CN108547926A - A kind of tractor automatic gear shift transmission device - Google Patents
A kind of tractor automatic gear shift transmission device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108547926A CN108547926A CN201810354565.8A CN201810354565A CN108547926A CN 108547926 A CN108547926 A CN 108547926A CN 201810354565 A CN201810354565 A CN 201810354565A CN 108547926 A CN108547926 A CN 108547926A
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- Prior art keywords
- gear
- clutch
- axis
- power
- shift
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
- F16H47/06—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the hydrokinetic type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/028—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for reducing vibration or noise
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H61/0437—Smoothing ratio shift by using electrical signals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/2807—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted using electric control signals for shift actuators, e.g. electro-hydraulic control therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
- F16H2200/2043—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with five engaging means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tractor automatic gear shift transmission devices.It includes gearbox, creeper gear, central transmission, final drive gear, PTO power output device, it is characterized in that：It further include power shift case, electrolyte control part, power shift mechanism is provided in power shift case, power shift mechanism includes an axis of space layout triangular in shape, two axis, three axis, gear I is provided on one axis, high-gear clutch, gear III, gear II is provided on two axis, low regime clutch, gear IV, gear V is provided on three axis, Reversing Clutch, gear VI, gear II is meshed with the gear I and the gear V respectively, and gear I and gear V are not meshed, gear III is meshed with gear IV and gear VI respectively, and gear IV and gear VI are not meshed；The hollow input axis connection of spline housing I and the gearbox on one axis, the output end of an axis are connect by PTO clutches with PTO power output device after being passed through among the input shaft of gearbox.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tractor automatic gear shift transmission devices, belong to tractor technical field.
Background technology
Currently, the power commutation gear shift part of tractor generally uses common manual to hang shelves formula gear shift, power commutation part
Include mainly main clutch and mechanical commutation device, but this kind of structure type can not form continuous operation speed of machine, operation difficulty
Greatly, complicated for operation, labor intensity is big, high and low shift, preceding especially under the operating modes such as upward slope, descending, starting, gear shift, the edge of a field, steering
Switch between into, the multi gear position of reverse gear, gearbox, when operation is nervously fumbled, when there is the power of the agricultural machinery and implement such as hydraulic reversing plough defeated
When going out to operate, more have more visitors or business than one can attend to；And this kind of structure type shift when engine speed suddenly variation, while cause compared with
High oil consumption, and this kind of structure type shift time is long, when gear shift, will appear tractive force interruption, and output torque is interrupted, can not shape
At continuous operation speed of machine, the operation quality and working efficiency of tractor are influenced.
Invention content
In view of the above defects of the prior art, the present invention provides it is a kind of it is easy to operate, operation can be substantially reduced
Difficulty and labor intensity, power unbroken tractor fluid drive when improving low operation quality and working efficiency, oil consumption, gear shift
Transmission device.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution：A kind of tractor automatic gear shift transmission device, including speed change
Case, creeper gear, central transmission, final drive gear, PTO power output device, it is characterized in that：Further include power shift case, electricity
Liquid control section, the power shift case includes power shift box body, the power shift that is arranged in power shift box body
The babinet of mechanism, the power shift box body and the gearbox is detachably connected, and the power shift mechanism includes in the same direction
An axis, two axis, three axis for being arranged and being mutually parallel, an axis, two axis, three axis space layout triangular in shape, on an axis
Be disposed with gear I, high-gear clutch, gear III, the gear I be fixedly connected with an axis and with the high-grade clutch
The rotating hub of device is fixedly connected, and the rotating hub of the high-gear clutch couples with the friction plate partition board spline slide of high-gear clutch, institute
It states gear III with the friction plate spline slide of the high-gear clutch to couple, spline housing I is installed on the output end of an axis,
Be disposed with gear II, low regime clutch, gear IV on two axis, the gear II be fixedly connected with two axis and with
The rotating hub of the low regime clutch is fixedly connected, the rotating hub of the low regime clutch and the friction plate partition board spline of low regime clutch
It is slidably connected, the gear IV couples with the friction plate spline slide of the low regime clutch, is disposed on three axis
Gear V, Reversing Clutch, gear VI, the gear V and three axis be fixedly connected and with the rotating hub of the Reversing Clutch
It is fixedly connected, the rotating hub of the Reversing Clutch couples with the friction plate partition board spline slide of Reversing Clutch, the gear VI
Couple with the friction plate spline slide of the Reversing Clutch, the gear II respectively with V phase of the gear I and the gear
Engagement, and the gear I and the gear V are not meshed, the gear III respectively with the gear IV and the gear VI
It is meshed, and the gear IV and the gear VI are not meshed；The sky of spline housing I and the gearbox on one axis
The input axis connection of the heart, the output end of an axis passed through among the input shaft of the gearbox after by PTO clutches with
The PTO power output device connection；The electrolyte control part includes controller, the biography for measuring speed, rotating speed, angle
Sensor, gear shift executive component, gear shift panel, hydraulic system, the gear shift executive component, sensor, gear shift panel with it is described
Controller is electrically connected, and the high-gear clutch, low regime clutch, Reversing Clutch, PTO clutches are wet clutch,
The hydraulic system is connect by pipeline with each clutch and shift executive component, and the controller executes member by the gear shift
Part controls engagement state and the time of clutch to the size of clutch feed amount, when gear shift the high-gear clutch and low grade
One is engagement state in clutch and another is discrete state.
