CN108548959A - A kind of soil resistivity measurement method and the method for analyzing soil fertility status - Google Patents
A kind of soil resistivity measurement method and the method for analyzing soil fertility status Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil resistivity measurement methods and the method for analyzing soil fertility status, soil resistivity measurement method to include：It is less than the soil to be measured of default span for span, is measured using non-equidistant four-electrode method and obtain multigroup soil resistivity data.Analysis soil fertility status method include：The resistivity for obtaining soil is measured by above-mentioned soil resistivity measurement method, calculating software by soil layering is calculated soil fertility status.The present invention has many advantages, such as that high certainty of measurement, applicability are good for span is smaller and the non-uniform place of soil texture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil texture fields of measurement more particularly to a kind of soil resistivity measurement method and analysis soil point
The method of layer structure.
Background technology
In recent years, many scholars are in the side such as soil texture inverting, soil resistivity influence factor, soil parameters algorithm improvement
Numerous studies are done in face.The standard criterions such as IEEE Std80, GB/T17949.1 and GB/T21431 using electrode spacing 40m as
The separation of Wenner four-electrode methods (equidistant four-electrode method) and the selection of non-equidistant four-electrode method.Electrode spacing is less than 40m and uses Wenner
Four-electrode method, and electrode spacing is more than 40 meters and uses non-equidistant four-electrode method.And in practical engineering application, technical staff is for electrode
The case where being smaller than 40 meters and being more than 40 meters, is substantially and is measured using Wenner four-electrode methods.The prior art is ground
Study carefully, also more concentrates on the specific algorithm for how improving Wenner four-electrode methods, improve in the performance of algorithm.
He Wei[1]Deng in order to find aggregate performance of the every layer of soil parameters to optimum results, using improving, particle cluster algorithm is excellent
Change soil parameters, between the apparent resistivity measured using Wenner four-electrode methods and the apparent resistivity for using complex image method calculating
Root-mean-square error as object function, and published thesis two layers of middle level and three-layer soil parameter model compares, solved soil
The validity and feasibility of earth parameter.Wang Hongliang[2]Deng with Sichuan Province's Xi Luo Du reservoir geologic structure data instance, using quasi-
The optimization that the apparent soil resistivity data that Newton method and non-equidistant four-electrode method measure have carried out three-layer soil structural model calculates,
More rational electric current transmission of electricity earth electrode field nearby underground current and voltage, three-layer soil structural model and practical soil are acquired
Hierarchy parameters are variant.Zhang B[4]Deng be based on Wenner four-electrode method measurement results, using complex image method solve apparent resistivity
Improper integral expression formula, carry out Optimization Solution soil parameters in conjunction with quasi-Newton method, calculate Two layer soil model layers, it is proposed that profit
With the apparent resistivity of actual measurement as a reference to the method for reasonably selecting soil parameters initial value.Lee[5]It is calculated Deng using neural network
Method and genetic algorithm introduce cooperating between neural network and biotic population and competitive relation, can more successfully solve
Nonlinear problem, unfortunately neural network algorithm need to be configured the network number of plies and network weight, lead to two layers of solution
Network parameter is reset when the above soil.Calixto[6]Deng use genetic algorithm, it is proposed that using measure and solve regard
The least-squares estimation size of relative error predefines the soil number of plies between resistivity, but there are processing times for the algorithm
Long and slow-footed problem.Nayel M[7]Soil parameters is solved Deng using quasi-Newton method, but iteration Hessian matrix is all every time
It needs to update a data and calculating matrix is inverted again, reduce soil parameters solving speed.Research for soil parameters,
The overwhelming majority is based on equidistant four-electrode method and Two layer soil structural model.Meanwhile it being important to notice that mathematics algorithm research in the past,
And the researchs such as mathematics result of calculation Stable Convergence of Operator or convergence rate, the nonlinear function validity of solution Prescribed Properties.
