CN108543898A - Ultrasonic wave added finish forge method and apparatus - Google Patents
Ultrasonic wave added finish forge method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN108543898A CN108543898A CN201810441692.1A CN201810441692A CN108543898A CN 108543898 A CN108543898 A CN 108543898A CN 201810441692 A CN201810441692 A CN 201810441692A CN 108543898 A CN108543898 A CN 108543898A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses ultrasonic wave added finish forge method and apparatus, are related to forging field, including upper cavity die, lower cavity die, upper punch, low punch, upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism and lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism；Ultrasonic vibration installation is passed through and rushes cushion cover, straight slot among template is fixedly connected with punch, amplified ultrasonic vibration is passed to punch by amplitude transformer, vibration is passed to blank by punch again, by the frequency for changing ultrasonic vibration, amplitude, the shape of vibration mode and punch, size is suitable for the finish forge of different product, the plastic deformation ability of metal greatly improved in this method and device, improve metal fillibility, reduce the frictional force between blank and mold, crystal grain thinning tissue, reduce the roughness on forming surface, improve the removal of forging, applicability is wide, improve stock utilization and product qualification rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to finish forge fields, are related specifically to the method and apparatus of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary finish forge.
Background technology
Forging industry is always the important foundation of the industry such as automobile, mine, the energy, building, space flight, weapons.Second of generation
It is various to come into being less without NEW CUTTING TECHNOLOGY with the development of modernization large-scale production after boundary's Great War.In recent decades,
Forging Technology breaches the scope of blank production, and people can produce much excellent suitability for press forming parts close to finished product, surface quality
Good, machine-finish allowance is few, dimensional accuracy is high.Precision forging improves stock utilization, partial cancellation or reduce cutting plus
Work keeps metallic fiber continuously distributed along product profile, and the bearing capacity of part is made to increase, and improves overall performance.
Existing finish forge production technology mainly has hot finish forge, several processes of warm finish forge and cold closed-die forging etc..Plastic Forming side
That there are deformation forces is excessive for the techniques such as forging, extruding in method, product shaped profile is inaccurate, metal fillibility is bad, the mold longevity
The shortcomings of difficult is demoulded after ordering low and forming.
By taking gear precision forging as an example：The curved tooth structure of spiral bevel gear is special, cannot accomplish one step precision forging of arc-shaped tooth,
The hot finish forge of spiral bevel gear and cold-finishing shape combination process (patent publication No. CN102441773A) are using hot precision forging, isothermal
Spheroidizing, sandblasting, deflashing and the manufacture of cold-finishing shape process, improve stock utilization, improve product quality, but process
Various, forging process have that the product depanning of forging and stamping is relatively difficult, and cold-finishing there are not completely filled phenomenon
Shape stage tooth form final finishing mold local pressure is larger so that the service life reduction of mold.
Spiral bevel gear finish forge moulding manufacture method (patent publication No. CN102240774A) is by material section heating to 1150-
1180 DEG C, then upset, punching, ring expansion, blocking, finish-forging, spheroidizing processing, surface sand-blasting cleaning, alramenting saponification, finally
Carry out room temperature finishing tooth form；The process process is more, and processing cost is higher, and it is excessive so that product appearance to there is forging and stamping stress
The phenomenon that internal break, in the room temperature finishing tooth form stage, the lateral flow of excess metal is easy to the curved tooth tooth form on mold
It destroys, or the curved tooth of product is destroyed, cause the service life of mold very short.
Gear warm finish forging process (patent publication No. CN1799726A) to steel blank heating temperature between hot finish forge and
Between cold closed-die forging, under this temperature condition, decarburization phenomenon does not occur in addition to having small amounts for steel blank surface, and manufacturing process is few,
Comprehensive manufacturing cost is low, but precision, quality, mechanical strength, and the service life of forging die is also between hot finish forge and Cold Precision Forging Process of Spur
Between.
A kind of carburizing steel 20CrMnTi is the gear thermal finish forge processing technology (patent publication No. CN102764838A) of material
Using upset pulling, base, forging die, burr removing, forging post-processing, (including quenching, Tempering and Quenching, flank of tooth heat treatment is by oozing
Nitrogen, surface hardening, normalizing, sandblasting scale removal, surface acid etching), the forging technology of tooth form cold-finishing, process letter
Change gear forging technical process, reduced production process, improves the service life of mold, but that there are deformation forces is excessive,
Forming flank profil inaccurately and after forming demoulds difficult problem.
