CN108574845B - Data compression method and device dynamically adopting multiple sampling formats - Google Patents
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- H04N19/186—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a colour or a chrominance component
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Abstract
The invention provides a data compression method and a device which dynamically adopt a plurality of (namely two or more) sampling formats: the data set and each coding and decoding block have K (K > 1) versions respectively having K different sampling formats; when one coding and decoding block is coded and decoded, one of the K versions of the coding and decoding block is selected to be coded and decoded according to the inherent data characteristic of the coding and decoding block.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a coding and decoding system for lossy or lossless compression of data, in particular to a method and a device for coding and decoding image and video data.
Background
As human society enters the era of big data, cloud computing, mobile computing, cloud-mobile computing, ultra-high definition (4K) and ultra-high definition (8K) video image resolution, 4G/5G communication, virtual reality, ultra-high compression ratio and ultra-high quality data compression are indispensable for various data including big data, image data, video data.
A data set is a set of data elements (e.g., bytes, bits, pixels). When a data set (e.g., a file, a frame of image, a video sequence) arranged in a certain shape and having a certain number of elements (i.e., in a certain sampling format) is encoded (and correspondingly decoded), the data set is typically divided into a plurality of subsets of blocks having a predetermined shape and size (i.e., number of elements), referred to as encoding blocks (from a decoding perspective, i.e., decoding blocks, encoding and decoding blocks), and a block is encoded or decoded in units of encoding and decoding blocks. At any one time, the coding block being coded is referred to as the current coding block. At any one time, the decoding block being decoded is referred to as the current decoding block. The current encoded block or current decoded block is collectively referred to as a current encoded block or simply a current block. The data element being encoded or decoded (simply referred to as an element) is referred to as the current encoded data element or the current decoded data element, collectively referred to as the current data element, simply referred to as the current element. The element consists of N components (typically 1. Ltoreq.N.ltoreq.5), so both the dataset and the codec block consist of N components. For example, elements, i.e., pixels, of one frame image are arranged in a rectangular shape, have a size (resolution) of 1920 (width) x 1080 (height), and are composed of 3 components: g (green) component, B (blue) component, R (red) component or Y (luminance) component, U (Cb chrominance) component, V (Cr chrominance) component.
In the prior art, both the data set and the codec block that are the encoding targets have only one fixed sampling format and size. For example, for computer-generated graphics and text-containing images, a sampling format called 4:4:4 is typically used, i.e., 3 components of the data set all have the same sampling rate and size (i.e., number of component samples). For natural images and video captured by a camera, a sampling format called 4:2:0 is typically used, i.e. the sampling rate and size of 2 components (D and E components), respectively, of a data set (e.g. image or video) having a rectangular shape and 3 components is one quarter of the other component (F component). In this case, one D component D [ i ] [ j ] and one E component E [ i ] [ j ] correspond to four (2×2) F components F [2i ] [2j ], F [2i+1] [2j ], F [2i ] [2j+1], F [2i+1] [2j+1]. If the resolution of the F component is 2mx2n, i.e., the F component of the dataset is f= { F [ i ] [ j ]: i=0-2M-1, j=0-2N-1, then the resolution of the D and E components are m×n, respectively, i.e., the D and E components of the dataset are d= { D [ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1} and e= { E [ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1}. Yet another sampling format, known as 4:2:2, is that the sampling rate and size of 2 components (D and E components), respectively, of a data set (e.g., image or video) having a rectangular shape and 3 components is one-half of the other component (F component). In this case, in the horizontal direction of a data set (e.g., image or video), one D component D [ i ] [ j ] and one E component E [ i ] [ j ] correspond to two (2×1) F components F [2i ] [ j ] and F [2i+1] [ j ]. If the resolution of the F component is 2 mxn, i.e., the F component of the dataset is f= { F [ i ] [ j ]: i=0-2M-1, j=0-N-1, then the resolution of the D and E components are m×n, respectively, i.e., the D and E components of the dataset are d= { D [ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1} and e= { E [ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1}. In images and videos in YUV color format, the F, D, E components described above are Y, U, V components, respectively. In images and videos in RGB color format, the F, D, E components described above are G, B, R components, respectively.
Different sampling formats refer to at least one component of the data set and/or the codec block having different sampling rates and sizes (i.e., number of component samples). The different sample rates and sizes are typically converted to each other by either an upsampling operation or a downsampling operation. The upsampling operation is an operation of increasing the number of samples. The downsampling operation is an operation that reduces the number of samples. Thus, different sampling formats, i.e. data sets and/or at least one component of a codec block, have different numbers of samples.
For example, a 4:4:4 sampling format, a 4:2:2 sampling format, and a 4:2:0 sampling format are three different sampling formats.