But the apparent resistivity result of calculation that Werner methods measure only has two layers or three layers, the soil texture of calculating and practical soil point
The problems such as difference of layer, interpolar are away from correspondence between soil surveying depth, soil layering depth is also worth discussing.Together
When, accelerate for urbanization process, soil overvulcanization causes the complication of soil internal structure or soil itself to be layered as three
Layer case above, the applicability for the apparent resistivity that Werner methods measure, typical backfill, mud, severely-weathered layer, Neutral Winds
Change layer, how this five layers of geologic structure of rock models and seek soil parameters, the accuracy of other soil resistivity measurement methods
Deng worth research.
Following documents are the background technology documents of the present invention：
[1] what be Zhang Ruiqiang, horizontal multi-layer Soil parametric inversion [J] China electrical engineering in the such as Yang Fan substations
Report, 2014, (33)：5964-5973.
[2] research of grounding electrode electric current when king is loud and clear, Wu Guangning D.C. high voltage transmission monopolar ground circuit operation modes are run
[D] Southwest Jiaotong Universitys master thesis, 2007.
[3] the small phoenix .CDEGS softwares of king electric system application [D] Zhejiang University master thesis, 2007.
[4] .Zhang B, Cui X, Li L.Parameter estimation of horizontal multilayer
Earth by complex image method [J] .IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2005,20
(2)：1394-1401.
[5] .Lee J P, Ji P S, Lim J Y, et al.Earth parameter and equivalent
resistivity estimation using ANN[C].Power Engineering Society General
Meeting.CA, USA：IEEE, 2005：2597-2602.
[6] .Calixto W P, Neto L W, Wu M.Parameters estimation of a horizontal
multilayer soil using genetic algorithm[J].IEEE Transactions on Power
Delivery, 2010,25 (3)：1250-1257.
[7] .Nayel M, Lu Boyang, Tian Yu, et al.Study of soil resistivity
measurements in vertical two-layer soil model。
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that：For technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention provides one
Kind is good for the non-uniform horizontal slice place of soil texture or vertical demixing (such as river bank), high certainty of measurement, applicability
Soil resistivity measurement method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention is：A kind of soil resistivity measurement method, for
Span is less than the soil to be measured of default span, is measured using non-equidistant four-electrode method and obtains multigroup soil resistivity data.
Further, before measuring soil resistivity data, further include：Soil property is analyzed in advance, when described
When soil to be measured belongs to non-homogeneous soil, is measured using non-equidistant four-electrode method and obtain multigroup soil resistivity data.
Further, the non-homogeneous soil refers to the number of plies number of plies preset greatly of soil；Or non-soil is solid in soil
The content of body substance is more than preset standard.
Further, the non-soil solids matter includes：Rock and artificial works.
Further, away from more than 1 meter, the depth that electrode is inserted into soil is more than the inside interpolar of the non-equidistant four-electrode method
0.2 meter.
Further, the non-equidistant four-electrode method is symmetrical non-equidistant four-electrode method.
Further, the inside interpolar of the symmetrical non-equidistant four-electrode method away from and outside interpolar away from ratio be more than or equal to 2.
Further, the value of the default span is 120 meters either 90 meters or 60 meters.
A method of analysis soil fertility status is measured by soil resistivity measurement method described in any one of the above embodiments
The resistivity for obtaining soil calculates software by soil layering and soil fertility status is calculated.
Further, the soil layering measuring and calculating software is CDEGS softwares, by CDEGS softwares to the electricity of the soil
Resistance rate data carry out inverting, obtain soil fertility status.
1, present system has studied the effect of Wenner four-electrode methods and non-equidistant four-electrode method under different application scene,
Pass through a large amount of experimental study, it is proposed that for the smaller soil of span or non-homogeneous soil, using non-equidistant four-electrode method into
Row soil fertility status measures, and the distinguishing hierarchy of accuracy higher, soil is relatively sharp.
