CN108544161B - Automobile door ring positioning tool and door ring large assembly forming process - Google Patents
Automobile door ring positioning tool and door ring large assembly forming process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108544161B CN108544161B CN201810293923.9A CN201810293923A CN108544161B CN 108544161 B CN108544161 B CN 108544161B CN 201810293923 A CN201810293923 A CN 201810293923A CN 108544161 B CN108544161 B CN 108544161B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0461—Welding tables
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automobile door ring positioning tool and a door ring large assembly forming process. The door ring positioning tool comprises a working platform, a movable positioning mechanism, a plurality of supporting and adsorbing mechanisms, a pre-positioning mechanism and a clamping and positioning mechanism, wherein at least two supporting and adsorbing mechanisms are arranged below each plate, at least one pre-positioning mechanism is arranged below each plate, each pre-positioning mechanism comprises a positioning pin, each clamping and positioning mechanism comprises a clamping plate and a clamping cylinder, and each movable positioning mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder and a positioning column. The molding process comprises the following steps: blanking; positioning; welding; heating; thermoforming; and (5) laser cutting. The positioning of the plates is accurate, gaps between the two plates are within an allowable error, overlapping and superposition of all components of the door ring are avoided, the weight of the door ring is reduced, the waste of steel is reduced, and the waste of steel in the blanking and door ring assembling processes is reduced on the premise that the anti-collision performance of the door ring is not reduced; the procedures and the process steps are reduced, and the aim of reducing the processing cost of the door ring is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automobile door ring positioning tool and a door ring large assembly forming process, and belongs to the technical field of automobile part processing.
Background
The automobile door ring is composed of main safety components such as an A column, a B column, an H column, a threshold and the like, is an important component of an automobile body, and plays a key role in protecting the safety of drivers and passengers in the automobile when the automobile is in side collision.
At present, there are two types of automobile door ring forming modes: one is according to the shape that the car door ring expands, blanking once, then the hot forming, because the door ring size is bigger, blanking process causes a large amount of waste of steel; and the other is that all parts of the automobile door ring are formed into independent blanking, then are formed by independent heating, then all parts are overlapped and lapped, and finally, a spot welding workstation is adopted to fix the finished product parts of all parts by spot welding to form the door ring large assembly. In order to meet the requirement of spot welding, the forming process of the door ring large assembly ensures that the joints of all the components are overlapped, so that the overall weight of the automobile door ring is increased, and a large amount of steel is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides an automobile door ring positioning tool and a door ring large assembly forming process, which avoid overlapping and overlapping of all components of a door ring, reduce the weight of the door ring and reduce steel waste on the premise of not reducing the anti-collision performance of the door ring.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the automobile door ring positioning tool comprises a working platform, a plurality of supporting and adsorbing mechanisms, a pre-positioning mechanism and a clamping and positioning mechanism, wherein the supporting and adsorbing mechanisms are arranged on the working platform, the working platform is used for supporting a door ring formed by splicing a plurality of plates, at least two supporting and adsorbing mechanisms are arranged on the working platform corresponding to the lower part of each plate, at least one pre-positioning mechanism is arranged on the working platform corresponding to the lower part of each plate, the pre-positioning mechanism comprises a positioning pin, positioning pin holes for the positioning pin to pass through are correspondingly arranged on the plates, the clamping and positioning mechanism comprises a clamping plate for positioning the edges of the plates and a clamping cylinder for driving the clamping plate to act, and the clamping cylinder is arranged on the working platform and is connected with a piston rod of the clamping cylinder; the movable positioning mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder and two positioning columns, wherein the two positioning columns are connected with a piston rod of the lifting cylinder through lifting plates, and the lifting cylinder is installed on the working platform.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: each plate forming the door ring is spliced and positioned sequentially through the positioning tool, each plate is subjected to positioning pin pre-positioning, supporting adsorption and clamping positioning, and as the first plate is a positioning reference, the spliced side of the first plate and the second plate is specially positioned for ensuring the accurate positioning of the plates, the lifting cylinder acts, the positioning column can position the spliced side, and then the clamping positioning mechanism realizes the edge clamping action of the first plate; when the second plate is to be positioned, the lifting cylinder of the movable positioning mechanism descends, the second plate is in butt joint with the first plate, the positioning of the second plate is continued, and the movable positioning mechanism can not prevent the butt joint positioning of the adjacent plates on the premise of ensuring the positioning accuracy of the first plate. In a word, the invention not only ensures that each plate is positioned accurately, but also ensures that the butt joint or splicing between the adjacent plates is accurate, the plates are not overlapped, the gap between the two adjacent plates is ensured to be within the allowable error, and the subsequent splicing is convenient to weld the plates in turn, thereby reducing the weight of the door ring and the processing cost of the door ring.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the pre-positioning mechanism further comprises a driving air cylinder for controlling the action of the positioning pin, a cylinder body of the driving air cylinder is connected with the working platform, and a piston rod of the driving air cylinder is connected with the positioning pin.