Shanghai Communications University newly deposits in the village et al. through 1050 aluminium alloy compression test of ultrasonic wave added, it is found that plastic force reduces journey
Degree is directly proportional to ultrasonic amplitude, and the friction between workpiece and mold reduces, and improves workpiece surface quality.Zhang Yang devises super
Sound-coupling pressure carries out the device of extrusion casint aluminium alloy, and research finds that ultrasonic vibration and coupling pressure can reduce crystal grain ruler
It is very little, increase the ratio of equiaxed grain structure, and the degree of refinement of each sample position is relatively uniform.North Carolina is vertical big
It learns Bunget et al. ultrasonic vibration is applied in micro- extrusion process, has developed ultrasonic vibration and assist micro- extrusion experiment system can be real
Existing forward extrusion, preceding cup squeeze and double glasss of extruding, the experimental results showed that, plastic force can be greatly reduced in ultrasonic vibration, in forward extrusion
18% is reduced, preceding cup reduces by 25% in squeezing, 23% is reduced in double glasss of extruding；And workpiece surface finish can be greatly improved.
V.C.Kumar et al. has studied the surface layer effect of ultrasonic vibration metal forming, the study found that along material forming direction or
Vertical direction applies ultrasonic vibration, must can effectively reduce work intermode friction, and when ultrasonic vibration is along material forming direction, be in
Reveal best reduction frictional force effect.Improvement workpiece is had in conclusion ultrasonic vibration is added in the Plastic Forming of metal
Surface quality reduces the friction between tool and mold, and refining grain size reduces component shaping power, improves workpiece surface light
The positive effects such as cleanliness.
Although many patents and technology attempt to improve forging quality by optimizing process, production cost is reduced,
It is to still have after deformation force is excessive, product shaped profile is inaccurate, metal fillibility is bad, die life is low and forming to demould
The problems such as difficult.The present invention is assisted by the way that ultrasonic vibration is added in precision forging process, can be reduced between blank and mold
Coefficient of contact friction；Refine the microcosmic grain structure of metallic fiber so that the degree of grain refinement of product each position is more uniform；It is slow
Solution eliminates tool drastic deformation area stress concentration phenomenon, makes stress distribution evenly, reduces the roughness on product forming surface；
The defects of product cracked in forging process, crack is reduced or avoided, scratches.
Invention content
According to the above problem, ultrasonic vibration is added in precision forging process and carries out assist formation by the present invention, and blank is made to squeeze
Precision forging process is among ultrasonic vibration, and the resistance of deformation of metal is greatly reduced, and product is reduced or avoided and goes out in precision forging process
The defects of existing crackle, crack, scratch；The coefficient of contact friction between blank and mold is reduced, the fillibility of metal is improved, makes system
The shaped profile of part is more accurate；Ultrasonic vibration and coupling pressure can reduce crystallite dimension, refine the microcosmic grain structure of metallic fiber,
Reduce the roughness on product forming surface.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution：
Ultrasonic wave added finish forge method, setting ultrasonic vibration mechanism, Shi Shang ultrasonic vibrations mechanism on conventional finish forge mould
Cushion cover is rushed on, the straight slot among cope plate is fixedly connected with upper punch, upper ultrasonic transducer converts the electrical signal to machinery
Ultrasonic amplitude transformer is vibrated and passes to, amplified ultrasonic vibration is passed to upper punch by upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and upper punch is again
Vibration is passed into blank, makes the upper punch of generation resonance that ultrasonic vibration is passed to blank, lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism surpasses with upper
Acoustic vibration mechanism is identical, likewise, straight slot and upper punch of the Shi Xia ultrasonic vibrations mechanism among undershoot cushion cover, lower template are solid
Fixed connection, lower ultrasonic transducer convert the electrical signal to mechanical oscillation and pass to lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer will
Amplified ultrasonic vibration passes to low punch, and vibration is passed to blank by low punch again, makes the low punch of generation resonance that will surpass
Acoustic vibration passes to blank；
By adjusting amplitude, frequency and the vibration mode of ultrasonic vibration, the precision forging being suitable under different condition；Under
Punch opens ultrasonic vibration when ejecting product, can reduce the binding force between forging and mold, improves removal, including such as
Lower step：
Step S1：Ultrasound is selected to shake according to material and shape complexity, size and forming temperature of forging etc. first
Dynamic frequency adjusts ultrasonic vibration power and adjusts amplitude of ultrasonic vibration, and it is suitable to be generated by replacing energy converter or amplitude transformer
Ultrasonic vibrational mode, simulation calculation and the length for designing punch areThe intrinsic frequency of wavelength, punch is ultrasonic vibration frequency；
Step S2：Upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism, lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism are fixedly connected with upper punch, low punch respectively, and
It attaches it on finish forge mould, the straight slot for making upper punch, low punch be opened up on upper cavity die, lower cavity die, by pre-processing
The blank crossed is put into mold, and forcing press work, upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism downlink starts to mold；
Step S3：Upper cavity die, lower cavity die be closed after, closing cylinder locking, while open be connected with upper punch, low punch it is upper
Ultrasonic vibration mechanism, lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism, upper punch further push, and low punch is further upper to press, molded part, pressurize；
Step S4：Ultrasonic vibration on closing upper punch, low punch, upper cavity die part uplink open low punch after die sinking
The ultrasonic vibration mechanism of side, by being about to forging ejection on low punch.