In the prior art, even in some cases, the data set and the codec block as the encoding objects have multiple sampling formats and sizes, and when encoding the encoding objects with different sampling formats and sizes, the same encoding mode or different encoding modes are adopted, so that the encoding object with a single sampling format and size is always encoded.
For a data set formed by mixing contents with various characteristics, for example, screen content images and videos formed by mixing graphics and characters generated by a computer with natural images and videos shot by a camera and virtual reality images and videos, a single sampling format and size and a single coding mode in nature greatly influence the improvement of data compression efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
To address this problem in compression of datasets made up of a mixture of content of multiple characteristics, the present invention provides a data compression method and apparatus that dynamically employs multiple (i.e., two or more) sampling formats: the data set and each coding and decoding block have K (K > 1) versions respectively having K different sampling formats; when one coding and decoding block is coded and decoded, one of the K versions of the coding and decoding block is selected to be coded and decoded according to the inherent data characteristic of the coding and decoding block.
The first technical feature of the present invention is to dynamically employ a one-to-one codec block of multiple sampling formats (i.e., multiple versions of data having different sampling formats) for codec.
In the present invention, it is preferable to perform the encoding and decoding using one-to-one encoding and decoding blocks of two sampling formats.
In the present invention, preferably, the data set and its elements are composed of 3 components.
In the present invention, preferably, the data set is an image having a rectangular shape.
In the present invention, preferably, the data set is a sequence of images having a rectangular shape.
In the present invention, preferably, the data set is an image composed of 3 components.
In the present invention, the data set is preferably an image sequence consisting of 3 components.
In the present invention, preferably, the data set is a video composed of 3 components.
In the present invention, the data set is preferably an image composed of an R component, a G component, and a B component.
In the present invention, preferably, the data set is a video composed of an R component, a G component, and a B component.
In the present invention, preferably, the data set is an image composed of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, and a V chrominance component.
In the present invention, preferably, the data set is a video composed of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, and a V chrominance component.
In the present invention, the two sampling formats are preferably a 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:0 sampling format.
In the present invention, the two sampling formats are preferably a 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format.
In the present invention, the two sampling formats are preferably a 4:2:0 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format.
In the present invention, preferably, one of the plurality of sampling formats is a main sampling format, and the other sampling formats are sampling formats obtained by performing a downsampling operation on the main sampling format.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the data version of one sampling format generated in the codec is converted into the data version of the other sampling format through the sampling format conversion operation.
In the present invention, preferably, the sampling format conversion operation includes a resampling operation and/or an upsampling operation and/or a downsampling operation.
The most basic characteristic technical feature of the coding method or the device of the invention is to adaptively adopt one of a plurality of preset sampling formats to code the current coding block according to the characteristics of the current coding block, and generate a compressed data code stream containing at least the information of the identification code of the sampling format and other information needed by the corresponding decoding. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the encoding method or apparatus of the present invention. Preferably, a one-to-one encoding block of the two sampling formats is used for encoding. Preferably, the dataset and its elements consist of 3 components. Preferably, the dataset is an image having a rectangular shape. Preferably, the dataset is a sequence of images having a rectangular shape. Preferably, the dataset is an image consisting of 3 components. Preferably, the dataset is a sequence of images consisting of 3 components. Preferably, the dataset is a video consisting of 3 components. Preferably, the dataset is an image consisting of an R component, a G component, a B component. Preferably, the dataset is a video consisting of an R component, a G component, a B component. Preferably, the data set is an image consisting of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, a V chrominance component. Preferably, the data set is a video consisting of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, a V chrominance component. Preferably, the two sampling formats are a 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:0 sampling format. Preferably, the two sampling formats are a 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format. Preferably, the two sampling formats are a 4:2:0 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format. Preferably, one of the plurality of sampling formats is a main sampling format, and the other sampling formats are sampling formats obtained by downsampling the main sampling format. Preferably, the data version of one sampling format generated in the encoding is converted to the data version of the other sampling format by a sampling format conversion operation. Preferably, the sampling format conversion operation comprises a resampling operation and/or an upsampling operation and/or a downsampling operation.
