CN108546152B - Cryogenic heat-insulating material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cryogenic heat-insulating material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature storage and transportationThe cryogenic heat insulation material is prepared by reacting reinforced fibers, fillers and a polyurethane rigid foam material, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of reinforcing fiber, 0.1-20 parts of filler and 20-49.9 parts of polyurethane rigid foam material. The preparation method of the cryogenic heat-insulating material comprises the following steps: preparing a mixture from the reinforcing fibers and the filler according to a proportion, adding the polyurethane rigid foam material into the mixture, fully mixing, pouring, and curing and forming to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material. The integral density of the cryogenic heat-insulating material is 80-200 kg/m3The heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 22.0 mW/(m.K) at the average temperature of-170 ℃, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 1.5MPa at the temperature of-170 ℃, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 0.6MPa, and the combustion performance grade is not lower than grade B1 in GB8624-2012 'grading of combustion performance of building materials and products'.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of polyurethane composite materials, and particularly relates to a cryogenic heat-insulating material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Policy support, technical maturity and rapid growth in the market continue to rapidly develop cryogenic storage and transportation and utility facilities based on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). With the increasing shortage of energy and the increasing requirement for environmental protection, the nation is beginning to vigorously implement energy-saving and emission-reducing policies. The LNG alternative diesel oil and other traditional fuels have the advantages of high technical maturity, obvious energy-saving and environment-friendly effects, high economy and wide market development space.
The natural gas is transported and stored very importantly because the natural gas is produced in a place far away from the energy consumption area and cannot be effectively utilized. At present, the geometric volume is 500m3The LNG storage and transportation equipment is generally manufactured by adopting a common stacking heat insulation technology, and the thickness of the LNG storage and transportation equipment is 500m3The following cryogenic storage and transportation equipment is generally designed and manufactured using vacuum insulation techniques.In the aspect of heat insulation, LNG transport ships and pipelines are generally manufactured by adopting a common stacking heat insulation technology. The general thermal insulation by deposition is a material in which the outer surface of a low-temperature container is covered with thermal insulation, and the thermal insulation by deposition is generally used in the form of solid foam, powder, fiber, and the like, for example, foam such as polyurethane, phenol, polyimide, and the like, and expanded perlite, silica aerogel, and the like in pellet form. Rigid polyurethane foams with the lowest thermal conductivity are the best materials for cryogenic insulation, however, for low temperature storage and transportation and application equipment, the insulation material also needs to provide sufficient mechanical strength to ensure certain stability, and rigid polyurethane foams with relatively high density or containing reinforcing materials are commonly used. Furthermore, polyurethanes are flammable materials and are hazardous to use where oxygen condenses or leaks, and thus enhanced modification is generally required to meet the use requirements.
Patent EP1698649 discloses the preparation of an insulating polyurethane foam for lng carriers, using water as blowing agent, the thermal conductivity of the material is high and the foaming speed of the reaction mixture is fast at a certain fibre time, making it difficult to distribute the glass fibre mat uniformly.
Patent CN101578312B discloses a water blown rigid foam for insulation of lng tanks, comprising a reinforcing glass fibre mat, the foam having to be foamed very slowly and uniformly to further promote uniform distribution of the glass fibre mat in the rigid polyurethane foam. The production efficiency is low, and the process realization difficulty is high.
The patent 201610089464.3 discloses a high flame retardant glass fiber reinforced rigid polyurethane ultra-low temperature insulation material, which adopts 6-8 layers of continuous glass fiber felt, wherein the surface of the continuous glass fiber felt contains 0.5-1.5% of coupling agent, and the apparent density of the glass fiber is 400-450 g/m2. The glass fiber felt is difficult to be uniformly distributed and difficult to be industrially produced.
And the continuous fiber reinforced polyurethane foam materials disclosed in patents CN101235128A and CN101191010A and the chopped glass fiber powder reinforced polyurethane thermal insulation material disclosed in patent CN101781395A are not used for cold insulation in ultra-low temperature environment.