Further, when ultrasonic wave added finish forge supersonic generator frequency ranging from 15KHz-80KHz；Ultrasonic amplitude
Ranging from 5 μm -80 μm；The vibration mode that ultrasonic wave uses in precision forging process have radial vibration, extensional vibration, bending vibration,
Longitrorse vibration, vertical bending vibration is moved or Bending-Twist Vibrations.
Further, when low punch ejection product, the optional range of ultrasonic vibration frequency on the lower punch, which is arranged, is
15KHz-50KHz；Ranging from 5 μm -50 μm of ultrasonic amplitude；The ultrasonic vibrational mode of use has extensional vibration, bending vibration, indulges
Torsional Vibration, vertical bending vibration is moved or Bending-Twist Vibrations.
Further, the length of upper punch, low punchWherein, λ is ultrasonic wave in punch material
Propagation wavelength, c be acoustic speed of propagation of the ultrasonic wave in punch material, f is ultrasonic frequency.
Further, ultrasonic vibration can be applied to one side end face of forging in forging process, it also can be to both sides of the face simultaneously
Apply ultrasonic vibration, it also can localized region application ultrasonic vibration；The upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer and upper punch, lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer
Ultrasonic vibration is transmitted using Stud connection or in the form of being in direct contact with low punch.
The device of ultrasonic wave added finish forge method, including upper cavity die, lower cavity die, upper punch, low punch, upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism
With lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism, when mold is closed, the upper cavity die, lower cavity die form closed mould together with upper punch and low punch
Chamber；The upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism is identical with lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism structure, and distribution symmetrical above and below；The upper ultrasonic vibration machine
Structure include upper ultrasonic flange fixed plate, upper ultrasonic pressing plate, upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer, upper ultrasonic transducer, upper ultrasonic fixed plate and on
Pull rod；The upper end of the upper punch is threadedly coupled by screw rod and upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and the lower end of upper punch passes through upper when work
The lower end of cavity plate, low punch is bolted by screw rod and lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and the upper end of low punch passes through lower cavity die when work.
Further, the lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism includes lower ultrasonic flange fixed plate, lower ultrasonic pressing plate, lower ultrasonic amplitude of fluctuation
Bar, lower ultrasonic fixed plate, lower ultrasonic transducer and lower pull rod.
Further, in the upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism, the upper end of upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer and upper ultrasonic transducer pass through spiral shell
Line connection, upper ultrasound flange fixed plate and upper ultrasonic pressing plate are pressed on the ring flange two of upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer by soket head cap screw
Side, the flange contact of upper ultrasound flange fixed plate and upper ultrasonic pressing plate and upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer, in upper ultrasonic flange fixed plate
There is gap between hole and the cylindrical surface of upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer；It is provided between upper ultrasound flange fixed plate and upper ultrasonic fixed plate
Pull rod.
Further, in the lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism, the lower end of lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer and lower ultrasonic transducer pass through spiral shell
Line connection, lower ultrasound flange fixed plate and lower ultrasonic pressing plate are pressed on the ring flange two of lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer by soket head cap screw
Side, the flange contact of lower ultrasound flange fixed plate and lower ultrasonic pressing plate and lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer, in lower ultrasonic flange fixed plate
There is gap on hole and the cylindrical surface of lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and drop-down is provided between lower ultrasound flange fixed plate and lower ultrasonic fixed plate
Bar.
