CN108565036B - Rapid removing equipment and removing method for radioactive contamination on surface of hard medium - Google Patents

Rapid removing equipment and removing method for radioactive contamination on surface of hard medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108565036B
CN108565036B CN201810163391.7A CN201810163391A CN108565036B CN 108565036 B CN108565036 B CN 108565036B CN 201810163391 A CN201810163391 A CN 201810163391A CN 108565036 B CN108565036 B CN 108565036B
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dust
pressure water
radioactive
pipeline
hard
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CN201810163391.7A
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CN108565036A (en
Inventor
王静
李坚
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Chinese People's Liberation Army 61489
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Chinese People's Liberation Army 61489
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/008Apparatus specially adapted for mixing or disposing radioactively contamined material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/001Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/02Treating gases
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06Processing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04Treating liquids
    • G21F9/20Disposal of liquid waste
    • G21F9/22Disposal of liquid waste by storage in a tank or other container
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28Treating solids
    • G21F9/30Processing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28Treating solids
    • G21F9/34Disposal of solid waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

A vacuum dust removal device and a plurality of sets of high-pressure water mist dust removal devices are respectively arranged on an equipment compartment body, dust suction ports of the vacuum dust removal devices are connected with a vacuum pump A after being connected with a filter screen through a dust suction pipeline A, a plurality of dust shielding bins of the plurality of sets of high-pressure water mist dust removal devices are respectively connected with the equipment compartment body through mechanical arms, high-pressure water pipelines in the dust shielding bins are connected with a water tank through a high-pressure water pump, a dust suction pipeline B is connected with a circulating filter device, the circulating filter device is respectively connected with a liquid waste depth filter, a solid waste storage bin and the vacuum pump B, and the liquid waste depth filter is communicated with the water tank through a filtered liquid return pipe; the invention can quickly finish contamination removal by one-time operation, has high decontamination rate, small waste amount and no secondary pollution, and can better solve the problem of quick and efficient removal of radioactive contamination on the surface of a hard medium.

