CN108550765A - A kind of lithium ion battery separator, its processing method and lithium ion battery - Google Patents

A kind of lithium ion battery separator, its processing method and lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108550765A
CN108550765A CN201810301187.7A CN201810301187A CN108550765A CN 108550765 A CN108550765 A CN 108550765A CN 201810301187 A CN201810301187 A CN 201810301187A CN 108550765 A CN108550765 A CN 108550765A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lithium ion
magnesium
ion battery
diaphragm
processing method
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Pending
Application number
CN201810301187.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谢红波
陈海初
陈振兵
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HUNAN GRAND-PRO ROBOT TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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HUNAN GRAND-PRO ROBOT TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810301187.7A priority Critical patent/CN108550765A/en
Publication of CN108550765A publication Critical patent/CN108550765A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/654Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/431Inorganic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, a kind of lithium ion battery separator, its processing method and lithium ion battery are specifically disclosed.This method is reacted by the magnesium salts adhered on diaphragm with alkaline solution, and magnesium hydroxide is generated on diaphragm.The present invention substitutes aluminium oxide using fire proofing magnesium hydroxide, with fire retarding effect, when heat, magnesium hydroxide not only generates thermal insulation, the function of also absorbing heat, when short circuit occurs for inside battery point, antimony oxide can absorb heat rapidly, temperature is set to reduce rapidly, to make battery that on fire, explosion not occur.Battery is manufactured by the diaphragm that the method for the present invention is handled, the security performance of battery significantly improves.

