CN108535314B - Cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device and test method - Google Patents
Cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an air curtain test device for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, which comprises a tunnel formed by surrounding rocks, an air curtain machine for blocking air flow inside and outside the tunnel, and a surrounding rock ground temperature control device for controlling the ground temperature of the tunnel, wherein the surrounding rocks are arranged in a refrigerating chamber, the surrounding rock ground temperature control device comprises a water storage space and a water pump, the water storage space is arranged at the periphery of the tunnel, the ground temperature of the tunnel is controlled by controlling the water temperature of the water storage space, the external temperature of the tunnel is controlled by controlling the temperature of the refrigerating chamber, temperature test points are arranged in the surrounding rocks, and air speed test points are arranged in the tunnel. The invention provides test data and theoretical support for solving the problem of freezing injury of the tunnel in the cold region.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device, in particular to a cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device and a test method.
Background
The number of tunnels constructed in high altitude and high latitude areas is increasing, and the problem of freezing injury of tunnels in cold areas is increasingly prominent. According to the statistics of the freezing injury in Japan, Norway and China, the total number of 3819 railway tunnels in Japan (1999) shows that 2135 tunnels with freezing injury account for 56 percent of the total number of the tunnels, and the events endangering the traffic safety due to the freezing injury in winter frequently occur; almost all railway tunnels in Norway (1990) have freezing damages such as lining cracking, ice hanging, ice sliding and the like to different degrees; in the whole line 11516 railway tunnels in China (2014), 5990 tunnels with freeze injury account for 52 percent of the total number of the tunnels, wherein 2937 tunnels with severe freeze injury account for 26 percent of the total number of the tunnels.
The construction and operation conditions of a large number of railway tunnels in cold regions indicate that the freeze injury caused by low temperature generally exists in the existing railway tunnels, and the freeze injury not only causes serious damage to the tunnel structure, but also brings great potential safety hazards to railway operation safety burying. The laying of the heat preservation layer is a passive cold-proof heat preservation measure generally adopted at present in China, the laying of the heat preservation layer has a certain application range and is not suitable for all cold region tunnels, and the research on novel energy-saving active heat preservation measures becomes a development direction of the heat preservation work of the cold region tunnels in the future.
The theory of the air curtain is mature, and is widely applied to supermarkets, hospitals, stations, industrial factory building gates, mines and mines, at present, no precedent of utilizing an air curtain heat preservation method exists in the heat preservation work of the tunnel in the built cold region, the heat preservation effect is similar to that of a cold-proof door, and heat exchange between the inside of the tunnel portal and the outside is reduced by utilizing strong wind in the vertical direction, so that the purpose of keeping the temperature in the tunnel is achieved. Compared with the cold-proof door, the air curtain heat preservation method has the biggest advantages of no influence on driving safety, simple management and convenient maintenance.
The turbulence coefficient alpha is related to the geometrical size of the jet flow, and cannot be obtained by a calculation formula, and the turbulence coefficients of different test models are different and must be obtained by multiple accurate tests. Most of the existing air curtain related model tests relate to a cold storage gate and a mining roadway, are not suitable for a cold region high-speed railway tunnel, construct a reasonable test device and a reasonable test method, disclose a cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain heat preservation mechanism, and provide test data and theoretical support for solving the problem of cold damage of the cold region tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an air curtain test device for a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region, aiming at solving the problem that a corresponding test device is lacked in the prior art and providing test data and theoretical support for solving the problem of cold region tunnel freezing injury.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a cold district high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device, includes tunnel 10 that the country rock formed, be used for the separation tunnel 10 hole inside and outside air flow's air curtain machine with be used for control the country rock geothermal control device of tunnel geothermal, the country rock is arranged in the refrigeration chamber, country rock geothermal control device is including depositing water space and water pump, it sets up in to deposit water space tunnel 10 is peripheral, through control deposit water space's temperature control tunnel geothermal, through control refrigeration chamber temperature control 10 external temperature in tunnel, be equipped with the temperature test point in the country rock, be equipped with the wind speed test point in the tunnel 10 hole.
