CN108547035A - 一种聚乳酸纤维弹力面料 - Google Patents

一种聚乳酸纤维弹力面料 Download PDF

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CN108547035A
CN108547035A CN201810462282.5A CN201810462282A CN108547035A CN 108547035 A CN108547035 A CN 108547035A CN 201810462282 A CN201810462282 A CN 201810462282A CN 108547035 A CN108547035 A CN 108547035A
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polylactic
fiber
acid fiber
acid
elastic
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刘广飞
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Foshan City Clothing Design Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，采用纯聚乳酸纤维或与其它天然纤维混纺，然后与低温弹力纤维交织而成，通过在低温下条件下对纺织面料采用生物酶前处理工艺，通过果胶酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶对纺织面料退浆以除去织物上的杂质，双氧水对纺织面料漂白等前处理工序，既保证了面料的弹性和手感，又实现了面料的天然环保、抑菌亲肤、易洗快干等功能。

Description

一种聚乳酸纤维弹力面料
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种聚乳酸纤维弹力面料。
背景技术
随着生活水平的提高，人们在穿着方面摈弃了仅用于遮羞、保暖的观念，开始向健康、环保、时尚、舒适、功能化方向发展。传统的棉麻丝毛和石油基合成化学纤维已不能满足现代服饰对原料的需求，绿色环保纤维天然功能性面料的开发已经成为研究热点。玉米纤维Corn Fiber(聚乳酸PLA纤维)是以玉米陈粮、木薯、秸秆等植物中提取的淀粉为原料，经发酵转化成乳酸再经聚合，纺丝而成的生物基化学合成纤维。近几年来，在纺织服装行业，玉米纤维开始受到人们的重视。玉米纤维生产全过程对环境无害、无污染。同时，该纤维具有良好的生物可降解性，如果废弃后掩埋堆肥，几个月便会降解为二氧化碳和水，回归大自然，不污染环境。而且资源可再生，同时还具有良好的生物相容性和生物可吸收性，是一种全生态环保的天然功能性纺织新材料。
近年来，弹力面料衣物因其出色的弹性、随身附体、修身效果好而在市场上得到了日益广泛的应用。特别是弹力内衣和运动服饰，面料紧贴肌肤，材质的优劣对人体健康和舒适性至关重要。传统观念中，纯棉面料穿着比较舒适，安全环保，而且吸湿性好。但纯棉制品
不抑菌，排湿效果差。特别在夏天，人体容易出汗，纯棉内衣被汗水浸湿后无法快速排出，湿漉漉黏贴在身上很不舒服，增加了闷热感，而且容易滋生细菌。因此，兼具弹力纤维的优良弹性、面料稳定性和聚乳酸纤维的天然抑菌亲肤功能性面料亟待开发。此外，现有技术中的前处理工艺通常采用高温碱煮加高温氧漂工艺，需要大量的蒸汽，能耗高，污水排放量大，同时纺织面料的抗拉强度损失大，导致处理后的纺织面料在氧漂中存在破洞的风险。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供一种聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，前处理工序中大大减少了助剂的使用，降低了处理工艺的能耗，更加符合环保的要求。
为了解决上述问题，一种聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，其特征在于，采用低温弹力纤维与聚乳酸纤维交织而成，所述的聚乳酸纤维采用纯聚乳酸或与生物基天然纤维混纺而成，其中聚乳酸含量为30～97％，所述的低温弹力纤维占比低于20％；所述生物基天然纤维为天丝、Modal纤维、竹纤维、绢丝、棉纤维及羊绒、羊毛中的一种或多种；所述聚乳酸纤维弹力面料还经过如下处理：
步骤1，配置酶退浆液，并将纺织面料按照浴比为1:8～1:12浸渍在所述酶退浆液中20～50min，所述酶退浆液中包含果胶酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶，所述酶退浆液的p H值为6～9；
步骤2，将处理后的纺织面料依次进行的热水洗、温水洗、冷水洗、晾干，并在清水中煮炼；
步骤3，采用精炼酶、硅酸类螯合剂、精炼剂和30％的双氧水作为氧漂剂对经步骤2处理后的纺织面料进。
进一步的，所述聚乳酸纤维长丝规格为10D～200D；所述的低温弹力纤维为10D～100D。
进一步的，所述的低温弹力纤维为聚氨酯纤维。
进一步的，所述的低温弹力纤维为热定型温度低于120℃的纤维。
进一步的，所述的低温弹力纤维为聚烯烃纤维。
进一步的，所述酶退浆液的质量浓度为0.5％～2％。
进一步的，步骤1之后，且在步骤2之前，还包括对纺织面料依次进行的热水洗、温水洗、冷水洗和晾干步骤，其中，
所述热水洗的温度为80～90℃，温水洗的温度为40～50℃，冷水洗的温度5～10℃。
进一步的，步骤3中，所述精炼酶、硅酸类螯合剂、精炼剂和30％的双氧水的质量比为5～8:0.5～1:2～4:1。
进一步的，步骤3之后还包括中和步骤，所述中和步骤为将纺织面料浸入到一定浓度的柠檬酸溶液中，并在40～50℃的温度下反应10～30min。
进一步的，步骤2中，所述清水中煮炼以纺织面料平缩8‐12英寸为煮炼结束。
本发明的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料具有如下有益效果：
本发明在清水煮炼过程中不添加任何助剂，从而达到了产生废水废气较少的目的，相对于传统工艺节水、节电、节气、减排。
本发明通过对工艺的改进和氧漂剂配方的调整，使得半成品的毛效果优良、退浆干净，并能达到后道工序生产加工的要求，为后道工序提供了保证。