2, the present invention proposes the specific implementation process measured using non-equidistant four-electrode method, can be quickly to be measured
Soil measures, and can ensure accuracy, the reasonability of measurement data, improves measurement efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is specific embodiment of the invention non-equidistant four-electrode method schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is No. 1 test site realistic picture of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is two places of the specific embodiment of the invention, the depth of probe soil resistivity measurement data of two methods is poor
Different schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the CDEGS inversion results to 2 corresponding measurement data of serial number in table 3 in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is that the CDEGS of No. 2 test site first time non-equidistant four-electrode method measurement data in the specific embodiment of the invention is calculated
As a result.
Fig. 7 is the layering result of the symmetrical not equidistant method measurement data in No. 2 test sites in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the layering result that No. 2 test sites part Wenner four-electrode method data calculate in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not therefore and
It limits the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the soil resistivity measurement method of the present embodiment, includes the following steps：Span is less than default
The soil to be measured of span is measured using non-equidistant four-electrode method and obtains multigroup soil resistivity data.Measuring soil resistivity number
According to preceding, further include：Soil property is analyzed in advance, when the soil to be measured belongs to non-homogeneous soil, using non-equidistant
Four-electrode method, which measures, obtains multigroup soil resistivity data.The non-homogeneous soil refers to the number of plies number of plies preset greatly of soil；Or
The content of non-soil solids matter is more than preset standard in person's soil.The non-soil solids matter includes：Rock and artificial
Structures.
In the present embodiment, to the judgement of non-homogeneous soil, the soil number of plies includes horizontal slice and vertical demixing, the number of plies
Preferably greater than it is equal to 2 layers.Both included the layering that generates due to soil property difference, soil property include but not limited to such as backfill, sandy soil,
Weak saprolite, medium weathering soil and severely-weathered soil etc.；Also include the layering generated due to the variation of the water content of soil, such as exist
The water content on rainy day, upper layer of soil is big, with the variation of depth of soil water content change and the layering that generates, and
In region near water, near river, lake, generated with the distance in soil and waters generate in vertical direction point
Layer.Rock in non-soil solids matter refers to each rocks of self-assembling formation buried in soil；Artificial works refer to
Bury all kinds of structures generated by mankind's activity in the soil, the including but not limited to foundation of building, coagulation
Soil, brick, metallic structures, underground all kinds of pipelines, such as all kinds of materials of subsoil drain, power pipe, PVC pipeline
Deng.
In the present embodiment, further, the inside interpolar of the non-equidistant four-electrode method is away from more than 1 meter.Electrode is inserted into soil
The depth of earth is more than 0.2 meter；Preferably 0.2 meter or 0.4 meter or 0.5 meter.As shown in Fig. 2, for be sequentially arranged A, B,
C, tetra- electrodes of D, electrode A and electrode D are lateral electrode, and electrode B and electrode C are medial electrode, and inside interpolar is away from referring in two
The distance between lateral electrode, i.e. the distance between electrode B and C b, outside interpolar is away from finger medial electrode and outside nearest therewith electricity
The distance between pole, such as the distance between electrode A and electrode B a or the distance between electrode C and electrode D c.Symmetrical non-equidistant
In four-electrode method, outside interpolar away from equal, and inside interpolar away from not equal to outside interpolar away from i.e. a=c ≠ b.
In the present embodiment, the non-equidistant four-electrode method is symmetrical non-equidistant four-electrode method.The symmetrical non-equidistant four-electrode method
Inside interpolar away from and outside interpolar away from ratio be preferably greater than be equal to 2.The value of the default span is 120 meters or 100
Rice or 60 meters.
The method of the analysis soil fertility status of the present embodiment, passes through soil resistivity measurement side described in any one of the above embodiments
Method measures the resistivity for obtaining soil, and calculating software by soil layering is calculated soil fertility status.The soil layering
Measuring and calculating software is CDEGS softwares, carries out inverting to the resistivity data of the soil by CDEGS softwares, obtains soil layering
Structure.