Therefore, research and development of a cryogenic heat-insulating material with high mechanical strength, low heat conduction and flame retardance are needed at present, and the application requirements of low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a cryogenic heat-insulating material with high mechanical strength, low heat conduction and flame retardance for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the cryogenic heat insulating material for low temperature storage and transportation and application equipment is prepared by reacting reinforced fiber, filler and polyurethane rigid foam material, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of reinforcing fiber, 0.1-20 parts of filler and 20-49.9 parts of polyurethane rigid foam material;
the reinforced fibers are short chopped fibers with the length of 5-10 mm;
the filler is inorganic particles with the particle size of 80-3000 meshes;
the polyurethane hard foam foaming material comprises a component A and a component B in a weight ratio of 100 (120-180);
the component A comprises 100 parts of polyol, 1.5-5.0 parts of catalyst, 2-30 parts of foaming agent, 1.5-3.0 parts of water, 10-30 parts of flame retardant and 0.5-4.0 parts of foam stabilizer;
the component B is polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate.
Random flow of the chopped fibers with the length of 5-10 mm in the matrix is utilized to form non-directional distribution, and the pore structure and the number of the chopped fibers in the material are optimized, so that the strength of the material is improved, and the stability of the material at low temperature is ensured. The addition of the inorganic filler can further improve the strength of the material. If the fibers and the inorganic filler are excessively added, the cohesive force of the material is reduced, and the problems of crushing, cracking and the like are easy to occur, within the limited range, the fibers mainly play a bearing role, a reticular structure is formed due to different orientations to constrain the rigid polyurethane foam matrix, the inorganic particles of the filler can play a lubricating role, in addition, the fibers are thicker and longer compared with the inorganic particles, the particles can be filled in the area which cannot be filled in the fibers, the size complementation and the function complementation are formed, a better synergistic effect is achieved, and the flame retardant property of the material can be improved while the obtained material achieves high strength.
The variety of the reinforcing fiber greatly influences the mechanical strength of the material, and the reinforcing fiber in the cryogenic insulation material is preferably one of glass fiber and carbon fiber. The glass fiber and the carbon fiber have high strength, and the glass fiber or the carbon fiber is used as the reinforcing fiber, so that the compression strength and the tensile strength of the material can be improved, and the material is ensured to have better mechanical stability.
In order to reduce the adsorption effect of inorganic particles on a polyurethane liquid raw material and realize uniform dispersion of the inorganic particles so as to play a reinforcing role, the particle size of the inorganic particles is 80-3000 meshes. When the particle size of the inorganic particles is larger than 80 mesh, the inorganic particles cannot be uniformly dispersed in the matrix together with the fibers, and defects are easily generated, thereby deteriorating the physical and mechanical properties of the thermal insulation material. If the particle size is larger than 3000 meshes, the interparticle action is too strong, and the inorganic particles are easy to agglomerate, which is not beneficial to further improving the material strength. In the invention, inorganic particles hardly adsorbed by the polyurethane rigid foam material are selected to be made of materials with smaller particle size; while inorganic particles having a large amount of adsorption to the polyurethane rigid foam are selected as the material having a suitably large particle diameter.
Preferably, the inorganic particles are selected from any one or a mixture of more than two of titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, antimony trioxide, expandable graphite, red phosphorus, borax, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, silicon carbide, sulfate, carbonate, silicate, phosphate, expanded perlite, vitrified micro-beads, hollow glass micro-beads and hollow ceramic micro-beads in any proportion.
Specific examples are: silica such as quartz sand, silica powder, silica micropowder; silicon carbide such as mozzanine, carborundum; sulfates such as barite powder, gypsum powder, waste gypsum powder, alum powder; carbonates such as lime powder, ash calcium powder, shell powder, marble powder, calcite powder, dolomite powder, chalk powder; silicates such as diopside powder, tremolite powder, wollastonite powder, hornblende powder, talc powder, mica powder, feldspar powder, nepheline powder, zeolite powder, vermiculite powder, periclase powder, attapulgite powder, sepiolite powder, illite powder, rectorite powder, serpentine powder, basalt powder, andesite powder, granite powder, medical stone powder, pitchstone powder, pumice powder, tuff powder, volcanic ash, scoria, kaolin, montmorillonite, bentonite, illite, saponite powder, halloysite powder, mullite powder; phosphates such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate.
Preferably, the polyol is a mixture of any one or more than two of polyether polyol and polyester polyol in any proportion, wherein the polyether polyol is prepared by the reaction of an initiator and an alkylene oxide, and the alkylene oxide is selected from propylene oxide and/or ethylene oxide; the polyester polyol is selected from aliphatic polyester polyol and/or aromatic polyester polyol.
