CN108552190B

CN108552190B - Composition containing pyrimethanil and pyrisoxazole

Info

Publication number: CN108552190B
Application number: CN201810524910.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李健强; 刘础荣; 李迎宾; 罗来鑫; 蒋娜; 李志军; 董玥
Original assignee: China Agricultural University
Current assignee: China Agricultural University
Priority date: 2018-05-28
Filing date: 2018-05-28
Publication date: 2020-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-28
Also published as: CN108552190A

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition containing pyrimethanil and pyrimethanil, which comprises an active component A and an active component B, wherein the active component A is derived from pyrimethanil, the active component B is derived from pyrimethanil, and the weight percentage of the effective active components A and B is 2: 8-8: 2. The composition containing pyrisoxazole and pyrimethanil can be used for preventing and treating red date black spot, and has an obvious synergistic effect.

Description

Composition containing pyrimethanil and pyrisoxazole

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a composition containing pyrimethanil and pyrisoxazole, which is used for preventing and treating red date black spot.

Background

Pyrisoxazole (SYP-Z048), english name: pyrisoxazole, molecular formula: c₁₆H₁₇ClN_2OThe chemical name is N-methyl-3- (4-chloro) phenyl-5-methyl-5-pyridine-3-methyl-oxazoline, and the structural formula is as follows:

the pyridine bacteria oxazole is an agricultural bactericide which obtains independent intellectual property rights in China, has broad spectrum and outstanding in vitro bactericidal activity, has an action mechanism of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria by inhibiting the synthesis of sterol in cell walls of the pathogenic bacteria, mainly inhibits the growth of hyphae of the pathogenic bacteria, has the activity of prevention, treatment and systemic conduction, and has good activity on ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and anamorphic fungi under in vitro conditions. Different from the action mechanisms of carbendazim, procymidone, iprodione, diethofencarb and the like, the pyrisoxazole has no cross resistance, is commonly used for preventing and treating gray mold of crops such as tomatoes, cucumbers, beans, hot peppers and the like, and can also be used for preventing and treating alternaria mali, pear scab, tomato leaf mold and the like, but the application of the pesticide to the prevention and treatment of black spot of red dates is not reported.

Pyrimethanil, english name: pyrimethanil, molecular formula: c₁₂H₁₃N₃The chemical name is: n- (4, 6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl) aniline of the formula:

the pyrimethanil is an anilinopyrimidine bactericide, has a special effect on gray mold, and is one of the bactericides with the highest activity for preventing and treating gray mold of various plants such as vegetables at present. The action mechanism is to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria by inhibiting the biosynthesis of methionine of the pathogenic bacteria. Mainly inhibits the extension of germ tubes and the growth of hyphae of pathogenic bacteria, has certain inhibiting effect on spore germination in certain medication time, has the effects of protection and treatment, has the effects of systemic conduction and fumigation, and has activity on most fungi under the in vitro condition. Unlike most of the germicides in the market, pyrimethanil has no cross-resistance, and is commonly used for preventing and treating gray mold of crops such as cucumber, tomato, grape, strawberry, leek and the like, and scab, alternaria leaf spot and the like of fruit trees, but the application of the composition in preventing and treating black spot of red dates is not reported.

The black spot disease of red dates is caused by the infection of Alternaria tenuissima, pathogenic bacteria live through the winter on diseased residues, aged barks and dry branches and fallen leaves in soil with mature hypha and conidia, a large number of conidia are generated in the spring of the next year under the appropriate temperature and humidity conditions, and the pathogenic bacteria are spread by wind, rain, insects and farming operations. The invasion of pathogens is mainly through wounds or skin holes, but can also be directly invaded. The temperature is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is not lower than 70%, and the black spot disease can be caused to explode greatly after the temperature lasts for more than two weeks. In the later stage of disease development, the flesh of a diseased part is in a yellow brown to black spongy necrosis, the flesh is separated and can not be eaten, diseases are erupted in a large area in the fruit coloring period, the yield and the quality of fruits are seriously affected, and the prevention and the treatment of the diseases are one of key works in the production of red dates. The red dates have large rainfall and many times in the coloring period; the saline-alkali content of the soil is high; the cytokinins in the fruit expansion phase are not properly applied; the occurrence of diseases is aggravated by blind use of bactericides and the like.