Further, the temperature test points are arranged inside the surrounding rocks at the vault, the left and right arches and the left and right footers of the tunnel 10.
Further, the temperature test points are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the tunnel 10.
Further, the surrounding rock is formed by mixing sand, barite, vaseline and gypsum.
Further, the spout of air curtain machine sets up in 10 mouths in the tunnel, keeps away from the 10 mouths in the tunnel of air curtain machine install the efflux fan, the efflux fan is air-draft type efflux fan.
Further, a camera device and an illuminating device are installed in the refrigerating chamber, and the camera device is used for recording the progress of the test.
The invention also provides a test method based on the cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the external air temperature and the tunnel ground temperature of the tunnel 10 are fixed by adjusting the refrigerating chamber and the surrounding rock ground temperature control device,
(2) fixing various parameters of the air curtain machine by adopting a control variable method, changing the width of a nozzle of the air curtain machine to be tested, and researching the relation between the width of the nozzle and the separation efficiency of the air curtain;
(3) and (3) sequentially researching the relation between other parameters and the air curtain barrier efficiency according to the step (2).
Further, the parameters include a nozzle angle, a jet flow temperature, a jet flow speed, a setting interval and a setting length of the air curtain, the setting interval is a spacing distance between the nozzles of the air curtain pipeline, and the setting length refers to a total length of the nozzles of the air curtain pipeline in the tunnel.
Further, the method also comprises the step (4) of fitting, analyzing and testing data to determine the turbulence coefficient alpha, the air blocking efficiency eta and the mixed air temperature T of the air curtain of the high-speed railway tunnel 10 in the cold region1Test values of (2).
The beneficial effects produced by the invention comprise:
(1) the research result of the test system can determine the heat preservation efficiency, the turbulence coefficient alpha, the air blocking efficiency eta and the mixed air temperature T of the air curtain of the high-speed railway tunnel in the cold region1The experimental value of (2) and the research on the influence relationship among the main parameters are developed, which is helpful for solving the problem of freezing injury of the tunnel in the cold region.
(2) The laying of the heat preservation layer has a certain application range, is not suitable for all cold region tunnels, researches on novel energy-saving active heat preservation measures become the development direction of future cold region tunnel heat preservation work, and the test device and the test method provide test data support for popularization of the air curtain heat preservation theory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a test apparatus for a cold region high-speed railway tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the test apparatus for a cold region high speed railway tunnel according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a test method of a high-speed railway tunnel in a cold region.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-air curtain machine control device, 2-pipeline, 3-illuminating lamp, 4-camera device, 5-surrounding rock ground temperature control device, 6-jet fan, 7-temperature test point, 8-wind speed test point, 9-refrigeration chamber and 10-tunnel.
Detailed Description
The present invention is explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the air curtain test device for the high-speed railway tunnel in the cold region comprises an air curtain machine, an illuminating lamp 2, a camera device 3, a surrounding rock ground temperature control device 4, a jet fan 5, a temperature test point 6, a wind speed test point 7, a refrigeration chamber 8, a tunnel 9 and the like. The outside-in is refrigeration room, country rock geothermal control device and tunnel in proper order, and the tunnel is formed by the country rock, and in order to simulate the tunnel geothermal under the true condition, country rock geothermal control device is including depositing water space and water pump, deposits the periphery that the water space set up at the country rock, through control temperature simulation tunnel geothermal, tunnel and country rock geothermal control device arrange the refrigeration indoor in, and the refrigeration room simulates outside air temperature under the true condition.
The air curtain machine control device 1 of the air curtain machine is positioned right above one end of the refrigeration chamber, is connected with a nozzle of the air curtain machine through a pipeline, the nozzle is installed at a tunnel opening, the nozzle sprays hot air curtain to block air flow in the tunnel and maintain the temperature in the tunnel, the connection schematic diagram is shown in figure 1, and the schematic diagram of the air curtain spraying air flow is shown in figure 3.
