CN108570892B - A kind of rail fastening and rail fastening system of processing - Google Patents
A kind of rail fastening and rail fastening system of processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108570892B CN108570892B CN201710136292.5A CN201710136292A CN108570892B CN 108570892 B CN108570892 B CN 108570892B CN 201710136292 A CN201710136292 A CN 201710136292A CN 108570892 B CN108570892 B CN 108570892B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/38—Indirect fastening of rails by using tie-plates or chairs; Fastening of rails on the tie-plates or in the chairs
- E01B9/44—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate
- E01B9/46—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps
- E01B9/48—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps by resilient steel clips
- E01B9/483—Fastening the rail on the tie-plate by clamps by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of rail traffic, and in particular to a kind of improvement of rail fastener and the processing technology and system of processing of fastener.Technical solution is: rail fastening includes the inner support component on the inside of track and the outer support component on the outside of track；The inner support component and outer support component are respectively provided with block far from the side of track, and the first bolt from top to bottom passes through block and screws in sleeper；The inner support component and outer support component include the flexible layer set gradually from the bottom to top, the first billet and the second billet；In rail fastening structure of the invention, Z-shaped spring structure is simple, easy for installation, is supported by Z-shaped spring to the middle part on the outside of track, and the risk that track topples can not only can be greatly reduced.And the problem of spring antirust that rail fastening is found in use according to the prior art, poor corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of rail traffic, and in particular to the improvement of rail fastener a kind of and fastener
Processing technology and system of processing.
Background technique
Rail fastener is track important composition component, and rail and sleeper are bound up by rail fastener,
The effect of rail fastener is fixed rail correct position, prevents the vertical and horizontal of rail from being displaced, prevents rail from tumbling.Together
When necessary elasticity, insulation performance can also be provided, to gauge, horizontal have certain adjustment capability, and rail fastener knot
Structure requires as far as possible simply, convenient for manufacture, construction and maintenance etc..
Existing fastener, is mounted on sleeper, and the limit of track transverse direction is realized by the transverse shear stress to rail inferior portion,
It is pressed in the upper surface of rail inferior portion by e shape or shape of a hoof spring, realizes the limit to track longitudinal direction.It is jumped in track stress
When dynamic, spring can cushioning rail stress, play the role of reducing noise and vibration.Vehicle is during high-speed cruising, vehicle
Wheel mainly applies towards the lateral tension on the outside of track track, and existing fastener lacks to the effective of rail superior portion
Support and for rail superior portion shock-damping structure, cause the stress of rail superior portion that can only be transferred under track along track itself
Portion causes the local stress of rail inferior portion to significantly increase.Due to being unable to get effective release, this is just to track own material
High requirement can be proposed, or needs frequently to safeguard in use, maintenance.Especially high-speed railway, the phenomenon
It becomes apparent.Therefore, it is badly in need of providing a kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener that can improve track stress performance at present.
Domestic rail fastener system relatively new at present is to adapt to high speed, environmental protection, Labor-saving and can tune into the melt four
Big basic norm, towards Low rigidity, long-life, low cost and its mutually coordinated technique direction development.After railway speed increase,
Train speed per hour is increased to 350 kilometers/hour, proposes strict requirements to the spring steel of railway track fastener, specifically relates to
And mechanical performance (tensile strength >=1200Mpa, the contraction percentage of area >=35%, the contraction percentage of area >=52% of rolled), in steel
The composition of non-metallic inclusion, distribution, shape, quantity (K3≤30), residual elements (P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, gas
(graphitic carbon content should be less than being equal to 1.5 for content ([O]≤12ppm), decarburized layer (≤1.0%D), microscopic structure and its uniformity
Grade), grain size (>=7 grades), surface quality (surface defect≤0.10mm) etc..The rail for meeting above-mentioned requirements in the prior art is buckled
Part also comparative maturity, and disclosed by patent and paper.
But find that the spring steel antirust ability of existing low-carbon (carbon content 0.38% or so) is weaker in practice, and rail
Fastener uses outdoors for a long time, handles the effect of rainwater, moisture, gets rusty easily.With industrial pollution, rainwater, soil acidification etc.
