CN108546050B - Fly ash-based concrete - Google Patents
Fly ash-based concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN108546050B CN108546050B CN201810707412.7A CN201810707412A CN108546050B CN 108546050 B CN108546050 B CN 108546050B CN 201810707412 A CN201810707412 A CN 201810707412A CN 108546050 B CN108546050 B CN 108546050B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses fly ash-based concrete which comprises, by mass, 300 parts of artificial fly ash coarse aggregate 200-plus material, 50-150 parts of artificial fly ash fine aggregate, 5-20 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of geopolymer cement, 0.5-3 parts of a water reducing agent, 20-40 parts of water and 5-15 parts of an additive. The fly ash-based concrete prepared by the invention can reduce the volume weight of the concrete while ensuring the strength of the concrete, and has excellent thermal stability and chemical stability. The invention uses the fly ash as the matrix material, can fully recycle the fly ash and solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by the fly ash.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete, and particularly relates to fly ash-based concrete.
Background
Concrete is a general term for engineering composite materials in which aggregate is cemented into a whole by a cementing material. The term concrete generally refers to cement as a cementing material and sand and stone as aggregate; the cement concrete, also called as common concrete, is obtained by mixing with water (which may contain additives and admixtures) according to a certain proportion and stirring, and is widely applied to civil engineering.
The aggregate in the traditional concrete is natural sandstone, so that the volume weight of the traditional concrete is higher. Meanwhile, natural sandstone has been greatly limited in mining due to environmental problems. In addition, the traditional concrete has poor high temperature resistance and fire resistance, and potential safety hazards are easy to appear.
The fly ash is a pozzolanic material and has no gelation property, when water exists at normal temperature, the fly ash can perform secondary reaction with concrete to generate hydrated calcium silicate gel which is insoluble in water, so that the possibility of dissolution is reduced, pores in the concrete are filled, and the strength and the impermeability of the concrete are improved. If the fly ash is not treated properly, the fly ash can cause environmental pollution.
The fly ash is used as a matrix for preparing the concrete, so that the problems of the traditional concrete can be solved, and the fly ash can be reasonably recycled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide concrete using fly ash as a matrix, which has lower volume weight and better high-temperature resistance and can replace the traditional concrete to be used as a building material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the fly ash-based concrete comprises, by mass, 300 parts of artificial fly ash coarse aggregate 200-150 parts, artificial fly ash fine aggregate 50-150 parts, silica fume 5-20 parts, geopolymer cement 100 parts, water reducing agent 0.5-3 parts, water 20-40 parts and additive 5-15 parts.
Furthermore, the artificial fly ash coarse aggregate is fly ash ceramsite; wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the fly ash ceramsite is 15-25MPa, and the volume weight is 1000-1200kg/m3The grain diameter is 5-20 mm.
Furthermore, the artificial fly ash fine aggregate is fly ash pottery sand; wherein the volume weight of the fly ash pottery sand is 900-3The grain diameter is 0.25-3 mm.
Furthermore, the geopolymer cement comprises 100 parts of fly ash, 10-30 parts of an exciting agent and 5-15 parts of slag according to parts by weight.
Further, the activator is one or two of a solid activator and a liquid activator.
Furthermore, the additive is one or more of a plasticizer, a tackifier, an early strength agent and a water-retaining agent.
Preferably, the additive is one or more of slag, portland cement, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, cellulose ether, carboxymethyl cellulose and calcium chloride.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing artificial fly ash coarse aggregate, artificial fly ash fine aggregate, silica fume, geopolymer cement, a water reducing agent and an additive according to mass fractions;
(2) putting the raw materials weighed in the step (1) into a slurry mixer for mixing for 5-10min, and adding water to enable the prepared concrete to have fluidity;
(3) pouring the concrete prepared in the step (2) into a cement mould, placing the mould on a vibration table, vibrating for 3-5min, and removing air bubbles in the concrete;
(4) and (4) leveling the concrete subjected to vibration treatment in the step (3), sealing, and maintaining at room temperature for 25-30 days to obtain the fly ash-based concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the artificial fly ash coarse aggregate (namely fly ash ceramsite) and the artificial fly ash fine aggregate (namely fly ash pottery sand) are used for replacing natural sandstone to serve as the aggregate of the concrete, so that the volume weight of the concrete can be reduced while the strength of the concrete is ensured. The compression strength of the fly ash-based concrete prepared by the invention reaches 66.0MPa or above, and the volume weight is 1830kg/m3And the elastic modulus is 3.65X 104MPa, which are superior to the traditional concrete.