The most basic characteristic technical feature of the decoding method or device is to analyze the compressed data code stream, acquire the information of the sampling format, and adopt one-to-one current decoding block of a plurality of preset sampling formats to decode according to the information of the sampling format. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the decoding method or apparatus of the present invention. Preferably, decoding is performed using a one-to-one decoding block of both sampling formats. Preferably, the dataset and its elements consist of 3 components. Preferably, the dataset is an image having a rectangular shape. Preferably, the dataset is a sequence of images having a rectangular shape. Preferably, the dataset is an image consisting of 3 components. Preferably, the dataset is a sequence of images consisting of 3 components. Preferably, the dataset is a video consisting of 3 components. Preferably, the dataset is an image consisting of an R component, a G component, a B component. Preferably, the dataset is a video consisting of an R component, a G component, a B component. Preferably, the data set is an image consisting of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, a V chrominance component. Preferably, the data set is a video consisting of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, a V chrominance component. Preferably, the two sampling formats are a 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:0 sampling format. Preferably, the two sampling formats are a 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format. Preferably, the two sampling formats are a 4:2:0 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format. Preferably, one of the plurality of sampling formats is a main sampling format, and the other sampling formats are sampling formats obtained by downsampling the main sampling format. Preferably, the data version of one sampling format generated in the decoding is converted to the data version of the other sampling format by the sampling format conversion operation. Preferably, the sampling format conversion operation comprises a resampling operation and/or an upsampling operation and/or a downsampling operation.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coding method or apparatus for compressing data, comprising at least the steps or modules for performing the following functions and operations:
A sampling format among a predetermined plurality of sampling formats is dynamically selected to encode a coded block to produce a compressed data stream containing at least information of the sampling format and its syntax elements.
From a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of encoding data by compression, comprising at least the steps of:
1) Dynamically selecting one of a predetermined plurality of sampling formats, encoding a coded block using the selected sampling format,
2) A compressed data stream is generated containing at least information in a sampling format and syntax elements thereof.
From a second aspect, the present invention provides an encoding device for compressing data, characterized in that it comprises at least the following modules for performing the following functions and operations:
1) Dynamically selecting one of a predetermined plurality of sampling formats, encoding a coded block using the selected sampling format,
2) A compressed data stream is generated containing at least information in a sampling format and syntax elements thereof.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a decoding method or apparatus for compressing data, at least including steps or modules for performing the following functions and operations:
And analyzing the compressed data code stream, acquiring information of a sampling format, and decoding a decoding block by adopting one sampling format among a plurality of preset sampling formats according to the information of the sampling format.
From a third aspect, the present invention provides a decoding method for compressing data, comprising at least the steps of:
1) Parsing the compressed data stream, obtaining at least information in a sampling format,
2) One sampling format among a predetermined plurality of sampling formats is selected according to the information of the sampling formats, and a decoding block is decoded using the selected sampling format.
From a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a decoding device for compressing data, comprising at least the following modules for performing the following functions and operations:
1) Parsing the compressed data stream, obtaining at least information in a sampling format,
2) One sampling format among a predetermined plurality of sampling formats is selected according to the information of the sampling formats, and a decoding block is decoded using the selected sampling format.
The invention is suitable for encoding and decoding the data in a lossy compression way, and is also suitable for encoding and decoding the data in a lossless compression way. The present invention is applicable to encoding and decoding of one-dimensional data such as character string data or byte string data, and is also applicable to encoding and decoding of two-dimensional or more data such as image or video data.
In the present invention, the data includes one or a combination of the following types of data
1) One-dimensional data;
2) Two-dimensional data;
3) Multidimensional data;
4) An image;
5) A sequence of images;
6) Video;
7) Audio frequency;
8) A file;
9) Bytes;
10 A) bits;
11 A) pixel.
In the present invention, in the case where data is an image, a sequence of images, a video, or the like, an encoded block or a decoded block is one encoded region or one decoded region of an image, including the following cases: sub-pictures of a picture, macro-blocks, largest coding units LCU, coding tree units CTU, coding units CU, sub-regions of a CU, prediction units PU, transform units TU.
In the present invention, the sampling format is one of the following sampling formats:
4:4:4 sampling format;
Or alternatively
4:2:2 Sampling format;
Or alternatively
4:2:0 Sampling format.
In the present invention, a predetermined one-to-one codec block of a plurality of codec methods is used for performing codec, the codec methods including:
1) Intra prediction coding and decoding modes;
2) Inter prediction coding and decoding modes;
3) String matching is also known as string prediction or general string matching or general string prediction codec mode;
4) Dictionary codec mode;
5) Palette coding and decoding modes;
6) Intra block matching is also known as intra block prediction or intra block copy codec mode;
7) Block matching is also known as block prediction or block copy codec mode
8) One sub-mode of each of the above modes.
The technical features of the present invention are described above by means of several specific embodiments. Other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the details of the present invention may be modified or changed from various points of view and applications.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the encoding method or apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the decoding method or apparatus of the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
The application is described in detail below with reference to the drawings in conjunction with implementation details or variants. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
Examples or variants 1
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the plurality of sampling formats are one of the following cases:
Two sampling formats;
Or alternatively
Three sampling formats;
Or alternatively
Four sampling formats.