Description

Rapid removing equipment and removing method for radioactive contamination on surface of hard medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radioactive contamination control and removal, in particular to a device and a method for quickly removing radioactive contamination on the surface of a hard medium.
Background
It is known that with the increasing perfection of nuclear energy application technology, the development and utilization of nuclear energy become more extensive, and great economic and social benefits are brought to human beings. In the processing and application links of nuclear fuel exploitation, transportation, processing, storage, nuclear waste disposal and the like, radioactive contamination is generated to different degrees; nuclear power station accidents, nuclear terrorist attacks, quasi-nuclear attacks, etc. can produce a large amount of radioactive contamination. At present, the method for removing radioactive contamination on the surface of hard medium mainly comprises the following steps: vacuum dust removal, high-pressure water washing, strippable film decontamination and the like; wherein, the vacuum dust removal is difficult to realize enough negative pressure in the engineering application field, the removal rate is low, and the effect is limited; although the high-pressure water washing can wash the radioactive contamination on the surface of the medium, a large amount of waste liquid can be generated to form secondary pollution; when the strippable film is used for decontamination, the film body drying and film forming time is greatly influenced by environmental factors such as wind, rain, snow and the like, the strippable film is difficult to be controllably used, and the drying and stripping time of the film body is long; the existing cleaning method can not well meet the cleaning requirement of the radioactive contamination engineering on the surface of the hard medium, and a disposal method capable of rapidly and efficiently cleaning the radioactive dust and particles is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention discloses a device and a method for quickly removing radioactive contamination on the surface of a hard medium.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hard medium surface radioactive contamination rapid clearing device comprises a vacuum dust removal device, a high-pressure water mist dust removal device and a device carriage body, wherein the device carriage body is respectively provided with the vacuum dust removal device and a plurality of sets of high-pressure water mist dust removal devices, the vacuum dust removal device comprises a dust collection port, a filter screen and a vacuum pump, and the dust collection port is connected with the vacuum pump A after being connected with the filter screen through a dust collection pipeline A; any set of high-pressure water mist dust removal device comprises a dust shielding bin, a water tank, a liquid waste depth filter, a filtering and circulating device and a solid waste storage bin, wherein the dust shielding bins are respectively connected with an equipment compartment body through mechanical arms, a high-pressure water pipeline and a dust suction pipeline B are respectively arranged in the dust shielding bins, the high-pressure water pipelines are respectively connected with the water tank through a high-pressure water pump, the dust suction pipeline B is connected with the circulating and filtering device, the filtering and circulating device is respectively connected with the liquid waste depth filter, the solid waste storage bin and a vacuum pump B, and the liquid waste depth filter is communicated with the water tank through a filtered liquid return pipe; the dust shielding bin is arranged to be cylindrical and provided with a cavity, the top of the dust shielding bin is provided with a hard disc, a plastic beam enclosure is arranged at the outer edge of the hard disc, a plurality of high-pressure water mist spray heads are uniformly arranged at the lower part of the hard disc at intervals, the middle of the hard disc is provided with a dust shielding bin dust suction port, and the dust shielding bin dust suction port is connected with the circulating filter device through a dust suction pipeline C.
The device for quickly removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium is characterized in that a plurality of dust suction ports are arranged and communicated with a dust suction pipeline A after being connected in parallel, and the dust suction pipelines A are the same in interval arrangement and length.
The device for quickly removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium is characterized in that a high-pressure water mist spray head in a dust shielding bin is connected with a high-pressure water pipeline.
The equipment for quickly removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium is characterized in that the vacuum dust removal device and the multiple sets of high-pressure water mist dust removal devices are arranged in the same occupied area.
The device for quickly removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium is characterized in that the hard disc is a metal disc.
A method for removing radioactive contamination on the surface of a hard medium by a rapid removing device specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) and removing radioactive floating dust:
the radioactive floating dust forms negative pressure by a vacuum pump A, is sucked into a dust suction pipeline A through a dust suction port and then is filtered by a filter screen, and the radioactive floating dust is removed;
(2) and high-pressure water mist dust removal:
the step is connected, the bottom end of the plastic beam enclosure is in close contact with the surface of the hard medium, and a constraint space for preventing radioactive dust from escaping and diffusing under the action of high-pressure water mist is formed; the high-pressure water mist spray head jet flow washes out strong adhesive force on the surface of a hard medium and radioactive pollutants in a gap, the hard medium is guided into the filtering and circulating device through a dust suction port in the middle of the top of the hard disc through a dust shielding bin, the filtering and circulating device is separated into radioactive liquid and solid matters through the dust suction port, the separated radioactive liquid is stored in a liquid waste deep filter, the separated solid matters are stored in a solid waste storage bin, and the liquid deep filter guides the deeply-treated liquid into a water tank through a filtrate return pipe for continuous use.