CN108533720B - Skewed tooth gear box with double output shafts - Google Patents
Skewed tooth gear box with double output shafts Download PDFInfo
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- CN108533720B CN108533720B CN201810642451.3A CN201810642451A CN108533720B CN 108533720 B CN108533720 B CN 108533720B CN 201810642451 A CN201810642451 A CN 201810642451A CN 108533720 B CN108533720 B CN 108533720B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/029—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for sealing the gearboxes, e.g. to improve airtightness
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a double-output-shaft helical gear box which comprises an input mechanism, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a first output mechanism, a second output mechanism, a box body, an edge cover and a bottom cover and can be applied to pressing machines or rolling machines in the industries of food, chemical engineering, building materials and the like. The invention has the advantages that through reasonable transmission arrangement and special oil sealing treatment, the bearing capacity of the gear box is strong, the service life is long, the gear box is particularly suitable for equipment working in a strong alkaline environment, such as soap making equipment, the service life of lubricating oil of the gear box can be effectively prolonged, and the operation and maintenance cost of the gear box is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear boxes, and particularly relates to a double-output-shaft helical gear box which is particularly suitable for soap making equipment or equipment in other alkaline working environments.
Background
The helical gear reducer is a speed reduction transmission device, and has the advantages of small volume, light weight, large transmission torque, smooth starting, fine transmission ratio grading, optional connection and selection of various installation positions according to requirements and the like. However, helical gear boxes, which are core components of helical gear reducers, have been plagued by problems such as oil leakage and poor sealing effect for a long time. The applicant in its patent CN205978281U has solved the problem of poor sealing performance to some extent by the labyrinth sealing method and the design of oil return grooves.
However, when the structure of the helical gear box is further complicated, for example, the output shaft is increased, on one hand, the leakage points of lubricating oil are increased, and higher requirements are put on the sealing performance of the gear box; on the other hand, the friction between gears is increased, and higher requirements are put forward on the quality of lubricating oil.
In addition, when the working condition of the helical gear box is further severe, for example, in a strong alkaline working environment, the alkaline substance is easy to damage an oil film which plays a role in sealing, so that the leakage of an oil seal is caused, and along with the leakage of the oil seal, the alkaline substance is easy to permeate into lubricating oil from an oil leakage position, and further performs saponification reaction with the lubricating oil, so that precipitation and emulsification are generated, and the quality of the lubricating oil is rapidly deteriorated; on the other hand, the acid-base property of the lubricating oil is easy to rust metal parts such as gears, so that the rust prevention and corrosion prevention performance of the lubricating oil is rapidly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a dual output shaft helical gear box which has a high load-carrying capacity and a long service life, and is particularly suitable for use in devices operating in a strongly alkaline environment, such as soap making devices.
The invention discloses a double-output-shaft helical gear box which comprises an input mechanism, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a first output mechanism, a second output mechanism, a box body, a side cover and a bottom cover.
The input mechanism comprises an input shaft, the input shaft is arranged between the side cover and the bottom cover through a first bearing and a second bearing, and an input oil seal, an unloading sleeve and an input gear are arranged on the input shaft. When the gear box is used, the input motor drives the input shaft to rotate through the belt pulley and the belt so as to drive the gear box to work. The unloading sleeve can effectively offset additional forces such as additional radial force, axial force and the like borne by the input shaft, so that the service life of the gear box is prolonged.
The first transmission mechanism comprises a first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft is arranged between the side cover and the bottom cover through a third bearing and a fourth bearing, and a first transmission gear wheel and a first transmission pinion are arranged on the first transmission shaft. The first transmission gearwheel is meshed with an input gear of the input mechanism, so that the rotating speed of the first transmission shaft is reduced relative to the input shaft.
The second transmission mechanism comprises a second transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft is arranged between the side cover and the bottom cover through a fifth bearing and a sixth bearing, and a second transmission small gear and a second transmission large gear are arranged on the second transmission shaft. The second transmission gear wheel is meshed with the first transmission pinion of the first transmission mechanism, so that the rotating speed of the second transmission shaft is further reduced relative to the first transmission shaft.
The first output mechanism comprises a first output shaft, the first output shaft is arranged below the first output end cover through a seventh bearing and an eighth bearing, and a first output oil seal, a first output gear and a first reversing gear are arranged on the first output shaft. Wherein the first output gear meshes with a second drive pinion of the second drive mechanism such that the rotational speed of the first output shaft is further reduced relative to the second drive shaft.
The second output mechanism comprises a second output shaft, the second output shaft is arranged below the second output end cover through a ninth bearing and a tenth bearing, and a second output oil seal and a second reversing gear are arranged on the second output shaft. The second reversing gear is meshed with the first reversing gear of the first output mechanism.
Furthermore, the first output shaft and the second output shaft are double flat key hollow output shafts with the same horizontal height, and the first reversing gear and the second reversing gear are a pair of 1:1 gears, so that the first output shaft and the second output shaft synchronously and reversely rotate, and therefore, the double flat key hollow output shaft can be applied to pressing machines or rolling machines in the industries of food, chemical engineering, building materials and the like.