The illuminating lamp 2 is positioned right above the refrigerating chamber and provides an illuminating function. The camera device 3 is positioned at the diagonal position of the refrigerating chamber, provides a video recording function and is convenient for knowing the test progress in time. The surrounding rock geothermal control device 4 is located in the refrigerating chamber, the periphery of the surrounding rock is connected schematically as shown in figure 2, the device provides water pressure through a water pump, water is guaranteed to continuously circulate to maintain the water temperature, and then the surrounding rock temperature, namely the tunnel geothermal temperature, is controlled. And the jet fan 5 is positioned at the other end of the tunnel and adopts an air draft type jet fan.
The temperature test points 6 are arranged in the surrounding rock and used for testing the internal temperature of the rock stratum, the temperature test points are arranged at the vault, the left and right arch waists, the left and right wall feet and the like of the tunnel, one temperature test point is arranged at intervals of 1 meter along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the temperature distribution in the surrounding rock is tested.
And wind speed test points 7 are arranged at intervals of 1m inwards from the tunnel entrance, and the wind speed test points 7 are arranged at the left and right wall feet of the tunnel to test the wind speed distribution in the tunnel.
The length, width and height of the tunnel are respectively 6m, 2m and 2m, and the surrounding rock and lining material for forming the tunnel is formed by mixing sand, barite, vaseline and gypsum according to a certain proportion.
The air curtain machine 1 adopts a heating air-draft type, and the adjusting range of the air speed is 1-30 m/s. The camera 3 can monitor the progress of the test in real time. The temperature range of the surrounding rock ground temperature control device is 0-15 ℃. The jet fan 5 adopts an air draft type jet fan, and the adjusting range of the air speed is 1-30 m/s. The temperature test points 6 are arranged at the positions of a tunnel vault, left and right arches, left and right wall feet and the like at intervals of 1m from the tunnel portal inwards, 5 test points are arranged at each position, the 5 test points are arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the longitudinal and radial temperature distribution of the surrounding rock is tested. The temperature regulating range of the refrigerating chamber 8 is 0 ℃ to-30 ℃.
According to the cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device and the test method thereof, figure 3: firstly, adjusting a refrigerating chamber 8 and a surrounding rock ground temperature control device 4, fixing the outside air temperature and the surrounding rock ground temperature, adjusting the nozzle width, the nozzle angle, the jet flow temperature, the jet flow speed, the setting interval and the setting length of the air curtain machine 1 by adopting a variable control method, and respectively collecting the temperature of the surrounding rock and the wind speed in a tunnel when the air curtain machine 1 is opened and closed by adopting a temperature test point 6 and a wind speed test point 7. And then changing the outside air temperature and the ground temperature of the surrounding rocks, and repeating the test process until the test is finished.
Summarizing test data, and determining turbulence coefficient alpha, air blocking efficiency eta and mixed air temperature T of the air curtain of the high-speed railway tunnel in the cold region by fitting and analyzing the test data1And researching the relation between parameters such as the width of an air curtain nozzle, the angle of the nozzle, the temperature of jet flow, the speed of the jet flow, the setting interval, the setting length and the like, and the blocking efficiency and the mixing temperature of the air curtain.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the content of the embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the technical scope of the present invention, and any changes and modifications made are within the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a cold district high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device which characterized in that: the tunnel temperature control device comprises a tunnel formed by surrounding rocks, an air curtain machine used for blocking air flowing inside and outside a tunnel and a surrounding rock ground temperature control device used for controlling the tunnel ground temperature, wherein the surrounding rocks are arranged in a refrigerating chamber; a plurality of temperature test points for testing longitudinal and radial temperature distribution of the surrounding rock are arranged in the surrounding rock, and a plurality of wind speed test points for testing wind speed distribution in the tunnel are arranged in the tunnel;
the temperature test points are provided with 5 test points in the radial direction of the surrounding rock, and each test point is arranged in the surrounding rock at the vault, the left and right arch waists and the left and right wall feet of the tunnel; the 5 measuring points are all arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel;
the nozzle of the air curtain machine is arranged at the tunnel entrance, and the tunnel entrance far away from the air curtain machine is provided with a jet fan which is an air draft type jet fan;
aiming at each parameter of the air curtain machine, a control variable method is adopted, and the surrounding rock temperature of the tunnel and the wind speed in the tunnel hole at a specific external air temperature and surrounding rock ground temperature when the air curtain machine is opened and closed are respectively collected by using a temperature test point and a wind speed test point; each parameter of the air curtain machine comprises a nozzle width, a nozzle angle, a jet flow temperature, a jet flow speed, a setting interval and a setting length;
by summarizing and fitting the test data fed back by the temperature test points and the wind speed test points, the turbulence coefficient alpha, the air blocking efficiency eta and the mixed air temperature of the air curtain of the high-speed railway tunnel in the cold region under the selected parameters of the air curtain machine can be determinedT 1And obtaining the parameters of the air curtain machine, the air curtain separation efficiency eta and the mixed air temperatureT 1The relationship between them.