The adoption of the further scheme has the advantages that when the pre-positioning mechanism acts, the cylinder is driven to act, the positioning pins ascend, the pre-positioning of the plate is realized through the positioning pin holes on the plate, and according to the positioning requirement, the first plate is positioned by adopting two positioning pins, namely the main positioning pin and the auxiliary positioning pin, so that the pre-positioning of the first plate is realized; the rest of the plates can be positioned by a positioning pin due to the action of the positioned plates adjacent to the rest of the plates.
Further, the supporting and adsorbing mechanism is an electromagnet or a pneumatic sucker.
The technical scheme has the advantages that when the electromagnet is adopted, the plate can be adsorbed and positioned by electrifying, and the pneumatic sucker can also realize the supporting and adsorbing effects on the plate.
Furthermore, a plurality of profiling positioning blocks for assisting in positioning the inner side of the door ring are further arranged on the working platform.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is, is equipped with a plurality of profile modeling locating pieces on the work platform for the inboard of locating the gatepost, further guarantees the accurate location of constituteing the gatepost sheet material.
The invention also discloses a forming process of the automobile door ring large assembly, which comprises the following steps:
1) Blanking: the door ring comprises four parts, namely an A column, a B column, an H column and a threshold, and the A column plate, the B column plate, the H column plate and the threshold plate with required sizes are respectively obtained from the plate according to the door ring; the blanking can be performed by cutting plates with required sizes by a laser cutting machine or by adopting a progressive die in batch production;
2) Positioning: adopting the positioning tool to sequentially arrange and position the obtained corresponding B column plate, threshold plate, H column plate and A column plate according to the sequence of the B column, the threshold, the H column and the A column;
3) And (3) welding: sequentially welding the positioned welding seams of the plates by adopting a laser welding machine according to the positioning sequence of the plates, wherein the welding sequence of the welding seams is 6-18 m/min according to the positioning sequence of the door ring plates;
4) Heating: after the welding line of the door ring plate is cooled, placing the welded door ring plate into a tray by a robot or a manipulator, placing the tray containing the door ring plate on an unstacking table, grabbing the door ring plate on the unstacking table by the robot, and heating in a heating furnace at 900-960 ℃ for 300-540 s;
5) Thermoforming: taking out the heated door ring plate by a robot and conveying the door ring plate to a die; the press descends, and the upper die and the lower die of the die are matched to finish the thermoforming of the door ring plate; the press ascends, and the robot takes out the thermoformed product piece and sends the product piece to the conveyor belt for output;
6) Laser cutting: and placing the thermoformed product piece on a laser cutting fixture, and cutting the residual material to obtain the door ring large assembly.
Further, in step 5), the transfer time of the robot is 8s-12s.
