CN108570343A - 一种新型发动机冷却液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种新型发动机冷却液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108570343A
CN108570343A CN201810512520.9A CN201810512520A CN108570343A CN 108570343 A CN108570343 A CN 108570343A CN 201810512520 A CN201810512520 A CN 201810512520A CN 108570343 A CN108570343 A CN 108570343A
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parts
agent
coolant liquid
engine coolant
acid
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陈星朴
杨小卜
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Sichuan Love Wate Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型发动机冷却液，包括1，2‑丙二醇18～22份、一缩二丙二醇14～16份、季戊四醇四酯10～14份、丙三醇8～12份、乙二醇8～12份、山梨醇7～9份、聚乙烯醚4～6份、安息香酸1.5～2.5份、乙二胺四乙酸0.8～1.2份等。本发明属于发动机冷却液技术领域，本发明新型发动机冷却液为有机型组分或添加剂，不含对环境和人体有害的硅、磷、氯、钼酸盐、亚硝酸盐及胺盐；具有优良的防冻性能、超强的抗沸性能、优越的导热力和散热力性能、高稳定性等，能够克服传统含水冷却液存在的易“开锅”的技术缺陷，有利于发动机在满载、高负荷下运行。

Description

一种新型发动机冷却液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于发动机冷却液技术领域，具体是指一种新型发动机冷却液及其制备方法。
背景技术
冷却液作为汽车、火车、飞机、船舶等发动机的冷却剂，是维持发动机正常工作和运作不可缺少的重要元素，用于发动机散热，避免发动机因过热导致损坏。冷却液主要由防冻剂、缓蚀剂、消泡剂、着色剂、防霉剂和缓冲剂等组成。乙二醇和丙二醇热传导性好、冰点低、沸点高、稳定性好、抗腐蚀性好、可有效抑制气蚀、不分解、粘温性好、价格便宜、无不良气味等优点，与缓蚀剂配合不腐蚀金属，因而普遍应用于冷却液的防冻剂。冷却液的缓蚀剂可分为无机盐缓蚀剂和有机酸缓蚀剂。目前，无机盐缓蚀剂主要有硅酸盐、硼酸盐、钼酸盐、磷酸盐等，但由于消耗速度快、导热散热性能差、稳定性差、易生成沉淀、环境不友好等缺点，限制了其广泛应用。
信息时代的到来，人们对速度的追求永不止步，交通运输工具提速是未来发展的必然趋势，发动机作为交通运输工具的心脏，也逐渐向大功率、重负荷、高转速、小体积发展，发动机的工作温度不断提高，因此，为满足高性能发动机的要求，需要一种性能更高、效果更好的冷却液。冷却液是一种复杂多组分体系，优良的冷却液应具有散热、防腐蚀、防冻、高沸点、防水垢和阻止起泡等功能。大部分防冻剂由于各种原因相继被淘汰，如甲醇、乙醇沸点低，蒸气压力大和易燃；盐水混合物易生锈和产生结晶沉淀；甘油粘度较高，防冻性差，与橡胶不相容；二乙二醇低温粘度大，防锈能力差；以乙二醇或丙二醇为防冻剂、以有机酸为缓蚀剂的冷却液，性能上也存在诸多缺陷，例如，启动慢、易产生气穴腐蚀，防腐效果不太理想、粘度高，导热系数不高、能耗大、有害成分高、冰点和沸点也受到影响，实际应用时达不到理想的效果。另外，传统发动机冷却液稳定性能差，含水冷却液存在的易“开锅”的技术缺陷，不利于发动机在满载、高负荷下运行。冷却液的导热效果直接影响发动机燃料的燃烧状况，从而影响燃烧排放的废气的成分。例如，冷却液的传热效果差致使燃烧废气中碳氢化合物和一氧化碳含量增多、颗粒物粒径增大、颗粒物数量增多，碳氢化合物含量增多意味着能耗大，一氧化碳和颗粒物污染环境。
目前在国内市场发动机冷却液的质量参差不齐，仍有部分以工业乙醇或甲醇为基础的冷却液，该产品沸点低、醇类易挥发，严重影响冷却液冰点，常常对汽车水箱体造成伤害。且现有国内市场，基本还是以无机型冷却液为主，有机型产品仅在高端市场占据较小的份额，但有机型冷却液具有传统无机型产品无法比拟的卓越性能。
为了人类的可持续发展，因此一种性能优异且更加节能环保的新型发动机冷却液亟待研发推广。
发明内容
