CN108549109A - A kind of ground based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique-Roadway Leading Prospecting method - Google Patents
A kind of ground based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique-Roadway Leading Prospecting method Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/14—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electron or nuclear magnetic resonance
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Abstract
A kind of ground Roadway Leading Prospecting method based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique, includes the following steps：Transmitting coil is laid on localized ground to be measured；Emitter and receiving transducer are synchronized using quartz clock；The alternating current that transmitting coil frequency is your frequency of Rameau is supplied, underground is made to induce corresponding magnetic field, the receiving transducer arranged in underworkings receives the signal in magnetic field；It repeats the above steps, according to identical distance along roadway layout, often increases all receiving transducers of a receiving transducer and carry out again primary detection, warn at once if there is abnormal signal and stop promoting, until driving is completed；The data that receiving transducer detects are reached into ground supervisory control desk by downhole data acquisition station and summarize carry out data processing；In conjunction with hydrogeologic data, the gushing water range in driving front is judged.The method increase the accuracys of the investigation depth of nuclear magnetic resonance and delineation water zone, and surveying accuracy is high, can effectively directly serve in tunnelling, Mobile state of going forward side by side monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method, especially a kind of ground-Roadway Leading Prospecting based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique
Method.
Background technology
Coal mine flood is one of the main security disaster in the mine construction and production process arranged side by side with gas, top plate etc..
In the great serious accident in China's coal-mine area, coal mine flood accident is only second to its gas accident in terms of death toll, occupy the 2nd
Position；In terms of frequency, it is also only second to coal mine gas and roof accident, occupy the 3rd.It is anti-that country pays much attention to coal mine flood
It controls, currently, water bursting in mine Prevention Technique has been included in national science and technology supporting plan and emphasis key scientific and technological projects, to instruct coal mine to pacify
Full production.
The hydrological geological conditions of coal mine are found out in detection, including are led containing aquaporin, tomography, karst collapse col umn, old kiln goaf
Deng construction and its rich water implementations prevent water inrush accident from having become coal mine urgently to take control measures in time
The hydrogeology problems of solution.
Nuclear magnetic resonance, abbreviation NMR are a kind of quantum effects, refer to selectively being absorbed with the paramagnetic substance of nucleon
Electromagnetic energy.Bloch equations is the theoretical foundation of nuclear magnetic resonance.Theoretically, it is institute using the unique conditional of NMR technology
Discuss that the atomic nucleus of substance has non-zero magnetic moment, i.e., electron magnetic moment is cancelled out each other in pairs in H2O and CH4 equimoleculars, electronics
Total magnetic moment is zero, and there was only nuclear magnetic moment in these molecules.Proton (proton) has sufficiently large magnetic moment, core in water
Magnetic resonance properties are apparent, in the NMR effects of 16 kinds of important material atom cores, at the NMR effect practical applications of proton
In first place.Under stabilizing magnetic field effect, atomic nucleus is in certain energy level.If exciting it with the alternating magnetic field of appropriate frequency,
Atomic nucleus can be made to generate resonant transition between energy level.
NMR signal is picked up with specialized instrument and equipment, so that it may whether to detect with the presence of underground water on the ground.
Because the initial amplitude of NMR signal and the quantity (water content) of proton in Free water in studied space are proportional, that is, exist
Within the scope of this method investigation depth, in the case where signal-to-noise ratio is suitable, with the presence of Free water in stratum, just there is NMR signal
Response, in stratum it is aqueous the more, NMR response is stronger.In this way, just having constituted water just has reflection, it is anhydrous then without reflection
Direct look for water method.
Compared with other geophysics groundwater prospecting methods, nuclear magnetic resonance groundwater prospecting method is since it is with direct detection underground water
Property, this method have obtained relatively broad application in hydrogeology, engineering geology.But existing ground nuclear magnetic resonance
Technology it requires that instrumental sensitivity is very high since the NMR signal of the water received is faint, therefore the anti-electromagnetism of instrument is dry
It is relatively low to disturb ability, and depth of exploration is smaller and there is exploration blind area, cannot timely feedback the aqueous information in front of tunnelling；
The top plate water-bearing structure that general ground well nuclear magnetic resonance technique mainly detects, can not directly serve in the headwork in tunnel, nothing
Method carries out dynamic monitoring.