The mass fraction of isocyanate group NCO in the polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate is 30-32%, such as polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate of models M20S and M50 of Pasteur company, PM-200 and PM-400 of Wanhua chemistry, M200 of Jinhu Sanjing and the like.
Preferably, the foaming agent is one or more of HCFC-141b, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, pentane, water or carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the flame retardant is at least one of trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, triisopropylphenyl phosphate, diphenylisooctyl phosphate, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (2, 3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, tris (hydroxymethyl) phosphine oxide, and melamine.
The catalyst may be any one or a mixture of two or more of catalysts known in the art, for example, solutions of triethanolamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, triethylenediamine, 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 1,3, 5-tris (dimethylaminopropyl) sym-hexahydrotriazine, a carboxylate, a quaternary ammonium salt, dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, potassium isooctanoate-dipropylene glycol, and the like.
The foam stabilizer is a silicone foam stabilizer used in the art, and AK8805, AK8811, AK8830, B8460, B8481, B8486, Niax L-5440, and the like can be used.
One skilled in the art may also add antioxidants, smoke suppressants, cross-linking agents, pigments, etc., as desired.
The polyurethane rigid foam material can quickly permeate into the reinforcing fibers and the filler, and the uniform distribution of the reinforcing fibers and the filler in the polyurethane rigid foam is ensured.
Preferably, the cryogenic heat insulation material for the low-temperature storage, transportation and application equipment is plate-shaped, tubular or special-shaped.
The bulk density of the cryogenic heat-insulating material is 80-200 kg/m3。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the cryogenic heat-insulating material for the low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment, which comprises the following steps of sequentially connecting: preparing a mixture from the reinforcing fibers and the filler according to a proportion, sequentially or simultaneously adding A, B components of the polyurethane rigid foam material in a continuously metered amount into the mixture, fully mixing, pouring, and curing and forming at the curing temperature of 30-90 ℃ for 10-20 min to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material.
By adopting the preparation method, the reaction speed of the polyurethane rigid foam foaming material is synchronous with the wetting speed of the reinforcing fiber and the filler, the reaction is stable, the omnibearing coating of the organic material on the reinforcing fiber and the filler is realized, the surface groups of the fiber and the polyurethane polymer chain are promoted to form adhesive joint, and meanwhile, the polyurethane rigid foam material seals the surface pores of the inorganic particles to form a coating structure, so that the reinforcing effect of the fiber and the filler is fully exerted.
The prior art is referred to in the art for techniques not mentioned in the present invention.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the invention adopts hard polyurethane foam as a substrate, keeps higher closed cell rate and finer cells, and the overall density of the obtained cryogenic heat-insulating material is 80-200 kg/m3The heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 22.0 mW/(m.K) at the average temperature of-170 ℃, and the material is suitable for being used as an ultralow temperature cold insulation material.
2. According to the invention, a fiber and inorganic filler composite reinforcement mode is adopted, the synergistic effect among materials is exerted, the strength and the flame retardant property of the heat-insulating material are improved, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 1.5MPa at the temperature of minus 170 ℃, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 0.6MPa, and the combustion performance grade is not lower than grade B1 in GB8624-2012 'building material and product combustion performance grading'.
3. The invention adopts the chopped strand-shaped fiber material, and the good dispersion and distribution characteristics of the chopped strand-shaped fiber material can greatly enhance the physical and mechanical properties of the polyurethane rigid foam.
4. The preparation method adopted by the invention is simple to operate and can realize industrial large-scale production.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
In the following examples, the density was measured in accordance with GB/T6343-2009 "measurement of apparent density of foam and rubber". The thermal conductivity was measured at an average temperature of-170 ℃ according to GB/T10294-2008 "method for measuring thermal insulation Material Stable thermal resistance and related characteristics of thermal insulation plate". The compressive strength was determined at-170 ℃ according to GB/T8813-2008 "determination of compression Properties of rigid foams". The tensile strength was determined according to ISO 1926:2009 tensile Property of rigid foams at-170 ℃. The combustion performance was determined according to GB8624-2012 "grading of combustion performance of building materials and products".