Corrosion damage can be further exacerbated by.The durability of rail fastening is often not so good as the test result in laboratory in this way in practice.So
The risk of rail fastening corrosion damage causes the security risk of railways train operation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide rail fastening and the rail fastening processing that a kind of antirust ability is strong and has excellent performance
Method and system.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of rail fastening, including be located at track
The inner support component of inside and the outer support component on the outside of track；The inner support component and outer support component are far from track
Side be respectively provided with block, the first bolt from top to bottom passes through block and screws in sleeper；
The inner support component and outer support component include the flexible layer set gradually from the bottom to top, the first billet and
Second billet；Against in orbit, the other side is resisted against on block for the side of first billet and the second billet；Institute
Stating outer support component further includes padded plate, and the padded plate is laid in the second side of the billet upper surface far from track；
The inner support component and outer support component pass through the second bolt and third bolt is fixed with sleeper, and described second
Bolt is located at close to the side of track, and third bolt is located remotely from the side of track；Second bolt and inner support component
Third bolt from top to bottom sequentially passes through the second billet, the first billet and flexible layer and screws in sleeper, and second spiral shell
Shape of a hoof spring is set at bolt, and in orbit, the other side is fastened on the head of the second bolt to the pressing of shape of a hoof spring side
Between the second billet；The third bolt of the outer support component from top to bottom sequentially passes through padded plate, the second billet,
One billet and flexible layer screw in sleeper, and Z-shaped spring is provided at the third bolt, one end of the Z-shaped spring against
Middle part on the outside of track, the other end are fastened between the head of third bolt and padded plate.
Preferably, the ingredient percent of spring steel used in the spring are as follows: C 0.15~0.20%, Si 3.2
~3.6%, Mn 0.80~0.95%, Cr 0.12~0.16%, Ni0.01~0.06%, Sn 0.10~0.22%, Co
0.04~0.08%, Cu 0.15-0.18%, P≤0.008%, S≤0.006%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Correspondingly, the processing method of the rail fastening, the processing method including spring, include the following steps:
A, just refining, refining and continuous casting；
The just refining carries out in electric arc furnaces, and tapping condition is T >=1650 DEG C, [P]≤0.008% and [C] >=0.03%；
The refining is ladle refining, wherein addition SiFe powder and SiC powder deoxidation, all the components start to hang after meeting the requirements
Packet；
The continuous casting is to pour to outpour 160 × 160mm2~320 × 425mm2The continuous casting billet of cross dimensions, poring rate
For 1.2~2.80m/min, continuous casting billet is cooled to 980 DEG C fastly on cold bed, then slow cooling, and slow cooling time 30~32 hours；
B, heating, controlled rolling and control cooling；
1100~1250 DEG C of the soaking temperature of the heating, soaking time 2.5~3.5 hours, steel billet tapping temperature 1000
~1050 DEG C, the male and female face temperature difference≤45 DEG C,
Rolling mill inlet temperature is 950~1000 DEG C in the controlled rolling, is rolled into wire rod；
The cooling cooling velocity of the control is 60~80 DEG C/h；
C, the blanking of wire rod material, cold forming and heat treatment；
After steel scale blanking, then cold forming is heat-treated.
Preferably, the high pressure descaling step before the controlled rolling of step b.
Preferably, the heat treatment step includes: to be tempered in 920~1000 DEG C of water quenchings and 600~720 DEG C；Quenching with
The speed of 200~300 DEG C/min is cooled to 20~30 DEG C；Tempering is cooled to 20~30 DEG C with the speed of 50~80 DEG C/min.
The invention has the following advantages: in rail fastening structure of the invention, Z-shaped spring structure is simple, installation side
Just, the middle part on the outside of track is supported by Z-shaped spring, the risk that track topples can not only can be greatly reduced, open up simultaneously
Wide stress transfer route, stress are avoided by being transmitted with the lower part of the Z-shaped spring and track that constitute support in the middle part of track
Local stress is excessive, improves the service life of rail.In addition the elasticity that Z-shaped spring has can be on effective cushioning rail
The transverse vibration in portion, achievees the purpose that stress release.So that the stress performance of track entirety is greatly improved and mentions
It rises.
And the problem of spring antirust that rail fastening is found in use according to the prior art, poor corrosion resistance.It is prominent
Broken property using ground carbon, and the mode of structure adjusting each element ratio composition successfully improves the antirust of spring steel and corrosion-resistant
Problem.And guarantee that properties and index meet 350 ㎞ of speed per hour/h high-speed rail operation requirement.Corresponding processing technology is simple, easily
It is processed in industrialization, and shortens the process-cycle, be beneficial to energy conservation emission reduction and improve production efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the portion A enlarged drawing in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the portion B enlarged drawing in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of Z-shaped elastic strip；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of padded plate；
Fig. 6 is padded plate machining state schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism and the first milling mechanism in full-automatic padded board processing system；
Fig. 8 is the first milling mechanism, the second milling mechanism, discharging mechanism and the material in the padded board processing system of automation
The structural schematic diagram of case；
Fig. 9 is the top view of the first positioning table in the first milling mechanism；
Figure 10 is the end view of the second positioning table in the second milling mechanism；
Figure 11 a to Figure 11 c is three kinds of status diagrams of the second positioning table in the second milling mechanism.