It can be seen that general groundwater detection with surface nuclear magnetic resonance method and common ground well magnetic nuclear resonance method depth of exploration
It is shallow, precision is low, cannot effectively directly serve in tunnelling go forward side by side Mobile state monitoring.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ground based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique-Roadway Leading Prospecting method, this method
The accuracy of the investigation depth and delineation water zone of nuclear magnetic resonance is improved, resolution capability is strong, surveying accuracy is high, can be effectively
Tunnelling is directly served in, Mobile state of going forward side by side monitoring.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of ground-tunnel based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique
Forward probe method, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Selection waits for exploring opening, by emitter setting above the tunnel in corresponding earth's surface；The transmitting dress
It sets using big loop line coil, the big loop line coil is rectangular loop coil, is sent out according to waiting for that the present position of exploring opening determines
The coordinate of injection device, according to the effective area and the number of turns for waiting for that the depth of exploring opening determines emitter；
Step 2：Emitter and receiving transducer are synchronized using quartz clock；
Step 3：At the roof center in waiting for exploring opening arranged receiving transducer is moved towards along tunnel；The reception is visited
Head is that three-component is popped one's head in；
Step 4：The alternating current that emitter frequency is your frequency of Rameau is supplied by instrumentation platform, generates electromagnetism letter
Number, receive NMR signal using the receiving transducer at back；
Step 5：The data that receiving transducer detects are reached into ground by downhole data acquisition station and data transmission system
Supervisory control desk carries out data processing；
Step 6：Be arranged fixed time interval carry out data acquisition, ground supervisory control desk by with the preceding number once acquired
According to continuously being compared, when the NMR signal received is abnormal, while being responded with gushing water signal, then judge
There is water-bearing structure in working face driving front, and ground supervisory control desk is warned to working face and the face propulsion that is stopped；
When the NMR signal Non Apparent Abnormality received, and compared with gushing water signal without response when, then judge work
Face driving front safety, working face further tunnels, and continues to arrange receiving transducer；
Step 7：The receiving transducer is spaced substantially equidistant arrangement, often increases a receiving transducer, is supplied by instrumentation platform
To the alternating current that emitter frequency is your frequency of Rameau, electromagnetic signal is generated again, the receiving transducer arranged connects again
Electromagnetic signal is received, repeats step 5, step 6 until tunnelling is completed；
Step 8：According to the data that each receiving transducer obtains, all cores received of supervisory control desk aggregation process on ground
Simultaneously corresponding graph is made in magnetic resonance signal data, aqueous information that obtained tunnel is met head on, and ground supervisory control desk will be shown at figure
Nuclear magnetic resonance data compared and analyzed in conjunction with existing hydrogeologic data, abnormal area is marked off, to judge to tunnel
The gushing water range in front.
Further, the receiving transducer in the step 7 is spaced substantially equidistant arrangement, between the two neighboring receiving transducer
Distance is 5-30 meters, and every 5 three-components probe shares a subsurface data acquisition station.
Further, the distance between described two neighboring receiving transducer is 10 meters.
Further, step 5 data processing includes the following steps：
The preliminary treatment of (5-1) data：By collected original data transmissions to supervisory control desk, format conversion and just is carried out
Step is filtered；
The extraction of (5-2) three component seismic data：The data of preliminary treatment are subjected to three component seismic data extraction.
Compared with prior art：(1) arrange that emitter, supply emitter frequency are Rameau that in overlying regions to be measured
The alternating current of frequency, after generating electromagnetic signal, the electromagnetic signal in underground passage using receiving transducer acquisition in the earth formation,
The water zone that tunnel is met head on can be drawn a circle to approve out in conjunction with existing hydrogeologic data according to signal response region therein, from
And judge that geology and hydrogeology are abnormal, achieve the purpose that water-bursting predicting, construction efficiency are high, expansion is strong, improves core
The accuracy of the investigation depth of magnetic resonance and delineation water zone, resolution capability are strong；
(2) since emitter is arranged on ground, the constraint of downhole anti-explosion condition and lane space has been evaded, can improve
The compacting interference of response signal intensity；Receiving point is from objective body closer to total compared with ground nuclear magnetic resonance method and general ground well nuclear-magnetism
Method of slight resolution ratio higher；
(3) with tunnelling, often increase a receiving transducer, be passed through frequency to big loop line coil using emitter
For the alternating current of your frequency of Rameau, the receiving transducer arranged all receives electromagnetic signal again, and with detect before
Data are continuously compared, and in tunneling process, Fixed Time Interval carries out data acquisition, stop pushing away at once once noting abnormalities
Into realization dynamic monitoring.