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the equipment and the method for quickly removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium, disclosed by the invention, the contamination removal can be quickly finished through one-time operation of steps of removing radioactive floating dust and removing dust by using high-pressure water mist, the decontamination rate is high, the waste amount is small, secondary pollution is not generated, and the problem of quickly and efficiently removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium can be better solved; filtering and purifying the recovered radioactive dust containing water mist by a filtering and circulating device, and storing the solid waste and recycling the waste liquid after advanced treatment; the method of the invention has strong universality, and can be used for designing and manufacturing large-scale ground radioactive contamination removing equipment for field and road operation and small-scale ground and wall radioactive contamination removing equipment for narrow area operation according to the required removing environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the dust shielding bin of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a dust suction port; 2. a dust collection pipeline A; 3. a dust shielding bin; 4. a high pressure water line; 5. a dust collection pipeline B; 6. an equipment compartment; 7. a high pressure water pump; 8. a filter screen; 9. a water tank; 10. a vacuum pump A; 11. a filtered liquid return line; 12. a liquid waste depth filter; 13. a circulating filtration device; 14. a solid waste bin; 15. a vacuum pump B; 16. a high pressure water mist spray head; 17. a dust collection opening of the dust shielding bin; 18. enclosing by plastic bundles; 19. and a dust collection pipeline C.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained in detail by the following examples, which are disclosed for the purpose of protecting all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.
The hard medium surface radioactive contamination rapid removal device described with reference to fig. 1-2 comprises a vacuum dust removal device, a high-pressure water mist dust removal device and an equipment compartment body, wherein the upper part of the equipment compartment body is respectively provided with the vacuum dust removal device and a plurality of sets of high-pressure water mist dust removal devices, the vacuum dust removal device comprises a dust collection port 1, a filter screen 8 and a vacuum pump 10, and the dust collection port 1 is connected with the filter screen 8 through a dust collection pipeline A2 and then is connected with a vacuum pump A10; any set of high-pressure water mist dust removal device comprises a dust shielding bin 3, a water tank 9, a liquid waste deep filter 12, a circulating filter device 13 and a solid waste storage bin 14, wherein the dust shielding bins 3 are respectively connected with an equipment compartment body through mechanical arms, a high-pressure water pipeline 4 and a dust suction pipeline B5 are respectively arranged in each dust shielding bin 3, the high-pressure water pipelines 4 are respectively connected with the water tank 9 through a high-pressure water pump 7, a dust suction pipeline B5 is connected with the circulating filter device 13, the circulating filter device 13 is respectively connected with the liquid waste deep filter 12, the solid waste storage bin 14 and a vacuum pump B15, and the liquid waste deep filter 12 is communicated with the water tank 9 through a filtered liquid return pipe 11; the dust shielding bin 3 is set to be cylindrical and provided with a cavity, a hard disc is arranged at the top of the dust shielding bin 3, a plastic beam enclosure 18 is arranged at the outer edge of the hard disc, a plurality of high-pressure water mist spray nozzles 16 are uniformly arranged at the lower part of the hard disc at intervals, a dust shielding bin dust suction port 17 is arranged in the middle of the hard disc, and the dust shielding bin dust suction port 17 is connected with the circulating filter device 13 through a dust suction pipeline C19.
Hard medium surface radioactivity be infected with quick cleaning device, dust absorption mouth 1 is provided with a plurality ofly, communicates with the one end of many dust absorption pipelines A2 respectively, inserts filter screen 8 after many dust absorption pipelines A2's the other end is parallelly connected, many dust absorption pipelines A2's interval arrangement is the same, length is the same to guarantee that it is unanimous at whole width breadth dust removal effect.
The device for quickly removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium is characterized in that a high-pressure water mist nozzle 16 in a dust shielding bin 3 is connected with a high-pressure water pipeline 4.
The equipment for quickly removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium is characterized in that the vacuum dust removal device and the multiple sets of high-pressure water mist dust removal devices are arranged in the same occupied area.
The device for quickly removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium is characterized in that the hard disc is a metal disc.
A method for removing radioactive contamination on the surface of a hard medium by a rapid removing device specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) and removing radioactive floating dust:
the radioactive floating dust forms negative pressure by a vacuum pump A10, is sucked into the dust suction pipeline 2 through the dust suction port 1 and then is filtered by the filter screen 8, and the radioactive floating dust is removed;
(2) and high-pressure water mist dust removal:
the next step, the bottom end of the plastic beam enclosure 18 is tightly contacted with the surface of the hard medium, so as to form a constraint space for preventing radioactive dust from escaping and diffusing under the action of high-pressure water mist; the high-pressure water mist spray head 16 sprays water to wash out strong adhesive force on the surface of a hard medium and radioactive pollutants in gaps, the water is guided into the circulating filter device 13 through a dust suction port 17 in the middle of the top of the hard disc through a dust shielding bin C19 and is separated into radioactive liquid and solid matters, the separated radioactive liquid is stored in the liquid waste depth filter 12, the separated solid matters are stored in the solid waste storage bin 14, and the liquid waste depth filter 12 guides the deeply-treated liquid into the water tank 9 through the filtrate return pipe 11 for continuous use.
When the equipment and the method for quickly removing the radioactive contamination on the surface of the hard medium are implemented, in use, the radioactive floating dust forms negative pressure by the vacuum pump A10, is sucked into the dust suction pipeline 2 through the dust suction port 1 and then is filtered by the filter screen 8, and the radioactive floating dust is removed; then the bottom end of the plastic beam enclosure 18 is tightly contacted with the surface of the hard medium to form a constraint space for preventing radioactive dust from escaping and diffusing under the action of high-pressure water mist; the high-pressure water mist nozzles 16 in the multiple sets of dust shielding bins 3 are respectively connected with a high-pressure water pipeline 4, the dust suction ports 17 of the dust shielding bins 3 are connected with a dust suction pipeline B5, the high-pressure water pipelines 4 are connected with a water tank 9 through a high-pressure water pump 7, the high-pressure water mist nozzles 16 jet flow to wash out the strong adhesive force on the surface of the hard medium and radioactive pollutants in the gap, and then the hard medium is guided into the circulating filter device 13 through a dust suction port 17 of the dust shielding bin in the middle of the top of the hard disc by a dust suction pipeline 19, the radioactive liquid and the solid are separated by the vacuum pump B15, the solid waste is separated from the mixed waste to provide power by the vacuum pump B15, the separated radioactive liquid is stored in the liquid waste depth filter 12, the separated solid is stored in the solid waste storage bin 14, and the liquid waste depth filter 12 guides the deeply-processed liquid into the water tank 9 for further use through the filtrate return pipe 11.