Example 1
Preparation of reinforcing fibers: 50 parts by weight of a glass fiber having a fiber length of 5 mm;
preparation of the filler: 7 parts of 100-120-mesh silica sand, 5 parts of 100-mesh expandable graphite, 3 parts of 100-mesh calcium hydroxide and 5 parts of 400-mesh carborundum;
preparing a component A of the polyurethane rigid foam material: taking 60 parts by weight of polyether polyol (HP2502, Hongbaoli), 40 parts by weight of polyether polyol (H4650, Hongbaoli), 2 parts by weight of triethanolamine, 1.5 parts by weight of 1,3, 5-tris (dimethylaminopropyl) symmetric hexahydrotriazine, 2 parts by weight of foaming agent water, 1.5 parts by weight of water, 15 parts by weight of diphenyl isooctyl phosphate and 3 parts by weight of foam stabilizer AK8830 (Maillard); and B component: 225 parts by weight of a polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate M20S (Basf);
preparing a mixture by the reinforcing fiber and the filler according to a proportion, sequentially adding A, B components (the weight ratio is 100:180) of the polyurethane rigid foam material in a continuously metered manner into the mixture, fully mixing and pouring the mixture, and curing and molding the mixture for 15min at the curing temperature of 65 ℃ to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material.
Example 2
Preparation of reinforcing fibers: 50 parts by weight of a carbon fiber having a fiber length of 10 mm;
preparation of the filler: 0.1 part by weight of 800-mesh silicon powder;
preparing a component A of the polyurethane rigid foam material: 23 parts of polyether polyol (H4110, Hongbaoli), 77 parts of polyester polyol (PS-2502, Stepan), 1.9 parts of triethylene diamine, 0.4 part of potassium isooctanoate-dipropylene glycol solution, 8 parts of pentane, 7 parts of HFC-245fa, CO210 parts by weight of water, 1.6 parts by weight of tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, 20 parts by weight of dimethyl methyl phosphate and 4 parts by weight of foam stabilizer B8460 (Degussa); preparation of the B component: 228 parts by weight of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate M200 (Jinhu Sanjing);
preparing a mixture by the reinforcing fiber and the filler according to a proportion, simultaneously adding A, B components (the weight ratio is 100:140) of the polyurethane rigid foam material in a continuously metered amount into the mixture, fully mixing and pouring the mixture, and curing and molding the mixture for 20min at the curing temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material.
Example 3
Preparation of reinforcing fibers: 60 parts by weight of carbon fibers having a fiber length of 5 mm;
preparation of the filler: 5 parts of 325-mesh titanium dioxide, 5 parts of 200-mesh borax, 5 parts of 2500-mesh calcite powder and 5 parts of 400-mesh hollow glass beads;
preparing a component A of the polyurethane rigid foam material: taking 100 parts by weight of polyester polyol (PS-2852, Stepan), 4.5 parts by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 0.5 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate, 23 parts by weight of HCFC-141b, 2 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, 10 parts by weight of dimethyl methyl phosphate and 1.15 parts by weight of foam stabilizer AK8805 (Maillard); preparation of the B component: polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate M50(Basf)227 parts by weight;
preparing a mixture by the reinforcing fiber and the filler according to a proportion, sequentially adding A, B components (the weight ratio is 100:150) of the polyurethane rigid foam material in a continuously metered manner into the mixture, fully mixing and pouring, curing and molding for 12min, and controlling the curing temperature at 70 ℃ to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material, wherein the weight ratio of the reinforcing fiber, the filler and the polyurethane rigid foam material is 60:20: 20.
Example 4
Preparation of reinforcing fibers: 60 parts by weight of a glass fiber having a fiber length of 10 mm;
preparation of the filler: 5 parts of 200-270 mesh aluminum hydroxide and 5 parts of 2000 mesh lime powder;
preparing a component A of the polyurethane rigid foam material: taking 15 parts by weight of polyester polyol (DM2003, Beijing Demei), 85 parts by weight of polyester polyol (HF-8730, Huafeng), 1.0 part by weight of triethylene diamine, 0.5 part by weight of potassium isooctanoate-dipropylene glycol solution, 21 parts by weight of HFC-365mfc, 9 parts by weight of pentane, 1.5 parts by weight of water, 15 parts by weight of triethyl phosphate, 5 parts by weight of trihydroxymethyl phosphine oxide and 0.5 part by weight of foam stabilizer B8481 (Degussa); preparation of the B component: 230 parts by weight of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate PM-200 (Wawawa chemical);
preparing a mixture by the reinforcing fiber and the filler according to a proportion, adding the component B of the polyurethane rigid foam material which is continuously metered into the mixture, then adding the component A which is continuously metered (the weight ratio is 100:150), wherein the weight ratio of the reinforcing fiber, the filler and the polyurethane rigid foam material is 60:10:30, fully mixing, pouring, curing and forming for 15min, and controlling the curing temperature to be 55 ℃ to obtain the thermal insulation material with deep cooling.