Further, in step 4), if the bare board is a bare board, a protective atmosphere, nitrogen or other inert gas is required to be provided; if the plate is coated, the protective atmosphere is not needed, and the splice welding is only needed after the coating is removed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: steel waste in the blanking and door ring assembling process can be reduced; the procedures and the process steps can be reduced, and the aim of reducing the processing cost of the door ring is fulfilled; the accurate positioning of each plate can be realized, and the gap between two adjacent plates is ensured to be within an allowable error, so that the quality of welding seams is improved; therefore, the light weight of the automobile is realized, the oil consumption is reduced, and the energy is saved.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the positioning in step 2) is specifically:
a) B column plate positioning: the manipulator grabs and places the B-pillar plate on a supporting and adsorbing mechanism on the working platform, the B-pillar plate is pre-positioned through a positioning pin, after the B-pillar is pre-positioned, the supporting and adsorbing mechanism acts to adsorb the B-pillar plate on a supporting plane formed by at least two supporting and adsorbing mechanisms, a lifting cylinder is lifted, a positioning column realizes accurate positioning of the splicing side of the B-pillar plate and a threshold plate, and then clamping plates on two sides of the B-pillar plate clamp the B-pillar plate under the action of the clamping cylinder;
b) Threshold plate positioning: resetting a lifting cylinder, placing a threshold plate by a manipulator, pre-positioning the threshold plate through a positioning pin, splicing welding seams of the threshold plate and a B-pillar plate, and supporting the threshold plate by using a supporting and adsorbing mechanism for supporting the threshold plate, wherein the threshold plate is adsorbed by the supporting and adsorbing mechanism, the lower surfaces of the threshold plate and the B-pillar plate are on the same horizontal plane, and a clamping plate positioned at the edge of the threshold plate clamps the threshold plate;
c) H column plate positioning: the same method as the threshold plate material positioning in the step b);
d) Positioning of A column plates: and B) starting the clamping and positioning mechanisms above the B-pillar plate and at one side far from the A-pillar plate when the clamping and positioning mechanisms at the edge of the A-pillar plate act, so as to finish the positioning of the door ring plate.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is, when A post sheet material is fixed a position, because the error accumulation, the clearance between A post sheet material and the B post sheet material can surpass the default, in order to avoid the extrusion of A post sheet material to the B post sheet material, lead to B post sheet material precision poor or clearance between A post sheet material and the B post sheet material is too big, be unfavorable for the welding, set up clamping and locating mechanism on the top and the right side boundary of B post sheet material, the clamping and locating mechanism on right side boundary not only has clamping action, simultaneously still perpendicular to welding seam and the thrust of directional A post sheet material direction, so after the A post sheet material is put, clamping and locating mechanism starts, reduce the welding seam clearance. Each plate is subjected to positioning pin positioning, supporting adsorption and clamping plate clamping positioning, and particularly for a first plate positioned by a reference, a movable positioning mechanism is additionally arranged on the splicing side of the first plate and a second plate to position the first plate, and meanwhile, the positioning of the second plate is not hindered, so that the positioning accuracy of each plate is ensured, no overlap joint is caused between the plates, the gap between the plates meets the welding requirement, the weight of a door ring is reduced, and the processing cost of the door ring is reduced. And (3) accurately positioning the plates according to the sequence, and after the plates forming the door ring are spliced and positioned accurately, sequentially welding the positioned plate welding seams according to the plate positioning direction by using a laser splice welding machine, thereby finishing the welding of the door ring plates.
Further, the door ring consists of 3-6 plates.
The door ring has the beneficial effects that the door ring can be divided into different components according to the weight, the supporting strength and the processing cost requirements of the door ring.
Further, the thickness of the plate material is 0.8mm-2.5mm.