Examples or variants 2
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the data is one of the following types of data:
data consisting of 3 components;
Or alternatively
An image having a rectangular shape;
Or alternatively
A sequence of images having a rectangular shape;
Or alternatively
An image consisting of 3 components;
Or alternatively
An image sequence consisting of 3 components;
Or alternatively
A video consisting of 3 components;
Or alternatively
An image composed of an R component, a G component, and a B component;
Or alternatively
An image sequence consisting of an R component, a G component, and a B component;
Or alternatively
Video composed of R, G, B components;
Or alternatively
An image composed of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, and a V chrominance component;
Or alternatively
An image sequence consisting of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, and a V chrominance component;
Or alternatively
Video composed of Y luminance component, U chrominance component, V chrominance component;
Or alternatively
A codec block of the above kind of data;
Or alternatively
Variants of the above category of data, including variant data subjected to one or a combination of the following operations: predicted residual, transformed transform domain data, differential data through differential operation, quantized data, dequantized data, deblocking filtered data, sample offset compensated data, adaptive correction filtered data.
Examples or variants 3
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the data is an image composed of 3 components, the plurality of sampling formats are two sampling formats, and the two sampling formats are one of the following cases:
A 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:0 sampling format;
Or alternatively
A 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format;
Or alternatively
A 4:2:0 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format.
Examples or variants 4
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, one of the plurality of sampling formats is a main sampling format, and the other sampling formats are sampling formats obtained by downsampling the main sampling format.
Examples or variants 5
In the encoding method or device or the decoding method or device, the data version of one sampling format generated in the encoding and decoding process is converted into the data version of other sampling formats through the sampling format conversion operation.
Implementation or modification 6
The encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus of embodiment 5, wherein the sampling format conversion operation includes resampling and/or upsampling and/or downsampling the data or a component thereof.
Implementation or modification 7
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, the data is a prediction residual, and the sampling format conversion operation is performed on the prediction residual, where the sampling format conversion operation includes the following operations performed on the chrominance component:
Resampling operations
And/or
Upsampling operation
And/or
Downsampling operation
And/or
Downsampling the original prediction residual
And/or
And carrying out up-sampling operation on the reconstructed prediction residual.
Implementation or modification 8
The encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus are as follows:
encoding and decoding using a predetermined one-to-one codec block of a plurality of (two or more) codec schemes;
for a codec block that is encoded using a predetermined number of (one or more) codec modes, encoding and decoding one codec block using one sampling format among a predetermined set of (two or more) sampling formats;
For the codec block that is encoded and decoded using the remaining codec modes, then
Each codec block is encoded using a predetermined one of the sampling formats,
Or alternatively
Encoding and decoding are performed using a predetermined second set (including two or more) of one-to-one codec blocks in the sampling format,
Or alternatively
And encoding and decoding by adopting one encoding and decoding block of the plurality of sampling formats according to other preset rules.
Implementation or modification example 9
The encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus are as follows:
encoding and decoding the encoded and decoded block using at least an intra-prediction encoding and decoding mode;
For a codec block that is encoded using an intra-prediction codec mode, one codec block is encoded using one sampling format among predetermined two sampling formats.
Implementation or modification 10
The encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus are as follows:
the codec block is encoded using at least an intra-prediction codec mode,
In the sequence parameter set or sequence header or picture parameter set or picture header or slice header or CTU header or CU header, there is a sampling format identification code directly or indirectly or a mixture of directly and indirectly, indicating which sampling format or sampling formats a coding block in a sequence or a frame picture or a slice or a CTU or a CU uses in an intra prediction coding mode;
And/or
The codec block is encoded using at least an inter-prediction codec mode,
In the sequence parameter set or sequence header or picture parameter set or picture header or slice header or CTU header or CU header, there is a sampling format identification code directly or indirectly or a mixture of directly and indirectly, indicating which sampling format or sampling formats a coding/decoding block using inter prediction coding/decoding mode in a sequence or a frame picture or a slice or a CTU or a CU adopts;
And/or
The codec block is encoded using at least the string prediction codec mode or one of its sub-modes,
In the sequence parameter set or sequence header or picture parameter set or picture header or slice header or CTU header or CU header, there is a sampling format identification code directly or indirectly or a mixture of directly and indirectly, indicating which sampling format or sampling formats the coding block of a sequence or a frame of picture or a slice or a CTU or a CU uses in the string prediction coding mode or a sub-mode thereof;
The direct sample format identification code consists of one or more bit strings (binary symbol strings) in a compressed data stream. The indirect sample format identification code is a sample format identification code or a predetermined identification code default value derived from other codec parameters and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream. The directly-indirectly-mixed sample format identifier is a sample format identifier that is partially directly (i.e., made up of one or more bit strings in the compressed data stream) and partially indirectly (i.e., derived from other codec parameters and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream or a predetermined default).