In the present embodiment, this measurement method is carried out by test site known to two soil textures positioned at Changsha
Verification is measured, and the technique effect of this measurement method is said by the measurement result to traditional measurement than in the prior art
It is bright.Wherein No. 1 test site center be 112.98194 ° of east longitude, 28.16333 ° of north latitude, by reconnoitring section soil regime,
It substantially can be considered the more consistent place of the soil property of first floor 30m thickness, soil is mainly yellow earth.The outdoor scene at No. 1 test site such as Fig. 3
It is shown.No. 2 test sites center is 112.92442 ° of east longitude, 28.33506 ° of north latitude.Result such as table 1 is surveyed on the ground at No. 2 test sites
Shown, ground surveys report and shows that No. 2 test sites are the non-homogeneous soil of five floor layering, wherein surface layer is to deposit thin sandy soil.
No. 1.2 test sites of table are surveyed to be layered shown in result
In the present embodiment, using non-equidistant four-electrode method and Wenner four-electrode methods, using different probe depth and interpolar away from (etc.
Imitate interpolar away from), multiple soil resistivity DATA REASONINGs are carried out to No. 1 test site and No. 2 test sites, obtain 60 groups and 198 respectively
Group data, as shown in table 2.
2 soil resistivity field measurement data group number summary sheet of table
Note：1. measurement had rain, Surfaces soil water content high when day.
Because it is contemplated that the soil resistivity of depth of probe with do not consider that the soil resistivity of depth of probe is between the two and deposit
In certain difference, in the present embodiment, in conjunction with field measurement data, draw out two places non-equidistant four-electrode method and
Winner four-electrode method middle probe depth is to the influence diagram of soil resistivity, as shown in Figure 4.By the analysis to Fig. 4, can see
Go out, two curve matchings obtain preferable, and related coefficient is respectively 0.7336 and 0.9244.It follows that considering depth of probe
Soil resistivity with do not consider that the soil resistivity difference d of depth of probe is smaller, respectively less than 14%.
In the present embodiment, measurement data is calculated by CDEGS softwares and in the prior art published method,
And compare and analyze, there is practical application effect to verify the method for the present invention.Wherein, CDEGS softwares are international software, table
3 also list the apparent resistivity data measured based on Wenner four-electrode methods in the bibliography of part, are calculated using population is improved
The results such as the soil layering number that method, neural network algorithm or CDEGS softwares calculate.National Key Laboratory (University Of Chongqing) scholar
He Wei[1]Utilize the result and South Korea scholar Lee for improving particle cluster algorithm[5]The result of calculation of neural network algorithm is verified, Lee[5]
The result of calculation of neural network algorithm is verified using the result of calculation of CDEGS softwares, the small phoenix of Zhejiang University king[3]It is also CDEGS soft
Part carries out the calculating of soil parameters, illustrates that CDEGS software result of calculations have certain confidence level.
In the present embodiment, according to the Wenner (equidistant) four obtained based on different geological conditions and weather condition in table 2
Pole method measurement data, using CDEGS software inverting soil layerings, the soil layering number of calculating and corresponding depth of seam division result are shown in
Table 3.
Wenner four-electrode method measurement data inversion result statistical forms are utilized in 3 two test sites of table and part bibliography
From table 3 it can be seen that the soil number of plies of Wenner four-electrode method invertings is two layers or three layers.But according to apparent soil
Earth resistivity and No. 2 test sites for calculating the relationship inverting between soil resistivity are layered as a result, as shown in figure 5, with ground ground
It is larger to survey five layers of hierarchical gap of report.By to Wenner four-electrode methods soil resistivity measurement data analysis result in the prior art
Show that the soil layering of Wenner four-electrode method invertings is not more than three layers.