In agricultural production, a common problem in controlling diseases is the generation of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria. The compounding of different varieties of components is a common method for preventing and treating disease-resistant germs. Different components are compounded, and whether a certain compound has synergism, addition or antagonism is judged according to the actual application effect. Through research of the inventor, the pyrimethanil and the pyrisoxazole are compounded with each other, so that a good synergistic effect is achieved in a certain range, and related compounding of the pyrimethanil and the pyrisoxazole is applied to prevention and treatment of black spot of red dates, and no related report is found at home and abroad at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a bactericide composition containing pyrisoxazole and pyrimethanil, which has a synergistic effect, can prevent the generation of drug resistance, is low in use cost and has a good field control effect.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a pesticide composition containing pyrisoxazole and pyrimethanil is characterized in that: A. the weight percentage of the two active components B is 8: 2-2: 8, the active component A is pyrisoxazole, and the active component B is pyrimethanil.

The pyrisoxazole (SYP-Z048) is named in English: pyrisoxazole, molecular formula: c₁₆H₁₇ClN_2OThe chemical name is N-methyl-3- (4-chloro) phenyl-5-methyl-5-pyridine-3-methyl-oxazoline.

The pyrimethanil, English name: pyrimethanil, molecular formula: c₁₂H₁₃N₃The chemical name is: n- (4, 6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl) aniline.

The weight percentage of pyrimethanil to pyrimethanil is preferably 8: 2.

The composition of the present invention may be diluted by the user before use or used directly, and its formulation may be prepared by a usual processing method.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the composition of pyrisoxazole and pyrimethanil has a remarkable synergistic effect in a certain range, and remarkably improves the control of target diseases compared with a single agent; (2) the active ingredient pyrisoxazole and the active ingredient pyrimethanil of the composition belong to bactericides with different action mechanisms and different action sites, and the mixing can effectively slow down the generation of drug resistance and prolong the service life of the pesticide; (3) the composition can effectively reduce the usage amount of pesticides and effectively reduce the problem of environmental pollution.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a morphological characteristic diagram of red date alternaria alternata (a.tenuissima).

Fig. 2 is a graph of the pathogenicity of red date black spot pathogen (a. tenuissima) to red date fruits.

Fig. 3 is a graph showing the inhibition of mycelial growth of cerrena nigra (a. tenuissima) by pyrimethanil.

Fig. 4 is a graph showing the inhibition of pyrisoxazole on the growth of hyphae of alternaria alternate (a. tenuissima).

FIG. 5 is pyrimethanil: the pyridine bacteria oxazole-8: 2 is used for inhibiting the hypha growth of red date black spot pathogen (A. tenuissima).

FIG. 6 is pyrimethanil: the pyrisoxazole is 7:3, and the growth of hypha of red date black spot pathogen (A. tenuissima) is inhibited.

FIG. 7 is pyrimethanil: the growth of hypha of red date black spot pathogen (A. tenuissima) is inhibited by the pyridine bacterium oxazole (6: 4).

FIG. 8 is pyrimethanil: the pyrisoxazole is 5:5, and the pyrisoxazole is used for inhibiting the growth of hypha of red date alternaria alternata (A. tenuissima).

FIG. 9 is pyrimethanil: the growth of hypha of red date black spot pathogen (A. tenuissima) is inhibited by 4: 6.

FIG. 10 is pyrimethanil: the pyrisoxazole is 3:7, and the growth of hypha of red date black spot pathogen (A. tenuissima) is inhibited.

