CN108550984B - GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna - Google Patents
GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108550984B CN108550984B CN201810208458.4A CN201810208458A CN108550984B CN 108550984 B CN108550984 B CN 108550984B CN 201810208458 A CN201810208458 A CN 201810208458A CN 108550984 B CN108550984 B CN 108550984B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna, which comprises an antenna housing, an antenna radiation plate, a low-noise amplification printing plate and a low-noise amplification mounting plate, wherein the antenna housing is covered on the upper surface of the low-noise amplification mounting plate, a groove is formed in the middle of the low-noise amplification mounting plate, the low-noise amplification printing plate is arranged on the upper surface of the low-noise amplification mounting plate, the antenna radiation plate is stacked on the low-noise amplification printing plate, a row of tunable metal rods is inserted into each of the four sides of the antenna radiation plate, an inner conductor is embedded in the antenna radiation plate and is electrically connected with the low-noise amplification printing plate, and electromagnetic signal energy received by the antenna radiation plate is transmitted to the low-noise amplification printing plate through the inner conductor for signal processing. The microstrip antenna has the advantages of remarkably reduced size, high gain in performance, wide standing wave bandwidth and large angle range covered by a directional diagram, and is still reliable and stable in a high overload impact environment due to the fact that the antenna radiation plate made of composite materials is selected and the elastic damping encapsulating material is filled around the antenna radiation plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of satellite navigation systems, and particularly relates to a GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna.
Background
In principle, wireless communication and radar communication systems achieve different functions through the transmission and reception processes of electromagnetic waves, and structurally comprise antennas, transmitters, receivers, signal processors and the like. The communication frequency in the system is limited by the working frequency bandwidth of the antenna, and if the working frequency bandwidth of the antenna is exceeded, the directional diagram of the antenna is deteriorated, the performance is reduced, and the communication quality is adversely affected.
In order to accurately control the flight process of an aircraft to be tested, particularly a small missile, various parameter indexes from a satellite navigation system need to be received in real time through a positioning antenna attached to the small aircraft in an aerospace radar communication system, however, generally, the flight speed of a target to be tested is high, the elevation angle change to the ground is large, in order to ensure the complete reception of navigation data and adapt to the situation that the flight speed of the target to be tested is high and the elevation angle change to the ground is large, a receiving antenna working in the frequency band of a GPS or BD2, high low elevation gain and high axial gain needs to be selected.
In the present satellite navigation system, a receiving antenna working in multiple frequency bands usually selects a double microstrip antenna patch in a circular polarization mode as the receiving antenna, the double microstrip patch antenna is generally installed on two sides of a target to be detected, signal receiving is realized through the microstrip antenna, because electromagnetic interference exists during the working of the double antenna, gain requirements cannot be met at certain angles possibly, and therefore the integrity of positioning data is difficult to guarantee. More importantly, if a wider operating band is required, multiple microstrip antennas are combined. In addition to the above problems, a microstrip antenna scheme disclosed in CN201520832207, which uses two layers of antenna elements for stacking, operates in the GPS band and the BD2 band, has a wire cover size of 79.8mm × 69.7mm × 100mm, and a cavity size of 150mm × 106.2mm × 22mm, which is smaller than the conventional antenna but still larger than the conventional antenna in size relative to a small aircraft, especially a missile, however, the reduction in size of the antenna may reduce the antenna gain and thus affect the receiving effect of the antenna. Meanwhile, a ceramic substrate with a high dielectric constant is generally used for a miniaturized microstrip antenna, but the miniaturized microstrip antenna is fragile in ceramic material and not suitable for a high overload impact environment, so that a receiving antenna which is small in size, large in structural strength, capable of working in a frequency band of a GPS or BD2, high in low elevation gain and high in axial gain is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks and needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna, which significantly reduces the size of the antenna by improving the microstrip antenna structure, and keeps high gain, wide standing wave bandwidth and wide angle coverage of the directional pattern in performance, and at the same time, selects an antenna radiation plate made of composite material and fills an elastic damping potting material around the antenna radiation plate to make it still reliable and stable in a high overload impact environment.