Specific embodiment
It is illustrated below by embodiment, it is noted that these embodiments are only exemplary, not to this hair
Bright composition any restrictions.
A kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1-4, the inner support component including being located at 1 inside of track
2 and the outer support component 3 positioned at the outside of track 1.Wheel 20 is fastened between two tracks 1, and the inside of track 1 passes through inner support
Component 2 is limited, and is limited on the outside of track 1 by outer support component 3.The inner support component 2 and outer support component 3 are remote
Leave the right or normal track 1 side is respectively provided with block 4, and the first bolt 5 from top to bottom passes through block 4 and screws in sleeper 6.Usual sleeper 6 is mixed
Solidifying soil sleeper is provided with nylon threaded sleeve with bolt corresponding position in 6 inside of sleeper, and bolt is matched with nylon threaded sleeve screw thread
It closes.
The inner support component 2 and outer support component 3 include flexible layer 7, the first steel pad set gradually from the bottom to top
Plate 8 and the second billet 9, flexible layer 7 are usually made of rubber slab or other plate bodys with certain flexibility, the flexible layer 7,
First billet 8 and the second billet 9 are successively overlapped.The side of first billet 8 and the second billet 9 is against in-orbit
On road 1, the other side is resisted against on block 4, to realize the limit lateral to track 1.As shown in Fig. 2, the outer support component 3
It further include padded plate 10, the padded plate 10 is laid in side of 9 upper surface of the second billet far from track 1, Fig. 2 middle orbit 1
Positioned at left side, then padded plate 10 is located at the right side of 9 upper surface of the second billet.First billet 8 and the second billet 9
Thickness can also be configured usually between 1-2CM according to the specific thickness of 1 bottom of track, that is, 8 He of the first billet
The thickness that second billet 9 adds up is suitable with the thickness of 1 bottom of track, realizes and effectively supports to track 1.
As shown in Figure 1, the inner support component 2 and outer support component 3 by the second bolt 11 and third bolt 12 with
Sleeper 6 is fixed, and second bolt 11 is located at close to the side of track 1, and third bolt 12 is located remotely from the side of track 1.Institute
The third bolt 12 for stating the second bolt 11 and inner support component 2 from top to bottom sequentially passes through the second billet 9, the first billet 8
It is screwed in sleeper 6 with flexible layer 7, and shape of a hoof spring 13 is set at second bolt 11, the shape of a hoof spring 13 is also
It is ω shape spring, on track 1, the other side is fastened on the head of the second bolt 11 and for 13 side of shape of a hoof spring pressing
Between two billets 9.The specific structure of shape of a hoof spring 13 and its it is installed as the ordinary skill in the art, details are not described herein again.
The third bolt 12 of the outer support component 3 from top to bottom sequentially passes through padded plate 10, the second billet 9,8 and of the first billet
Flexible layer 7 screws in sleeper 6, and Z-shaped spring 14 is provided at the third bolt 12, and one end of the Z-shaped spring 14 is resisted against
The middle part in 1 outside of track, the other end are fastened between the head of third bolt 12 and padded plate 10.In conjunction with shown in Fig. 2 and 4, institute
The Z-shaped spring 14 stated is exactly to be made of the bodies made of Elastic Steel of two parallel zigzags, two zigzag bodies
One end is connected by connection strap and presses the connection being in U-shape at the middle part in 1 outside of track, the other end by another middle part bending
Item connects, and the position of U-shaped is fastened between the head of third bolt 12 and padded plate 10.
Z-shaped 14 structure of spring of the present invention is simple, easy for installation, is carried out by middle part of the Z-shaped spring 14 to 1 outside of track
Support, the risk that track 1 topples can not only can be greatly reduced, while having widened stress transfer route, stress by in track 1
Portion constitutes the Z-shaped spring 14 of support and the lower part of track 1 is transmitted, and avoids that local stress is excessive, improves making for rail
Use the service life.In addition the elasticity that Z-shaped spring 14 has is capable of the transverse vibration on effective 1 top of cushioning rail, reaches stress release
Purpose.So that the stress performance of 1 entirety of track is greatly improved and is promoted.The setting of padded plate 10, which is played, raises
The effect of Z-shaped spring 14 is avoided and is interfered with each other between Z-shaped spring 14 and other component.It is various sizes of padded by replacing
Plate 10 also accommodates the track 1 of different specification size, flexibly and easily, versatile.The lower part of track 1 passes through the first billet 8
It cooperates with the second billet 9 with block 4, the lateral limit of track 1 is realized, between the first billet 8 and the second billet 9
Existing small gap leaves enough space nargin for component deformation of expanding with heat and contract with cold, and risk of distortion is low, safety and stability.