Further, the upper cavity die, lower cavity die and upper cavity die, recessed die sleeve are coordinated by prestressing force installs, upper cavity die
Set, upper die plate are fixed on after being bolted and rush on cushion cover, on rush cushion cover and be pressed on cope plate by upper clamping plate, under
Die case, lower mold backing plate are fixed on after being bolted on undershoot cushion cover, and undershoot cushion cover is pressed in lower template by lower die holder plate
On, upper clamping plate, lower die holder plate are fixed with cope plate, lower template respectively with bolt.
Advantageous effect：
1. ultrasonic vibration is added in precision forging process, stress wave is generated on blank；Ultrasonic stress wave uploads sowing time in blank,
Blank is under the action of alternating load；When the shortwave phonon of high energy travels to deformed area high density dislocation crystal boundary, phonon by
Phonon to the barrier of discontinuous structure, various frequencies generates new, the higher sound of energy in these regions and atomic collision
Son, energy be it is each collision phonon energy and.The energy and the transition for leading to these region atom kinetic energy and potential energy, and reduce
These regions make local temperature increase the blocking action of plastic deformation.Phonon is this selectively to accumulate in deformation
The characteristic in the dislocation pile up region inside area so that deformed area metal shows high plasticity and lower resistance of deformation.
Under the synergistic effect of pressure loading, phonon can finally translate into the plastic deformation ability of material.Particle absorbs vibration inside blank
Aggravation, generation and the relevant thermally softening of dislocation are moved after energy, cause the dynamic deformation drop in resistance of material.In addition, vibration
Other than providing energy and improving atom active, disturbing force effect keeps material internal stress direction diversified, makes new slip system more
It being easy to be formed, slip system increases, under static load and the alternating action of oscillating load, those modelings with apparent diffusion property
Property deformation mechanism (sliding, twin etc.) is easier to play a role.In precision forging, real contact area depends on normal force,
There is direct influence to the friction size of contact surface.After overlapped high-frequency vibration, real contact area can fluctuate, and cause average
Radial frictional force reduces, and the interface friction reduction that high-frequency vibration causes is related to the Relative Vibration on interface, and Relative Vibration makes to connect
The relative velocity of contacting surface improves, and friction is caused to reduce.
2. by controlling amplitude, frequency and the vibration mode of ultrasonic vibration, blank is made to shake in ultrasound in forging process
Among dynamic, the plastic deformation ability of metal is improved, the resistance of deformation of metal is greatly reduced, reduces lateral pressure of the metal to die cavity
Power, be reduced or avoided product cracked in forging process, crack, scratch the defects of, reduce different batches product it
Between stability difference；
3. reducing the coefficient of contact friction between blank and mold, by changing ultrasonic vibrational mode, enhancing metal is at certain
Mobile performance on a direction or track improves the fillibility of metal, keeps the shaped profile of forging more accurate, improves holding for forging
Loading capability and service life；
4. ultrasonic vibration and coupling pressure can reduce crystallite dimension, the microcosmic grain structure of metallic fiber, each position are refined
Degree of refinement it is more uniform；It can alleviate or eliminate alleviation tool drastic deformation area stress concentration phenomenon, keep stress distribution more equal
It is even, it is effectively improved surface quality, reduces the roughness on forming surface；Ultrasonic vibration is opened when low punch ejects product, it can be with
Reduce the binding force between product and mold, improves removal；
5. different shape, different size, no can be suitable for by changing amplitude, frequency and the vibration mode of ultrasonic vibration
Same material, differing formed temperature blank finish forge, can be applicable in by changing amplitude, frequency and the vibration mode of ultrasonic vibration
In hot finish forge, warm finish forge, cold closed-die forging or common forging；The tonnage of finish forge forcing press is reduced, mold requirement is reduced, improves precision forging die
The service life of tool improves production efficiency, improves stock utilization, and the qualification rate improved reduces energy consumption, reduces production
The fund input of equipment and the repair in later stage, upkeep cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ultrasonic wave added finish forge installation drawing；
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 in ultrasonic variable amplitude bar and with flange fixed plate, the connection structure diagram of pressing plate；
Fig. 3 is the stress-deformation field schematic diagram of upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism；
Fig. 4 is the coupling schematic diagram of forging force and ultrasonic vibration；
Fig. 5 is the common forging apparatus figure of ultrasonic wave added.