According to the invention, the geopolymer cement is used as a cementing material for preparing concrete, so that excellent bonding strength is ensured, and meanwhile, the geopolymer cement has excellent thermal stability and chemical stability. The temperature resistance range of the fly ash-based concrete prepared by the method can reach 1000-1200 ℃.
The invention uses fly ash as a substrate material, for example, the main raw materials of artificial fly ash coarse aggregate, artificial fly ash fine aggregate and geopolymer cement are fly ash, so that the fly ash can be fully recycled, and the problem of environment pollution caused by the fly ash is solved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to fly ash-based concrete which comprises, by mass, 300 parts of artificial fly ash coarse aggregate 200-plus material, 50-150 parts of artificial fly ash fine aggregate, 5-20 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of geopolymer cement, 0.5-3 parts of a water reducing agent, 20-40 parts of water and 5-15 parts of an additive.
The artificial fly ash coarse aggregate is fly ash ceramsite, natural sandstone is replaced by the fly ash ceramsite, and C30-C80 concrete can be prepared. Wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the fly ash ceramsite is 15-25MPa, and the volume weight is 1000-1200kg/m3The grain diameter is 5-20 mm.
The artificial fly ash fine aggregate is fly ash pottery sand, and can be prepared into high-performance concrete with the concrete performance of more than C60. Wherein the volume weight of the fly ash pottery sand is 900-3The grain diameter is 0.25-3 mm.
The concrete prepared by using the fly ash ceramsite and the fly ash pottery sand as the aggregate has the volume weight which is 10-20 percent lower than that of the traditional concrete on the basis of the same strength.
The invention adopts geopolymer cement as a cementing material of concrete. The geopolymer cement comprises, by mass, 100 parts of fly ash, 10-30 parts of an excitant and 5-15 parts of slag. The traditional concrete can resist temperature not more than 800 ℃, the geopolymer cement is an oxide network structure system, and is not oxidized and decomposed between l000 ℃ and 1200 ℃, and the performance of the fly ash-based concrete in temperature resistance and fire resistance is superior to that of the traditional concrete.
Wherein, the excitant in the address polymer cement is one or two of a solid excitant and a liquid excitant. Preferably, the present invention uses a solid trigger. In the field of inconvenient use of the liquid excitant, the solid excitant can be used for replacing the liquid excitant, the excitant does not need to be prepared on site, and the potential safety hazard in the preparation process of the liquid excitant is greatly reduced. The geopolymer cement can be used only by adding water and mixing on site, so that the construction procedures are greatly reduced, and the method is convenient and quick.
Preferably, the water reducing agent used in the invention is a novel water reducing agent, and the use problem of the water reducing agent in an alkaline environment is solved. The excitation condition of the fly ash-based concrete is alkaline environment, the novel water reducing agent is used, the water reducing agent can be used in the alkaline environment, the problem that the traditional water reducing agent cannot be used in the alkaline environment is solved, and meanwhile, the strength and the flowability of the concrete are improved. Preferably, the water reducing agent used in the present invention is a high molecular water reducing agent product of Light Polymers, and has thickening and self-assembling functions in addition to the water reducing function.
Furthermore, the additive is one or more of a plasticizer, a tackifier, an early strength agent and a water-retaining agent.
Preferably, the additive is one or more of slag, portland cement, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, cellulose ether, carboxymethyl cellulose and calcium chloride.
The fly ash-based concrete is a real green concrete, and the matrix, the cementing material and the aggregate are all fly ash-based materials and products. Meanwhile, the fly ash-based concrete provides a method and a way for bulk treatment of fly ash, and solves the problem of secondary pollution to the environment caused by improper utilization of fly ash.
Further, the fly ash-based concrete of the present invention is prepared by the following method:
(1) weighing artificial fly ash coarse aggregate, artificial fly ash fine aggregate, silica fume, geopolymer cement, a water reducing agent and an additive according to mass fractions;
(2) putting the raw materials weighed in the step (1) into a slurry mixer for mixing for 5-10min, adding water, and fully and uniformly mixing to ensure that the prepared concrete has fluidity;
(3) pouring the concrete prepared in the step (2) into a cement mould, placing the mould on a vibration table, vibrating for 3-5min, and removing air bubbles in the concrete;
(4) and (4) leveling the concrete subjected to vibration treatment in the step (3), sealing, and maintaining at room temperature for 25-30 days to obtain the fly ash-based concrete.
Preferably, the size of the cement mould used in the invention is 150cm x 150cm, the invention does not specifically limit the size of the cement mould, and the proper mould size can be selected according to actual requirements to prepare fly ash-based concrete with different specifications.