FIG. 11 is pyrimethanil: the pyrisoxazole is 2:8, and the growth of hypha of red date black spot pathogen (A. tenuissima) is inhibited.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples

FIG. 1 is a morphological feature diagram of red date alternaria alternata (A. tenuissima), wherein A is a feature (positive) of a colony of red date alternaria alternata cultured on a PDA culture medium at 25 ℃; b is the characteristic (reverse side) of the colony cultured by the red date black spot germ on the PDA culture medium at 25 ℃; c is conidium.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the pathogenicity of red date black spot pathogen (A. tenuissima) to red date fruits, wherein A is the growth of pathogenic bacteria at wounds after needle-prick inoculation; and B, longitudinally cutting the red dates after needling inoculation.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the inhibition of mycelial growth of Aureobasidium polycephalum (A. tenuissima) by pyrimethanil, wherein the drug concentrations of the drug-carrying plates in the lower right corner are CK, 0.01, 0.05, 1, 5 and 10 μ g/mL from left to right.

Fig. 4 is a graph showing the inhibition of the mycelial growth of cercospora cubensis (a. tenuissima) by pyrisoxazole, wherein the drug concentration of the drug-carrying plate in the lower right corner is CK, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mug/mL from left to right.

FIG. 5 is pyrimethanil: the inhibition of the pyridine bacteria oxazole-8: 2 on the hypha growth of red date alternaria maculata (a. tenuissima), wherein the medicament concentration of the drug-carrying plate in the lower right corner is CK, 0.05, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mug/mL from left to right.

FIG. 6 is pyrimethanil: the inhibition of the pyridine bacteria oxazole-7: 3 on the hypha growth of red date alternaria maculata (a. tenuissima), wherein the medicament concentration of the drug-carrying plate in the lower right corner is CK, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mug/mL from left to right.

FIG. 7 is pyrimethanil: the inhibition of the pyridine bacteria oxazole-6: 4 on the hypha growth of red date alternaria maculata (a. tenuissima), wherein the medicament concentration of the drug-carrying plate in the lower right corner is CK, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mug/mL from left to right.

FIG. 8 is pyrimethanil: the inhibition of the pyrisoxazole to the hypha growth of red date black spot pathogen (a. tenuissima) is shown in a ratio of 5:5, wherein the medicament concentration of the drug-carrying plate in the lower right corner is CK, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mug/mL from left to right.

FIG. 9 is pyrimethanil: the inhibition of the pyrisoxazole to the hypha growth of red date alternaria maculata (a. tenuissima) is shown in a ratio of 4:6, wherein the medicament concentration of the drug-carrying plate in the lower right corner is CK, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 10 mug/mL from left to right.

FIG. 10 is pyrimethanil: the inhibition of the pyrisoxazole to the hypha growth of red date alternaria maculata (a. tenuissima) is shown in a ratio of 3:7, wherein the medicament concentration of the drug-carrying plate in the lower right corner is CK, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mug/mL from left to right.

The embodiment of the invention relates to a method for combining indoor toxicity measurement and field efficacy test.

Example 1

And (3) purifying and identifying the red date alternaria alternata.

The red date black spot bacterial strain is provided by professor royal orchid of plant science institute of Tarim university. The obtained strain was cultured on PDA plates (potato 200g, glucose 18g, agar powder 14g, deionized water 1L), and cultured in a dark incubator at 28 ℃ for 5d for activation (FIG. 1).

Extracting pathogenic bacteria genome DNA by adopting a CTAB method, then carrying out PCR amplification by adopting primers ITS1 (5'-TCCGTAGGTGA ACCTGCGG-3') and ITS4 (5'-CCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3'), sending the obtained PCR product to Bomeide company for sequencing, carrying out data comparison (https:// blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /) on the obtained sequence in an NCBI database, and obtaining a comparison result of red date black spot pathogenic bacteria Alternaria tenuissima (A.tenuissima).

And (3) red date pathogenicity test, namely, punching a mycelium block at the tail end of red date alternaria schoberia in a dark incubator at 28 ℃ for 5 days by using a 5mm puncher, inoculating the mycelium block to the surface of red dates with the epidermis punctured by using a sterile inoculating needle, culturing the mycelium block in the dark incubator at 28 ℃ for 7 days, and observing the pathogenicity of the red date alternaria schoberia to red date fruits (figure 2).

Example 2

The indoor toxicity of the pyrisoxazole and the pyrimethanil compounded on the red date black spot pathogen is measured.