为解决上述现有难题，本发明提供了一种不含对环境和人体有害的硅、磷、氯、钼酸盐、亚硝酸盐及胺盐的新型发动机冷却液，具有优良的防冻性能、超强的抗沸性能、优越的导热力和散热力性能、高稳定性等，能够克服传统含水冷却液存在的易“开锅”的技术缺陷，有利于发动机在满载、高负荷下运行。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种新型发动机冷却液，包括如下重量份的组分：1，2-丙二醇18～22份、一缩二丙二醇14～16份、季戊四醇四酯10～14份、丙三醇8～12份、乙二醇8～12份、山梨醇7～9份、聚乙烯醚4～6份、安息香酸1.5～2.5份、乙二胺四乙酸0.8～1.2份、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑0.8～1.2份、癸二酸05.～07.份、异辛酸0.15～0.25份、氨基三甲叉膦酸0.15～0.25份、散尾葵7～9份、正硅酸甲酯0.2～0.4份、聚天冬氨酸0.7～0.9份、抑菌剂0.5～0.7份、pH调节剂0.0.8～0.12份、防锈剂0.8～1.2份、消泡剂0.15～0.25份、焊锡保护剂0.15～0.25份、染色剂0.005～0.15份。
进一步地，一种新型发动机冷却液，包括如下重量份的组分：1，2-丙二醇20份、一缩二丙二醇15份、季戊四醇四酯12份、丙三醇10份、乙二醇10份、山梨醇8份、聚乙烯醚5份、安息香酸2份、乙二胺四乙酸1份、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑1份、癸二酸0.6份、异辛酸0.2份、氨基三甲叉膦酸0.1份、散尾葵8份、正硅酸甲酯0.3份、聚天冬氨酸0.8份、抑菌剂0.6份、pH调节剂0.1份、防锈剂0.1份、消泡剂0.2份、焊锡保护剂0.2份、染色剂0.01份。
进一步地，所述pH调节剂为氢氧化钠。
作为优选地，所述染色剂为荧光黄、荧光红、ZTH红、纯黄、纯蓝中的一种或多种。
作为优选地，所述消泡剂为聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚和聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯甘油醚的一种或多种。
作为优选地，所述焊锡保护剂为肉桂醛、肉桂酸钾、肉桂酸中的一种或多种。
作为优选地，所述防锈剂为异辛酸、新葵酸中的一种或多种。
作为优选地，所述抑菌剂为咪唑烷基脲、双咪唑烷基脲、异噻唑啉酮中的一种或多种。
本发明还公开了一种新型发动机冷却液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按照组分的重量份比称取各组分；
2)首先重量份的1，2-丙二醇、一缩二丙二醇、季戊四醇四酯、丙三醇、乙二醇、山梨醇、聚乙烯醚投入反应釜内，开启电动搅拌，调控电动搅拌转速为30～50r/min，控温80～90℃，向所述反应釜内加入重量份的安息香酸、乙二胺四乙酸、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑、癸二酸、异辛酸、氨基三甲叉膦酸、散尾葵、正硅酸甲酯、聚天冬氨酸、抑菌剂、防锈剂、消泡剂、焊锡保护剂，再向所述反应釜内缓缓加入pH调节剂至反应釜内物料充分溶解混合均匀，在加入重量份的染色剂，电动搅拌控速50～80r/min，搅拌2～3h，即可得到本发明新型发动机冷却液。
进一步地，在步骤2)中pH调节剂加入量为调节本发明的新型发动机冷却液pH至9-10。
采用上述方案本发明取得有益效果如下：本发明新型发动机冷却液为有机型组分或添加剂，不含对环境和人体有害的硅、磷、氯、钼酸盐、亚硝酸盐及胺盐；本发明不仅具有优良的防冻性能，还具有超强的抗沸性，沸点可达到160℃以上，而传统无机型产品的沸点一般为106℃以上，导热力和散热力都比无机型产品要优越得多。不仅如此，本发明产品的储存稳定性极佳，保质期可长达6年，这些特点都是传统无机型冷却液所不具备的。本发明冷却液稳定性能高，能够克服传统含水冷却液存在的易“开锅”的技术缺陷，有利于发动机在满载、高负荷下运行。能确保车辆在高原、沙漠、寒冷等恶劣环境安全行驶，尤其适合于军用车辆、高端车辆和大功率重负荷货车和客车。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1，本发明新型发动机冷却液，包括如下重量份的组分：1，2-丙二醇20份、一缩二丙二醇15份、季戊四醇四酯12份、丙三醇10份、乙二醇10份、山梨醇8份、聚乙烯醚5份、安息香酸2份、乙二胺四乙酸1份、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑1份、癸二酸0.6份、异辛酸0.2份、氨基三甲叉膦酸0.1份、散尾葵8份、正硅酸甲酯0.3份、聚天冬氨酸0.8份、抑菌剂0.6份、pH调节剂0.1份、防锈剂0.1份、消泡剂0.2份、焊锡保护剂0.2份、染色剂0.01份。