The further scheme has the beneficial effect that the thickness of the plate can be adjusted according to the strength and weight of the door ring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a positioning tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pre-positioning mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a clamping and positioning mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a movable positioning mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an expanded structure of the positioning tool of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the door ring of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the positioning structure of the B-pillar panel of the door ring of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the door ring threshold plate positioning structure of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the positioning structure of the door ring H-pillar panel of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the positioning of a door ring a-pillar panel of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a working platform; 2. supporting the adsorption mechanism; 3. a pre-positioning mechanism; 31. a positioning pin; 32. a kingpin; 33. a secondary pin; 34. a driving cylinder; 35. a drive cylinder mounting plate; 4. a clamping and positioning mechanism; 41. a clamping plate; 42. a clamping cylinder; 43. clamping a cylinder mounting plate; 5. a movable positioning mechanism; 51. a lifting cylinder; 52. positioning columns; 53. a lifting plate; 54. a lifting cylinder mounting plate; 6. profiling positioning blocks; 7. installing a window; 8. a door ring; 81. b column plate material; 82. threshold plate materials; 83. h column plates; 84. column A plate material; 85. and positioning pin holes.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in connection with examples, which are set forth only to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5, an automobile door ring positioning tool comprises a working platform 1, a plurality of supporting and adsorbing mechanisms 2, a pre-positioning mechanism 3 and a clamping and positioning mechanism 4 which are arranged on the working platform, wherein the working platform is used for supporting a door ring 8 formed by splicing a plurality of plates, at least two supporting and adsorbing mechanisms are arranged on the working platform under each plate, at least one pre-positioning mechanism is arranged on the working platform under each plate, each pre-positioning mechanism comprises a positioning pin 31, a positioning pin hole 85 for the positioning pin to pass through is correspondingly arranged on each plate, each clamping and positioning mechanism comprises a clamping plate 41 for positioning the edge of the plate and a clamping cylinder 42 for driving the clamping plate to act, the clamping cylinder is arranged on the working platform through a clamping cylinder mounting plate 43, and the clamping plate is connected with a piston rod of the clamping cylinder; the movable positioning mechanism 5 is used for positioning the splicing sides of the first plate and the second plate and comprises a lifting cylinder 51 and two positioning columns 52, wherein the two positioning columns are connected with piston rods of the lifting cylinder through lifting plates 53, and the lifting cylinder is installed on the working platform through a lifting cylinder installation plate 54.
The positioning mechanism further comprises a driving cylinder 34 for controlling the action of the positioning pin, the cylinder body of the driving cylinder is connected with the working platform through a driving cylinder mounting plate 35, and the piston rod of the driving cylinder is connected with the positioning pin. When the pre-positioning mechanism acts, the cylinder is driven to act, the positioning pins ascend, the pre-positioning of the plate is realized through the positioning pin holes on the plate, and the pre-positioning of the first plate can be realized by adopting two positioning pins, namely a main positioning pin and an auxiliary positioning pin, according to the positioning requirement when the first plate is positioned; the rest of the plates can be positioned by a positioning pin due to the action of the positioned plates adjacent to the rest of the plates.
The supporting and adsorbing mechanism is an electromagnet or a pneumatic sucker. When the electromagnet is adopted, the plate can be adsorbed and positioned by electrifying, and the pneumatic sucker can also realize the supporting and adsorbing effects on the plate.
The working platform is also provided with a plurality of profiling positioning blocks 6 for assisting in positioning the inner side of the door ring. The working platform is provided with a plurality of profiling positioning blocks for positioning the inner side of the door ring, and further ensuring the accurate positioning of the door ring plate.
The working platform is provided with a plurality of mounting windows 7. The installation window can be used for installing and clamping the positioning mechanism, movable positioning mechanism and pre-positioning mechanism, can realize respective positioning function, and is convenient for the installation of each positioning mechanism, can also guarantee work platform's support intensity simultaneously.
The invention also discloses a forming process of the automobile door ring large assembly, which comprises the following steps:
1) Blanking: the door ring is composed of four parts, namely an A column, a B column, an H column and a threshold, and an A column plate 84, a B column plate 81, an H column plate 83 and a threshold plate 82 with required sizes are respectively obtained from the plates according to the door ring composition, as shown in fig. 6; the blanking can be performed by cutting plates with required sizes by a laser cutting machine or by adopting a progressive die in batch production;
2) Positioning: adopting the positioning tool to sequentially arrange and position the obtained corresponding B column plate, threshold plate, H column plate and A column plate according to the sequence of the B column, the threshold, the H column and the A column;
3) And (3) welding: sequentially welding the positioned plate welding seams by adopting a laser welding machine, wherein the welding sequence of the welding seams is 6-18 m/min according to the positioning sequence of the door ring plate;
4) Heating: after the welding line of the door ring plate is cooled, placing the welded door ring plate into a tray by a robot or a manipulator, placing the tray containing the door ring plate on an unstacking table, grabbing the door ring plate on the unstacking table by a No. 1 robot, and placing the door ring plate into a heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature reaches 900-960 ℃ and the heating time is 300-540 s;
5) Thermoforming: taking out the heated door ring plate by a No. 2 robot and conveying the heated door ring plate to a die; the press descends, and the upper die and the lower die of the die are matched to finish the thermoforming of the door ring plate; the press ascends, and the No. 3 robot takes out the thermoformed product piece and sends the product piece to a conveyor belt for output;
6) Laser cutting: and placing the thermoformed product piece on a laser cutting fixture, and cutting the residual material to obtain the door ring large assembly.