When the present invention works, engine power is passed to by an axis of power shift case.Power shift case includes power commutation
With high-low-grade two functions of power.When needing to advance in power top grade, power passes to gear I by an axis, and passes successively
High-gear clutch, spline housing I are passed, then active force is exported to gearbox, the high-gear clutch engagement of controller control at this time, low
Shelves clutch and Reversing Clutch separation；When need to support shelves in power advance when, power passes to gear I by an axis, and according to
Secondary to pass to gear II, low regime clutch, gear IV, gear III, spline housing I, then active force is exported to gearbox, this time control
Device control low regime clutch engagement processed, high-gear clutch and Reversing Clutch separation；When needing to fall back in backward gear, power
Gear I is passed to by an axis, and passes to gear II, gear V, Reversing Clutch, gear VI, gear III, spline housing I successively,
Then active force is exported to gearbox, the Reversing Clutch engagement of controller control at this time, high-gear clutch and low regime clutch point
From.When power needs to export to PTO power output device, controller controls PTO clutch engaging times, after power is by an axis
End is transferred to PTO power output device.
Further, the input terminal of an axis is provided with buffer.It, can effective vibration damping and buffering by the way that buffer is arranged
The output torque of engine.
Further, the high-gear clutch, low regime clutch, Reversing Clutch are mutually isostructural clutch,
It is provided with clutch adjust pad on the outside of the friction plate baffle of clutch.Due to clutch friction plate in process its two
The depth of parallelism, the flatness generally existing mismachining tolerance of a rubbing surface, are easy to cause that clutch engagement/disengagement is bad, and clutch connects
Conjunction/malsegregation is easy to cause clutch and cannot synchronize, and the phenomenon that gear beats tooth occurs, influences service life of equipment.By setting
Clutch adjust pad is set, the clutch adjust pad of suitable thickness can be selected to clutch according to the actual error of friction plate
Friction plate is adjusted, and to ensure the working condition of clutch, is ensured that three clutches can synchronize in place, is prevented and beat
Tooth phenomenon.
Further, the thickness of the clutch adjust pad is preferably 0.05-0.5mm.
Further, for ensure gear shift it is timely, the high-gear clutch, low regime clutch, Reversing Clutch working oil
Pressure is 1.8Mpa, the high-gear clutch, low regime clutch switching time be 0.5~1.0s, when the switching of Reversing Clutch
Between be 2.5s, PTO clutch engaging times be 3.0s.
Further, high-low-grade button, reversing handle, PTO button switches, transfer case are provided on the gear shift panel
Button switch is electrically connected with the controller.Using push button electric-controlled intelligent gear change system, automatic upshift or downshift are automatic to select
Suitable gear is selected, best power source is provided for different operating modes.
Further, rear axle of the hydraulic system also for gearbox and tractor provides forced feed lubrication.