2. The cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature test points are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the tunnel.
3. The cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the surrounding rock is formed by mixing sand, barite, vaseline and gypsum.
4. The cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device of claim 1, characterized in that: and a camera device and an illuminating device are installed in the refrigerating chamber, and the camera device is used for recording the progress of the test.
5. A test method of the cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device based on claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) fixing the external air temperature of the tunnel and the ground temperature of the tunnel by adjusting a refrigerating chamber and a surrounding rock ground temperature control device, (2) fixing all parameters of the air curtain machine by adopting a control variable method, changing the width of a nozzle of the test air curtain machine, and researching the relation between the width of the nozzle and the air curtain separation efficiency; the parameters comprise the nozzle angle, the jet flow temperature, the jet flow speed, the setting interval and the setting length of the air curtain, wherein the setting interval is the interval distance between the nozzles of the air curtain pipeline, and the setting length refers to the total length of the nozzles of the air curtain pipeline in the tunnel;
(3) sequentially researching the relation between other parameters and the air curtain barrier efficiency according to the step (2);
(4) fitting analysis test data to determine turbulence coefficient alpha, air blocking efficiency eta and mixed air temperature of air curtain of high-speed railway tunnel in cold regionT 1Test values of (2).
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| CN109448536A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-03-08 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of aeration type tunnel in cold area longitudinal temperature distribution experiments device |
| CN110130983B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2021-02-02 | 淮阴工学院 | Novel cold region tunnel portal front-end heat preservation system device and control method thereof |
| CN111878149B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-03-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Self-air curtain system for reducing air invasion amount of circular tunnel |
| CN112461488A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-09 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Tunnel high-pressure air curtain test device, method and system |
| CN114235633B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2024-05-14 | 淮阴工学院 | Model test method for measuring tunnel air curtain running track and performance thereof |
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| CN102526909B (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-12-18 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Long-channel air vortex plug smoke isolation system |
| CN205317708U (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-15 | 西南交通大学 | Test device of han qu tunnel country rock and distinguished and admirable heat transfer |
| CN106353114B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2019-02-01 | 石家庄铁道大学 | A kind of High-cold regions tunnel temperature field experimental provision and its experimental method |
| CN106401644B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-11-30 | 石家庄铁道大学 | A kind of tunnel in cold area air curtain Heat preservation system |
| CN106485975B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2019-03-29 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of tunnel in cold area temperature field laboratory experiment system |
| CN206161574U (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-05-10 | 西南交通大学 | Test device of high ground temperature tunnel country rock and distinguished and admirable heat transfer |
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Application publication date: 20180914 Assignee: Anhui Shengyan Construction Engineering Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HUAIYIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022980025816 Denomination of invention: An Air Curtain Test Device and Test Method for High Speed Railway Tunnel in Cold Regions Granted publication date: 20210511 License type: Common License Record date: 20221212 |
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