Furthermore, the first transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft and the first output shaft are arranged in a fold line mode, namely the axle center of the first transmission shaft, the axle center of the second transmission shaft and the axle center of the first output shaft are not located on the same straight line, so that the transmission center distance of the gear is increased, and the bearing capacity of the gear box is stronger.
Further, the input oil seal, the first output oil seal and the second output oil seal adopt framework oil seals.
Further, the inner ring side surface of the framework oil seal (namely the sealing surfaces of the framework oil seal and the input shaft, the first output shaft and the second output shaft, namely the oil film forming part during the operation of the gear box) is subjected to graphene fatty acid dispersion liquid coating treatment during the assembly, and the steps are as follows:
(1) uniformly stirring and mixing graphene and fatty acid to obtain a fatty acid dispersion liquid of the graphene;
(2) coating the fatty acid dispersion liquid of the graphene obtained in the step (1) on the side surface of the inner ring of the framework oil seal;
(3) and (3) drying the framework oil seal coated in the step (2) for a period of time, and then using the framework oil seal for assembly.
Preferably, the graphene used in step (1) is multi-layer graphene, i.e. wherein the number of layers of the majority of graphene sheets is greater than 1.
Preferably, the fatty acid used in step (1) is a C6-C20 fatty acid, preferably an unsaturated fatty acid, more preferably lauric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid or a combination thereof, most preferably linoleic acid.
Preferably, the mass ratio of graphene to fatty acid in the step (1) is 1: 3-1: 10, and more preferably the mass ratio of graphene to linoleic acid is 1: 4.
Preferably, the drying in the step (3) adopts a vacuum oven, and the drying temperature is controlled at 30-50 ℃, more preferably 40 ℃; the drying time is controlled to be 30-90 minutes, and more preferably 60 minutes.
The double-output helical gear box at least has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the gear transmission shaft adopts a fold line arrangement design, so that the transmission center distance of the gear is increased as much as possible under the condition of not changing the size of the gear box, and the bearing capacity of the gear box is enhanced.
(2) The unloading sleeve is additionally arranged at the input shaft, so that additional forces such as additional radial force, axial force and the like borne by the input shaft can be effectively counteracted, and the service life of the gear box is prolonged.
(3) The framework oil seal which is subjected to special treatment is innovatively adopted as the oil seal of the gear box, so that the gear box can be better suitable for soap making equipment or equipment which works in other strong alkaline environments, the service time of gear box lubricating oil is effectively prolonged, and the operation and maintenance cost of the gear box is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a helical gear box according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the helical gear case of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises an input mechanism 1, an input shaft 11, a first bearing 12, an input oil seal 13, an unloading sleeve 14, an input gear 15, a second bearing 16 and an input shaft O1;
2-a first transmission mechanism, 21-a first transmission shaft, 22-a third bearing, 23-a first transmission big gear, 24-a first transmission small gear, 25-a fourth bearing, and O2-a first transmission shaft axis;
3-a second transmission mechanism, 31-a second transmission shaft, 32-a fifth bearing, 33-a second transmission pinion, 34-a second transmission gearwheel, 35-a sixth bearing and O3-the axis of the second transmission shaft;
4-a first output mechanism, 41-a first output shaft, 42-a first output oil seal, 43-a first output end cover, 44-a seventh bearing, 45-a first output gear, 46-a first reversing gear, 47-an eighth bearing, and O4-the axis of the first output shaft;
5-a second output mechanism, 51-a second output shaft, 52-a second output oil seal, 53-a second output end cover, 54-a ninth bearing, 55-a second reversing gear, 56-a tenth bearing, and O5-the axis of the second output shaft;
6-box body, 7-side cover and 8-bottom cover.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate the present invention in detail, and the following examples are given to illustrate the detailed embodiments and specific procedures of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
In a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional view of the helical gear box of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, and mainly includes an input mechanism 1, a first transmission mechanism 2, a second transmission mechanism 3, a first output mechanism 4, a second output mechanism 5, a box 6, a side cover 7 and a bottom cover 8.
The input mechanism 1 comprises an input shaft 11, the input shaft 11 is arranged between the side cover 7 and the bottom cover 8 through a first bearing 12 and a second bearing 17, and an input oil seal 13, an unloading sleeve 14 and an input gear 15 are arranged on the input shaft. In use of the gearbox, an input motor drives the input shaft 11 via a pulley and belt (not shown) to rotate to drive the gearbox. The unloading sleeve 15 can effectively offset additional forces such as additional radial force, axial force and the like borne by the input shaft 11, and the service life of the gear box is prolonged.
The first transmission mechanism 2 comprises a first transmission shaft 21, the first transmission shaft 21 is mounted between the side cover 7 and the bottom cover 8 through a third bearing 22 and a fourth bearing 25, and a first transmission gearwheel 23 and a first transmission pinion 24 are mounted thereon. In this case, the first gearwheel 23 meshes with the input gear 15 of the input mechanism 1, so that the rotational speed of the first drive shaft 21 is reduced relative to the input shaft 11.