Further, the power of engine is passed to power shift case by an axis, and the power shift case is dynamic high-grade, dynamic
Three power low grade, power reverse gear gears, wherein：
Power is high-grade：High-gear clutch engage, low regime clutch and Reversing Clutch separation, engine power by an axis →
I → high-gear clutch of gear → I → active force of spline housing is exported to gearbox；
Power is low-grade：Low regime clutch engage, high-gear clutch and Reversing Clutch separation, engine power by an axis →
I → gear of gear, II → low regime clutch → gear IV → gear, III → spline housing, I → active force is exported to gearbox；
Power reverses gear：Reversing Clutch engage, high-gear clutch and low regime clutch separation, engine power by an axis →
I → gear of gear, II → low regime clutch → V → Reversing Clutch of gear → VI → gear of gear, III → spline housing I → active
Power is exported to gearbox.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Power shift case in the present invention uses the shape of three axis, three clutch triangular space arrangement
Formula, compact-sized, original tractor wheelbase can be remained unchanged with whole length, you can complete machine arrangement is kept to join with major technique
Number does not change, but driver's operating system can be made to be more in line with human engineering requirement, driver by the way that power shift case is arranged
Complicated gearshift procedure can be completed within the extremely short time, greatly reduce operation difficulty and labor intensity, but also significantly
Operation quality is improved, the promotion of efficiency is realized；Power shift case has the function of that power commutation is high-two low-grade with power,
High and low shelves clutch is all made of electrichydraulic control with Reversing Clutch, can ensure that a minimum of one group of gear is dynamic in output during shift
Power, transforming gear do not interrupt power, and realization carries out continual gear shift, commutation, driving torque in the case where not cutting off power
Greatly, by switching height gear, advance gear number can be made double, i.e., each drive shift corresponds to a low grade, can by commutation
It realizes the change of tractor travel direction, obtains retroversion gear number identical with advance gear number, compared with prior art, the present invention exists
Application efficiency can be improved 30% on big-powered tractor, and have apparent effects of energy saving and emission reduction；The present invention is defeated using a shaft rear end
Go out PTO power, output shaft is passed through among the input shaft of gearbox, and the structure is not only more succinct in transmission, in space cloth
It sets also compacter, is convenient for the integral arrangement of complete machine, and the drive mechanism makes ride comfort in PTO wet clutch engaging process
It is good, without apparent impact；The present invention uses electric-controlled intelligent gear change system, automatic upshift or downshift, automatically selects suitable gear, can
Best power source is provided for different operating modes, improves service efficiency, while engine consumption is low, saves energy consumption；The present invention is relative to existing
There is the tractor in technology, the main clutch in original type, the device that drives in the wrong direction, overdrive, gas braking etc., operation can be fully phased out
Convenient, driver's operating system is more in line with human engineering requirement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the drive mechanism schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the power shifting case in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is mesh schematic representations of the A in Fig. 2 to forefront gear；
Fig. 4 is mesh schematic representations of the A in Fig. 2 to backgear；
Fig. 5 is the assembling structure schematic diagram of the low regime clutch and gear and two axis in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the electrichydraulic control schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the electrichydraulic control logical relation schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is power shift electrichydraulic control and lubricating system schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention；
In figure, 1, power shift case, 2, main-gear box, 3, auxiliary transmission, 4, creeper gear, 5, central transmission, final transmission
Mechanism, 6, PTO power output device, 7, one axis, 8, two axis, 9, three axis, 10, buffer, 11, gear I, 12, gear II, 13,
Gear III, 14, gear IV, 15, gear V, 16, gear VI, 17, high-gear clutch, 18, low regime clutch, 19, fall back clutch
Device, 20, transmission input shaft, 21, PTO clutches, 22, transfer case clutch, 23, crawl device, 24, spline housing I, 25, power
Shift gears box body, 26, clutch plunger, 27, friction plate partition board, 28, friction plate, 29, friction plate baffle, 30, baffle ring, 31, from
Clutch adjust pad, 32, clutch adjust pad baffle ring, 33, screw, 34, inner shield ring, 35, needle bearing, 36, rear baffle ring,
37, baffle ring, 38, check ring, 39, return spring, 40, the rotating hub of clutch, 41, gear pump, 42, oil absorption filter, 43, pressure
Power filter, 44, accumulator, 45, high-gear clutch control valve, 46, low regime clutch control valve, 47, reverse clutch control
Valve, 48, PTO clutch control valves, 49, transfer case clutch control valve.