Reference numeral is as follows：
1. fovea superior die sleeve；2. upper cavity die；3. upper die plate；4. cushion cover is rushed on；5. cope plate；6. ultrasonic flange is fixed on
Plate；Ultrasonic pressing plate on 7.；Ultrasonic amplitude transformer on 8.；Ultrasonic transducer on 9.；Ultrasonic fixed plate on 10.；11. upper connecting rod；On 12.
Punch；13. upper clamping plate；14. lower die holder plate；15. undershoot cushion cover；16. lower template；17. lower ultrasound flange fixed plate；Under 18.
Ultrasonic pressing plate；19. lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer；20. lower ultrasound fixed plate；21. lower ultrasonic transducer；22. lower pull rod；23. low punch；
24. lower mold backing plate；25. lower cavity die；26. recessed die sleeve；27. forging；28. flange fixed plate；29. soket head cap screw；30. pressure
Plate；31. energy converter；32. amplitude transformer；33. fixed link；34. tool heads；35. upper mold；Insert on 36.；37. lower die；38. lower edge
Block；39. mandril；40. mandril ending tool head；41. mandril end amplitude transformer；42. mandril end energy converter；43. soket head cap screw.
Specific implementation mode
In order to enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent from expression, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention
Specific implementation mode elaborate.
One ultrasonic vibration of embodiment auxiliary finish forge, ultrasonic wave added finish forge device, in conjunction with shown in attached drawing 1, including upper cavity die 2,
Lower cavity die 25, upper punch 12, low punch 23, upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism and lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism, upper ultrasonic vibration system are answered
The signal of power-strain field in conjunction with shown in attached drawing 3, the upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism by upper ultrasonic flange fixed plate 6, upper ultrasonic pressing plate 7,
Upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8, upper ultrasonic transducer 9, upper ultrasonic fixed plate 10, upper connecting rod 11 form, and lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism is by lower super
Sound flange fixed plate 17, lower ultrasonic pressing plate 18, lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer 19, lower ultrasonic fixed plate 20, lower ultrasonic transducer 21, drop-down
Bar 22 forms；The upper punch 12 is fixedly connected by screw rod with upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8, and lower end passes through upper cavity die 2 when work, under
Punch 23 is fixedly connected by screw rod with lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer 19, and upper end passes through lower cavity die 25 when work；When mold is closed, upper,
Lower cavity die 2,25 forms enclosed die cavity together with upper punch 12 and low punch 23.
Wherein, upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 and upper ultrasonic transducer 9 are connected through a screw thread, upper ultrasound flange fixed plate 6 and upper super
Acoustic pressure plate 7 is pressed on the ring flange both sides of upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 by soket head cap screw, upper ultrasound flange fixed plate 6 and upper super
The flange contact of acoustic pressure plate 7 and upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8, the Cylindrical Surfaces Contact of ultrasonic amplitude transformer 8 in discord, as shown in Fig. 2, on
Ultrasonic flange fixed plate 6 is connected by upper connecting rod 11, nut and upper ultrasonic fixed plate 10；In the lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism, under
Ultrasonic amplitude transformer 19 and lower ultrasonic transducer 21 are connected through a screw thread, and lower ultrasound flange fixed plate 17 and lower ultrasonic pressing plate 18 pass through
Soket head cap screw is pressed on the ring flange both sides of lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer 19, lower ultrasound flange fixed plate 17 and lower ultrasonic pressing plate 18
With the flange contact of lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer 19, the Cylindrical Surfaces Contact for lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer 19 of getting along well, lower ultrasound flange fixed plate 17
It is connected by lower pull rod 22, nut and lower ultrasonic fixed plate 20；The upper and lower cavity plate 2,25 passes through with upper and lower die case 1,26
Prestressing force cooperation installation, fovea superior die sleeve 1, upper die plate 3 are fixed on after being bolted to be rushed on cushion cover 4, on to rush cushion cover 4 logical
It crosses upper clamping plate 13 to be pressed on cope plate 5, recessed die sleeve 26, lower mold backing plate 24 are fixed on undershoot cushion cover 15 after being bolted
On, undershoot cushion cover 15 is pressed in by lower die holder plate 14 in lower template 16, upper clamping plate 13, lower die holder plate 14 with bolt respectively with
Upper and lower template 5,16 is fixed.