Example 5
Preparation of reinforcing fibers: 52 parts by weight of carbon fibers having a fiber length of 7 mm;
preparation of the filler: 5 parts of 800-mesh magnesium hydroxide and 2 parts of 200-mesh barite powder;
preparing a component A of the polyurethane rigid foam material: taking 22 parts by weight of polyether polyol (H4520, Hongbaoli), 55 parts by weight of polyester polyol (DM2003, Beijing Demei), 23 parts by weight of polyester polyol (PS-2402, Stepan), 2.1 parts by weight of 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 0.4 part by weight of potassium isooctanoate-dipropylene glycol solution, 20 parts by weight of HCFC-141b, 3 parts by weight of water, 12 parts by weight of tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate and 1.2 parts by weight of foam stabilizer AK8811 (Maillard); preparation of the B component: 222 parts by weight of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate M200 (Jinhu Sanjing);
preparing a mixture by the reinforcing fiber and the filler according to a proportion, adding the component B of the polyurethane rigid foam material which is continuously metered into the mixture, then adding the component A which is continuously metered (the weight ratio is 100:160), wherein the weight ratio of the reinforcing fiber to the filler to the polyurethane rigid foam material is 52:7:41, fully mixing, pouring, curing and molding, the curing time is 20min, and the curing temperature is controlled at 30 ℃ to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material.
Example 6
Preparation of reinforcing fibers: 58 parts by weight of a glass fiber having a fiber length of 7 mm;
preparation of the filler: 7 parts of 1300-mesh wollastonite powder and 3 parts of 2000-mesh basalt powder;
preparing a component A of the polyurethane rigid foam material: taking 30 parts by weight of polyether polyol (H9211, Hongbaoli), 10 parts by weight of polyether polyol (HP2502, Hongbaoli), 60 parts by weight of polyester polyol (DM2003, Beijing Demei), 1.15 parts by weight of 2,4, 6-tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 0.55 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate, 15 parts by weight of HCFC-141B, 8 parts by weight of pentane, 1.8 parts by weight of water, 16 parts by weight of triethyl phosphate, 10 parts by weight of dimethyl methylphosphonate and 1.4 parts by weight of foam stabilizer B8486 (Degussa); preparation of the B component: 185 parts by weight of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate PM-400 (Wawa chemical);
preparing a mixture by the reinforcing fiber and the filler according to a proportion, simultaneously adding A, B components (the weight ratio is 100:120) of the polyurethane rigid foam material in a continuously metered amount into the mixture, fully mixing and pouring the mixture, curing and molding the mixture for 10min, and controlling the curing temperature at 90 ℃ to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material.
Example 7
Preparation of reinforcing fibers: 55 parts by weight of a glass fiber having a fiber length of 8 mm;
preparation of the filler: 2 parts of 325-mesh talcum powder and 3 parts of 200-270-mesh expanded perlite;
preparing a component A of the polyurethane rigid foam material: 60 parts of polyether polyol (HP3201, red Baoli), 10 parts of polyether polyol (HP2502, red Baoli), 30 parts of polyether polyol (H4110, red Baoli), 0.8 part of triethylene diamine, 1.0 part of dimethyl cyclohexylamine, 0.5 part of potassium isooctanoate-dipropylene glycol solution and a foaming agent CO215 parts by weight of water, 2.4 parts by weight of tris (2, 3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, and 1.6 parts by weight of foam stabilizer B8460 (degussa); preparation of the B component: 218 parts by weight of a polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate M20S (Basf);
preparing a mixture by the reinforcing fiber and the filler according to a proportion, sequentially adding A, B components (the weight ratio is 100:160) of the polyurethane rigid foam material in a continuously metered manner into the mixture, fully mixing and pouring the mixture, and curing and molding the mixture for 17min at the curing temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material.