Specific implementation mode
Below by non-limiting embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is further illustrated：
As shown in the picture, a kind of tractor automatic gear shift transmission device, including gearbox, creeper gear 4, central transmission, most
Whole transmission mechanism 5, PTO power output device 6, power shift case 1, electrolyte control part.The gearbox includes main-gear box 2
With auxiliary transmission 3, the gearbox is the prior art, and 1 grade, 2 grades, 3 grades, 4 grades of totally 4 four gears are equipped in main-gear box 2, secondary
Be equipped in gearbox 3 it is high-grade, low-grade, in low, middle high four gears, the input shaft 20 of the gearbox is hollow shaft.Creeper gear 4
Also it is the prior art, crawl device 23 is arranged inside.Central transmission, final drive gear 5 are also the prior art, and PTO power is defeated
It is the prior art to go out device 6 also.Power shift case 1 described herein is assembled into an individual components, is mounted on engine
Between gearbox comprising power shift box body 25, the power shift mechanism being arranged in power shift box body 25, institute
It states power shift box body 25 and the babinet of the gearbox is detachably connected, the power shift mechanism includes being arranged in the same direction simultaneously
An axis 7, two axis 8, three axis 9 being mutually parallel, an axis 7, two axis 8, three axis, 9 space layout triangular in shape, on an axis 7
It is disposed with gear I 11, high-gear clutch 17, gear III 13, spline housing I 24, institute are installed on the output end of an axis 7
It states and is disposed with gear II 12, low regime clutch 18, gear IV 14 on two axis 8, gear V is disposed on three axis 9
15, Reversing Clutch 19, gear VI 16.High-gear clutch 17, low regime clutch 18, Reversing Clutch 19 in the present invention are
Wet clutch, high-gear clutch 17, low regime clutch 18, Reversing Clutch 19 are mutually isostructural clutch.Such as 5 institute of attached drawing
Show, by taking low regime clutch as an example, the basic structure of clutch is the prior art, includes mainly wheel hub 40, is arranged in wheel hub 40
Clutch plunger 26, resetting spring 39, multiple friction plate partition boards 27, multiple friction plates 28.Resetting spring 39, friction plate partition board
27, friction plate 2 is arranged at the same side of clutch plunger 26, and friction plate 28 is arranged between two friction plate partition boards 27, rubs
The outside of pad 28 is provided with friction plate baffle 29, and friction plate partition board end face is provided with spline, wheel hub 40 and the friction of clutch
Piece partition board spline slide couples, and 28 end face of friction plate is also equipped with spline.For ease of the depth of parallelism and flatness mistake to friction plate
Difference is adjusted, and is ensured clutch work accuracy, is provided in the outside of the friction plate baffle 29 of clutch in the present embodiment
Baffle ring 30, clutch adjust pad 31, clutch adjust pad baffle ring 32, clutch adjust pad 31 setting baffle ring 30 and from
Between clutch adjust pad baffle ring 32, it is fixed together by screw 33 and friction plate baffle 29, clutch adjust pad 31
Thickness selects according to actual needs.The thickness of clutch adjust pad 31 is preferably 0.05-0.5mm.Each clutch and axis and tooth
The connection relation of wheel is：The gear I 11, which is fixedly connected with an axis 7 and is fixed with the rotating hub of the high-gear clutch 17, to be joined
It connects, the rotating hub of the high-gear clutch 17 couples with the friction plate partition board spline slide of high-gear clutch 17, the gear III 13
Couple with the friction plate spline slide of the high-gear clutch 17；The gear II 12 and two axis 8 be fixedly connected and with institute
The rotating hub for stating low regime clutch 18 is fixedly connected, the rotating hub of the low regime clutch 18 and the friction plate partition board of low regime clutch 18
Spline slide couples, and the gear IV 14 couples with the friction plate spline slide of the low regime clutch 18；The gear V 15
It is fixedly connected with three axis 9 and is fixedly connected with the rotating hub of the Reversing Clutch 19, the rotating hub of the Reversing Clutch 19
Couple with the friction plate partition board spline slide of Reversing Clutch 19, the friction plate of the gear VI 16 and the Reversing Clutch 19
Spline slide couples.The meshing relation of each gear is：The gear II 12 respectively with V 15 phase of the gear I 11 and the gear
Engagement, and the gear I 11 and the gear V 15 are not meshed, the gear III 13 respectively with the gear IV 14 and institute
It states gear VI 16 to be meshed, and the gear IV 14 and the gear VI 16 are not meshed.In the present invention, on an axis 7
Spline housing I 24 connect with the hollow input shaft 20 of the gearbox, the output end of an axis 7 is from the defeated of the gearbox
Enter and is connect with the PTO power output device 6 by PTO clutches 21 after being passed through among axis 20.PTO clutches 21 are also wet type
Clutch.The electrolyte control part includes controller, for measuring speed, rotating speed, the sensor of angle, gear shift execute member
Part, gear shift panel and hydraulic system, the gear shift executive component, sensor, gear shift panel are electrically connected with the controller.