First according to the material and shape of certain spiral bevel gear, size and forming temperature etc. select ultrasonic vibration frequency for
20KHz, setting ultrasonic vibration power (it is 40 μm to adjust amplitude of ultrasonic vibration), selects the sandwich of piezoelectric ceramic stack shear-polarization
Formula longitrorse ultrasonic transducer or selection carry helicla flute-index section output end, and ultrasonic vibrational mode is that longitrorse vibrates；
The blank that pre-processing is crossed is put into mold, forcing press work, part of the upper die downlink starts to mold；
After upper lower cavity die is closed, closing cylinder locking, while opening the upper and lower ultrasound being connected with upper punch 12, low punch 23
Vibrating mechanism, upper punch 12 further push, and low punch 23 is further upper to press, molded part, pressurize 3 seconds；
Ultrasonic vibration on closing upper punch 12, low punch 23, part of the upper die uplink open 23 side of low punch after die sinking
Ultrasonic vibration mechanism, time of vibration is 1 second, is about to gear forgings ejection on low punch 23.
Embodiment two (the common forging of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary, in conjunction with attached drawing 5)
Shown in the device combination attached drawing 5 that ultrasonic wave added commonly forges, be by forcing press, shaping dies, ultrasonic vibration mechanism,
Ejection system with ejector pin forms, and wherein shaping dies is made of upper mold 35, lower die 37, upper insert 36 and lower insert 38, upper insert 36
It is connected by screw thread and tool heads 34, there are certain intervals, lower insert 38 and lower die 37 to pass through between upper insert 36 and upper mold 35
Soket head cap screw 43 is fixedly connected, and upper mold 35, lower die 37 are separately fixed at the dynamic crossbeam of forcing press, on bottom end rail；Ultrasonic vibration
Mechanism is made of supersonic generator, energy converter 31, amplitude transformer 32, tool heads 34 and fixing device, and tool heads 34 pass through screw rod
It is fixedly connected with amplitude transformer 32, amplitude transformer 32 is fixedly connected by screw rod with energy converter 31, and flange fixed plate 28 and pressing plate 30 are logical
Cross the ring flange both sides that soket head cap screw 29 is pressed on amplitude transformer 32, the method for flange fixed plate 28 and pressing plate 30 and amplitude transformer 32
Orchid contact, cannot be fixedly connected by fixed link 33 with upper mold 35 with the Cylindrical Surfaces Contact of amplitude transformer 32, flange fixed plate 28；Top
Bar ejecting mechanism is made of mandril 39, mandril ending tool head 40, mandril end amplitude transformer 42, mandril end energy converter 41,39 He of mandril
Mandril ending tool head 40 is connected by screw rod, and mandril ending tool head 40 is connected with mandril end amplitude transformer 42 by screw rod, mandril end
Amplitude transformer 42 and mandril end energy converter 41 are connected through a screw thread.
Blank heating is made into upset punching processing to forging temperature, on forging equipment first, is then made on staving press
Reaming spreading；Select ultrasonic vibration frequency for 20KHz according to the material of certain gear forgings, type, size and forming temperature etc., if
It is 30 μm to have set amplitude of ultrasonic vibration, selects Conventional piezoelectric ceramic transducer and pyramid type amplitude transformer to be installed, ultrasonic vibration
Pattern is extensional vibration；Blank is put into forging mold, Opening pressure machine, while opening the ultrasonic vibration installation in insert,
Start to mold, mold is kept for 3 seconds after being adjacent to completely, makes vibration transmit more abundant, the bonding force signal of forging force and ultrasonic vibration
As shown in Figure 3；Close the ultrasonic vibration in insert, die sinking；Open 2 seconds (ultrasonic vibration frequencies of ultrasonic vibration installation of mandril side
Rate is 15KHz, and amplitude of ultrasonic vibration is 10 μm, and vibration mode is extensional vibration), mandril ejects forging, and it is super to close mandril end
Acoustic vibration device, mandril reset.