本发明新型发动机冷却液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按照组分的重量份比称取各组分；
2)首先重量份的1，2-丙二醇、一缩二丙二醇、季戊四醇四酯、丙三醇、乙二醇、山梨醇、聚乙烯醚投入反应釜内，开启电动搅拌，调控电动搅拌转速为30～50r/min，控温80～90℃，向所述反应釜内加入重量份的安息香酸、乙二胺四乙酸、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑、癸二酸、异辛酸、氨基三甲叉膦酸、散尾葵、正硅酸甲酯、聚天冬氨酸、抑菌剂、防锈剂、消泡剂、焊锡保护剂，再向所述反应釜内缓缓加入pH调节剂至反应釜内物料充分溶解混合均匀，在加入重量份的染色剂，电动搅拌控速50～80r/min，搅拌2～3h，即可得到本发明新型发动机冷却液。
实施例2，本发明新型发动机冷却液，包括如下重量份的组分：1，2-丙二醇18份、一缩二丙二醇14份、季戊四醇四酯10份、丙三醇8份、乙二醇8份、山梨醇7份、聚乙烯醚4份、安息香酸1.5份、乙二胺四乙酸0.8份、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑0.8份、癸二酸0.5份、异辛酸0.15份、氨基三甲叉膦酸0.15份、散尾葵7份、正硅酸甲酯0.2份、聚天冬氨酸0.7份、抑菌剂0.5份、pH调节剂0.0.8份、防锈剂0.8份、消泡剂0.15份、焊锡保护剂0.15份、染色剂0.005份。
本发明新型发动机冷却液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按照组分的重量份比称取各组分；
2)首先重量份的1，2-丙二醇、一缩二丙二醇、季戊四醇四酯、丙三醇、乙二醇、山梨醇、聚乙烯醚投入反应釜内，开启电动搅拌，调控电动搅拌转速为30～50r/min，控温80～90℃，向所述反应釜内加入重量份的安息香酸、乙二胺四乙酸、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑、癸二酸、异辛酸、氨基三甲叉膦酸、散尾葵、正硅酸甲酯、聚天冬氨酸、抑菌剂、防锈剂、消泡剂、焊锡保护剂，再向所述反应釜内缓缓加入pH调节剂至反应釜内物料充分溶解混合均匀，在加入重量份的染色剂，电动搅拌控速50～80r/min，搅拌2～3h，即可得到本发明新型发动机冷却液。
实施例3，本发明新型发动机冷却液，包括如下重量份的组分：1，2-丙二醇22份、一缩二丙二醇16份、季戊四醇四酯14份、丙三醇12份、乙二醇12份、山梨醇9份、聚乙烯醚6份、安息香酸2.5份、乙二胺四乙酸1.2份、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑1.2份、癸二酸0.7份、异辛酸0.25份、氨基三甲叉膦酸0.25份、散尾葵9份、正硅酸甲酯0.4份、聚天冬氨酸0.9份、抑菌剂0.7份、pH调节剂0.12份、防锈剂1.2份、消泡剂0.25份、焊锡保护剂0.25份、染色剂0.15份。
本发明新型发动机冷却液的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按照组分的重量份比称取各组分；
2)首先重量份的1，2-丙二醇、一缩二丙二醇、季戊四醇四酯、丙三醇、乙二醇、山梨醇、聚乙烯醚投入反应釜内，开启电动搅拌，调控电动搅拌转速为30～50r/min，控温80～90℃，向所述反应釜内加入重量份的安息香酸、乙二胺四乙酸、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑、癸二酸、异辛酸、氨基三甲叉膦酸、散尾葵、正硅酸甲酯、聚天冬氨酸、抑菌剂、防锈剂、消泡剂、焊锡保护剂，再向所述反应釜内缓缓加入pH调节剂至反应釜内物料充分溶解混合均匀，在加入重量份的染色剂，电动搅拌控速50～80r/min，搅拌2～3h，即可得到本发明新型发动机冷却液。
下面结合实验测试数据进一步说明本发明的有益效果，但本发明并不局限于以下实验测试数据：
测试例1，铸铝合金传热腐蚀试验，实验数据如表1。
表1：铸铝合金传热腐蚀试验表
铸铝合金传热腐蚀，mg/cm2
实施例1 0.15
实施例2 0.32
实施例3 0.35
测试例2，玻璃器皿腐蚀试验，实验数据如表3。
表2：玻璃器皿腐蚀试验表
玻璃器皿腐蚀试验(672小时，20％v/v，紫铜片)，mg/片
实施例1 0.6
实施例2 0.65