Flexible layer 7 plays buffer function, can reduce rail vibration and reduces noise pollution.Better way is also possible that in described
The flexible layer 7 of support component 2 and outer support component 3 is made of same rubber pad, and the middle part of the rubber pad is located at track 1
Between bottom surface and sleeper 6.That is 1 bottom surface of track is also equipped with flexible layer 7, flexible layer 7 can cushioning rail 1 and sleeper 6 it
Between friction and extruding, improve the service life of track 1 and sleeper 6.Especially flexible layer 7 is compounded with steel wire by inside
When rubber pad is constituted, the deformation reconstitution properties and abrasion resistance properties of rubber pad are further greatly improved, have extremely long
Service life.In addition, in order to improve bolted tightness, better way can also be first bolt 5, second
The neck of bolt 11 and third bolt 12 is arranged with spring washer and plain washer.
Track 1 is limited since shape of a hoof spring 13 and Z-shaped spring 14 not only need to have enough rigidity, together
When need to have certain elastic force also to buffer to the stress of track 1, therefore, shape of a hoof spring 13 and Z of the present invention
Shape spring 14 is made of spring steel, the ingredient percent of the preferably described spring steel are as follows: C 0.42~0.56%, Si
1.35~1.54%, Ti 0.42~0.53%, Sc 0.86~0.96%, Cr 1.12~1.32%, Ni.0.13~
0.16%, Cu 0.06-0.07%, P≤0.010%, S≤0.010%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.By C,
The rational proportion of Si, Ti, Sc, Cr, Ni, so that steel, which not only have good intensity also, has fabulous toughness.
The processing method of two kinds of springs is as follows:
The first step, the preparation of spring steel
Embodiment and comparative example chemical component is shown in Table 1, and preparation process is as follows:
Step a, electric arc furnace smelting-ladle refining-continuous casting
It carries out refining at the beginning of molten steel in 30 tons of electric arc furnaces；30 tons of ladle refining；Continuous casting；Produce 90 × 90mm2
~360 × 360mm2The qualified continuous casting billet of cross dimensions:
(1) just refine: furnace charge selects low P, S steel scrap and high duty pig iron；Alloy need to prepare low-carbon chromium, low-carbon cobalt, purity and be greater than
99.99% tin, low Carbon Manganese etc.；Reducing agent: calcium carbide, carbon dust, silicon metal etc.；The heat of oxidation: diligent stream slag removes P, and decarburized amount >=
0.30%；Tapping condition:
T >=1650 DEG C, [P]≤0.008%, [C] >=0.03%.Suitable lime or synthetic slag is added in the tapping later period.
(2) refine: when electric furnace steel tapping 1/3, slag charge is added in ladle, and slag charge proportion is controlled by basicity of slag 2.5~3.According to reality
Border desulfurization situation, can the whole basicity of slag of equal sentiment.Heating station uses Si-Fe powder and SiC powder deoxidation, is added portionwise, according to slag condition
And silicone content situation adjustment additional amount and addition batch in steel, generally at interval of a batch of addition in 15 minutes, 0.5~1.2kg/ of dosage
T makes refining process remain that deoxidation is good.Oxygen is determined before ladle enters vacuum outgas, and silicon is added according to oxygen activity situation
Iron, additional amount by finished product silicone content requirement limit with addition of, and combine determine oxygen value, judge deoxidation effect, decide whether to carry out silicon again
Amount adjustment.Guarantee [O]≤0.0025%, [H]≤0.00015%；All the components, which enter in the range of optimization requires, to be started to hang
Packet.
(3) continuous casting: high-temperature molten steel is poured by protection sleeve pipe into tundish, the tundish degree of superheat≤35 DEG C in ladle.
Tundish is refractory coating and must not be had crack using preceding complete cleaning, inner surface；Molten steel in tundish through continuous cast mold,
With reasonable speed, pours and outpour 160 × 160mm2~320 × 425mm2The qualified continuous casting billet of cross dimensions, according to different ingots
Molded dimension poring rate is 1.2~2.80m/min.Qualified continuous casting billet is cooled to 980 DEG C fastly on cold bed, into burial pit slow cooling, delays
Cool time is 30~32 hours.