(4) this method has had both the advantages of conventional ground and underground method, and overcomes its main deficiency, since underground connects
Receiving probe can receive on the different location difference component of tunnel, can establish the real-time forecasting system for covering entire tunnel, make pre-
Police is more targeted, effectively prevents the generation of water bursting in mine accident.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ground-tunnel nuclear magnetic resonance forward probe installation drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the receiving transducer direction schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the receiving transducer of the present invention with tunnelling arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the workflow block diagram of the present invention；
In figure, 1, emitter, 2, receiving transducer, 3, tunnel.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As Figure 1-Figure 4, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of ground-tunnel based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique
Forward probe method, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Selection waits for exploring opening, by emitter setting above the tunnel in corresponding earth's surface；The transmitting dress
It sets using big loop line coil, the big loop line coil is rectangular loop coil, is sent out according to waiting for that the present position of exploring opening determines
The coordinate of injection device, according to the effective area and the number of turns for waiting for that the depth of exploring opening determines emitter.Emitter setting exists
The constraint of downhole anti-explosion condition and lane space has been evaded on ground, and distance is short between receiving transducer and specific detection objective body, point
Resolution is high.
Step 2：Emitter and receiving transducer are synchronized using quartz clock；
Step 3：At the roof center in waiting for exploring opening arranged receiving transducer is moved towards along tunnel；Due to three-component
The signal in tri- directions X, Y, Z under probe energy while received well, therefore, the receiving transducer are preferably three-component probe；
Step 4：The alternating current that emitter frequency is your frequency of Rameau is supplied by instrumentation platform, generates electromagnetism letter
Number, receive NMR signal using the receiving transducer at back；
Step 5：The NMR signal that receiving transducer detects is acquired by downhole data acquisition station, passes through number
Ground supervisory control desk is reached according to Transmission system and carries out data processing, and containing for front geological body of meeting head on is obtained according to data processed result
Water information；
Step 6：Be arranged fixed time interval carry out data acquisition, ground supervisory control desk by with the preceding number once acquired
According to continuously being compared, when the NMR signal received is abnormal, while having response with gushing water signal, then work is judged
Making face driving front has water-bearing structure, and ground supervisory control desk is warned to working face and the face propulsion that is stopped；
It is assumed that the earth is in horizontal layer, and known to the vertical distribution of resistivity (ρ (r)=ρ (z)), then ground nuclear magnetic resonance sense
Answer the formula of electromotive force that can further be written as following form：
Wherein E0(q) it is initial amplitude, K is integral kernel function, and K is buried with excitation pulse square q, rock resistivity ρ and rock stratum
Deep z, earth's magnetic field inclination alpha are related, and n (z) is water content, 0≤n (z)≤1.N (z)=VF/ V, VF, V is respectively to detect in volume
Free water volume and detection volume.Kernel function K (q, ρ (z), α) is as follows：
I and J indicates the unit number of subdivision infinitesimal radially and tangentially, circular frequency ω respectively in formula0=γ Β0, M0Indicate single
Magnetic moment in the volume of position, θ are to pull angle, B down⊥It is to excite magnetic field perpendicular to the component in earth's magnetic field.
Assuming that water-bearing layer layering is uniform, can further enable
N in formulajFor the water content in jth water-bearing layer, and 0≤nj≤1：zjFor jth water-bearing layer buried depth of top surface and numerical value meter
The model z of calculation is to node coordinate；ΔzjFor corresponding aqueous layer thickness.Formula discrete can turn in this way:
qiFor i-th of current impulse intensity, i=1,2 ..., I, I is current impulse intensity total number.