The present invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
The embodiments selected for the purpose of disclosing the invention, are presently considered to be suitable, it being understood, however, that the invention is intended to cover all variations and modifications of the embodiments which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a quick clear away equipment of radioactive contamination on hard medium surface, includes vacuum dust collector, high-pressure water smoke dust collector and equipment railway carriage or compartment body, characterized by: the upper part of the equipment compartment body is respectively provided with a vacuum dust removal device and a plurality of sets of high-pressure water mist dust removal devices, the vacuum dust removal device comprises a dust collection port, a filter screen and a vacuum pump A, and the dust collection port is connected with the vacuum pump A after being connected with the filter screen through a dust collection pipeline A; any set of high-pressure water mist dust removal device comprises a dust shielding bin, a water tank, a liquid waste depth filter, a circulating filter device and a solid waste storage bin, wherein the dust shielding bins are respectively connected with an equipment compartment body through mechanical arms, a high-pressure water pipeline and a dust suction pipeline B are respectively arranged in the dust shielding bins, the high-pressure water pipelines are respectively connected with the water tank through a high-pressure water pump, the dust suction pipeline B is connected with the circulating filter device, the circulating filter device is respectively connected with the liquid waste depth filter, the solid waste storage bin and a vacuum pump B, and the liquid waste depth filter is communicated with the water tank through a filtered liquid return pipe; the dust shielding bin is arranged to be cylindrical and provided with a cavity, the top of the dust shielding bin is provided with a hard disc, a plastic beam enclosure is arranged at the outer edge of the hard disc, a plurality of high-pressure water mist spray heads are uniformly arranged at the lower part of the hard disc at intervals, the middle of the hard disc is provided with a dust shielding bin dust suction port, and the dust shielding bin dust suction port is connected with the circulating filter device through a dust suction pipeline C.
2. The apparatus for rapidly removing radioactive contamination from a surface of a hard medium according to claim 1, wherein: the dust absorption mouth is provided with a plurality ofly, respectively with many dust absorption pipeline A's one end intercommunication, inserts the filter screen after many dust absorption pipeline A's the other end is parallelly connected, and many dust absorption pipeline A's interval is arranged the same, and length is the same to guarantee at the unanimity of whole width breadth dust removal effect.
3. The apparatus for rapidly removing radioactive contamination from a surface of a hard medium according to claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure water mist spray head in the dust shielding bin is connected with a high-pressure water pipeline.
4. The apparatus for rapidly removing radioactive contamination from a surface of a hard medium according to claim 1, wherein: the vacuum dust removal device and the multiple sets of high-pressure water mist dust removal devices occupy the same area.
5. The apparatus for rapidly removing radioactive contamination from a surface of a hard medium according to claim 1, wherein: the hard disc is a metal disc.
6. A method for removing radioactive contamination from a surface of a hard medium by using the apparatus for rapid removal of radioactive contamination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) and removing radioactive floating dust:
the radioactive floating dust forms negative pressure by a vacuum pump A, is sucked into a dust suction pipeline A through a dust suction port and then is filtered by a filter screen, and the radioactive floating dust is removed;
(2) and high-pressure water mist dust removal:
the step is connected, the bottom end of the plastic beam enclosure is in close contact with the surface of the hard medium, and a constraint space for preventing radioactive dust from escaping and diffusing under the action of high-pressure water mist is formed; the high-pressure water mist spray head jet flow washes out strong adhesive force on the surface of a hard medium and radioactive pollutants in a gap, the hard medium is led into the circulating filter device through a dust suction port in the middle of the top of the hard disc through a dust shielding bin, the dust is separated into radioactive liquid and solid matters through the dust suction port, the separated radioactive liquid is stored in a liquid waste depth filter, the separated solid matters are stored in a solid waste storage bin, and the liquid waste depth filter leads the deeply-treated liquid into a water tank through a filtrate return pipe for continuous use.
CN201810163391.7A 2018-02-27 2018-02-27 Rapid removing equipment and removing method for radioactive contamination on surface of hard medium Active CN108565036B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2804567C1 (en) * 2023-03-21 2023-10-02 Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "ВОЕННАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ МАТЕРИАЛЬНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулева" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации Device for decontamination of armoured vehicles and equipment

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CN115055392A (en) * 2022-04-14 2022-09-16 华能山东石岛湾核电有限公司 High-temperature gas cooled reactor graphite nodule surface decontamination screening system and method

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RU2804567C1 (en) * 2023-03-21 2023-10-02 Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "ВОЕННАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ МАТЕРИАЛЬНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулева" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации Device for decontamination of armoured vehicles and equipment

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