Consider small phoenix of document king etc.[3]It is middle using Wenner four-electrode methods measure soil resistivity and interpolar away from correspondence
As shown in table 4,
Small phoenix of 4 king of table etc.[3]Middle Wenner four-electrode methods measure soil resistivity and interpolar away from correspondence
| Interpolar is away from (m) | 1 | 5 | 10 | 25 | 50 | 80 | 120 | 200 | 300 |
| Soil resistivity (Ω m) | 85.1 | 63.2 | 45.1 | 64.1 | 99.9 | 113 | 162 | 216 | 254 |
And comparing calculation has been carried out to the data in table 4, the results are shown in Table 5：
Small phoenix of 5 king of table etc.[3]Middle Wenner four-electrode methods measure soil resistivity comparison of computational results twice
Pass through comparative analysis Wang little Feng etc.[3]9 groups of electric resistances of soil shown in the table 4 obtained using Wenner four-electrode methods
Rate data measure interpolar away from by 1m, span to 50m, 80m, 120m, 200m and 300m, theoretical maximum measures deep as seen from table
Degree is up to 225m.Table 5 gives the soil of calculation of offering advice hereinafter using CDEGS invertings based on 4 data of table calculated with the present embodiment
Structure is three levels structure.Wang little Feng etc.[3]The result shows that subsoil resistivity is about 301 Ω m, top layer soil
The nearly 19m with the sum of the thickness of middle layer soil；The result of calculation of the present embodiment illustrates that subsoil resistivity is 316 Ω m,
The sum of top layer soil and the thickness of middle layer soil about 23m.Generally speaking, the above soil resistivity data are based on, are used
The result and bibliography result of calculation that CDEGS software invertings obtain are more consistent, illustrate that No. 1 test site and No. 2 test sites are surveyed
Measuring Data Management Analysis has higher confidence level.
The result of table 5 also indicates that, when fathoming larger, the depth (19m) of the soil layering of calculating is measured with theoretical
There are larger difference, the top layers and middle layer Two layer soil resistivity of calculating to be both less than 100 Ω m for depth (225m), can letter
Top layer and middle layer singlely are considered as one layer this two layers, also mean that the soil according to Wenner four-electrode method measurement data invertings
Layering may be larger with practical soil texture difference.
In the present embodiment, according to non-equidistant four-electrode method measurement data in table 2, two experiments of CDEGS softwares inverting are utilized
Field soil texture, the results are shown in Table 6.
6 two test site non-equidistant four-electrode method measurement data inverting layering result statistics of table
Note：1. for the 1. measurement result of remarks in table 2；
2. in table 7 symmetrical Unequal distance four-electrode method measurement data as a result, more because measuring former it rains, soil is wetter,
It is smaller to measure resistance value.
Wherein, Fig. 6 lists No. 2 test site first time sampled datas (i.e. 2 corresponding data of serial number in table 6) analysis result,
Table 7 and Fig. 7 are listed in table 2 and are measured electric resistance of soil using symmetrical non-equidistant four-electrode method in the 4th sampling in No. 2 test sites respectively
The data (i.e. 6 corresponding data of serial number in table 6) and its analysis result of rate.For convenience of comparison, table 7 also gives used Wenner
The data that four-electrode method measures, and its analysis result is shown in fig. 8.
Symmetrical non-equidistant four-electrode method and Wenner four-electrode method date comprisions in 7 No. 2 test sites of table
By above-mentioned chart it is found that except in table 64 data of serial number because sampling same day Surfaces soil water content it is larger so that inverting knot
Fruit is that Two layer soil layering is outer, and the soil layering of other non-equidistant four-electrode method measurement data invertings is more apparent, is three layers
And the above soil layering.This means that the soil resistivity data based on the sampling of non-equidistant four-electrode method, can more meticulously reflect
Soil level delamination.
In addition, table 6 is as can be seen that No. 2 test site soil layering change in depth are larger.Wherein, serial number 5,6 is symmetrically non-etc.