The embodiment is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, not
Away from the present invention substantive content in the case of, those skilled in the art can make it is any it is conspicuously improved, replace
Or modification all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. ultrasonic wave added finish forge method, which is characterized in that the setting ultrasonic vibration mechanism on conventional finish forge mould makes ultrasound
Vibrating mechanism rushes the intermediate straight slot of cushion cover (4), cope plate (5) on and is fixedly connected with upper punch (12), upper ultrasonic transducer
(9) mechanical oscillation are converted the electrical signal to and pass to ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8), upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8) will be amplified super
Acoustic vibration passes to upper punch (12), and vibration is passed to blank by upper punch (12) again, makes the upper punch (12) of generation resonance will
Ultrasonic vibration passes to blank, and lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism is identical as upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism, likewise, Shi Xia ultrasonic vibrations mechanism
The straight slot intermediate across undershoot cushion cover (15), lower template (16) is fixedly connected with low punch (23), and lower ultrasonic transducer (21) will
Electric signal is converted into mechanical oscillation and passes to lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer (19), and lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer (19) shakes amplified ultrasound
Dynamic to pass to low punch (23), vibration is passed to blank by low punch (23) again, makes the low punch (23) of generation resonance will be ultrasonic
Vibration passes to blank；
By adjusting amplitude, frequency and the vibration mode of ultrasonic vibration, the precision forging being suitable under different condition；In low punch
(23) ultrasonic vibration is opened when ejecting product, to reduce the binding force between forging and mold, improves removal, including as follows
Step：
Step S1：Ultrasonic vibration frequency is selected according to material and shape complexity, size and forming temperature of forging etc. first
Rate adjusts ultrasonic vibration power and adjusts amplitude of ultrasonic vibration, suitable ultrasound is generated by replacing energy converter or amplitude transformer
Vibration mode, simulation calculation and the length for designing punch areThe intrinsic frequency of wavelength, punch is ultrasonic vibration frequency；
Step S2：Upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism, lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism are fixed with upper punch (12), low punch (23) respectively and connected
It connects, and attaches it on finish forge mould, make upper punch (12), low punch (23) that upper cavity die (2), lower cavity die be passed through to be opened on (25)
If straight slot, the blank that pre-processing is crossed is put into mold, forcing press work, upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism downlink starts to mold；
Step S3：After upper cavity die (2), lower cavity die (25) are closed, closing cylinder locking, while opening and upper punch (12), low punch
(23) connected upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism, lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism, upper punch (12) further push, and low punch (23) is further
Upper pressure, molded part, pressurize；
Step S4：Ultrasonic vibration on closing upper punch (12), low punch (23), upper cavity die (2) part uplink are opened after die sinking
The ultrasonic vibration mechanism of low punch (23) side, by being about to forging ejection on low punch (23).
2. ultrasonic wave added finish forge method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that ultrasonic wave occurs when ultrasonic wave added finish forge
The ranging from 15KHz-80KHz of device frequency；Ranging from 5 μm -80 μm of ultrasonic amplitude；What ultrasonic wave used in precision forging process shakes
Dynamic model formula has radial vibration, extensional vibration, bending vibration, longitrorse vibration, vertical bending vibration dynamic or Bending-Twist Vibrations.
3. ultrasonic wave added finish forge method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when low punch (23) ejects product, if
The optional range for setting the ultrasonic vibration frequency on low punch (23) is 15KHz-50KHz；Ultrasonic amplitude ranging from 5 μm of -50 μ
m；The ultrasonic vibrational mode of use has extensional vibration, bending vibration, longitrorse vibration, vertical bending vibration dynamic or Bending-Twist Vibrations.
4. ultrasonic wave added finish forge method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that upper punch (12), low punch (23) length
DegreeWherein, λ is propagation wavelength of the ultrasonic wave in punch material, and c is ultrasonic wave in punch material
Acoustic speed of propagation, f are ultrasonic frequency.
5. ultrasonic wave added finish forge method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that can be to forging side in forging process
End face applies ultrasonic vibration, either applies ultrasonic vibration simultaneously to both sides of the face or localized region applies ultrasonic vibration；Institute
Ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8) and upper punch (12), lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer (19) and low punch (23) are stated using Stud connection or is adopted
Ultrasonic vibration is transmitted with the form being in direct contact.
6. the device of ultrasonic wave added finish forge method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, including upper cavity die (2), lower cavity die
(25), upper punch (12), low punch (23), upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism and lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism, which is characterized in that mold is closed
When, the upper cavity die (2), lower cavity die (25) and upper punch (12) and low punch (23) form enclosed die cavity together；It is described super
Acoustic vibration mechanism is identical with lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism structure, and distribution symmetrical above and below；The upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism includes upper super
Sound flange fixed plate (6), upper ultrasonic pressing plate (7), upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8), upper ultrasonic transducer (9), upper ultrasonic fixed plate
(10) and upper connecting rod (11)；The upper end of the upper punch (12) is threadedly coupled by screw rod and upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8), when work
The lower end of upper punch (12) passes through upper cavity die (2), and the lower end of low punch (23) passes through screw rod and lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer (19) bolt
Connection, the upper end of low punch (23) passes through lower cavity die (25) when work.