Example 1
The fly ash-based concrete is prepared by the following method:
(1) weighing 250 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 75 parts of fly ash pottery sand, 5 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of geopolymer cement, 1 part of water reducing agent and 7 parts of slag, 4 parts of Portland cement and 1 part of cellulose ether;
(2) putting the raw materials weighed in the step (1) into a paste mixer for mixing for 5min, adding 20 parts of water, and fully and uniformly mixing to ensure that the prepared concrete has fluidity;
(3) pouring the concrete prepared in the step (2) into a cement mould with the size of 150cm x 150cm, placing the mould on a vibration table, and vibrating for 3min to remove air bubbles in the concrete;
(4) and (4) leveling the concrete subjected to vibration treatment in the step (3), sealing, and maintaining at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the fly ash-based concrete.
Wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the fly ash ceramsite is 15MPa, and the volume weight is 1100kg/m3The grain diameter is 10 mm; the volume weight of the fly ash pottery sand is 1000kg/m3The particle size was 2 mm.
The geopolymer cement comprises, by mass, 100 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of solid activator and 15 parts of slag.
Example 2
The fly ash-based concrete is prepared by the following method:
(1) weighing 300 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 50 parts of fly ash pottery sand, 10 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of geopolymer cement, 0.5 part of water reducing agent and 10 parts of slag, 3.5 parts of calcium hydroxide and 0.5 part of carboxymethyl cellulose;
(2) putting the raw materials weighed in the step (1) into a paste mixer for mixing for 6min, adding 25 parts of water, and fully and uniformly mixing to ensure that the prepared concrete has fluidity;
(3) pouring the concrete prepared in the step (2) into a cement mould with the size of 150cm x 150cm, placing the mould on a vibration table, and vibrating for 5min to remove air bubbles in the concrete;
(4) and (4) leveling the concrete subjected to vibration treatment in the step (3), sealing, and maintaining at room temperature for 25 days to obtain the fly ash-based concrete.
Wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the fly ash ceramsite is 25MPa, and the volume weight is 1000kg/m3The particle size is 13 mm; the volume weight of the fly ash pottery sand is 900kg/m3The particle size was 3 mm.
The geopolymer cement comprises, by mass, 100 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of a solid activator and 5 parts of slag.
Example 3
The fly ash-based concrete is prepared by the following method:
(1) weighing 280 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 100 parts of fly ash pottery sand, 20 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of geopolymer cement, 1.5 parts of water reducing agent and 10 parts of slag, 2 parts of Portland cement and 1 part of sodium lignosulfonate;
(2) putting the raw materials weighed in the step (1) into a paste mixer for mixing for 8min, adding 30 parts of water, and fully and uniformly mixing to ensure that the prepared concrete has fluidity;
(3) pouring the concrete prepared in the step (2) into a cement mould with the size of 150cm x 150cm, placing the mould on a vibration table, and vibrating for 4min to remove air bubbles in the concrete;
(4) and (4) leveling the concrete subjected to vibration treatment in the step (3), sealing, and maintaining for 30 days at room temperature to obtain the fly ash-based concrete.
Wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the fly ash ceramsite is 20MPa, and the volume weight is 1200kg/m3The grain diameter is 20 mm; the volume weight of the fly ash pottery sand is 1100kg/m3The particle size is 1 mm.
The geopolymer cement comprises, by mass, 100 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of solid excitant and liquid excitant and 12 parts of slag.
Example 4
The fly ash-based concrete is prepared by the following method:
(1) weighing 210 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 150 parts of fly ash pottery sand, 15 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of geopolymer cement, 3 parts of water reducing agent and 5 parts of slag and 5 parts of portland cement;
(2) putting the raw materials weighed in the step (1) into a pure slurry stirrer for mixing for 10min, adding 35 parts of water, and fully and uniformly mixing to ensure that the prepared concrete has fluidity;
(3) pouring the concrete prepared in the step (2) into a cement mould with the size of 150cm x 150cm, placing the mould on a vibration table, and vibrating for 3min to remove air bubbles in the concrete;
(4) and (4) leveling the concrete subjected to vibration treatment in the step (3), sealing, and maintaining at room temperature for 26 days to obtain the fly ash-based concrete.
Wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the fly ash ceramsite is 22MPa, and the volume weight is 1160kg/m3The grain diameter is 15 mm; the volume weight of the fly ash pottery sand is 1040kg/m3The particle size was 0.25 mm.
The geopolymer cement comprises, by mass, 100 parts of fly ash, 25 parts of liquid activator and 10 parts of slag.