The gear shift executive component includes reverse clutch control valve 47, high-gear clutch control valve 45, low regime clutch control valve
46, PTO clutch control valves 48, transfer case clutch control valve 49.As shown in Fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the hydraulic system
By pipeline respectively with reverse clutch control valve 47, high-gear clutch control valve 45, low regime clutch control valve 46, PTO from
Clutch control valve 48, transfer case clutch control valve 49 connect, each control valve by pipeline respectively with Reversing Clutch, it is high-grade from
Clutch, low regime clutch, PTO clutches, transfer case clutch connection, the hydraulic system are removed for high-low-grade, dynamic to power
Power commutation, PTO, five wet clutches of transfer case control and forced feed lubrication outside, also provide to gearbox and tractor rear axle
Forced feed lubrication.High-low-grade button, reversing handle, PTO button switches, transfer case button is provided on the gear shift panel to open
It closes, these buttons are connect with controller, wherein there are two gears for high-low-grade button：High gear clutch is normal engagement state；
High and low shift button, high-gear clutch separation are pressed, low regime clutch engagement clicks high and low shift button again in traveling, high-grade
Clutch engages, low regime clutch separation, and speed restores normal；There are three gears for reversing handle：N：Neutral gear, that is, interposition,
Three clutches are in discrete state at this time；F：Handle is lifted from N and is pushed forward again by drive shift, high-gear clutch or low
Shelves clutch engagement (being engaged according to high and low shift button current state), Reversing Clutch separation, tractor move ahead；R：It falls back
Shelves, handle is lifted from N and is pulled afterwards again, Reversing Clutch engagement, and (pressing is high at this time for high-gear clutch and low regime clutch separation
Low-grade button inactive), tractor is fallen back.In the present invention, it is respectively used to measure speed, rotating speed, the vehicle speed sensor of angle, rotating speed
The setting of sensor, angular transducer is compared with technology.The present invention controls the clutch currently engaged using electronic clutch pedal
Device obtains different fine motion speed with pedal travel variation, realizes that little progress function currently connects when electronic clutch pedal is floored
The clutch of conjunction is kept completely separate, and power interruption is, it can be achieved that major and minor varying-speed machinery gear shift.The controller passes through each clutch control
Valve processed controls engagement state and the time of clutch to the size of clutch feed amount.17 He of high-gear clutch when gear shift
One is engagement state in low regime clutch 18 and another is discrete state.
For effective vibration damping and the output torque of engine is buffered, is also arranged in the input terminal of an axis 7 in the present embodiment
It is also the prior art to have buffer 13, buffer 13.
In the present embodiment, power top grade transmission ratio 1.0, it is directly defeated from a shaft rear end that engine power passes through high-gear clutch
Go out power to main-gear box；Power low gear ratio 1.164, power is by low regime clutch and two-stage gear drive；Power falls
Shelves transmission ratio 1.026, power pass through Reversing Clutch and three-stage cylindrical gear.High-gear clutch, falls back clutch at low regime clutch
The operating oil pressure of three wet clutches of device is 1.8MPa, and Reversing Clutch switching time is generally 2.5s, power it is high-low-grade from
Clutch switching time is generally 0.5~1.0s, and PTO clutch engaging times are generally 3.0s.When tractor reverse gear starts switching,
Advance speed is not higher than 12km/h, system alarm when being higher than 12km/h, does not make commutation switching.
The power train electrichydraulic control in the present embodiment is illustrated below：
1, power shift case shares three high-grade power, power low grade, power reverse gear gears, realizes tractor dynamic power commutation
With the high and low shelves function of power.When work, the buffered device 13 of engine power is passed to an axis 7.