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna, comprising a radome, an antenna radiation plate, a low-noise emission printing plate and a low-noise emission mounting plate, wherein the low-noise emission printing plate is used as a microstrip antenna device mounting substrate for mounting various components, the radome is covered on an upper surface of the low-noise emission mounting plate, a cavity for accommodating the low-noise emission printing plate and the antenna radiation plate is formed in a space in the radome therebetween, a groove is formed in a middle portion of the low-noise emission mounting plate, the low-noise emission printing plate is mounted on the upper surface of the low-noise emission mounting plate and covers the groove, the antenna radiation plate is stacked on the low-noise emission printing plate, wherein the antenna radiation plate has a square structure, is made of a composite material having a dielectric constant lower than that of a ceramic substrate, and is connected to the low-noise emission printing plate after back surface thereof is etched, the front photoetching is provided with a radiation patch with a groove and a chamfer, a row of tunable metal rods are inserted into four sides of an antenna radiation plate respectively and used for micro-tuning antenna parameters, an inner conductor is embedded in the antenna radiation plate and electrically connected with a low-noise amplification printing plate for feeding, a high-frequency cable penetrates through a groove of the low-noise amplification mounting plate and then is connected with the low-noise amplification printing plate, and electromagnetic signal energy received by the antenna radiation plate is transmitted to the low-noise amplification printing plate through the inner conductor for signal processing.
As a further improvement of the invention, the low-noise-emission mounting plate is provided with a groove in the middle to form a mounting part for mounting the low-noise-emission printing plate, the peripheral edge of the low-noise-emission mounting plate is matched with the end part of the antenna housing, and the groove is formed in the center of the mounting part.
As a further improvement of the invention, the antenna radiation plate is integrated with the low-noise emission printing plate through soldering tin and is jointed with the low-noise emission mounting plate through screws.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the gap between the radome and the antenna radiation plate below the front surface of the antenna radiation plate is filled with an elastic damping material.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the radiation patch realizes circular polarization by corner cut.
As a further improvement of the invention, the antenna radiation plate is made of a material with a dielectric constant of 14-16, and the size is (20-22) mmX (2-4) mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the radome has a dielectric constant of 2-5, and has dimensions of (23-24) mmX (40-44) mmX (10-11) mm and a thickness of 1-2 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the radiating patch is preferably (16-18) mm x (16-18) mm in size and 0.015-0.025 mm in thickness.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) in the microstrip antenna, the antenna radiation plate with the square structure selects a material with higher dielectric constant, and tuning metal rods are inserted into the periphery of the antenna radiation plate, and the special square structure and the selection of the material with higher dielectric constant keep the performances of higher antenna gain, standing wave bandwidth and directional diagram, effectively reduce the size of the antenna and realize the miniaturization of the antenna applied to the field of GPS/BD 2.
2) In the microstrip antenna, the antenna radiation plate made of composite materials is adopted, and the elastic damping materials are filled and sealed at the periphery of the antenna radiation plate, so that the microstrip antenna can still keep reliable and stable in a high overload impact environment due to the damping effect of the elastic materials.
3) The microstrip antenna can be used for satellite navigation systems of aircrafts such as small missiles and the like, and is also suitable for ground miniaturized navigation systems.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a miniaturized microstrip antenna in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the standing wave of a miniaturized microstrip antenna in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a gain diagram of the E-plane of the miniaturized microstrip antenna in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a gain diagram of the H-plane of the miniaturized microstrip antenna in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the E-plane axis ratio of the miniaturized microstrip antenna in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic H-plane axial ratio diagram of a miniaturized microstrip antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
in all the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same features, in particular: the antenna comprises a 1-antenna housing, a 2-antenna radiation plate, a 3-low-noise amplification printing plate, a 4-low-noise amplification mounting plate, a 5-inner conductor and a 6-high-frequency cable.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a miniaturized microstrip antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the microstrip antenna of the present embodiment includes an antenna cover 1, an antenna radiation plate 2, a low-noise emission printed plate 3, and a low-noise emission mounting plate 4. Low noise is put printing board 3 and is put 4 upper surfaces as microstrip antenna device mounting substrate for the installation of various components and parts, mounting panel is put to the low noise to radome 1 cover is established and is put 4 upper surfaces at the low noise to the cover inner space between the two forms and is used for holding the cavity that installation low noise was put printing board 3 and antenna radiation board 2, and low noise is put printing board 3 and antenna radiation board 2 and is stacked and install on the upper surface that mounting panel 4 was put to the low noise in the cover body.