Example 5
The fly ash-based concrete is prepared by the following method:
(1) weighing 200 parts of fly ash ceramsite, 120 parts of fly ash pottery sand, 5 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of geopolymer cement, 2.5 parts of water reducing agent, 2 parts of slag, 1 part of calcium chloride and 2 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose;
(2) putting the raw materials weighed in the step (1) into a paste mixer for mixing for 7min, adding 40 parts of water, and fully and uniformly mixing to ensure that the prepared concrete has fluidity;
(3) pouring the concrete prepared in the step (2) into a cement mould with the size of 150cm x 150cm, placing the mould on a vibration table, and vibrating for 5min to remove air bubbles in the concrete;
(4) and (4) leveling the concrete subjected to vibration treatment in the step (3), sealing, and maintaining at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the fly ash-based concrete.
Wherein the cylinder pressure strength of the fly ash ceramsite is 16MPa, and the volume weight is 1040kg/m3The grain diameter is 5 mm; the volume weight of the fly ash pottery sand is 950kg/m3The particle size was 0.5 mm.
The geopolymer cement comprises, by mass, 100 parts of fly ash, 30 parts of a solid activator and 8 parts of slag.
The fly ash-based concrete prepared by the preparation method in examples 1-5 was subjected to a performance test to obtain the following test results:
through the upper tableThe data show that the artificial fly ash coarse aggregate (namely, fly ash ceramsite) and the artificial fly ash fine aggregate (namely, fly ash pottery sand) are used for replacing natural sandstone to serve as the aggregate of the concrete, so that the volume weight of the concrete can be reduced while the strength of the concrete is ensured. The compression strength of the fly ash-based concrete prepared by the invention reaches 66.0MPa or above, and the volume weight is 1830kg/m3And the elastic modulus is 3.65X 104MPa, which are superior to the traditional concrete.
According to the invention, the geopolymer cement is used as a cementing material for preparing concrete, so that excellent bonding strength is ensured, and meanwhile, the geopolymer cement has excellent thermal stability and chemical stability. The temperature resistance range of the fly ash-based concrete prepared by the method can reach 1000-1200 ℃.
The invention uses fly ash as a substrate material, for example, the main raw materials of artificial fly ash coarse aggregate, artificial fly ash fine aggregate and geopolymer cement are fly ash, so that the fly ash can be fully recycled, and the problem of environment pollution caused by the fly ash is solved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The fly ash-based concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials, by mass, 200-300 parts of artificial fly ash coarse aggregate, 50-150 parts of artificial fly ash fine aggregate, 5-20 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of geopolymer cement, 0.5-3 parts of a water reducing agent, 20-40 parts of water and 5-15 parts of an additive; the artificial fly ash coarse aggregate is fly ash ceramsite, wherein the barrel pressure strength of the fly ash ceramsite is 15-25MPa, the volume weight of the fly ash ceramsite is 1000-1200kg/m3, and the particle size of the fly ash ceramsite is 5-20 mm; the artificial fly ash fine aggregate is fly ash ceramic sand, wherein the volume weight of the fly ash ceramic sand is 900-1100kg/m3, and the particle size is 0.25-3 mm; the geopolymer cement comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 100 parts of fly ash, 10-30 parts of an excitant and 5-15 parts of slag; the additive is one or more of a plasticizer, a tackifier, an early strength agent and a water-retaining agent.
2. The fly ash-based concrete according to claim 1, wherein the activator is one or both of a solid activator and a liquid activator.
3. The fly ash-based concrete according to claim 1, wherein the admixture is one or more of slag, portland cement, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, cellulose ether, carboxymethyl cellulose, and calcium chloride.
4. A fly ash-based concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3, prepared by a process comprising:
(1) weighing artificial fly ash coarse aggregate, artificial fly ash fine aggregate, silica fume, geopolymer cement, a water reducing agent and an additive according to mass fractions;
(2) putting the raw materials weighed in the step (1) into a slurry mixer for mixing for 5-10min, and adding water to enable the prepared concrete to have fluidity;
(3) pouring the concrete prepared in the step (2) into a cement mould, placing the mould on a vibration table, vibrating for 3-5min, and removing air bubbles in the concrete;
(4) and (4) leveling the concrete subjected to vibration treatment in the step (3), sealing, and maintaining at room temperature for 25-30 days to obtain the fly ash-based concrete.
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CN110950584B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-12-07 | 中建西部建设新疆有限公司 | Silica fume/volcanic ash based geopolymer concrete and preparation method thereof |
CN111499306B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-12-28 | 安徽省高迪循环经济产业园股份有限公司 | Unfired fly ash ceramsite prefabricated ecological bank protection structure and preparation method thereof |
CN116161905A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-05-26 | 香港理工大学深圳研究院 | High-strength high-toughness geopolymer composite material based on cold-bonded artificial aggregate and preparation method thereof |
CN114455901A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-10 | 大唐同舟科技有限公司 | Alkali-activated fly ash-based pervious concrete and preparation method thereof |
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