Description

A kind of lithium ion battery separator, its processing method and lithium ion battery
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, and in particular to a kind of lithium ion battery separator, its processing method and Lithium ion battery.
Background technology
It in the used ceramic diaphragm of lithium ion battery, is generally applied using aluminium oxide, aluminium oxide has heat-insulated effect Fruit, when internal short-circuit of battery, the temperature of short dot drastically increases, and aluminium oxide plays heat-blocking action, makes heat indiffusion, diaphragm It does not shrink, resistance value short dot is not spread further, to prevent battery explosion.
But since aluminium oxide only has heat insulation, without further flame retardant effect, when short circuit occurs for inside battery, oxygen Changing aluminium only delays further widened effect, the probability of battery catches fire still bigger than normal.Therefore, research and develop a kind of lithium ion battery every The new processing method of film makes diaphragm not only have thermal insulation, also absorbs the function of heat, when the generation of inside battery point is short Lu Shi, antimony oxide can absorb heat rapidly, and temperature is made to reduce rapidly, to make battery that on fire, explosion not occur.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of processing method of lithium ion battery separator, this method by the magnesium salts that adheres on diaphragm with Alkaline solution reacts, and magnesium hydroxide is generated on diaphragm.
Preferably, the processing method of above-mentioned lithium ion battery separator, specifically includes following steps:
(1) diaphragm is immersed in magnesium salt solution, is dried in 90~110 DEG C, obtain the diaphragm of attachment magnesium salts;
(2) alkaline solution even application is shelved into reaction to the membrane surface of above-mentioned attachment magnesium salts, after washing, in 90~ 110 DEG C are dried;
(3) magnesium hydroxide particle of the membrane surface after that removes that step (2) obtains dry, the diaphragm that obtains that treated.
Wherein, the processing method of above-mentioned lithium ion battery separator, magnesium salts described in step (1) be magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate and At least one of magnesium nitrate;Preferably, the magnesium salts is magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate or magnesium nitrate.
Wherein, the processing method of above-mentioned lithium ion battery separator, the molar concentration of magnesium in magnesium salt solution described in step (1) For 0.1~5mol/L, for example, 2~5mol/L, illustratively, the molar concentration of magnesium is 0.1mol/L, 2mol/L, 4mol/L, 5mol/L。
Wherein, the processing method of above-mentioned lithium ion battery separator, alkaline solution described in step (2) are sodium hydroxide solution Or potassium hydroxide solution.
Wherein, the processing method of above-mentioned lithium ion battery separator, a concentration of the 0.1 of alkaline solution described in step (2)~ 2mol/L, for example, a concentration of 0.1mol/L, 0.5mol/L, 1mol/L, 2mol/L.
Wherein, the processing method of above-mentioned lithium ion battery separator, shelved described in step (2) reaction time be 10~ 20min。
Wherein, the processing method of above-mentioned lithium ion battery separator, washing described in step (2) are to be washed repeatedly with pure water, For example, washing 3~5 times.
Wherein, the processing method of above-mentioned lithium ion battery separator, the reset mode of magnesium hydroxide particle described in step (3) In such a way that hairbrush is gently brushed.
The present invention also provides the lithium ion battery separator obtained by above-mentioned processing method, the surface of the diaphragm applies hydrogen-oxygen Change magnesium, the thickness of the magnesium hydroxide is 0.1~30 micron, such as 0.3~27 micron, 3~20 microns, 5~15 microns.
The present invention also provides a kind of lithium ion battery, which includes above-mentioned lithium ion battery separator.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention substitutes aluminium oxide using fire proofing magnesium hydroxide, has fire retarding effect, when heat, magnesium hydroxide is not Thermal insulation is only generated, the function of heat is also absorbed, when short circuit occurs for inside battery point, magnesia absorbs heat rapidly, makes Temperature reduces rapidly, to make battery that on fire, explosion not occur.Battery, electricity are manufactured by the diaphragm that the method for the present invention is handled The security performance in pond significantly improves.
Specific implementation mode
Further detailed description is done to technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.The following example It is merely illustrative the ground description and interpretation present invention, and is not necessarily to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is all to be based on this hair In the range of the technology that bright the above is realized is encompassed by the present invention is directed to protect.
Unless otherwise indicated, the raw materials and reagents used in following embodiment are commercial goods, or can be by It is prepared by perception method.
Embodiment 1
Diaphragm (model Cegard 23) is immersed in magnesium nitrate solution, the molar concentration of magnesium is 0.1mol/L, waits for diaphragm It after being impregnated with completely, being placed at 100 DEG C and dries, then by sodium hydroxide solution, a concentration of 0.5mol/L is uniformly sprayed onto membrane surface, It shelves after ten minutes, immerses in pure water and wash repeatedly, dried at 100 DEG C, membrane surface is gently brushed with hairbrush, brushes off and is attached to diaphragm The magnesium hydroxide particle on surface obtains processing metacneme.After testing, the thickness of magnesium hydroxide is 0.3 micron on diaphragm.
Embodiment 2
Diaphragm (egard 23) is immersed in magnesium salts magnesium nitrate solution, the molar concentration of magnesium is 2mol/L, waits for that diaphragm is complete It after being impregnated with, is placed at 100 DEG C and dries, then by sodium hydroxide solution, a concentration of 0.5mol/L is uniformly sprayed onto membrane surface, shelves After ten minutes, it immerses in pure water and washs repeatedly, dried at 100 DEG C, membrane surface is gently brushed with hairbrush, brushes off and is attached to membrane surface Magnesium hydroxide particle, obtain processing metacneme.After testing, the thickness of magnesium hydroxide is 3 microns on diaphragm.
Embodiment 3
Diaphragm (egard 23) is immersed in magnesium salts magnesium nitrate solution, the molar concentration of magnesium is 4mol/L, waits for that diaphragm is complete It after being impregnated with, is placed at 100 DEG C and dries, then by sodium hydroxide solution, a concentration of 0.5mol/L is uniformly sprayed onto membrane surface, shelves After ten minutes, it immerses in pure water and washs repeatedly, dried at 100 DEG C, membrane surface is gently brushed with hairbrush, brushes off and is attached to membrane surface Magnesium hydroxide particle, obtain processing metacneme.After testing, the thickness of magnesium hydroxide is 15 microns on diaphragm.
Embodiment 4
Diaphragm (egard 23) is immersed in magnesium salts magnesium nitrate solution, the molar concentration of magnesium is 5mol/L, waits for that diaphragm is complete It after being impregnated with, is placed at 100 DEG C and dries, then by sodium hydroxide solution, a concentration of 0.5mol/L is uniformly sprayed onto membrane surface, shelves After ten minutes, it immerses in pure water and washs repeatedly, dried at 100 DEG C, membrane surface is gently brushed with hairbrush, brushes off and is attached to membrane surface Magnesium hydroxide particle, obtain processing metacneme.After testing, the thickness of magnesium hydroxide is 27 microns on diaphragm.
Embodiment 5
Diaphragm (egard 23) is immersed in magnesium salts Adlerika, the molar concentration of magnesium is 0.1mol/L, waits for that diaphragm is complete After being impregnated with entirely, it is placed at 100 DEG C and dries, then by sodium hydroxide solution, a concentration of 0.5mol/L is uniformly sprayed onto membrane surface, puts It sets after ten minutes, immerses in pure water and wash repeatedly, dried at 100 DEG C, membrane surface is gently brushed with hairbrush, brushes off and is attached to diaphragm table The magnesium hydroxide particle in face obtains processing metacneme.After testing, the thickness of magnesium hydroxide is 0.3 micron on diaphragm.
Comparative example 1
Diaphragm (egard 23) is without any processing.
Comparative example 2
Diaphragm (egard 23) is applied using traditional aluminium oxide.
Comparative example 3
Diaphragm (egard 23) uses magnesium hydroxide conventional application.
Embodiment 6
By embodiment 1-5, comparative example 1-3 treated diaphragm is fabricated to battery, anode uses the auspicious auspicious cobalt in Changsha Cobalt acid lithium and PVDF, NMP etc. are mixed evenly sour lithium, coated on aluminium foil obtained, dry, roll, slice;Cathode Using Shenzhen Bei Terui graphite, graphite and CMC, water etc. are uniformly mixed, coated on copper foil, dried, rolling is cut into small Anode, negative plate diaphragm are wound by piece, enter shell, inject electrolyte, electrolyte is using the lithium hexafluoro phosphate for making 1mol/L by oneself Organic liquor makes rectangular cell, 20 × 30 × 100mm, and anode is welded using aluminium foil laser edge, and cathode uses Laser Welding, by copper Foil is welded on copper coin, and after completing sealing, 45 DEG C are toasted 3 days.0.02C is charged to 4.1V by 0.2C discharges into 3.0V.
Test method:Obtained battery is done into 0.5C capacity, high power discharge test (5C), lancing test (by battery It is fully charged, be inserted into battery from outside batteries with fine needle, see whether explosion on fire), test result is shown in Table 1.
1. battery testing data of table
It can be seen that from the above test result:Hydroxide is applied relative to coating aluminium oxide (comparative example 2) and traditional approach Magnesium (comparative example 3), the diaphragm obtained using embodiment 1-5 processing, battery safety are significantly improved;The coating amount of magnesium hydroxide Bigger, security performance is better, and the type of magnesium salts influences less final performance.
More than, embodiments of the present invention are illustrated.But the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.It is all Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the guarantor of the present invention Within the scope of shield.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of processing method of lithium ion battery separator, which is characterized in that this method passes through the magnesium salts and alkali that adhere on diaphragm Property solution reaction, generates magnesium hydroxide on diaphragm.
2. the processing method of lithium ion battery separator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that this method specifically include with Lower step:
(1) diaphragm is immersed in magnesium salt solution, is dried in 90~110 DEG C, obtain the diaphragm of attachment magnesium salts;
(2) alkaline solution even application is shelved into reaction to the membrane surface of above-mentioned attachment magnesium salts, after washing, in 90~110 DEG C It dries;
(3) magnesium hydroxide particle of the membrane surface after that removes that step (2) obtains dry, the diaphragm that obtains that treated.
3. the processing method of lithium ion battery separator according to claim 2, which is characterized in that magnesium described in step (1) Salt is at least one of magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate and magnesium nitrate;The molar concentration of magnesium is 0.1~5mol/ in the magnesium salt solution L。
4. the processing method of lithium ion battery separator according to claim 2, which is characterized in that alkali described in step (2) Property solution be sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution;A concentration of 0.1~2mol/L of the alkaline solution.
5. the processing method of lithium ion battery separator according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step is put described in (2) The time for setting reaction is 10~20min.
6. the processing method of lithium ion battery separator according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step is washed described in (2) It washs to be washed repeatedly with pure water, for example, washing 3~5 times.
7. the processing method of lithium ion battery separator according to claim 2, which is characterized in that hydrogen described in step (3) The reset mode of magnesium oxide particle is in such a way that hairbrush is gently brushed.
8. the lithium ion battery separator that any one of claim 1~7 processing method obtains, which is characterized in that the diaphragm Surface applies magnesium hydroxide, and the thickness of the magnesium hydroxide is 0.1~30 micron.
9. a kind of lithium ion battery, which is characterized in that the battery pack is containing lithium ion battery separator according to any one of claims 8.
CN201810301187.7A 2018-04-04 2018-04-04 A kind of lithium ion battery separator, its processing method and lithium ion battery Pending CN108550765A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115621660A (en) * 2022-09-08 2023-01-17 阜阳隆能科技有限公司 Composite diaphragm for lithium battery core, lithium battery core and lithium battery