Step b, heating, controlled rolling wire rod and control cooling
Using rolling mill hot-working milling method, first qualified continuous casting billet surface is cleared up, then its hot-working is rolled
It makes to finished product wire rod, technology point:
(1) heating furnace heating process: 1100~1250 DEG C of the soaking temperature of the heating, soaking time 2.5~3.5 is small
When, 1000~1050 DEG C of steel billet tapping temperature, the male and female face temperature difference≤45 DEG C；
(2) controlled rolling technique: after the steel billet of homogeneous heating is come out of the stove, normally-open high pressure descaling machine, rolling mill inlet temperature:
950~1000 DEG C；
(3) it controls cold technique: rolling into online slow cooling after wire rod, insulation cover is all closed, 60~80 DEG C/h of cooling velocity.
The mechanical property of embodiment and comparative example is shown in Table 2, and wherein mechanical property according to GB/T228, (draw by metal material room temperature
Stretch test method) detection.
The molding and heat treatment of rail fastening spring
After steel scale blanking, cold forming is tempered in 920~1000 DEG C of water quenchings and 600~720 DEG C；Quenching with 200~
The speed of 300 DEG C/min is cooled to 20~30 DEG C；Tempering is cooled to 20~30 DEG C with the speed of 50~80 DEG C/min.Embodiment
See Table 3 for details with the heat treatment process and mechanical property of comparative example, and wherein mechanical property according to GB/T228, (draw by metal material room temperature
Stretch test method) detection.
The detection of fatigue life
It is adopted on fatigue experimental machine according to the requirement of " provisional technical conditions are checked and accepted in the manufacture of high-speed railway fastener components "
With amplitude 2.5mm, fatigue experiment is carried out, the testing result of embodiment and comparative example is shown in Table 4.
The chemical component of 1 embodiment and comparative example of table
| Number | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| C | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 0.39 |
| Si | 3.20 | 3.39 | 3.60 | 3.40 | 3.60 | 1.68 |
| Mn | 0.80 | 0.90 | 0.94 | 0.83 | 0.94 | 0.94 |
| P | 0.006 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| S | 0.006 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Sn | 0.10 | 0.18 | 0.22 | 0.21 | ≤0.001 | 0.22 |
| Co | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.06 | ≤0.001 | 0.08 |
| Cr | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| Ni | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
| Cu | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
The mechanical property of 2 embodiment and comparative example spring steel of table
Mechanical performance after the heat treatment of 3 embodiment and comparative example of table
The fatigue life of 4 embodiment and comparative example of table
| Number | Fatigue life |
| Embodiment 1 | 6900000 times |
| Embodiment 2 | 7100000 times |
| Embodiment 3 | 7500000 times |
| Embodiment 4 | 7300000 times |
| Comparative example 1 | 6000000 times |
| Comparative example 2 | 6100000 times |
Six products are put into climatic chamber, set humidity as 80%, temperature be 60 DEG C, and being straightened spring steel
The rod iron for being truncated into 100mm long is lain in a horizontal plane in glassware, and the acetic acid that mass concentration 5% is added dropwise in glassware accelerates oxygen
Change and corrosion, acetate deep submerge the half of rod iron thickness.Then since 30 days from every 10 days and record corrosion situation,
As a result as follows:
The accelerating corrosion experimental result of 5 embodiment of table and comparative example
By table 1,2 and 5 it is found that the contraction percentage of area Z of embodiment illustrates spring steel of the present invention between 53-58%
Toughness plasticity and cold forming ability are more preferable；And it after increasing cobalt and tin and adjusting the ratio of carbon and silicon, not only significantly improves
Anti-corrosion ability, and can guarantee mechanical property under the conditions of spring steel low-carbon.Pass through heat treatment side of the invention known to table 3
Method quenching is easy to operate at low cost using water cooling, illustrates that heat treatment method of the invention is more environmentally friendly, spring mechanics after processing
Superior performance.The fatigue life of spring steel of the present invention is significantly higher than the fatigue life of comparative example.Spring steel produced by the invention leads to
It crosses cold forming and fastener is made, properties meet requirement after heat treatment, and relatively traditional rail fastener cost reduces.
The present invention has also carried out certain improvement to the processing of the casting such as padded plate 10 simultaneously.If Fig. 5-11 is rail fastening
Casting, such as the system of processing of padded plate 10, the first billet 8, the second billet 9.System of processing includes blank conveyer
Structure 20, the feed inlet linking of discharge end and the first milling mechanism 30 of the conveying mechanism 20, first milling mechanism 30
Discharge port is connected with the feed inlet of the second milling mechanism 40；First milling mechanism 30 is used for the plane of the padded plate 10 of milling
101；The first milling head 31 for milling strip through-hole 103 is provided on first milling mechanism 30；Second Milling Machine
Structure 40 is used for the inclined-plane 104 of the padded plate 10 of milling；Second milling mechanism 40 is connected with discharging mechanism 50, and discharging mechanism 50 is used
It is sent in hopper 60 in by the padded plate 10 processed.