2, reversing handle pulls F (advancing), signal is passed to controller (TCU), controller passes through high-grade clutch
Device control valve 45 gives rapidly 17 fuel feeding of high-gear clutch, and the engagement of high-gear clutch 17 is (at this point, low regime clutch 18 and retroversion clutch
Device 19 detaches), the buffered device of engine power 13 is passed to power shift case at this time, passes through a 7 → gear of axis I 11 → high-grade clutch
Device 17 → spline housing, I 24 → active force is exported to gearbox.If you need to change speed, clutch pedal is stepped on, angular transducer will be believed
Number controller (TCU) is passed to, controller is stopped by high-gear clutch control valve 45 to high-gear clutch in power shift case
Fuel feeding, clutch are rapidly separated under the effect of its return spring.Gearbox active force is interrupted at this time, by major and minor shift
It is linked into suitable gear, come up clutch pedal, and controller is given according to angular transducer opening amount signal by clutch control valve
Clutch feed amount size controls engagement state and the time of clutch.
When encountering larger resistance in tractor advance operation, during traveling (without parking) press high and low shelves by
Signal is passed to controller (TCU) by button, and controller confirms that current tractor state is to advance according to vehicle speed sensor, control
Device stops giving high-gear clutch 17 fuel feeding by high-gear clutch control valve 45, and high-gear clutch 17 is under the effect of its return spring
It is rapidly separated.Low regime clutch control valve 46 gives rapidly 18 fuel feeding of low regime clutch, the moment that high-gear clutch 17 detaches simultaneously
Low regime clutch 18 engages.The buffered device of engine power 13 is passed to power shift case at this time, by a 7 → gear of axis I 11 →
Gear II 12 → low regime clutch, 18 → gear, IV 14 → gear, III 13 → spline housing, I 24 → active force is exported to gearbox.Control
Device processed controls engagement state and the time of clutch by clutch control valve to clutch feed amount size.High and low shelves are cut
It is 0.5s to change the time, and power does not interrupt, and speed can be made to reduce by 16%, increases tractive force and overcomes the resistance encountered, improves operation effect
Rate and manipulation convenience, reduce driver's labor intensity.High and low shelves button is clicked again (without parking) during advance,
High-gear clutch engages, low regime clutch separation, and speed restores normal.
3, reversing handle pulls R (falling back), signal is passed to controller (TCU), controller passes through reverse gear clutch
Device control valve 47 gives rapidly 19 fuel feeding of Reversing Clutch, the engagement of Reversing Clutch 19 (high-gear clutch 17 and low-grade clutch at this time
Device 18 detaches), the buffered device of engine power 13 is passed to power shift case at this time, passes through 7 → gear of axis, an I 11 → gear II 12
→ gear V 15 → Reversing Clutch, 19 → gear, VI 16 → gear, III 13 → spline housing, I 24 → active force is exported to gearbox.
If you need to change speed, step on clutch pedal, signal is passed to controller (TCU) by angular transducer, controller by reverse gear from
Clutch control valve 47 stops to 19 fuel feeding of Reversing Clutch in power shift case, and clutch divides rapidly under return spring effect
From.Gearbox active force is interrupted at this time, major and minor shift is linked into suitable gear, come up clutch pedal, controller
According to angular transducer opening amount signal, the joint shape of clutch is controlled to clutch feed amount size by clutch control valve
State and time.
When tractor is fallen back, high and low shelves button is pressed, signal is passed into controller (TCU), controller is according to speed
Sensor confirms that current tractor state is when falling back, and high and low shelves button inactive, controller does not execute the order.High and low shelves are pressed
Button can only be used when tractor advances.
When tractor reverse velocity is higher than 20km/h, controller passes through reverse gear clutch according to vehicle speed sensor feedback signal
The stopping of device control valve 47 gives Reversing Clutch 19 fuel feeding, and clutch is rapidly separated under return spring effect, falls back power cut.
Until tractor reverse velocity reduces 20km/h or less (by operations such as braking or gear shift), Reversing Clutch engagement is dragged
Machine drawing will continue to execute retroversion.