本发明的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料采用纯聚乳酸纤维或与其它天然纤维混纺，然后与低温弹力纤维交织而成，通过在低温下条件下对纺织面料采用生物酶前处理工艺，通过果胶酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶对纺织面料退浆以除去织物上的杂质，双氧水对纺织面料漂白等前处理工序，既保证了面料的弹性和手感，又实现了面料的天然环保、抑菌亲肤、易洗快干等功能。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
【实施例1】
本聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，采用低温弹力纤维与聚乳酸纤维交织成双线圈结构，所述的聚乳酸纤维采用聚乳酸纤维与其它生物基天然纤维混纺而成。经混纺得到聚乳酸纤维纱线，聚乳酸纤维纱线与低温弹力纤维交织成本聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，本弹力纤维面料中聚乳酸含量为50％，天丝纤维含量占30％，所述的低温弹力纤维占弹力面料重量百分比的20％。其前处理工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤1，将果胶酶4g/L、纤维素酶2g/L和淀粉酶1g/l分散于去离子水中配置成质量浓度为0.5％的酶退浆液，用0.1mol/L的NaOH调节上述酶退浆液的pH值为6。
将纺织面料按照浴比为1:8浸渍在上述酶退浆液中20min，并在50℃水浴中震荡1h。
步骤2，将浸渍酶退浆液的上述纺织面料依次进行热水洗、温水洗、冷水洗和晾干，其中，热水洗的温度为80℃，温水洗的温度为40℃，冷水洗的温度5℃。
步骤3，将步骤2中晾干后的纺织面料在清水中煮炼，纺织面料平缩8英寸为煮炼结束。
步骤4，采用精炼酶、硅酸类螯合剂、精炼剂和30％的双氧水作为氧漂剂对经上述清水煮炼后的纺织面料进行氧漂，氧漂时间为20min，氧漂温度为90℃，其中，按照质量比计，精炼酶：硅酸类螯合剂：精炼剂：30％的双氧水＝5:0.5:2:1。
步骤5，将氧漂后的纺织面料浸入到质量浓度为5％的柠檬酸溶液中，并在40℃的温度下中和反应10min。
上述中和处理后的纺织面料先用50℃清水洗，再用20℃清水洗，然后于90℃烘箱中烘干。
【实施例2】
采用低温弹力纤维与聚乳酸纤维交织而成，所述的聚乳酸纤维采用纯聚乳酸或与其它生物基天然纤维混纺而成，本聚乳酸纤维弹力面料中聚乳酸含量为50％，天然生物基纤维羊毛的含量为35％，所述的低温弹力纤维占本弹力面料重量百分比的15％。其前处理工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤1，将果胶酶6g/L、纤维素酶3g/L和淀粉酶2g/l分散于去离子水中配置成质量浓度为1.0％的酶退浆液，用0.1mol/L的NaOH调节上述酶退浆液的pH值为7。
将纺织面料按照浴比为1:10浸渍在上述酶退浆液中30min，并在50℃水浴中震荡1h。
步骤2，将浸渍酶退浆液的上述纺织面料依次进行热水洗、温水洗、冷水洗和晾干，其中，热水洗的温度为90℃，温水洗的温度为50℃，冷水洗的温度10℃。
步骤3，将步骤2中晾干后的纺织面料在清水中煮炼，纺织面料平缩10英寸为煮炼结束。
步骤4，采用精炼酶、硅酸类螯合剂、精炼剂和30％的双氧水作为氧漂剂对经上述清水煮炼后的纺织面料进行氧漂，氧漂时间为30min，氧漂温度为100℃，其中，按照质量比计，精炼酶：硅酸类螯合剂：精炼剂：30％的双氧水＝6:0.7:3:1。
步骤5，将氧漂后的纺织面料浸入到质量浓度为8％的柠檬酸溶液中，并在50℃的温度下中和反应20min。
上述中和处理后的纺织面料先用50℃清水洗，再用20℃清水洗，然后于90℃烘箱中烘干。
【实施例3】
采用低温弹力纤维与聚乳酸纤维交织而成，所述的聚乳酸纤维采用纯聚乳酸或与其它生物基天然纤维混纺而成，本聚乳酸纤维弹力面料中聚乳酸含量为50％，天然生物基纤维竹纤维的含量为35％，所述的低温弹力纤维占本弹力面料重量百分比的15％。其前处理工艺包括以下步骤：
步骤1，将果胶酶8g/L、纤维素酶5g/L和淀粉酶3g/l分散于去离子水中配置成质量浓度为2.0％的酶退浆液，用0.1mol/L的NaOH调节上述酶退浆液的pH值为9。
将纺织面料按照浴比为1:12浸渍在上述酶退浆液中50min，并在50℃水浴中震荡1h。
步骤2，将浸渍酶退浆液的上述纺织面料依次进行热水洗、温水洗、冷水洗和晾干，其中，热水洗的温度为90℃，温水洗的温度为50℃，冷水洗的温度10℃。
步骤3，将步骤2中晾干后的纺织面料在清水中煮炼，纺织面料平缩12英寸为煮炼结束。
步骤4，采用精炼酶、硅酸类螯合剂、精炼剂和30％的双氧水作为氧漂剂对经上述清水煮炼后的纺织面料进行氧漂，氧漂时间为40min，氧漂温度为120℃，其中，按照质量比计，精炼酶：硅酸类螯合剂：精炼剂：30％的双氧水＝8:1:4:1。
步骤5，将氧漂后的纺织面料浸入到质量浓度为10％的柠檬酸溶液中，并在50℃的温度下中和反应30min。
上述中和处理后的纺织面料先用50℃清水洗，再用20℃清水洗，然后于90℃烘箱中烘干。
综上，本发明的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料具有如下有益效果：
本发明在清水煮炼过程中不添加任何助剂，从而达到了产生废水废气较少的目的，相对于传统工艺节水、节电、节气、减排。
本发明通过对工艺的改进和氧漂剂配方的调整，使得半成品的毛效果优良、退浆干净，并能达到后道工序生产加工的要求，为后道工序提供了保证。
本发明通过在低温下条件下对纺织面料采用生物酶前处理工艺，通过果胶酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶对纺织面料退浆以除去织物上的杂质，最后由双氧水对纺织面料漂白，节能降耗，环境友好。
上述说明已经充分揭露了本发明的具体实施方式。需要指出的是，熟悉该领域的技术人员对本发明的具体实施方式所做的任何改动均不脱离本发明的权利要求书的范围。相应地，本发明的权利要求的范围也并不仅仅局限于前述具体实施方式。