The first milling in conjunction with shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, on above-mentioned the first milling mechanism 30 and the first milling mechanism 30
First 31 are respectively used to the plane 101 and strip through-hole 103 of the padded plate 10 of milling, the plane 101 and item of above-mentioned padded plate 10
It after 103 completion of processing of shape through-hole, is sent on the second milling mechanism 40, and Milling Process goes out the end chamfer of padded plate 10
104, the padded plate 10 processed is sent to hopper 60 using discharging mechanism 50 by padded 10 completion of processing of plate entire in this way, from
And transhipment can be gone out, which can realize the full-automation of padded plate 10, be remarkably improved the processing effect of padded plate 10
Rate.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, as shown in connection with fig. 7, the horizontally disposed transmission belt 21 of the conveying mechanism 20, institute
The two sides for stating transmission belt 21 are provided with striker plate 22, and the discharge port linking of the transmission belt 21 has discharging plate 23, the discharging
Plate 23 is connected with the feed inlet of the first milling mechanism 30；
Above-mentioned blank to be processed has the discharge port of equipment to be sent to transmission belt 21, and is sent to out by transmission belt 21
Expect on plate 23, to realize positioning to blank using the striker plate 22 of 21 two sides of transmission belt setting, so that blank is neatly simultaneously
Row's arrangement is sent to the feed end of the first milling mechanism 30.
Further, first milling mechanism 30 includes the first sliding rail 32, first sliding rail 32 it is horizontal and with transmission
Conveying direction with 21 is parallel, and the sliding of the first sliding rail 32 is provided with the first positioning table 33, the upper face of first positioning table 33
It is provided through positioning runner 331, the flute length direction of the positioning runner 331 is horizontal and, first gas parallel with the first sliding rail 32
The notch and discharging plate 23 that cylinder 35 drives the positioning runner 331 of the first positioning table 33 are close to or far from first positioning table
33 top is provided with the second milling head 34 of the plane 101 for processing padded plate 10, and first milling head 31 is arranged first
The top of positioning table 33；
The first above-mentioned cylinder 35 drives the notch of the positioning runner 331 of the first positioning table 33 and discharging plate 23 close,
Blank is sent in positioning runner 331, and can be realized using positioning runner 331 to the Primary Location of padded plate 10, is avoided
There is the play of direction of both ends in padded plate 10.
To implement the firm positioning to the blank on positioning runner 331, the positioning runner 331 of first positioning table 33
Both ends be respectively arranged with baffle 361, the baffle 361 is connect with the piston rod of third cylinder 36, the work of third cylinder 36
Stopper rod it is vertical and drive the both ends of 361 plate face of baffle and positioning runner 331 close to or far from；
When the first positioning table 33 is moved to the first milling head 31 and the second 34 lower section of milling head, third cylinder 36 is acted, from
And pasted with the both ends of the positioning runner 331 of the first positioning table 33, to realize the firm positioning to the blank on positioning runner 331
Firm positioning；
As shown in connection with fig. 9, it is provided with close to one end of the second milling mechanism 40 close to switch 39, institute in positioning runner 331
It states and is protruded out in the notch of positioning runner 331 close to the end of switch 39, when padded plate 10 is that delivery is close in positioning runner 331
When the case where speed, the padded plate 10 of switch 39 is located adjacent to against close switch 39, so that conveying mechanism 20 stops,
Judge that the padded plate 10 on the positioning runner 331 has been expired, is carried out to be transferred to below the first milling head 31 and the second milling head 34
Milling Process, thus the degree of automation of the system is high.
Closer, as shown in connection with fig. 8, second milling mechanism 40 includes the second sliding rail 41, second sliding rail
41 is parallel with the first sliding rail 32, and the sliding of the second sliding rail 41 is provided with servo motor 42, and the shaft end of the servo motor 42 is provided with
Second positioning table 43 is provided with locating groove 431, the flute length direction water of the locating groove 431 on second positioning table 43
Flat and parallel with the second sliding rail 41, the second cylinder 45 drives the notch and positioning runner of the locating groove 431 of the second positioning table 43
331 notch is close to or far from the top of second positioning table 43 is provided with of the inclined-plane 104 for processing padded plate 10
Three milling heads 44；
The top of first positioning table 33 is provided with first and catches up with flitch 37, and described first catches up with flitch 37 to be arranged the 4th
On the piston rod of cylinder 38, the piston rod of the 4th cylinder 38 is straight down and cylinder body is slidably arranged on the first track, driving machine
Structure drive one end of the locating groove 431 of the 4th cylinder 38 and the second positioning table 43 close to or far from.