Implementation or modification 11
In the encoding method or apparatus or decoding method or apparatus, at least the intra-prediction codec mode is used to encode and decode the encoded and decoded block, and the following italicized parameters or syntax elements are included in the sequence parameter set or sequence header to represent the sampling format used:
Chroma format
If the primary sampling format of the sequence of value representations of the chroma format is a 4:4:4 sampling format or a 4:2:2 sampling format
{
Intra coded sampling format 420 flag intra_chroma_format_420_flag
If the value of the intra-coded sampling format 420 flag is 1, then
{
The codec blocks within the sequence using the intra-prediction codec mode all employ a 4:2:0 sampling format
}
Otherwise
{
Intra-coded sampling format adaptive flag intra_chroma_format_adaptive_flag
If the value of the intra-coded sampling format adaptation flag is 0, then
{
The codec blocks within the sequence using intra-prediction codec mode all employ the main sampling format of the sequence
}
Otherwise
{
The sampling format employed by a codec block within a sequence using an intra-prediction codec mode is specified by the value of an intra-image coding sampling format flag in an image parameter set or image header
}
}
}。
Implementation or modification example 12
In implementing or modifying example 11, the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus has the following italicized parameters or syntax elements in the image parameter set or the image header to represent the sampling format used:
intra-coded sampling format flag
If the value of the intra-image frame coded sampling format flag is 1, then
{
The codec blocks within the image using intra-prediction codec mode all employ a 4:2:0 sampling format
}
Otherwise
{
The codec blocks within the image using intra-prediction codec mode all employ the main sampling format of the sequence
}。
Implementation or modification example 13
In the encoding method or apparatus or decoding method or apparatus, the data is an image or sequence of images having a rectangular shape and 3 components, the plurality of sampling formats are two sampling formats, the two sampling formats are a 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:0 sampling format, and the D component d420= { d420[ i ] [ j ]:0 of the data version of the 4:2:0 sampling format: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1} and the E component e420= { e420[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1}, and converted into D component d444= { D444[ i ] [ j ] of the data version in 4:4:4 sampling format through the down-sampling operation, respectively: i=0 to 2M-1, j=0 to 2N-1} and E component E444= { E444[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to 2M-1, j=0 to 2N-1}:
D444[2i][2j] = D420[i][j]
D444[2i+1][2j] = D420[i][j]
D444[2i][2j+1] = D420[i][j]
D444[2i+1][2j+1] = D420[i][j]
E444[2i][2j] = E420[i][j]
E444[2i+1][2j] = E420[i][j]
E444[2i][2j+1] = E420[i][j]
E444[2i+1][2j+1] = E420[i][j]
Wherein i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1; the D component D444= { D444[ i ] [ j ] of the data version of the 4:4:4 sampling format: i=0 to 2M-1, j=0 to 2N-1} and E component E444= { E444[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to 2M-1, j=0 to 2N-1, respectively, into a data version of the 4:2:0 sampling format by the following downsampling operations d420= { d420[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1} and the E component e420= { e420[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1}:
D420[i][j] = (D444[2i][2j] + D444[2i+1][2j] + D444[2i][2j+1] + D444[2i+1][2j+1] + R) >> 2
E420[i][j] = (E444[2i][2j] + E444[2i+1][2j] + E444[2i][2j+1] + E444[2i+1][2j+1] + R) >> 2
Where i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1, and r is equal to 0 (truncation) or 2 (rounding).
Implementation or modification 14
In the encoding method or apparatus or decoding method or apparatus, there are flag bits indicating that encoding and decoding are allowed to be performed in a plurality of sampling formats at one or several of the following places of the compressed data stream:
1) A sequence parameter set; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the sequence parameter set;
2) An image parameter set; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the picture parameter set;
3) A sequence header; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the sequence header;
4) A tape head; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the slice header;
5) An image head; typically a syntax element of the picture header that is directly present or implicitly derived;
6) CTU header; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the CTU header;
7) A CU header; typically a syntax element of the CU header that is directly present or implicitly derived;
8) Encoding and decoding a block header; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the codec block header.
