property evaluation
It is completed using 8200 type ultrafiltration cups of Amicon, device effective filtration area is 28.7cm2.Use Ohaus
Adventurer Pro Balance AV8101 collect permeate and weigh, and use 6.1 software records dependency numbers of Collect
According to.
In ultrafiltration membrane flux evaluation experimental, membrane material pure water flux (J0) computational methods are as shown in formula 1-1, wherein V
For permeate volume, A is effective filtration area, and Δ t is filtration time.
J0=V/A Δs t (1-1)
The ultrafiltration membrane pure water flux of each embodiment and comparative example is shown in Fig. 1.
Ultrafiltration membrane antifouling property is evaluated using multi-cycle filtration experiment, pollutant used is that 20mg/L sodium alginates are water-soluble
Liquid, filter pressure 0.07MPa, ultrafiltration membrane permeate volume is 500 ± 1mL in single filtration cycle, agitating paddle in ultrafiltration cup
Rotating speed is 300rpm.In the invertibity evaluation procedure of Pollution of Ultrafiltration Membrane resistance, stop stirring simultaneously at the end of arbitrary filtration cycle
Ultrafiltration membrane flux (J is measured using deionized waterF), then use deionized water under 400rpm rotating speeds to polluting ultrafiltration membrane surface
It carries out physics and washes away 5min, and reuse deionized water and measure ultrafiltration membrane flux (Jc) at this time, final ultrafiltration membrane flux recovery
As shown in formula 1-2, wherein i indicates circulating filtration number for rate (η), i.e. ultrafiltration membrane antifouling property evaluation method.
Ultrafiltration membrane antifouling property, that is, flux recovery rate of each embodiment and comparative example is shown in Fig. 2.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane preparation method, it is characterized in that including the following steps:
(1) polymer is mixed with organic solvent, is first heated to 50-90 DEG C under nitrogen protection and activates 1-2 hours, then in 50-
80 DEG C, rotating speed be 400-600rpm under conditions of stir 2-4 hours, addition amphiphilic diblock copolymer continue to stir, make polymerization
Object is completely dissolved with amphiphilic diblock copolymer, in 30-40 DEG C of standing and defoaming 2-8 hours, obtains casting solution;The polymer,
Organic solvent, amphiphilic diblock copolymer mass ratio are (20-25):(68.8-74):(4.5-7.2);
(2) inorganic salts are dissolved in 15-35 DEG C of deionized water, it is 20-800g/L to make inorganic salt concentration, obtains coagulating bath;
(3) casting solution is poured on glass plate, the doctor blade for being 150-220 μm with clearance height will carry
The glass plate of casting solution is immersed in coagulating bath, is taken out after gelation, and a kind of large-flux anti-pollution polyvinyl chloride ultrafiltration is obtained
Film;
The polymer is the polyvinyl chloride that weight average molecular weight is 50000~120000.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the organic solvent be dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide
Amine, at least one of N-Methyl pyrrolidone and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the amphiphilic diblock copolymer repetitive unit is PEO-PPO-
PEO or PPO-PEO-PPO, the block copolymer that repetitive unit is PEO-PPO-PEO are the Pluronic of BASF AG's production
F127, Pluronic F108, Pluronic F68, Pluronic L121, Pluronic L101, Pluronic L81,
At least one of Pluronic P123, Pluronic P103, Pluronic P105 and Pluronic P85;Repetitive unit is
The block copolymer of PPO-PEO-PPO is at least one in the Pluronic 25R4 and Pluronic31R1 that BASF AG produces
Kind;
The PPO-PEO-PPO is the abbreviation of poly- (propylene glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly- (propylene glycol);The PEO-PPO-PEO is
The abbreviation of poly- (the propylene glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol) of poly(ethylene glycol)-.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the inorganic salts are sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sulfuric acid
At least one of sodium, sodium phosphate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium carbonate and potassium sulfate.
5. a kind of large-flux anti-pollution Pvc Ultrafiltration Membrane prepared by the method for one of claim 1-4.
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