As shown in fig. 1, a groove is formed in the middle of the low-noise mounting plate 4 to serve as a mounting portion for mounting the low-noise mounting plate 3, the peripheral edge of the low-noise mounting plate 4 is used for end-fitting with the radome 1, and the radome 1 is mounted on the peripheral edge of the low-noise mounting plate 4 by end-fitting, for example, preferably by means of fixed mounting means such as bonding or detachable mounting means such as screws, so that the radome can be mounted on the low-noise mounting plate 4 and a device mounting space of a microstrip antenna is formed in the radome 1. The mounting portion is preferably recessed centrally in its surface for the signal cable to pass through the mounting portion and connect to the low noise emission printed board 3 mounted thereon. The outer peripheral surface of the mounting part is used as a mounting surface, the low-noise emission printing plate 3 is arranged on the mounting part, preferably, the low-noise emission printing plate 3 is erected on the mounting part, namely, the middle part of the low-noise emission printing plate covers the groove, and the outer peripheral edge of the low-noise emission printing plate is erected on the mounting surface at the edge of the groove of the mounting part, and the low-noise emission printing plate 3 is preferably tightly attached to the mounting part through screws and can also be fixedly connected in other connection modes.
As shown in fig. 1, the antenna radiation plate 2 and the low noise emission printed board 3 are fixedly connected, preferably, integrally bonded by solder. In this embodiment, the antenna radiation plate 2 is a square structure, such as a square or rectangle, and is made of a composite material having a dielectric constant lower than that of a ceramic substrate, and the back surface of the antenna radiation plate is connected to the low-noise-emission printed board 3 after photolithography, and the front surface of the antenna radiation plate is prepared with radiation patches having grooves and cut corners by photolithography. The radiating patches may be circularly polarized by corner cuts.
In the scheme, a row of tunable metal rods are respectively inserted into four sides of the square antenna radiation plate 2 and used for tuning antenna parameters slightly. The antenna radiation plate 2 is embedded with an inner conductor 5, the antenna radiation plate is electrically connected with the low-noise amplification printing plate 3 and used for feeding, the high-frequency cable 6 is placed at the bottom of the installation plate 4 through low noise and extends into the groove of the installation part and is connected with the low-noise amplification printing plate 3, and the electromagnetic signal energy received by the antenna radiation plate 2 is transmitted to the low-noise amplification printing plate 3 through the inner conductor 5 and is subjected to signal processing.
According to the scheme, the antenna radiation plate with the square structure is selected, the shape of the antenna radiation plate is different from that of a common circular antenna radiation plate, tunable metal rods are inserted into the periphery of the antenna radiation plate, the metal tuning rods on the antenna radiation plate 2 are adjusted to reduce the resonance point of the antenna, and meanwhile, the electric field and magnetic field distribution of the working frequency band of the antenna are obtained from Maxwell equations by combining the selected material with higher dielectric constant, so that the antenna can be found to have large gain on the frequency bands of GPS-L1(1575.42 +/-1.023 MHz) and BD2-B1(1561.098 +/-2.046 MHz) and the directional diagram of the antenna can work within +/-80 degrees.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, an elastic damping material is preferably filled and sealed in a gap between the radome 1 and the antenna radiation plate 2, which is located below the front surface of the antenna radiation plate 2, or an elastic damping material may be filled and sealed in a gap between the radome 1 and the low noise radiation mounting plate 3, which is located below the front surface of the low noise radiation mounting plate, or other gaps may be filled and sealed and filled with the elastic damping material. After the elastic damping material is filled in the filling and sealing mode, the shape of the elastic damping material can be changed when the speed is changed, when the antenna receives impact, the impact force acts on the low-noise placing plate and can be buffered through the action of the damping material, so that the impact force applied to devices such as an antenna radiation plate is obviously reduced, and the reliability and stability of the antenna can be still kept in a high overload impact environment.