Implementation or modification 15
In the encoding method or apparatus or decoding method or apparatus, there are flag bits indicating that the use of a codec block in 4:4:4 sampling format is permitted at one or several of the following places of the compressed data code stream:
1) A sequence parameter set; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the sequence parameter set;
2) An image parameter set; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the picture parameter set;
3) A sequence header; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the sequence header;
4) A tape head; typically a directly existing or implicitly derived syntax element of the slice header;
5) An image head; typically a syntax element of the picture header that is directly present or implicitly derived.
Implementation or modification 16
In said encoding method or apparatus or decoding method or apparatus, said predetermined plurality of sampling formats are represented by a plurality of predetermined values, respectively, one sampling format corresponding to a predetermined value k, each of said codec blocks having a sampling format identification code in said compressed data stream that is either direct or indirect or a mixture of direct and indirect,
If the sampling format identification code is equal to k, then
{
Encoding and decoding the encoding and decoding block by adopting a sampling format corresponding to k
}
The direct sample format identification code consists of one or more bit strings (binary symbol strings) in a compressed data stream. The indirect sample format identification code is a sample format identification code or a predetermined identification code default value derived from other codec parameters and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream. The directly-indirectly-mixed sample format identifier is a sample format identifier that is partially directly (i.e., made up of one or more bit strings in the compressed data stream) and partially indirectly (i.e., derived from other codec parameters and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream or a predetermined default).
Examples or variants 17
In the encoding method or apparatus or the decoding method or apparatus, a sampling format identification code syntax element for representing a sampling format of the codec block is present in a compressed data code stream of the codec block in the form of:
a codec block header information syntax element, a sampling format identification code syntax element, a further codec block header information syntax element, a codec block data syntax element;
Or (b)
A codec block header information syntax element, a partial sample format identification code syntax element, a further codec block header information syntax element, a partial codec block data syntax element, another partial sample format identification code syntax element, another partial codec block data syntax element;
When the sampling format identification code takes a value, the coding and decoding block is coded and decoded by adopting the sampling format corresponding to the value.
Claims (17)
1. A method of encoding data for compression, comprising at least the steps of:
1) Dynamically selecting one of a predetermined plurality of sampling formats, encoding a coded block using the selected sampling format,
2) Generating a compressed data code stream containing at least information in a sampling format and syntax elements thereof;
one of the specific practices of the step 1) is as follows:
Encoding using a predetermined one-to-one encoding block of two or more encoding modes;
for a coding block coded by using a preset plurality of coding modes, adopting a preset group of sampling formats comprising two or more sampling formats to code one coding block;
For the coding blocks coded by the other coding modes, then
Each encoded block is encoded using a predetermined one of the sampling formats,
Or alternatively
Encoding with a predetermined second set of one-to-one encoded blocks comprising two or more sampling formats,
Or alternatively
Encoding by using a one-to-one encoding block of the plurality of sampling formats according to a predetermined other rule;
The step 1) further comprises:
Encoding the encoded block using at least an intra-prediction encoding mode, there being the following sample format identification codes, either directly or indirectly or a mixture of directly and indirectly, in the sequence parameter set or sequence header, to represent the sample format employed:
there is a sample format identification code noted as chroma format,
If the primary sampling format of the chroma format-identification-code-representation sequence is a 4:4:4 sampling format or a 4:2:2 sampling format
{
There is a sample format identification code denoted as intra-coded sample format 420,
If the intra-coded sampling format 420 identification code represents a sampling format that is a 4:2:0 sampling format
{
The coded blocks within the sequence using the intra prediction coding mode all employ a 4:2:0 sampling format
}
Otherwise
{
There is a sample format identification code noted as intra-coded sample format adaptation,
If the intra-coded sample format adaptation flag indicates that the sample format is not adaptive, then
{
The coded blocks within the sequence using intra-prediction coding modes all adopt the main sampling format of the sequence
}
Otherwise
{
The sampling format employed by the coding blocks within the sequence using intra prediction coding modes is specified by a picture parameter set or picture header or slice header or CTU header or picture or slice in CU header or CTU or CU intra coding sampling format identification code