In homogeneous half space, the dielectricabsorption conductance of water-bearing layer upper and lower is identical, and after turning off emission current, water-bearing layer is suitable
In one new " emission source ", by above formula it is found that initial amplitude signal is only related with the vertical distance Z of receiving coil.
When receiving transducer is located at tunnel, when the water-bearing layer in front of tunnelling is closer, the response of initial nuclear magnetic resonance amplitude is compared with ground
The response in face can be more obvious, and needs lower pulse square that can detect the aqueous objective body in front.
When the NMR signal Non Apparent Abnormality received, and compared with gushing water signal without response when, then judge work
Face driving front safety, working face further tunnels, and continues to arrange receiving transducer；
Step 7：The receiving transducer is spaced substantially equidistant arrangement, often increases a receiving transducer, is supplied by instrumentation platform
To the alternating current that emitter frequency is your frequency of Rameau, electromagnetic signal is generated again, the receiving transducer arranged connects again
Electromagnetic signal is received, repeats step 5, step 6 until tunnelling is completed；
Step 8：According to the data that each receiving transducer obtains, all cores received of supervisory control desk aggregation process on ground
Simultaneously corresponding graph is made in magnetic resonance signal data, aqueous information that obtained tunnel is met head on, since collected data have sky
Between characteristic also carry out three-dimensional into figure in addition to carrying out two dimension into figure to data；So data are shown at figure comprising two dimension, three-dimensional
Show two parts so that the explanation of image has more reliability；Ground supervisory control desk combines the nuclear magnetic resonance data shown at figure
Existing hydrogeologic data compares and analyzes, and marks off abnormal area, to judge the gushing water range in driving front.
Further, the distance between described two neighboring receiving transducer is 5-30 meters, and every 5 three-components probe shares one
The signal that underground signal three-component receiving transducer receives is passed through signal transmission by subsurface data acquisition station, underground signals collecting station
Line is acquired, and is stored.
Further, the distance between described two neighboring receiving transducer is 10 meters.
Further, step 5 data processing includes the following steps：
The preliminary treatment of (5-1) data：By collected original data transmissions to supervisory control desk, initial data is subjected to lattice
Formula is converted to be filtered with preliminary；Nuclear magnetic resonance water detector has used moving-polynomial smoother mode to filter and Fourier filtering.Instrument
Device own system provides most smooth dimension solutions.According to measured signal curve noise level, any one between 5~50ms is inputted
Filter constant, PC machine can realize automatic filter and round and smooth.For industrial frequency harmonic noise, can be filtered by adaptive notch filter or with resistance
Wave effective filters out.It in order to reject the electromagnetic interference and work area noise jamming that receive signal, therefore is filtered, to ensure
The reliability of the quality of data, exclusive PCR cause false abnormality, improve detection accuracy；
The extraction of (5-2) three component seismic data：The data of preliminary treatment are subjected to three component seismic data extraction；Since electromagnetism is believed
Number it is spatial distribution, coming from the signal of different directions can all be received by three-component receiving transducer, the information of all directions
Weight is also not quite similar, and in order to fully apply obtained signal, therefore signal is carried out three component seismic data extraction, by what is extracted
The data of different directions respectively carry out lower step processing.