In step 5), the transfer time of the robot is 8s-12s.
In step 4), if the bare board is a bare board, a protective atmosphere, nitrogen or other inert gases is required to be provided; if the plate is coated, the protective atmosphere is not needed, and the splice welding is only needed after the coating is removed.
As shown in fig. 7-10, the specific steps of positioning in step 2) are as follows:
a) B column plate positioning: the manipulator grabs and places the B-pillar plate on a supporting and adsorbing mechanism on the working platform, the B-pillar plate is pre-positioned through a positioning pin, after the B-pillar is pre-positioned, the supporting and adsorbing mechanism acts to adsorb the B-pillar plate on a supporting plane formed by at least two supporting and adsorbing mechanisms, a lifting cylinder is lifted, a positioning column realizes accurate positioning of the splicing side of the B-pillar plate and a threshold plate, and then clamping plates on two sides of the B-pillar plate clamp the B-pillar plate under the action of the clamping cylinder;
b) Threshold plate positioning: resetting a lifting cylinder, placing a threshold plate by a manipulator, pre-positioning the threshold plate through a positioning pin, splicing welding seams of the threshold plate and a B-pillar plate, and supporting the threshold plate by using a supporting and adsorbing mechanism for supporting the threshold plate, wherein the threshold plate is adsorbed by the supporting and adsorbing mechanism, the lower surfaces of the threshold plate and the B-pillar plate are on the same horizontal plane, and a clamping plate positioned at the edge of the threshold plate clamps the threshold plate;
c) H column plate positioning: the same method as the threshold plate material positioning in the step b);
d) Positioning of A column plates: and B) starting the clamping and positioning mechanisms above the B-pillar plate and at one side far from the A-pillar plate when the clamping and positioning mechanisms at the edge of the A-pillar plate act, so as to finish the positioning of the door ring plate. When the A column plate is positioned, because the error accumulation, the gap between the A column plate and the B column plate can exceed a preset value, in order to avoid the extrusion of the A column plate to the B column plate, the precision of the B column plate is poor or the gap between the A column plate and the B column plate is overlarge, the welding is not facilitated, the clamping and positioning mechanism is arranged above the B column plate and on the right side boundary, the clamping and positioning mechanism on the right side boundary not only has the clamping function, but also has the thrust which is perpendicular to the welding seam and points to the direction of the A column plate, so after the A column plate is placed, the clamping and positioning mechanism is started, and the welding seam gap is reduced.
Each plate is subjected to positioning pin pre-positioning, supporting adsorption and clamping plate clamping positioning, and particularly for a first plate positioned by a reference, a movable positioning mechanism is additionally arranged on the splicing side of the first plate and a second plate for positioning, and meanwhile, the positioning of the second plate is not hindered, so that the positioning accuracy of each plate is ensured, no overlap joint is caused between the plates, the gap between the plates meets the welding requirement, the weight of a door ring is reduced, and the processing cost of the door ring is reduced. And after the plates forming the door ring are butted and spliced accurately positioned, the positioned plates are welded sequentially and forward by a laser splice welder, so that the welding of the door ring plates is completed.
The door ring consists of 3-6 plates. The number of the welding lines is 3-6. The door ring can be divided into different components according to the weight, the supporting strength and the processing cost of the door ring.
The thickness of the plate is 0.8mm-2.5mm. The thickness of the plate can be adjusted according to the strength and weight of the door ring.