The embodiment of the invention adopts a method combining indoor toxicity measurement and field test. Firstly, determining the Synergistic Ratio (SR) of two medicaments compounded according to a certain proportion by indoor toxicity determination, wherein SR < 0.5 is antagonistic action, SR < 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5 is additive action, and SR > 1.5 is synergistic action, and then performing field efficacy test on the basis.

Indoor toxicity determination method for crop diseases by compounding pyrisoxazole and pyrimethanil

After the effective inhibition concentration range of each medicament is determined by pre-test, each medicament is respectively designed with 5 doses according to the content of effective components for treatment, and clear water is set for comparison. The toxicity of the medicament to crop germs is determined by adopting a hypha growth rate method according to 'indoor pesticide bioassay test standard bactericide'. After culturing in a dark incubator at 28 ℃ for 5 days, the colony diameter was measured by the cross method, and the net growth amount and the hypha growth inhibition ratio of each treatment were calculated (FIGS. 3 to 11).

Net growth (mm) — measurement of colony diameter-5

The logarithm of concentration set in the test is used as the abscissa (x), the value of the inhibition rate is used as the ordinate (y), the toxicity regression curve equation y of each drug to the tested pathogenic bacteria is obtained as a + bx, and the effective inhibition mid-concentration (EC) of each drug is calculated from the equation₅₀). Finally according to EC₅₀And analyzing and comparing the influence of different bactericides on the growth of hyphae of the tested pathogenic bacteria. Meanwhile, calculating the Synergistic Ratio (SR) of the two medicaments combined in different proportions according to the Wadley method; evaluating the combination effect type of the mixture according to the Synergistic Ratio (SR), wherein SR < 0.5 is antagonistic action, SR < 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5 is additive action, and SR > 1.5 is synergistic action. The calculation formula is as follows:

SR＝EC_{50 (theoretical value)}/EC_{50 (observed value)}

Wherein: a. b is the proportion of the corresponding single agent in the combination respectively;

a is pyrisoxazole;

b is pyrimethanil;

the medicament is provided by the research room of seed pathology and bactericide pharmacology of the plant pathology department of the plant protection institute of Chinese agriculture university.

Results of virulence determination

TABLE 1 toxicity test results of pyrisoxazole, pyrimethanil and its compound agent against red jujube black spot pathogen

As can be seen from Table 1, EC of pyrisoxazole and pyrimethanil on black spot pathogen of red jujube₅₀0.64. mu.g/mL and 2.99. mu.g/mL, respectively. When the ratio of the pyrisoxazole to the pyrimethanil is 8:2 to 2:8, the synergistic coefficient SR is more than 0.5, which shows that the synergistic ratio SR is the largest when the weight percentage of the pyrisoxazole to the pyrimethanil is 8:2 to 2:8, and the synergistic effect is most obvious.

Example 3

Test of field efficacy of pyrisoxazole, pyrimethanil and compound agent thereof

The test is arranged in the Happy fruit industry company of Aksu area of Xinjiang province, 25% of pyrisoxazole missible oil (purchased in market) in the test medicament is provided by Shenyang Kechuang chemical company Limited, and 40% of pyrimethanil suspending agent (purchased in market) is provided by Zhonglv nong science and technology group company.

The medicine is applied at the initial stage of disease onset, the medicine is applied for the second time after seven days, the medicine is applied for 2 times totally, and the disease transmission condition is investigated 7 days after the second medicine application to calculate the disease index and the prevention effect. The test results are shown below:

TABLE 2 Pyridinioxazole, pyrimethanil and its mixture for preventing and treating black spot of red date field efficacy test

As can be seen from the table 2, the pyrisoxazole and pyrimethanil can effectively prevent and treat the black spot disease of the red dates after being compounded, and the prevention and treatment effects are superior to those of a single agent. Has no adverse effect on target crops in the application range of the test.

The above embodiments describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail. It will be clear that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes, but any changes equivalent or similar to the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of a composition consisting of pyrisoxazole and pyrimethanil in preventing and treating red date black spot is characterized in that: the weight ratio of the two active components A to B is 8:2, the active component A is pyrisoxazole, and the active component B is pyrimethanil.