实施例3 0.62
测试3，温度测试，上述各实施例：冰点-50℃以下，沸点186℃，对汽车有机涂料无影响。
本发明的新型发动机冷却液，稳定性能高，不堵塞管道，防冻、防锈、抗结垢性高。车辆使用本发明新型发动机冷却液后，油门变轻；动力增强；提速加快顺滑；发动机噪音变小；停车打开水箱盖无压力。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种新型发动机冷却液，其特征在于，包括如下重量份的组分：1，2-丙二醇18～22份、一缩二丙二醇14～16份、季戊四醇四酯10～14份、丙三醇8～12份、乙二醇8～12份、山梨醇7～9份、聚乙烯醚4～6份、安息香酸1.5～2.5份、乙二胺四乙酸0.8～1.2份、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑0.8～1.2份、癸二酸0.5～0.7份、异辛酸01.5～02.5份、氨基三甲叉膦酸0.15～0.25份、散尾葵7～9份、正硅酸甲酯0.2～0.4份、聚天冬氨酸0.7～0.9份、抑菌剂0.5～0.7份、pH调节剂0.0.8～0.12份、防锈剂0.8～1.2份、消泡剂0.15～0.25份、焊锡保护剂0.15～02.5份、染色剂0.005～0.15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发动机冷却液，其特征在于，包括如下重量份的组分：1，2-丙二醇20份、一缩二丙二醇15份、季戊四醇四酯12份、丙三醇10份、乙二醇10份、山梨醇8份、聚乙烯醚5份、安息香酸2份、乙二胺四乙酸1份、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑1份、癸二酸0.6份、异辛酸0.2份、氨基三甲叉膦酸0.1份、散尾葵8份、正硅酸甲酯0.3份、聚天冬氨酸0.8份、抑菌剂0.6份、pH调节剂0.1份、防锈剂0.1份、消泡剂0.2份、焊锡保护剂0.2份、染色剂0.01份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发动机冷却液，其特征在于，所述pH调节剂为氢氧化钠。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发动机冷却液，其特征在于，所述染色剂为荧光黄、荧光红、ZTH红、纯黄、纯蓝中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发动机冷却液，其特征在于，所述消泡剂为聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚和聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯甘油醚的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发动机冷却液，其特征在于，所述焊锡保护剂为肉桂醛、肉桂酸钾、肉桂酸中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发动机冷却液，其特征在于，所述防锈剂为异辛酸、新葵酸中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发动机冷却液，其特征在于，所述抑菌剂为咪唑烷基脲、双咪唑烷基脲、异噻唑啉酮中的一种或多种。
9.一种新型发动机冷却液的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)按照组分的重量份比称取各组分；
2)首先重量份的1，2-丙二醇、一缩二丙二醇、季戊四醇四酯、丙三醇、乙二醇、山梨醇、聚乙烯醚投入反应釜内，开启电动搅拌，调控电动搅拌转速为30～50r/min，控温80～90℃，向所述反应釜内加入重量份的安息香酸、乙二胺四乙酸、5-甲基苯骈三氮唑、癸二酸、异辛酸、氨基三甲叉膦酸、散尾葵、正硅酸甲酯、聚天冬氨酸、抑菌剂、防锈剂、消泡剂、焊锡保护剂，再向所述反应釜内缓缓加入pH调节剂至反应釜内物料充分溶解混合均匀，在加入重量份的染色剂，电动搅拌控速50～80r/min，搅拌2～3h，即可得到本发明新型发动机冷却液。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种新型发动机冷却液的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤2)中pH调节剂加入量为调节本发明的新型发动机冷却液pH至9-10。
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