4, tractor is during advance, when needing to change direction of travel, without parking, reversing handle is directly pulled with
Signal is passed to controller (TCU) by the opposite gear of tractor travel direction (R), reversing handle, and controller is according to speed
Sensor confirms current Running Speed of Tractor.Such as it is less than 12km/h, controller is stopped by high-gear clutch control valve to height
Shelves clutch feed, clutch are rapidly separated under return spring effect.Controller is fast by reverse clutch control valve simultaneously
Speed gives Reversing Clutch fuel feeding, and the moment Reversing Clutch engagement of high-gear clutch separation, power commutating period is 2.5s.It is dilatory
Chance is slowed down rapidly until stopping then travelling in a reverse direction.
If current Running Speed of Tractor is higher than 12km/h, controller does not execute commutation function, and tractor will be after continuing
It sails, until tractor speed reduces 12km/h or less (by operations such as braking or gear shift), tractor can immediately begin to hold
Action edge commutation function.
5, power output engagement button (PTO button switches) is pressed, signal is passed into controller (TCU), controller root
According to speed probe feedback signal, (there are two speed probe, a monitoring PTO clutch input speed, another monitoring PTO
Clutch exports rotating speed), judge that the current input of PTO clutches 21 and output speed discrepancy, controller pass through PTO clutch control valves
48 control the engaging time of clutch to 21 fuel delivery size of PTO clutches, it is ensured that power output shaft rotary flat is suitable to be prevented from rushing
It hits.
When pressing power output separation button (PTO button switches), controller is given by the stopping of PTO clutch control valves 48
21 fuel feeding of PTO clutches, clutch are rapidly separated under return spring effect, and power output shaft stops operating.
6, transfer case engagement button (transfer case button switch) is pressed, signal is passed into controller (TCU), controller is logical
Transfer case clutch control valve 49 is crossed to 22 fuel feeding of transfer case clutch, clutch engagement, transfer case start-up operation.Due to transfer
Case requirement is relatively low, therefore does not monitor.
When pressing transfer case separation button (transfer case button switch), controller is stopped by transfer case clutch control valve 49
Only give transfer case clutch 22 fuel feeding, clutch is rapidly separated under return spring effect, and transfer case is stopped.
Other parts in the present embodiment are the prior art, and details are not described herein.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of tractor automatic gear shift transmission device, including gearbox, creeper gear (4), central transmission, final drive gear
(5), PTO power output device (6), it is characterized in that：Further include power shift case (1), electrolyte control part, the power shift
Case (1) includes the power shift mechanism of power shift box body (25), setting in power shift box body (25), the power
Gear shift box body (25) and the babinet of the gearbox are detachably connected, the power shift mechanism include in the same direction setting and it is mutual
A parallel axis (7), two axis (8), three axis (9), an axis (7), two axis (8), three axis (9) space layout triangular in shape, institute
State and be disposed with gear I (11), high-gear clutch (17), gear III (13) on an axis (7), the gear I (11) with it is described
One axis (7) is fixedly connected and is fixedly connected with the rotating hub of the high-gear clutch (17), the rotating hub of the high-gear clutch (17)
Couple with the friction plate partition board spline slide of high-gear clutch (17), the gear III (13) and the high-gear clutch (17)
Friction plate spline slide couples, and is equipped with spline housing I (24) on the output end of an axis (7), is set successively on two axis (8)
It is equipped with gear II (12), low regime clutch (18), gear IV (14), the gear II (12) is fixedly connected with two axis (8)
And be fixedly connected with the rotating hub of the low regime clutch (18), rotating hub and the low regime clutch (18) of the low regime clutch (18)
The connection of friction plate partition board spline slide, the friction plate spline slide of the gear IV (14) and the low regime clutch (18) joins
It connects, gear V (15), Reversing Clutch (19), gear VI (16), the gear V (15) is disposed on three axis (9)
It is fixedly connected with three axis (9) and is fixedly connected with the rotating hub of the Reversing Clutch (19), the Reversing Clutch (19)
Rotating hub couple with the friction plate partition board spline slide of Reversing Clutch (19), the gear VI (16) and the Reversing Clutch
(19) friction plate spline slide connection, the gear II (12) respectively with the gear I (11) and the gear V (15) phase
Engagement, and the gear I (11) and the gear V (15) are not meshed, the gear III (13) respectively with the gear IV
(14) it is meshed with the gear VI (16), and the gear IV (14) and the gear VI (16) are not meshed；Described one
Spline housing I (24) on axis (7) is connect with the hollow input shaft (20) of the gearbox, and the output end of an axis (7) is certainly
After being passed through among the input shaft (20) of the gearbox even by PTO clutches (21) and the PTO power output device (6)
It connects；The electrolyte control part includes controller, the sensor for measuring speed, rotating speed, angle, and gear shift executive component changes
Shelves panel, hydraulic system, the gear shift executive component, sensor, gear shift panel are electrically connected with the controller, the height
Shelves clutch (17), low regime clutch (18), Reversing Clutch (19), PTO clutches (21) are wet clutch, the liquid
Pressure system connect by pipeline and each clutch and shift executive component, the controller by the gear shift executive component to from
The size of clutch fuel delivery controls engagement state and the time of clutch, when gear shift the high-gear clutch (17) and it is low-grade from
One is engagement state in clutch (18) and another is discrete state.