It is more consistent with the practical depth of seam division of soil at No. 2 test sites away from corresponding result of calculation, it is (perfectly asymmetric more non-than serial number 2,3,4
Equidistant four-electrode method sampled data) result of calculation consistency it is good.
At No. 1 test site, the top layer soil resistivity of Wenner four-electrode method data inversions is about 59.44 Ω m, and bottom is thick
The soil resistivity for spending 7.28m is 41.60 Ω m, this result and the loess soil property relatively phase that No. 1 test site is same nature
Symbol.No. 1 test site soil using non-equidistant four-electrode method data inversion is three floor, wherein the soil resistivity of top layer is about
80.55 Ω m, middle layer soil resistivity are about 12.12 Ω m, and subsoil resistivity is 345.57 Ω m, this knot
Fruit relatively coincide with the practical soil in the Changsha geology Distribution Principle that soil is tighter more down, resistivity is higher.Two kinds of results show
The soil texture at No. 1 test site can be considered simple horizontal slice structure, be consistent substantially with actual conditions.But it is comparatively, non-
The result of equidistant four-electrode method data inversion is slightly better than the result of Wenner four-electrode method data inversions.
For No. 2 test sites, surveys the average result of data and above-mentioned CDEGS invertings with providing first, be shown in Table 8.It can by table
Know, No. 2 test sites from top to bottom have artificial earth fill's floor, mud, gravel matter stickiness soil layer, strong weathered granite floor, middle weathering
The multi-layer Soil layered structure that non-equidistant four-electrode method data in the horizontal slices such as sial, with table 6 calculate has preferable right
It should be related to, and there are greatest differences with two layers of more uniform soil of No. 2 test site Wenner four-electrode method invertings in table 3.Meanwhile root
Each layer soil property situation surveyed according to ground, combined standard《Ground resistance measures directive/guide》(GB/T 17949-2000), can estimate No. 2
The soil resistivity range of each horizontal slice in test site.Report is surveyed in base area, can be set five layers of soil and be fathomed accordingly, connect
It, according to the test philosophy of non-equidistant four-electrode method and Wenner four-electrode methods, sets corresponding interpolar away from inputting measurement data
CDEGS software invertings obtain the calculated value of soil resistivity.It was determined that Wenner four-electrode method results show that No. 2 test sites are each
Layer soil resistivity is in the sections 100-300 Ω m, and is incremented by from top to bottom, this obviously with No. 2 experiment field structures not phase
Symbol.Wherein, the 4th layer, the 5th layer of soil resistivity with to survey result difference larger, differ an order of magnitude；And non-equidistant quadrupole
Method result shows that each layer soil resistivity surveys data at the 1st, 2,3,5 layer with ground and have preferable correspondence.
Result is surveyed compared with the soil texture of CDEGS invertings in the ground at 8 No. 2 test sites of table
In the present embodiment, by span be 120 meters (i.e. equivalent interpolar is 40 meters away from a) as using Wenner four-electrode methods or
The critical value of non-equidistant four-electrode method, the equivalent interpolar of comparative analysis are 5 meters, 10 meters, 15 meters, 20 meters, 25 meters, 30 meters and 40 meters away from a
When the corresponding interpolar of two methods away from, i.e., span be 15 meters, 30 meters, 45 meters, 60 meters, 75 meters, 90 meters and 120 meters, be shown in Table 9.
The soil resistivity calculation formula of non-equidistant four-electrode method is：
In formula 1, ρ is the resistivity being calculated, and R is the grounding resistance (unit measured：Ω), Se1、Si、Se2It is not
Interpolar between homopolarity is away from Se1+Si+Se2For electric current interpolar away from,Inverse be non-equidistant four
The equivalent interpolar of pole method away from.
The soil resistivity calculation formula of Wenner four-electrode methods is：
The π of ρ=2 Ra (2)
In formula 2, ρ is the resistivity being calculated, and a is electrode spacing, and 3a is electric current interpolar away from unit：m.
Wherein, the equivalent interpolar of non-equidistant four-electrode method according to the part illustrated in formula (1) away from can acquire.
