CN108571928A - A kind of intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects detection method based on machine vision - Google Patents
A kind of intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects detection method based on machine vision Download PDFInfo
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- CN108571928A CN108571928A CN201810330740.XA CN201810330740A CN108571928A CN 108571928 A CN108571928 A CN 108571928A CN 201810330740 A CN201810330740 A CN 201810330740A CN 108571928 A CN108571928 A CN 108571928A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
- G06T7/0006—Industrial image inspection using a design-rule based approach
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/11—Region-based segmentation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/13—Edge detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/136—Segmentation; Edge detection involving thresholding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/155—Segmentation; Edge detection involving morphological operators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/187—Segmentation; Edge detection involving region growing; involving region merging; involving connected component labelling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/80—Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20112—Image segmentation details
- G06T2207/20164—Salient point detection; Corner detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
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Abstract
The intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects detection method based on machine vision that the invention discloses a kind of belonging to intermediate plate anchorage automatic measurement technique field, includes the following steps:Camera calibration;Image Acquisition;Image preprocessing;The extraction of ROI image;Corner Detection;Dimensional measurement;Qualification determination.The present invention can accurately detect the actual physical size of intermediate plate anchorage, improve intermediate plate anchorage automatic detection level, efficiently solve the problems, such as that current artificial detection speed is slow, efficiency is low, of high cost, to realize that intelligence production, intelligence manufacture are laid a good foundation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to intermediate plate anchorage automatic measurement technique field more particularly to a kind of intermediate plate anchorages based on machine vision
Dimensional defects detection method.
Background technology
With the development of prestressed anchor technology, intermediate plate anchorage (abbreviation intermediate plate) proportion in prestressed anchor engineering
It is increasing, it is widely used in the construction of different types of rridges road construction, intermediate plate anchorage is the important base of prestress anchorage system
One of plinth part, the quality of size directly affect the safety of prestressing force structures, and city is flowed into if there is the workpiece of dimensional defects
, it may cause building that safety accident occurs when serious, greatly destroy social safety and people's property, it is same to give production enterprise
Industry brings great economic loss and liability exposure.
Therefore, link is very important to the detection of intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects.The detection used on production line at present
Method is artificial detection, and deficiency is:Detection speed is slow, it is less efficient, of high cost, be easy to cause human error detection.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, problem solved by the invention is how to solve that artificial detection speed is slow, is easy to make
The problem of at human error.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a kind of intermediate plate anchorage ruler based on machine vision
Very little defect inspection method, includes the following steps:
(1) camera calibration measures the practical ruler of horizontal direction using the intermediate plate anchorage object of benchmark as calibrated reference
Very little DxWith corresponding pixel number NxBetween ratio Kx, measure the actual size D of vertical directionyWith corresponding pixel
Number NyBetween ratio Ky, the correspondence of world coordinates and pixel coordinate is:
Wherein (i, j) is pixel coordinate, and (x, y) is the corresponding world coordinates of pixel coordinate;
(2) Image Acquisition acquires intermediate plate anchorage image under red bowl lamp source;
(3) image preprocessing, collected intermediate plate anchorage image carry out gradation conversion, filtering removal noise, enhancing image
Contrast;
(4) extraction of ROI image, to intermediate plate anchorage image binaryzation, Connected area disposal$ and closed operation obtain bianry image,
ROI region extraction is carried out to bianry image again;
(5) Corner Detection is as follows with Harris Corner Detection ROI region images:
A) gradient of image pixel in the x and y direction, and the product of the two are calculated, matrix M is obtained:
Wherein I (x, y) gray value, IxFor the gradient in the directions x of image I;IyFor the gradient in the directions y;
B) gaussian filtering is carried out to image, obtains new matrix M:
Wherein G is Gaussian template;
C) value for the angle point receptance function CRF that each pixel is corresponded on original image is calculated:
CRF (x, y)=det (M)-K (trace (M))2
Wherein, the determinant of det (M) representing matrixes M, the mark of trace (M) representing matrix, K are generally taken as 0.04;
D) Local Extremum is chosen;
E) given threshold chooses angle point, obtains angle point collection:corner(x,y);
(6) dimensional measurement, diagonal point set corner (x, y) carry out camera calibration, and the angle point of object will be detected in ROI image
The vertical range of air line distance or angle point to another two angle points line between position coordinates is converted into corresponding true geometric size,
Full-size(d) calculation formula is as follows between two angle points:
Wherein A (m1,n1) and B (m2,n2) be image in arbitrary two angle point pixel coordinate, Δx=Kx(m2-m1)、Δy=
Ky(n2-n1)、ΔABActual distance respectively between the horizontal component, vertical component and AB of actual distance;
(7) qualification determination, the differentiation of qualified products is carried out using the method for the upper lower deviation of setting, and discrimination formula is as follows:
Wherein, i={ 1,2,3,4,5 } respectively represents the basic parameter type of intermediate plate anchorage size, ftiIt is test intermediate plate anchor
The a certain size parameter values of tool, fsiFor corresponding standard parameter optimal value, TiIt is to differentiate that the upper lower deviation allowed, the value decide
To the containing degree of intermediate plate anchorage size, g (fti) be feature decision result function, when functional value be equal to 1 when, differentiate intermediate plate anchor
It is qualification to have the dimensional parameters, otherwise sentences that its is unqualified, is all qualification and if only if all dimensional parameters of intermediate plate anchorage, just sentences
Its other size qualification.