2. tractor automatic gear shift transmission device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The input terminal of one axis (7)
It is provided with buffer (13).
3. tractor automatic gear shift transmission device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：The high-gear clutch
(17), low regime clutch (18), Reversing Clutch (19) are mutually isostructural clutch, in the friction plate baffle of clutch
(29) clutch adjust pad (31) is provided on the outside of.
4. tractor automatic gear shift transmission device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：The clutch adjust pad
(31) thickness is 0.05-0.5mm.
5. tractor automatic gear shift transmission device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：The high-gear clutch
(17), low regime clutch (18), Reversing Clutch (19) operating oil pressure be 1.8Mpa, it is the high-gear clutch (17), low-grade
The switching time of clutch (18) is 0.5~1.0s, and the switching time of Reversing Clutch is 2.5s, PTO clutch engaging times
For 3.0s.
6. tractor automatic gear shift transmission device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is provided on the gear shift panel
High-low-grade button, reversing handle, PTO button switches, transfer case button switch are electrically connected with the controller.
7. tractor automatic gear shift transmission device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The hydraulic system is also speed change
The rear axle of case and tractor provides forced feed lubrication.
8. tractor automatic gear shift transmission device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The power of engine is by an axis
(7) incoming power shift case, three dynamic high-grade, the power low grade of the power shift case, power reverse gear gears, wherein：
Power is high-grade：High-gear clutch engages, and low regime clutch and Reversing Clutch separation, engine power is by one axis → gear
I → high-gear clutch → I → active force of spline housing is exported to gearbox；
Power is low-grade：Low regime clutch engages, and high-gear clutch and Reversing Clutch separation, engine power is by one axis → gear
I → gear, II → low regime clutch → gear IV → gear, III → spline housing, I → active force is exported to gearbox；
Power reverses gear：Reversing Clutch engages, and high-gear clutch and low regime clutch separation, engine power is by one axis → gear
I → gear, II → low regime clutch → V → Reversing Clutch of gear → gear VI → gear, III → spline housing, I → active force is defeated
Go out to gearbox.
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| CN201810354565.8A CN108547926B (en) | 2018-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | A kind of tractor automatic gear shift transmission device |
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| CN201810354565.8A CN108547926B (en) | 2018-04-19 | 2018-04-19 | A kind of tractor automatic gear shift transmission device |
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| CN108547926B CN108547926B (en) | 2019-08-20 |
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| CN109442017A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-08 | 绍兴前进齿轮箱有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional cleaning vehicle rear axle drive system |
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| CN110905978A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-03-24 | 江苏常发农业装备股份有限公司 | Three-shaft high-low gear reversing assembly and high-low gear reversing system |
| CN112032261A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏沃得农业机械股份有限公司 | Tractor gearbox transmission device |
| CN113124112A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-16 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | Tractor power high gear and power reversing and crawling gear combined transmission device |
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| CN112032261A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏沃得农业机械股份有限公司 | Tractor gearbox transmission device |
| CN113124112A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-16 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | Tractor power high gear and power reversing and crawling gear combined transmission device |
| CN113124112B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-07-19 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | Tractor power high gear and power reversing and crawling gear combined transmission device |
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| CN108547926B (en) | 2019-08-20 |
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