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101355143A (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-01-28 比亚迪股份有限公司 Battery separator and preparation method thereof
CN102260420A (en) * 2011-05-25 2011-11-30 太原理工大学 Preparation method of composite flame retardant
CN103972444A (en) * 2013-01-28 2014-08-06 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 Electrochemical power supply separation membrane and preparation method thereof, electrochemical battery or capacitor
CN205248351U (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-05-18 东莞市卓高电子科技有限公司 Heat -resisting type lithium battery diaphragm
CN106654124A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-05-10 东莞市卓高电子科技有限公司 Method for preparing heat-resistant lithium battery separator
JP2017204368A (en) * 2016-05-11 2017-11-16 日立マクセル株式会社 Separator for electrochemical element, electrochemical element, composition for resin particle layer formation, and method for manufacturing separator for electrochemical element

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101355143A (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-01-28 比亚迪股份有限公司 Battery separator and preparation method thereof
CN102260420A (en) * 2011-05-25 2011-11-30 太原理工大学 Preparation method of composite flame retardant
CN103972444A (en) * 2013-01-28 2014-08-06 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 Electrochemical power supply separation membrane and preparation method thereof, electrochemical battery or capacitor
CN205248351U (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-05-18 东莞市卓高电子科技有限公司 Heat -resisting type lithium battery diaphragm
JP2017204368A (en) * 2016-05-11 2017-11-16 日立マクセル株式会社 Separator for electrochemical element, electrochemical element, composition for resin particle layer formation, and method for manufacturing separator for electrochemical element
CN106654124A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-05-10 东莞市卓高电子科技有限公司 Method for preparing heat-resistant lithium battery separator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115621660A (en) * 2022-09-08 2023-01-17 阜阳隆能科技有限公司 Composite diaphragm for lithium battery core, lithium battery core and lithium battery

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Application publication date: 20180918