Example 8
Preparation of reinforcing fibers: 55 parts by weight of a glass fiber having a fiber length of 8 mm;
preparation of the filler: 2 parts of 140-200-mesh quartz sand and 3 parts of 100-mesh vitrified micro-beads;
preparing a component A of the polyurethane rigid foam material: taking 60 parts by weight of polyether polyol (HP3201, red Baoli) and 10 parts by weight of polyether polyol (HP2502, red Baoli),30 parts by weight of polyether polyol (H4110, Hongbaoli), 0.8 part by weight of triethylene diamine, 1.0 part by weight of dimethylcyclohexylamine, 0.5 part by weight of potassium acetate-ethylene glycol solution and foaming agent CO215 parts by weight, 2.4 parts by weight of water, 10 parts by weight of diethyl N, N-bis (2-hydroxyisopropyl) aminomethylphosphonate and 1.6 parts by weight of foam stabilizer AK8804 (Maillard); preparation of the B component: polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate PM-200 (Vanhua Chemicals) 210 parts by weight;
preparing a mixture by the reinforcing fiber and the filler according to a proportion, sequentially adding A, B components (the weight ratio is 100:160) of the polyurethane rigid foam material in a continuously metered manner into the continuously conveyed mixture, wherein the weight ratio of the reinforcing fiber to the filler to the polyurethane rigid foam material is 55:5:40, fully mixing, pouring, curing and molding for 17min, and controlling the curing temperature to be 55 ℃ to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material.
The cryogenic insulation materials obtained in examples 1 to 8 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 evaluation of properties of materials in examples
The results prove that the cryogenic heat-insulating material has good heat insulation and cold insulation and mechanical strength characteristics, the combustion performance grade can reach B1 grade, and the cryogenic heat-insulating material can be applied to the technical fields of low-temperature storage and transportation, application equipment and the like.
As noted above, while the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limited thereto. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The cryogenic heat insulation material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment is characterized by being prepared by reacting reinforced fibers, fillers and a polyurethane rigid foam material, and comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of reinforcing fiber, 0.1-20 parts of filler and 20-49.9 parts of polyurethane rigid foam material;
the reinforced fibers are short chopped fibers with the length of 5-10 mm;
the filler is inorganic particles with the particle size of 80-3000 meshes;
the polyurethane hard foam foaming material comprises a component A and a component B in a weight ratio of 100 (120-180);
the component A comprises 100 parts of polyol, 1.5-5.0 parts of catalyst, 2-30 parts of foaming agent, 1.5-3.0 parts of water, 10-30 parts of flame retardant and 0.5-4.0 parts of foam stabilizer;
the component B is polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate.
2. The cryogenic insulation material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the reinforcing fiber is one of glass fiber or carbon fiber.
3. The cryogenic insulation material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the inorganic particles are any one or a mixture of more than two of titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, antimony trioxide, expandable graphite, red phosphorus, borax, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, silicon carbide, sulfate, carbonate, silicate, phosphate, expanded perlite, vitrified micro-beads, hollow glass micro-beads and hollow ceramic micro-beads in any proportion.
4. The cryogenic insulation material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the polyol is a mixture composed of any one or more than two of polyether polyol and polyester polyol in any proportion; the mass fraction of isocyanate group NCO in the polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate is 30-32%.
5. The cryogenic insulation material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the foaming agent is one or more of HCFC-141b, HFC-245fa, HFC-365mfc, pentane, water or carbon dioxide.
6. The cryogenic insulation material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the flame retardant is at least one of trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, triisopropylphenyl phosphate, diphenyl isooctyl phosphate, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (2, 3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, tris (hydroxymethyl) phosphine oxide or melamine.
7. The cryogenic insulation material for low temperature storage and transportation and application equipment according to claim 1, wherein the cryogenic insulation material is plate-shaped, tubular or profiled.
8. The cryogenic insulation material for low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment according to claim 1, wherein the bulk density of the cryogenic insulation material is 80-200 kg/m3。
9. The method for preparing the cryogenic heat-insulating material for the low-temperature storage and transportation and application equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: comprises the following steps that: preparing a mixture from the reinforcing fibers and the filler according to a proportion, sequentially or simultaneously adding A, B components of the polyurethane rigid foam material in a continuously metered amount into the mixture, fully mixing, pouring, and curing and forming at a curing temperature controlled between 30 and 90 ℃ to obtain the cryogenic heat-insulating material.
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