}
}
}。
2. An encoding device for compressing data, comprising a module for implementing the encoding method of claim 1.
3. A decoding method for compressing data, comprising at least the steps of:
1) Parsing the compressed data stream, obtaining at least information in a sampling format,
2) Selecting one sampling format among a predetermined plurality of sampling formats according to the information of the sampling formats, and decoding a decoding block using the selected sampling format;
one of the specific practices of the step 2) is as follows:
Decoding using a predetermined one-to-one decoding block of two or more decoding modes;
For a decoding block decoded by using a predetermined plurality of decoding modes, decoding one decoding block by adopting a predetermined set of sampling formats including one sampling format among two or more sampling formats;
For the decoding block decoded by the rest of the decoding methods, then
Each decoding block is decoded using a predetermined one of the sampling formats,
Or alternatively
Decoding is performed using a predetermined second set of one-to-one decoding blocks containing two or more sampling formats,
Or alternatively
Decoding by adopting a one-to-one decoding block of the plurality of sampling formats according to a preset other rule;
The step 2) further comprises:
Decoding the decoded block using at least an intra-prediction decoding mode, there are the following sample format identification codes, either directly or indirectly or a mixture of directly and indirectly, in the sequence parameter set or sequence header, to represent the sample format employed:
there is a sample format identification code noted as chroma format,
If the primary sampling format of the chroma format-identification-code-representation sequence is a 4:4:4 sampling format or a 4:2:2 sampling format
{
There is a sample format identification code denoted as intra-coded sample format 420,
If the intra-coded sampling format 420 identification code represents a sampling format that is a 4:2:0 sampling format
{
The decoded blocks within the sequence using the intra prediction decoding mode all employ a 4:2:0 sampling format
}
Otherwise
{
There is a sample format identification code noted as intra-coded sample format adaptation,
If the intra-coded sample format adaptation flag indicates that the sample format is not adaptive, then
{
The decoded blocks within the sequence using intra-prediction decoding mode all adopt the main sampling format of the sequence
}
Otherwise
{
The sampling format employed by a decoding block within a sequence using an intra-prediction decoding mode is specified by a picture parameter set or picture header or slice header or CTU header or picture or slice in a CTU header or CU header or CTU or CU intra-coding sampling format identification code
}
}
}。
4. A decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the data is an image or sequence of images or video consisting of 3 components; decoding a one-to-one decoded block using a predetermined plurality of decoding schemes, the decoding schemes comprising:
intra prediction decoding mode;
inter prediction decoding mode;
string matching is also known as string prediction or general string matching or general string prediction decoding mode;
Dictionary decoding mode;
Palette decoding mode;
Intra block matching is also known as intra block prediction or intra block copy decoding mode;
block matching is also known as block prediction or block copy decoding mode
One sub-mode of each of the above modes.
5. A decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that the plurality of sampling formats is one of the following:
Two sampling formats;
Or alternatively
Three sampling formats;
Or alternatively
Four sampling formats.
6. A decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that the data is one of the following types of data:
data consisting of 3 components;
Or alternatively
An image having a rectangular shape;
Or alternatively
A sequence of images having a rectangular shape;
Or alternatively
An image consisting of 3 components;
Or alternatively
An image sequence consisting of 3 components;
Or alternatively
A video consisting of 3 components;
Or alternatively
An image composed of an R component, a G component, and a B component;
Or alternatively
An image sequence consisting of an R component, a G component, and a B component;
Or alternatively
Video composed of R, G, B components;
Or alternatively
An image composed of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, and a V chrominance component;
Or alternatively
An image sequence consisting of a Y luminance component, a U chrominance component, and a V chrominance component;
Or alternatively
Video composed of Y luminance component, U chrominance component, V chrominance component;
Or alternatively
A decoding block of the above kind of data;
Or alternatively
The passing of the above kind of data includes data of one or a combination of the following operations: predicted residual, transformed transform domain data, differential data through differential operation, quantized data, dequantized data, deblocking filtered data, sample offset compensated data, adaptive correction filtered data.
7. A decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that the data is an image consisting of 3 components, the plurality of sampling formats being two sampling formats, the two sampling formats being one of the following:
A 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:0 sampling format;
Or alternatively
A 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format;
Or alternatively
A 4:2:0 sampling format and a 4:2:2 sampling format.
8. A decoding method according to claim 3, wherein one of the plurality of sampling formats is a main sampling format, and the other sampling formats are sampling formats obtained by downsampling the main sampling format.
9. A decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that the data version of one sampling format generated in the decoding is converted into the data version of the other sampling format by a sampling format conversion operation.
10. Decoding method according to claim 9, characterized in that the sampling format conversion operation comprises resampling and/or upsampling and/or downsampling of the data or components thereof.
11. A decoding method according to claim 3, wherein the data is a prediction residual, and the prediction residual is subjected to a sampling format conversion operation, the sampling format conversion operation comprising the following operations for the chrominance components:
Resampling operations
And/or
Upsampling operation
And/or
Downsampling operation
And/or
Downsampling the original prediction residual
And/or
And carrying out up-sampling operation on the reconstructed prediction residual.
12. A decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
Decoding the decoded block using at least an intra-prediction decoding mode;
for a decoding block decoded using an intra prediction decoding mode, one decoding block is decoded using one sampling format among predetermined two sampling formats.