In a preferred embodiment, the antenna radiation plate 2 is made of a material having a dielectric constant of 14 to 16, such as a microwave composite substrate material, and has a size of (20 to 22) mm × (2 to 4) mm, such as 20mm × 20mm × 2mm,21mm × 21mm × 3mm,22mm × 22mm × 3mm,24mm × 24mm × 4mm, and so on.
Preferably, the radome is made of a material having a dielectric constant of 2 to 5, and preferably has a size of (23 to 24) mm x (40 to 44) mm x (10 to 11) mm (radian phi 88mm), for example, 23mm x 40mm, 23mm x 41mm,24mm x 42mm,24mm x 44mm, etc., and may have a thickness of 1mm to 2 mm. The radiating patch is preferably made of copper or gold, and preferably has a size of (16-18) mm x (16-18) mm and a thickness of 0.015-0.025 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the radome is made of a material with a dielectric constant of 4.5, the size is 24mm multiplied by 44mm multiplied by 10.95mm (radian phi 88mm), and the thickness is 1.5 mm. In another preferred embodiment, the antenna radiation plate is made of a material with a dielectric constant of 14, the size of the antenna radiation plate is 20.5mm multiplied by 20.5mm, the thickness of the antenna radiation plate is 3.5mm, the radiation patch is made of a copper-plated material, the size of the radiation patch is 16.7mm multiplied by 17.2mm, and the thickness of the radiation patch is 0.018 mm.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave of a microstrip antenna of a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the standing wave of the microstrip antenna is less than 2 in the GPS-L1(1575.42 ± 1.023MHz) and BD2-B1(1561.098 ± 2.046MHz) frequency bands, fig. 3 and fig. 4 are schematic diagrams of gains of the E-plane and H-plane of the microstrip antenna frequency band, respectively, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the E-plane and H-plane gains of the antenna are greater than-5 dB and the maximum gain is greater than 3dB in the range of ± 80 ° in the GPS-L1(1575.42 ± 1.023MHz) and BD2-B1(1561.098 ± 2.046MHz) frequency bands, and fig. 5 and fig. 6 are schematic diagrams of axial ratios of the E-plane and H-plane of the microstrip antenna, respectively, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the E-plane and H-plane gains of the microstrip antenna are less than axial ratios of the axial directions of 0 ° of the GPS-L1(1575.42 ± 1.023MHz) and the BD 1 (582 MHz) frequency bands. The electrical properties of the above-mentioned fig. 2 to fig. 6 of the embodiment of the present invention are simulation results in a small missile carrier simulation environment.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna housing (1), an antenna radiation plate (2), a low-noise amplification printing plate (3) and a low-noise amplification mounting plate (4), wherein the low-noise amplification printing plate (3) is used as a microstrip antenna device mounting substrate and used for mounting various components, the antenna housing (1) is covered on the upper surface of the low-noise amplification mounting plate (4), and a cavity for accommodating and mounting the low-noise amplification printing plate (3) and the antenna radiation plate (2) is formed in the space between the antenna housing and the low-noise amplification printing plate;
the low-noise radiation plate is characterized in that a groove is formed in the middle of the low-noise radiation mounting plate (4), the low-noise radiation printing plate (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the low-noise radiation mounting plate (4) and covers the groove, the antenna radiation plate (2) is arranged on the low-noise radiation printing plate (3) in a stacking mode, the antenna radiation plate (2) is of a square structure and is made of a composite material with a dielectric constant lower than that of a ceramic substrate, the back of the antenna radiation plate is connected with the low-noise radiation printing plate (3) after photoetching, and a radiation patch with a groove and a chamfer is manufactured on the front of the antenna radiation plate;
a row of tunable metal rods are inserted into four sides of the antenna radiation plate (2) respectively and used for micro-tuning antenna parameters, an inner conductor (5) is embedded in the antenna radiation plate (2) and electrically connected with the low-noise amplification printing plate (3) for feeding, a high-frequency cable (6) penetrates through a groove of the low-noise amplification mounting plate (4) and then is connected with the low-noise amplification printing plate (3), and electromagnetic signal energy received by the antenna radiation plate (2) is transmitted to the low-noise amplification printing plate (3) through the inner conductor (5) to be subjected to signal processing;
the antenna is characterized in that elastic damping materials are filled and sealed in a gap between the antenna cover (1) and the antenna radiation plate (2) and below the front face of the antenna radiation plate (2), the antenna radiation plate (2) is made of materials with dielectric constants of 14-16, and the sizes of the materials are (20-22) mmX (2-4) mm.