The present invention is often increased a receiving transducer, is passed through to big loop line coil using emitter with tunnelling
Frequency is the alternating current of your frequency of Rameau, and the receiving transducer arranged all receives electromagnetic signal again, and with detect before
To data continuously compared, in tunneling process, Fixed Time Interval carry out data acquisition, once note abnormalities at once stop
Thrust into, realize dynamic monitoring.The receiving transducer is repeatedly detected and by downhole data acquisition station and data transmission
System reaches ground supervisory control desk, by ground supervisory control desk aggregation process after, choose same probe in different detections
Section obtain as a result, or choose it is different probe same detection time obtain as a result, therefrom to its X-component, Y-component, Z component
It compares and analyzes respectively, judgement driving front gushing water regional extent carries out prediction.This method construction efficiency is high, expands
Property it is strong, realize dynamic monitoring, improve the accuracy of the investigation depth of nuclear magnetic resonance and delineation water zone, resolution capability
By force, tunnelling can directly be served.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of ground based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique-Roadway Leading Prospecting method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Selection waits for exploring opening, by emitter setting above the tunnel in corresponding earth's surface；The emitter is adopted
With big loop line coil, the big loop line coil is rectangular loop coil, emits dress according to waiting for that the present position of exploring opening determines
The coordinate set, according to the effective area and the number of turns for waiting for that the depth of exploring opening determines emitter；
Step 2：Emitter and receiving transducer are synchronized using quartz clock；
Step 3：At the roof center in waiting for exploring opening arranged receiving transducer is moved towards along tunnel；The receiving transducer is
Three-component is popped one's head in；
Step 4：The alternating current that emitter frequency is your frequency of Rameau is supplied by instrumentation platform, generates electromagnetic signal,
NMR signal is received using the receiving transducer at back；
Step 5：The NMR signal that receiving transducer detects is reached by downhole data acquisition station and data transmission system
Ground supervisory control desk carries out data processing；
Step 6：Be arranged fixed time interval carry out data acquisition, ground supervisory control desk by with the preceding data once acquired into
The continuous comparison of row then judges when the NMR signal received is abnormal, while generation responds compared with gushing water signal
There is water-bearing structure in working face driving front, and ground supervisory control desk is warned to working face and the face propulsion that is stopped；
When the NMR signal Non Apparent Abnormality received, and compared with gushing water signal without response when, then judge working face dig
Into front safety, working face further tunnels, and continues to arrange receiving transducer；
Step 7：The receiving transducer is spaced substantially equidistant arrangement, often increases a receiving transducer, is supplied and is sent out by instrumentation platform
Injection device frequency is the alternating current of your frequency of Rameau, generates electromagnetic signal again, the receiving transducer arranged receives electricity again
Magnetic signal repeats step 5, step 6 until tunnelling is completed；
Step 8：According to the data that each receiving transducer obtains, on ground, all nuclear-magnetisms received of supervisory control desk aggregation process are total
Shake signal data, and simultaneously corresponding graph is made in the aqueous information that obtained tunnel is met head on, the core that ground supervisory control desk will be shown at figure
MR data is compared and analyzed in conjunction with existing hydrogeologic data, marks off abnormal area, to judge driving front
Gushing water range.
2. a kind of ground based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique-Roadway Leading Prospecting method according to claim 1, feature exist
In the distance between two neighboring receiving transducer described in the step 7 is 5-30 meters, and every 5 three-components probe shares one
Subsurface data acquisition station.
3. a kind of ground based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique-Roadway Leading Prospecting method according to claim 2, feature exist
In the distance between described two neighboring receiving transducer is 10 meters.
4. a kind of ground based on nuclear magnetic resonance technique-Roadway Leading Prospecting method according to claim 1, feature exist
In step 5 data processing includes the following steps：
The preliminary treatment of (5-1) data：By collected original data transmissions to supervisory control desk, format conversion and preliminary is carried out
It is filtered, the filtering mode is filtered for moving-polynomial smoother mode and Fourier filtering；
The extraction of (5-2) three component seismic data：The data of preliminary treatment are subjected to three component seismic data extraction.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111006574A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-14 | 山东科技大学 | Equipment and method for measuring displacement of roadway wall part |
| CN113450543A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Underground space water marginal disaster early warning method based on nuclear magnetic resonance miniature sensor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6177794B1 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 2001-01-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Use of earth field spin echo NMR to search for liquid minerals |
| CN104597511A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-05-06 | 中国矿业大学 | Transient electromagnetic detection method for ground-roadway of multi-layer goaf |
| CN106054258A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Magnetic source ground-tunnel transient electromagnetic advanced detection method |
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2018
- 2018-03-26 CN CN201810253237.9A patent/CN108549109A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6177794B1 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 2001-01-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Use of earth field spin echo NMR to search for liquid minerals |
| CN104597511A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-05-06 | 中国矿业大学 | Transient electromagnetic detection method for ground-roadway of multi-layer goaf |
| CN106054258A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Magnetic source ground-tunnel transient electromagnetic advanced detection method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111006574A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-14 | 山东科技大学 | Equipment and method for measuring displacement of roadway wall part |
| CN113450543A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Underground space water marginal disaster early warning method based on nuclear magnetic resonance miniature sensor |
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Application publication date: 20180918 |