The interpolar of 9 different soils method of measuring resistivity of table is away from (unit：m)
As can be seen from Table 9, equivalent interpolar is away from 40m or less, and Wenner four-electrode methods interpolar is away from non-equidistant four-electrode method etc.
Effect interpolar is 1.8 away from having larger difference, the two ratio minimum value, and maximum value is about 4.In conjunction with the soil resistivity knot in table 7
From the point of view of fruit, when within 40m, Wenner four-electrode methods and the calculated value of the soil resistivity of non-equidistant four-electrode method also have electrode spacing
Different, soil layering result are also significantly different.Meanwhile equivalent interpolar away from for 40m when, it is corresponding theory investigation depth be
27m, and the soil of 27m depths generally has layering for current actual soil condition, therefore the soil within progress 40m depth
Earth is assumed to be two potential poles in inside potential difference when measuring will not decline rapidly, may there is unreasonable place.Because
Wenner four-electrode methods are the uniform soils that soil is assumed to unified media, it is desirable that electrode spacing when soil resistivity measures
It is equal, and arrange point-blank, by measuring the voltage value of two potential poles, to calculate the average soil electricity of target area
Resistance rate.
This hypothesis has ignored non-uniform electric in different medium, caused current density, electric field ladder in practice
The inconsistent influence to measurement result is spent, meanwhile, the changeable original electric field of polarization of soil electrolyte, the conduction of different mediums
Characteristic and electromagnetic wave also have measurement result different influences in the reflection of soil interface from transmission.Therefore work as electrode spacing
It is influenced to be also possible by above-mentioned factor when less, two potential poles should also be required to carry out electric resistance of soil close to two electric current poles
The measurement of rate.Meanwhile the test sites 2# are surveyed the inversion results of data, soil resistivity measurement data and each horizontal slice and are all proved
This point, therefore may be inaccurate away from the 40m separations selected as Wenner four-electrode methods and non-equidistant four-electrode method using interpolar.
Above-mentioned only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Although of the invention
Disclosed above with preferred embodiment, however, it is not intended to limit the invention.Therefore, every without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Content, technical spirit any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications made to the above embodiment, should all fall according to the present invention
In the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soil resistivity measurement method, it is characterised in that：It is less than the soil to be measured of default span for span, use is non-
Equidistant four-electrode method, which measures, obtains multigroup soil resistivity data.
2. soil resistivity measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Measuring soil resistivity data
Before, further include：Soil property is analyzed in advance, when the soil to be measured belongs to non-homogeneous soil, using non-equidistant four
Pole method, which measures, obtains multigroup soil resistivity data.
3. soil resistivity measurement method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The non-homogeneous soil refers to soil
The number of plies number of plies preset greatly；Or the content of non-soil solids matter is more than preset standard in soil.
4. soil resistivity measurement method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The non-soil solids matter packet
It includes：Rock and artificial works.
5. soil resistivity measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that：The non-equidistant four
For the inside interpolar of pole method away from more than 1 meter, the depth that electrode is inserted into soil is more than 0.2 meter.
6. soil resistivity measurement method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The non-equidistant four-electrode method is symmetrical
Non-equidistant four-electrode method.
7. soil resistivity measurement method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The symmetrical non-equidistant four-electrode method
Inside interpolar away from and outside interpolar away from ratio be more than or equal to 2.
8. soil resistivity measurement method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The value of the default span is
120 meters either 90 meters or 60 meters.
9. a kind of method of analysis soil fertility status, it is characterised in that：Pass through claim 1 to 8 any one of them soil
Method of measuring resistivity measures the resistivity for obtaining soil, and calculating software by soil layering is calculated soil fertility status.
10. the method for analysis soil fertility status according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The soil layering measuring and calculating
Software is CDEGS softwares, carries out inverting to the resistivity data of the soil by CDEGS softwares, obtains soil fertility status.
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