13. A decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
The decoded block is decoded using at least an intra prediction decoding mode,
In the sequence parameter set or sequence header or picture parameter set or picture header or slice header or CTU header or CU header, there is a sampling format identification code directly or indirectly or a mixture of directly and indirectly, indicating which sampling format or sampling formats a decoding block in a sequence or a frame picture or a slice or a CTU or a CU uses in an intra prediction decoding mode;
And
The decoded block is decoded using at least an inter prediction decoding mode,
In the sequence parameter set or sequence header or picture parameter set or picture header or slice header or CTU header or CU header, there is a sampling format identification code directly or indirectly or a mixture of directly and indirectly, indicating which sampling format or sampling formats a decoding block in a sequence or a frame picture or a slice or a CTU or a CU uses in inter prediction decoding mode;
And/or
Decoding the decoded block using at least the string prediction decoding mode or one of its sub-modes,
In the sequence parameter set or sequence header or picture parameter set or picture header or stripe header or CTU header or CU header, there is a sampling format identification code directly or indirectly or a mixture of directly and indirectly, indicating which sampling format or sampling formats the decoding block in a sequence or a frame of picture or a stripe or a CTU or a CU uses in the string prediction decoding mode or a sub-mode thereof;
The direct sample format identification code consists of one or more bit strings, i.e. binary symbol strings, in the compressed data stream, the indirect sample format identification code being a sample format identification code derived from other decoding parameters and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream or a predetermined identification code default value, the direct indirect mixed sample format identification code being a partial direct partial indirect mixed sample format identification code.
14. A decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that an intra-image coded sample format identification code is present in the image parameter set or image header, representing the sample format employed:
If the intra-image frame coded sample format identification code representation sample format is a 4:2:0 sample format
{
The decoded blocks within the image using intra prediction decoding mode all take a 4:2:0 sampling format
}
Otherwise
{
The decoded blocks within an image using intra-prediction decoding mode all adopt the main sampling format of the sequence
}。
15. A decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that the data is an image or sequence of images having a rectangular shape and 3 components, the plurality of sampling formats are two sampling formats, the two sampling formats being a 4:4:4 sampling format and a 4:2:0 sampling format, the D component d420= { D420[ i ] [ j ]:0 sampling format of the data version of the 4:2:0 sampling format: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1} and the E component e420= { e420[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1}, and converted into D component d444= { D444[ i ] [ j ] of the data version in 4:4:4 sampling format through the down-sampling operation, respectively: i=0 to 2M-1, j=0 to 2N-1} and E component E444= { E444[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to 2M-1, j=0 to 2N-1}:
D444[2i][2j] = D420[i][j]
D444[2i+1][2j] = D420[i][j]
D444[2i][2j+1] = D420[i][j]
D444[2i+1][2j+1] = D420[i][j]
E444[2i][2j] = E420[i][j]
E444[2i+1][2j] = E420[i][j]
E444[2i][2j+1] = E420[i][j]
E444[2i+1][2j+1] = E420[i][j]
Wherein i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1; the D component D444= { D444[ i ] [ j ] of the data version of the 4:4:4 sampling format: i=0 to 2M-1, j=0 to 2N-1} and E component E444= { E444[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to 2M-1, j=0 to 2N-1, respectively, into a data version of the 4:2:0 sampling format by the following downsampling operations d420= { d420[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1} and the E component e420= { e420[ i ] [ j ]: i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1}:
D420[i][j] = (D444[2i][2j] + D444[2i+1][2j] + D444[2i][2j+1] + D444[2i+1][2j+1] + R) >> 2
E420[i][j] = (E444[2i][2j] + E444[2i+1][2j] + E444[2i][2j+1] + E444[2i+1][2j+1] + R) >> 2
Wherein i=0 to M-1, j=0 to N-1, r is equal to 0 or 2, corresponding to the tailed or rounded method, respectively.
16. The decoding method of claim 3 wherein said predetermined plurality of sampling formats are represented by a plurality of predetermined values, respectively, one sampling format corresponding to a predetermined value k, each of said decoding blocks having a sampling format identification code in said compressed data stream that is either direct or indirect or a direct-indirect mixture,
If the sampling format identification code is equal to k, then
{
Decoding the decoded block using a sampling format corresponding to k
}
The direct sample format identification code consists of one or more bit strings, i.e. binary symbol strings, in the compressed data stream, the indirect sample format identification code being a sample format identification code derived from other decoding parameters and/or other syntax elements of the compressed data stream or a predetermined identification code default value, the direct indirect mixed sample format identification code being a partial direct partial indirect mixed sample format identification code.
17. A decoding device for compressing data, comprising means for implementing the decoding method according to any one of claims 3-16.
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