7. ultrasonic wave added finish forge device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that under the lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism includes
Ultrasonic flange fixed plate (17), lower ultrasonic pressing plate (18), lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer (19), lower ultrasonic fixed plate (20), lower ultrasound are changed
It can device (21) and lower pull rod (22).
8. ultrasonic wave added finish forge device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the upper ultrasonic vibration mechanism, on
The upper end of ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8) and upper ultrasonic transducer (9) are connected through a screw thread, upper ultrasound flange fixed plate (6) and upper ultrasound
Pressing plate (7) is pressed on the ring flange both sides of upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8) by soket head cap screw, upper ultrasound flange fixed plate (6) and
The flange contact of upper ultrasound pressing plate (7) and upper ultrasonic amplitude transformer (8), the hole on upper ultrasound flange fixed plate (6) and upper ultrasound change
There is gap between the cylindrical surface of width bar (8)；It is provided with pull-up between upper ultrasound flange fixed plate (6) and upper ultrasonic fixed plate (10)
Bar (11).
9. ultrasonic wave added finish forge device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the lower ultrasonic vibration mechanism, under
The lower end of ultrasonic amplitude transformer (19) and lower ultrasonic transducer (21) are connected through a screw thread, it is lower ultrasound flange fixed plate (17) and it is lower surpass
Acoustic pressure plate (18) is pressed on the ring flange both sides of lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer (19), lower ultrasound flange fixed plate by soket head cap screw
(17) and the flange contact of lower ultrasonic pressing plate (18) and lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer (19), the hole on lower ultrasound flange fixed plate (17) with
There is gap on the cylindrical surface of lower ultrasonic amplitude transformer (19), is arranged between lower ultrasound flange fixed plate (17) and lower ultrasonic fixed plate (20)
There is lower pull rod (22).
10. ultrasonic wave added finish forge device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the upper cavity die (2), lower cavity die
(25) coordinated by prestressing force with upper cavity die (1), recessed die sleeve (26) and installed, fovea superior die sleeve (1), upper die plate (3) pass through spiral shell
Tether to be fixed on after connecing and rush on cushion cover (4), on rush cushion cover (4) and be pressed on cope plate (5) by upper clamping plate (13), lower cavity die
Set (26), lower mold backing plate (24) are fixed on after being bolted on undershoot cushion cover (15), and undershoot cushion cover (15) passes through lower die holder
Plate (14) is pressed in lower template (16), upper clamping plate (13), lower die holder plate (14) with bolt respectively with cope plate (5), lower template
(16) fixed.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810441692.1A CN108543898A (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-05-10 | Ultrasonic wave added finish forge method and apparatus |
| PCT/CN2018/095532 WO2019214055A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-07-13 | Ultrasonic auxiliary precision forging method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810441692.1A CN108543898A (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-05-10 | Ultrasonic wave added finish forge method and apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108543898A true CN108543898A (en) | 2018-09-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810441692.1A Pending CN108543898A (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2018-05-10 | Ultrasonic wave added finish forge method and apparatus |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN108543898A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019214055A1 (en) |
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| CN109465442A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-15 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of forging of amorphous alloy part/increasing material composite manufacturing method |
| CN109551614A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-04-02 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of ultrasonic unit for powder pressing forming |
| CN110271126A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-24 | 云智前沿科技发展（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of capsule die and release method |
| CN110976730A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 如皋市林达线路金具有限公司 | One-step forging forming process for inner cavity of ball socket hardware fitting |
| CN111266503A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 | Ultrasonic auxiliary forming device |
| CN112296111A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-02-02 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Plastic forming method of large-scale complex special-shaped structural part |
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| CN112974558A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-18 | 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 | Extrusion apparatus, extrusion method thereof and product thereof |
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| CN112296111A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-02-02 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Plastic forming method of large-scale complex special-shaped structural part |
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| CN115287477A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-04 | 无锡凯斯特铸业有限公司 | GH3039 high-nickel alloy part forming method |
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