Above-mentioned servo motor 42 drives the rotation of the second positioning table 43, and the starting of the 4th cylinder 38 will be on the first positioning table 33
Blank rushes in the locating groove 431 on the second positioning table 43, and starts the rotation of the second positioning table 43, so as to be processed is oblique
Face 103 is horizontal, starts third milling head 44, can process inclined-plane 104.
Similarly, what the top of the second positioning table 43 was arranged in the discharging mechanism 50 second catches up with flitch 51, and described second catches up with material
Plate 51 is arranged on the piston rod of the 5th cylinder 52, and the piston rod of the 5th cylinder 52 is straight down and cylinder body is slidably arranged in second
On track, the material mouth of the 5th cylinder 52 of power mechanism driving and hopper 60 close to or far from；
Above-mentioned the 5th cylinder 52 starting, the padded plate 10 of completion of processing is rushed in hopper 60.
To realize the firm fixation to blank to be processed, in conjunction with shown in Figure 11 a to Figure 11 c, second positioning table 43
The slot bottom of locating groove 431 be an inclined-plane, the side of the locating groove 431 is provided with locating piece 48, the locating piece 48
It is arranged on the piston rod of the 6th cylinder 49, the piston rod of the 6th cylinder 49 is horizontal and hangs down with the flute length of locating groove 431
Directly, the 6th cylinder 49 driving locating piece 48 and padded plate 10 close to or far from；
Above-mentioned the 6th cylinder 49 starting, so that locating piece 48 be resisted against to one end of padded plate 10, to realize to pad
The firm clamping of high plate 10 starts third milling head 44, to process the inclined-plane 104 of padded plate 10.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of rail fastening, it is characterised in that: including being located at the inner support component (2) on the inside of track (1) and being located at track (1)
The outer support component (3) in outside；The side of the inner support component (2) and outer support component (3) separate track (1) is respectively provided with gear
Block (4), the first bolt (5) from top to bottom pass through block (4) and screw in sleeper (6)；
The inner support component (2) and outer support component (3) include flexible layer (7), the first steel set gradually from the bottom to top
Backing plate (8) and the second billet (9)；The side of first billet (8) and the second billet (9) is resisted against on track (1),
The other side is resisted against on block (4)；The outer support component (3) further includes padded plate (10), and the padded plate (10) is laid in
Side of second billet (9) upper surface far from track (1)；
The inner support component (2) and outer support component (3) pass through the second bolt (11) and third bolt (12) and sleeper (6)
Fixed, second bolt (11) is located at close to the side of track (1), and third bolt (12) is located remotely from the side of track (1)；
The third bolt (12) of second bolt (11) and inner support component (2) from top to bottom sequentially passes through the second billet (9),
One billet (8) and flexible layer (7) screw in sleeper (6), and shape of a hoof spring (13) are arranged at second bolt (11), institute
The pressing of shape of a hoof spring (13) side is stated on track (1), the other side is fastened on head and the second steel pad of the second bolt (11)
Between plate (9)；The third bolt (12) of the outer support component (3) from top to bottom sequentially passes through padded plate (10), the second steel pad
Plate (9), the first billet (8) and flexible layer (7) screw in sleeper (6), and are provided with Z-shaped spring at the third bolt (12)
(14), one end of the Z-shaped spring (14) is resisted against the middle part on the outside of track (1), and the other end is fastened on third bolt (12)
Between head and padded plate (10)；The shape of a hoof spring (13) is made with Z-shaped spring (14) of spring steel.
2. the system of processing of rail fastening according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including padded plate blank material conveying mechanism
(20), the discharge end of the conveying mechanism (20) is connected with the feed inlet of the first milling mechanism (30), first milling mechanism
(30) discharge port is connected with the feed inlet of the second milling mechanism (40)；
First milling mechanism (30) is used for the plane (101) of the padded plate of milling (10)；
The first milling head (31) for milling strip through-hole (103) is provided on first milling mechanism (30)；
Second milling mechanism (40) is used for the inclined-plane (104) of the padded plate of milling (10)；
Second milling mechanism (40) is connected with discharging mechanism (50), and discharging mechanism (50) is used for the padded plate that will be processed
(10) it is sent in hopper (60)；
The two sides of the horizontally disposed transmission belt of the conveying mechanism (20) (21), the transmission belt (21) are provided with striker plate
(22), the discharge port linking of the transmission belt (21) has discharging plate (23), the discharging plate (23) and the first milling mechanism
(30) feed inlet linking.