Steel waste in the blanking and door ring assembling process can be reduced; the procedures and the process steps can be reduced, and the aim of reducing the processing cost of the door ring is fulfilled; the accurate positioning of each plate can be realized, and the gap between two adjacent plates is ensured to be within the allowable error, so that the quality of welding seams is improved; therefore, the light weight of the automobile is realized, the oil consumption is reduced, and the energy is saved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The forming process of the automobile door ring large assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Blanking: the door ring comprises four parts, namely an A column, a B column, an H column and a threshold, and an A column plate, a B column plate, an H column plate and a threshold plate with required sizes are respectively obtained from the plates according to the door ring;
2) Positioning: adopting a positioning tool to sequentially arrange and position the obtained corresponding B column plate, threshold plate, H column plate and A column plate according to the sequence of the B column, the threshold, the H column and the A column;
3) And (3) welding: sequentially welding the positioned plate welding seams by adopting a laser welding machine, wherein the welding sequence of the welding seams is 6-18 m/min according to the positioning sequence of the door ring plate;
4) Heating: after the welding line of the door ring plate is cooled, placing the welded door ring plate in a tray, placing the tray containing the door ring plate on an unstacking table, grabbing the door ring plate on the unstacking table, and placing the door ring plate in a heating furnace for heating at 900-960 ℃ for 300-540 s;
5) Thermoforming: taking out the heated door ring plate and conveying the door ring plate to a die; the press descends, and the upper die and the lower die of the die are matched to finish the thermoforming of the door ring plate; ascending a press, and taking out the thermoformed product piece;
6) Laser cutting: placing the hot formed product piece on a laser cutting clamp, and cutting the residual material to obtain a door ring large assembly;
The specific positioning steps in the step 2) are as follows:
a) B column plate positioning: the manipulator grabs and places the B-pillar plate on a supporting and adsorbing mechanism on the working platform, the pre-positioning of the B-pillar plate is completed through a positioning pin, after the B-pillar is pre-positioned, the supporting and adsorbing mechanism acts to adsorb the B-pillar plate on a supporting plane formed by at least two supporting and adsorbing mechanisms, a lifting cylinder is lifted, the positioning column realizes the accurate positioning of the splicing side of the B-pillar plate and the threshold plate, and then clamping plates on two sides of the B-pillar plate clamp the B-pillar plate under the action of the clamping cylinder;
b) Threshold plate positioning: resetting a lifting cylinder, placing a threshold plate by a manipulator, pre-positioning the threshold plate through a positioning pin, splicing welding seams of the threshold plate and a B-pillar plate, and supporting the threshold plate by using a supporting and adsorbing mechanism for supporting the threshold plate, wherein the threshold plate is adsorbed by the supporting and adsorbing mechanism, the lower surfaces of the threshold plate and the B-pillar plate are on the same horizontal plane, and a clamping plate positioned at the edge of the threshold plate clamps the threshold plate;
c) H column plate positioning: the same method as the threshold plate material positioning in the step b);
d) Positioning of A column plates: and B) starting the clamping and positioning mechanisms above the B-pillar plate and at one side far from the A-pillar plate when the clamping and positioning mechanisms at the edge of the A-pillar plate act, so as to finish the positioning of the door ring plate.
2. The process for forming a large automobile door ring assembly according to claim 1, wherein the door ring is composed of 3-6 sheets.
3. The process for forming a large automobile door ring assembly according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the plate material is 0.8mm-2.5mm.
4. The process for forming a large automobile door ring assembly according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the transfer time is 8s to 12s.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein in step 4), a protective atmosphere, nitrogen or other inert gas is required to be provided for the bare board; if the plate is coated, the protective atmosphere is not needed, and the splice welding is only needed after the coating is removed.
6. The positioning tool for the automobile door ring large assembly forming process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the positioning tool comprises a working platform, a plurality of supporting and adsorbing mechanisms, a positioning mechanism and a clamping and positioning mechanism, wherein the plurality of supporting and adsorbing mechanisms, the positioning mechanism and the clamping and positioning mechanism are arranged on the working platform; the movable positioning mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder and two positioning columns, wherein the two positioning columns are connected with a piston rod of the lifting cylinder through lifting plates, and the lifting cylinder is installed on the working platform.
7. The positioning tool according to claim 6, wherein the pre-positioning mechanism further comprises a driving cylinder for controlling the positioning pin to act, a cylinder body of the driving cylinder is connected with the working platform, and a piston rod of the driving cylinder is connected with the positioning pin.
8. The positioning tool according to claim 6, wherein the supporting and adsorbing mechanism is an electromagnet or a pneumatic chuck.
9. The positioning tool of claim 6, wherein the working platform is further provided with a plurality of profiling positioning blocks for assisting in positioning the inner side of the door ring.
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