2. The GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein the groove wall end face of the groove in the middle of the low noise amplification mounting plate (4) forms a mounting part for mounting the low noise amplification printing plate (3), the peripheral edge of the low noise amplification mounting plate (4) is used for matching with the end of the antenna housing (1), and the groove is opened in the center of the mounting part.
3. The GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antenna radiation plate (2) is connected to the low noise emission printed board (3) by soldering and integrated with the low noise emission mounting board (4) by screwing.
4. The GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the radiating patch achieves circular polarization by corner cut.
5. A GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the radiating patch size is (16-18) mm x (16-18) mm and thickness is 0.015-0.025 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810208458.4A CN108550984B (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2018-03-14 | GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810208458.4A CN108550984B (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2018-03-14 | GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna |
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| CN108550984A CN108550984A (en) | 2018-09-18 |
| CN108550984B true CN108550984B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| CN201810208458.4A Active CN108550984B (en) | 2018-03-14 | 2018-03-14 | GPS/BD2 microstrip antenna |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111308425A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | Speed measuring Doppler radar vibration damper |
| CN109728401B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-04-13 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | High-gain multi-frequency-band navigation antenna |
| CN114243286B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-07-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Anti-vibration and anti-impact microstrip feed antenna structure |
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| CN203787569U (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-08-20 | 西安希德电子信息技术有限公司 | Time service antenna for Beidou navigation reception equipment |
| CN203883133U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-10-15 | 西安希德电子信息技术有限公司 | Beidou seven-unit satellite navigation anti-interference antenna |
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| CN104505599A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-04-08 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Satellite navigation positioning antenna |
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| CN103138047A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2013-06-05 | 苏州市吴通天线有限公司 | Double frequency high-low elevation gain global navigation satellite system (GNSS) aerial |
| CN202940332U (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-05-15 | 西安希德电子信息技术有限公司 | Three-system aviation type antenna |
| CN203277655U (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-11-06 | 西安希德电子信息技术有限公司 | Miniaturized BD2 B3 four-unit satellite navigation anti-interference antenna array |
| CN204947097U (en) * | 2015-08-29 | 2016-01-06 | 西安希德电子信息技术股份有限公司 | The Big Dipper three is navigation antenna frequently |
| CN106654577B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2019-11-29 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | A kind of small multi-frequency onboard satellite navigation antenna |
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2018
- 2018-03-14 CN CN201810208458.4A patent/CN108550984B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203787569U (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-08-20 | 西安希德电子信息技术有限公司 | Time service antenna for Beidou navigation reception equipment |
| CN203883133U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-10-15 | 西安希德电子信息技术有限公司 | Beidou seven-unit satellite navigation anti-interference antenna |
| CN204243168U (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-04-01 | 中国人民解放军63961部队 | The hi-Fix directional antenna of the Big Dipper and GPS compatibility |
| CN104505599A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-04-08 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Satellite navigation positioning antenna |
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