Claims (8)

1.一种聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，其特征在于，采用低温弹力纤维与聚乳酸纤维交织而成，所述的聚乳酸纤维采用纯聚乳酸或与生物基天然纤维混纺而成，其中聚乳酸含量为30～97％，所述的低温弹力纤维占比低于20％；所述生物基天然纤维为天丝、Modal纤维、竹纤维、绢丝、棉纤维及羊绒、羊毛中的一种或多种；所述聚乳酸纤维弹力面料还经过如下处理：
步骤1，配置酶退浆液，并将纺织面料按照浴比为1:8～1:12浸渍在所述酶退浆液中20～50min，所述酶退浆液中包含果胶酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶，所述酶退浆液的pH值为6～9；
步骤2，将处理后的纺织面料依次进行的热水洗、温水洗、冷水洗、晾干，并在清水中煮炼；
步骤3，采用精炼酶、硅酸类螯合剂、精炼剂和30％的双氧水作为氧漂剂对经步骤2处理后的纺织面料进行氧漂，氧漂时间为20～40min，氧漂温度为90～120℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，其特征在于，步骤2中，所述热水洗的温度为80～90℃，温水洗的温度为40～50℃，冷水洗的温度5～10℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，其特征在于，步骤3中，所述精炼酶、硅酸类螯合剂、精炼剂和30％的双氧水的质量比为5～8:0.5～1:2～4:1；所述酶退浆液的质量浓度为0.5％～2％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，其特征在于，所述的聚乳酸纤维长丝规格为10D～200D。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，其特征在于，所述的低温弹力纤维为10D～100D。
6.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，其特征在于，所述的低温弹力纤维为聚氨酯纤维。
7.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，其特征在于，所述的低温弹力纤维为热定型温度低于120℃的纤维。
8.根据权利要求1所述的聚乳酸纤维弹力面料，其特征在于，所述的低温弹力纤维为聚烯烃纤维。
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