3. the system of processing of rail fastening according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the first milling mechanism (30) packet
It includes the first sliding rail (32), the first sliding rail (32) level and, first sliding rail (32) parallel with the conveying direction of transmission belt (21)
Sliding is provided with the first positioning table (33), and the upper face of first positioning table (33) is provided through positioning runner (331), institute
The flute length direction for stating positioning runner (331) is horizontal and parallel with the first sliding rail (32), and the first cylinder (35) drives the first positioning table
(33) notch of positioning runner (331) and discharging plate (23) above first positioning table (33) close to or far from setting
It is equipped with the second milling head (34) of the plane (101) for processing padded plate (10), the first milling head (31) setting is fixed first
The top of position platform (33).
4. the system of processing of rail fastening according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the second milling mechanism (40) packet
It includes the second sliding rail (41), second sliding rail (41) is parallel with the first sliding rail (32), and the second sliding rail (41) sliding is provided with servo
The shaft end of motor (42), the servo motor (42) is provided with the second positioning table (43), is arranged on second positioning table (43)
Have locating groove (431), the flute length direction of the locating groove (431) is horizontal and, second cylinder parallel with the second sliding rail (41)
(45) notch of the notch and positioning runner (331) that drive the locating groove (431) of the second positioning table (43) is close to or far from institute
State the third milling head (44) that the inclined-plane for processing padded plate (10) (104) is provided with above the second positioning table (43).
5. the system of processing of rail fastening according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the first positioning table (33) determine
The both ends of position sliding slot (331) are respectively arranged with baffle (361), and baffle (361) are equal to be connected to the piston rod of third cylinder (36)
It connects, the piston rod of third cylinder (36) is vertical and driving baffle (361) plate face and the both ends of positioning runner (331) are close or remote
From.
6. the system of processing of rail fastening according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: first positioning table (33) it is upper
Side is provided with first and catches up with flitch (37), and described first catches up with flitch (37) to be arranged on the piston rod of the 4th cylinder (38), the 4th gas
The piston rod of cylinder (38) is straight down and cylinder body is slidably arranged on the first track, and driving mechanism drives the 4th cylinder (38) and the
One end of the locating groove (431) of two positioning tables (43) close to or far from；
What the discharging mechanism (50) was arranged above the second positioning table (43) second catches up with flitch (51), and described second catches up with flitch
(51) it is arranged on the piston rod of the 5th cylinder (52), the piston rod of the 5th cylinder (52) is straight down and cylinder body is slidably arranged in
On second track, power mechanism drive the material mouth of the 5th cylinder (52) and hopper (60) close to or far from；
The slot bottom of the locating groove (431) of second positioning table (43) is an inclined-plane, and the side of the locating groove (431) is set
It is equipped with locating piece (48), the locating piece (48) is arranged on the piston rod of the 6th cylinder (49), the 6th cylinder (49)
Piston rod is horizontal and vertical with the flute length of locating groove (431), and the 6th cylinder (49) drives locating piece (48) and padded plate (10)
Close to or far from.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710136292.5A CN108570892B (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | A kind of rail fastening and rail fastening system of processing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710136292.5A CN108570892B (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | A kind of rail fastening and rail fastening system of processing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108570892A CN108570892A (en) | 2018-09-25 |
| CN108570892B true CN108570892B (en) | 2019-09-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710136292.5A Active CN108570892B (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | A kind of rail fastening and rail fastening system of processing |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108570891B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2019-09-06 | 四川省宜宾普什驱动有限责任公司 | A kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener |
| CN110983192B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-11-10 | 上海材料研究所 | High-performance fastener elastic strip and manufacturing method and application thereof |
| CN112411271A (en) * | 2021-01-03 | 2021-02-26 | 米建军 | Track elastic strip and track fastener assembly |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1191123A (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1985-07-30 | Lawrence W. Gray | Rail fastening |
| PT1974100E (en) * | 2006-01-21 | 2011-08-02 | Vossloh Werke Gmbh | System for fixing a rail |
| CN102162068B (en) * | 2010-02-21 | 2013-07-31 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Spring steel and manufacturing and thermal treatment method thereof |
| CN203284701U (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-11-13 | 太仓中博铁路紧固件有限公司 | Elastic fastener enabling steel rail gauge to be adjustable |
| CN108570891B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2019-09-06 | 四川省宜宾普什驱动有限责任公司 | A kind of rail in high speed railway dedicated fastener |
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2017
- 2017-03-09 CN CN201710136292.5A patent/CN108570892B/en active Active
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| CN108570892A (en) | 2018-09-25 |
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