There is technical scheme of the present invention higher Detection accuracy and robustness, the accuracy rate of defects detection can reach
96%;Intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects detection method based on machine vision, intermediate plate anchorage is introduced by machine vision metrology technology
Dimensional measurement, testing process do not influenced by factors such as the experience of operating personnel, survey tool, fatigue strengths, ensure that survey
The precision of amount, detection speed is fast, speed can reach 0.2 second every, be effectively improved intermediate plate anchorage work piece production automation
The quality of degree and product.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention flow chart.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but is not to this hair
Bright restriction.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects detection method based on machine vision, includes the following steps:
(1) camera calibration need to carry out camera calibration, the picture of intermediate plate anchorage image after the completion of image capturing system debugging
Plain size conversion is mm size;Camera calibration in this method is demarcated using Pixel Dimensions;
Using the intermediate plate anchorage object of benchmark as calibrated reference, the actual size D of horizontal direction is measuredxWith it is corresponding
Pixel number NxBetween ratio Kx, measure the actual size D of vertical directionyWith corresponding pixel number NyBetween ratio
Example Ky, the correspondence of world coordinates and pixel coordinate is:
Wherein (i, j) is pixel coordinate, and (x, y) is the corresponding world coordinates of pixel coordinate;
(2) Image Acquisition, CCD industrial cameras acquire intermediate plate anchorage image under red bowl lamp source;
(3) image preprocessing, collected intermediate plate anchorage image carry out gradation conversion, filtering removal noise, enhancing image
Contrast;
(4) extraction of ROI image, to intermediate plate anchorage image binaryzation, Connected area disposal$ and closed operation obtain bianry image,
ROI region extraction is carried out to bianry image again;
(5) Corner Detection is as follows with Harris Corner Detection ROI region images:
A) gradient of image pixel in the x and y direction, and the product of the two are calculated, matrix M is obtained:
Wherein I (x, y) gray value, IxFor the gradient in the directions x of image I;IyFor the gradient in the directions y;
B) gaussian filtering is carried out to image, obtains new matrix M:
Wherein G is Gaussian template;
C) value for the angle point receptance function CRF that each pixel is corresponded on original image is calculated:
CRF (x, y)=det (M)-K (trace (M))2
Wherein, the determinant of det (M) representing matrixes M, the mark of trace (M) representing matrix, K are generally taken as 0.04;
D) Local Extremum is chosen;
E) given threshold chooses angle point, obtains angle point collection:corner(x,y);
(6) dimensional measurement, diagonal point set corner (x, y) carry out camera calibration, and the angle point of object will be detected in ROI image
The vertical range of air line distance or angle point to another two angle points line between position coordinates is converted into corresponding true geometric size,
Full-size(d) calculation formula is as follows between two angle points:
Wherein A (m1,n1) and B (m2,n2) be image in arbitrary two angle point pixel coordinate, Δx=Kx(m2-m1)、Δy=
Ky(n2-n1)、ΔABActual distance respectively between the horizontal component, vertical component and AB of actual distance;
(7) qualification determination, the differentiation of qualified products is carried out using the method for the upper lower deviation of setting, and discrimination formula is as follows:
Wherein, i={ 1,2,3,4,5 } respectively represents the basic parameter type of intermediate plate anchorage size, ftiIt is test intermediate plate anchor
The a certain size parameter values of tool, fsiFor corresponding standard parameter optimal value, TiIt is to differentiate that the upper lower deviation allowed, the value decide
To the containing degree of intermediate plate anchorage size, g (fti) be feature decision result function, when functional value be equal to 1 when, differentiate intermediate plate anchor
It is qualification to have the dimensional parameters, otherwise sentences that its is unqualified, is all qualification and if only if all dimensional parameters of intermediate plate anchorage, just sentences
Its other size qualification.Detailed description is made that embodiments of the present invention above in association with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to institute
The embodiment of description.To those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, to this
A little embodiments carry out various change, modification, replacement and modification and still fall in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects detection method based on machine vision, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:
(1) camera calibration measures the actual size D of horizontal direction using the intermediate plate anchorage object of benchmark as calibrated referencex
With corresponding pixel number NxBetween ratio Kx, measure the actual size D of vertical directionyWith corresponding pixel number Ny
Between ratio Ky, the correspondence of world coordinates and pixel coordinate is:
Wherein (i, j) is pixel coordinate, and (x, y) is the corresponding world coordinates of pixel coordinate;
(2) Image Acquisition acquires intermediate plate anchorage image under red bowl lamp source;
(3) image preprocessing, collected intermediate plate anchorage image carry out gradation conversion, filtering removal noise, enhancing image comparison
Degree;
(4) extraction of ROI image obtains bianry image, right again to intermediate plate anchorage image binaryzation, Connected area disposal$ and closed operation
Bianry image carries out ROI region extraction;
(5) Corner Detection, with Harris Corner Detection ROI region images;
(6) dimensional measurement, diagonal point set corner (x, y) carry out camera calibration, and the corner location of object will be detected in ROI image
The vertical range of air line distance or angle point to another two angle points line between coordinate is converted into corresponding true geometric size;
(7) qualification determination carries out the differentiation of qualified products using the method for the upper lower deviation of setting.
2. the intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects detection method according to claim 1 based on machine vision, it is characterised in that:Step
Suddenly in (5), the Harris Corner Detections are as follows:
A) gradient of image pixel in the x and y direction, and the product of the two are calculated, matrix M is obtained:
Wherein I (x, y) gray value, IxFor the gradient in the directions x of image I;IyFor the gradient in the directions y;
B) gaussian filtering is carried out to image, obtains new matrix M:
Wherein G is Gaussian template;
C) value for the angle point receptance function CRF that each pixel is corresponded on original image is calculated:
CRF (x, y)=det (M)-K (trace (M))2
Wherein, the determinant of det (M) representing matrixes M, the mark of trace (M) representing matrix, K are generally taken as 0.04;
D) Local Extremum is chosen;
E) given threshold chooses angle point, obtains angle point collection:corner(x,y).
3. the intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects detection method according to claim 1 or 2 based on machine vision, feature exist
In:In step (6), full-size(d) between two angle points, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein A (m1,n1) and B (m2,n2) be image in arbitrary two angle point pixel coordinate, Δx=Kx(m2-m1)、Δy=Ky(n2-
n1)、ΔABActual distance respectively between the horizontal component, vertical component and AB of actual distance.
4. the intermediate plate anchorage dimensional defects detection method according to claim 1 or 2 based on machine vision, feature exist
In:In step (7), discrimination formula is as follows:
Wherein, i={ 1,2,3,4,5 } respectively represents the basic parameter type of intermediate plate anchorage size, ftiIt is test intermediate plate anchorage
A certain size parameter values, fsiFor corresponding standard parameter optimal value, TiIt is to differentiate the upper lower deviation allowed, which decides to folder
The containing degree of piece anchorage size, g (fti) be feature decision result function, when functional value be equal to 1 when, differentiate intermediate plate anchorage should
Dimensional parameters are qualification, otherwise sentence that its is unqualified, are all qualification and if only if all dimensional parameters of intermediate plate anchorage, just differentiate it
Size qualification.
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Cited By (8)
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CN109472773A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-03-15 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of defect inspection method for LED |
CN109840891A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-06-04 | 重庆工程学院 | A kind of intelligence strand tapered anchorage and prestressed monitoring method and detection system, terminal |
CN110500951A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-11-26 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of lamp lens shell sizes detection method based on machine vision |
CN110533731A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-03 | 无锡先导智能装备股份有限公司 | The scaling method of camera resolution and the caliberating device of camera resolution |
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CN112233119A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-01-15 | 常州微亿智造科技有限公司 | Workpiece defect quality inspection method, device and system |
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Application publication date: 20180925 |