The second transmission mechanism 3 comprises a second transmission shaft 31, the second transmission shaft 31 is arranged between the side cover 7 and the bottom cover 8 through a fifth bearing 32 and a sixth bearing 35, and a second transmission pinion 33 and a second transmission gearwheel 34 are arranged on the second transmission shaft 31. In this case, the second gear wheel 34 meshes with the first gear pinion 24 of the first gear mechanism 2, so that the rotational speed of the second transmission shaft 31 is further reduced relative to the first transmission shaft 21.
The first output mechanism 4 includes a first output shaft 41, and the first output shaft 41 is mounted below a first output end cover 43 through a seventh bearing 44 and an eighth bearing 47, on which a first output oil seal 42, a first output gear 45, and a first reversing gear 46 are mounted. The first output gear 45 meshes with the second drive pinion 33 of the second transmission 3, so that the rotational speed of the first output shaft 41 is further reduced relative to the second drive shaft 31.
The second output mechanism 5 includes a second output shaft 51, and the second output shaft 51 is mounted below a second output end cover 53 through a ninth bearing 54 and a tenth bearing 56, on which a second output oil seal 52 and a second reversing gear 55 are mounted. The second reversing gear 55 meshes with the first reversing gear 46 of the first output mechanism 4.
In this embodiment, the two output shafts 41 and 51 are hollow output shafts with double flat keys at the same horizontal height, and the two reversing gears 46 and 55 are a pair of 1:1 gears, so that the two output shafts 41 and 51 rotate in opposite directions synchronously, and thus the two output shafts can be applied to pressing machines or rolling machines in the industries of food, chemical engineering, building materials and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a broken line arrangement is adopted between the two transmission shafts 21 and 22 and the first output shaft 41, that is, the first transmission shaft axis O2, the second transmission shaft axis O3 and the first output shaft axis O4 are not in the same straight line, which increases the transmission center distance of the gears and enhances the bearing capacity of the gear box.
In another embodiment of the invention, in order to make the gear box of the invention better suitable for soap making equipment in the chemical industry, the invention further optimizes the oil seal of the gear box. Since the soap making raw material and the soap making product both contain more alkaline substances and lipid substances, the sealing performance of the helical gear box used in the soap making machine is required to be higher. Because the sealing capability of the oil seal of the input shaft or the output shaft of the helical gear box depends on the thickness of an oil film on a sealing surface: the thickness is too large, and the oil seal can leak; if the thickness is too small, dry friction can occur, so that abrasion of an oil seal and a shaft is caused; without an oil film, heat generation and abrasion are easily caused. When the gear box is in a strong alkaline working environment for a long time, the alkaline substance is easy to have saponification reaction with the oil film to damage the oil film, so that the lubricating performance of the oil film is reduced and the oil seal is leaked, and the alkaline substance further permeates into the lubricating oil from the leakage part, so that the alkaline substance and the lubricating oil in the gear box have saponification reaction to generate precipitation and emulsification, and the quality of the lubricating oil is rapidly deteriorated; on the other hand, the acid-base property of the lubricating oil is easy to rust metal parts such as gears in the gear box, so that the rust prevention and corrosion prevention performance of the lubricating oil is rapidly reduced. In order to solve the problems, the invention innovatively adopts the specially processed framework oil seal as the oil seal of the gear box.
In one embodiment, the input oil seal 13, the first output oil seal 42 and the second output oil seal 52 of the present invention adopt skeleton oil seals, and the inner ring side surfaces of the skeleton oil seals are subjected to graphene fatty acid dispersion liquid coating treatment, and the steps are as follows:
(1) uniformly stirring and mixing graphene and fatty acid to obtain a fatty acid dispersion liquid of the graphene;
(2) coating the fatty acid dispersion liquid of the graphene obtained in the step (1) on the side surface of the inner ring of the framework oil seal;
(3) and (3) drying the framework oil seal coated in the step (2) for a period of time, and then using the framework oil seal for assembly (the assembly adopts a conventional framework oil seal assembly mode).
Preferably, the graphene used in step (1) is multi-layer graphene, i.e. the number of layers of most graphene sheets is greater than 1, so that compared with single-layer graphene, the cost is lower and the effect is better.
Preferably, the fatty acid used in step (1) is a C6-C20 fatty acid, preferably an unsaturated fatty acid, more preferably lauric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the graphene to the fatty acid in the step (1) is 1: 3-1: 10, and more preferably 1: 4.
Preferably, the drying in the step (3) adopts a vacuum oven, and the drying temperature is controlled at 30-50 ℃, more preferably 40 ℃; the drying time is controlled to be 30-90 minutes, and more preferably 60 minutes.
After the treatment by the method, the side surface of the inner ring of the framework oil seal (namely the sealing surface of the framework oil seal and the shaft, namely the oil film forming part during the operation of the gearbox) is coated with graphene, and the sheet layer of the graphene contains fatty acid. Since graphene is a very good lubricating material, the graphene has a promoting effect on the lubricating property of an oil film; and the mechanical property of the graphene coating layer is soft macroscopically, and the graphene sheets slide relatively microscopically, so that the thickness change of the oil film is easily compensated, the thickness of the oil film is always maintained in a proper range, and the sealing performance of the oil film is enhanced. Due to the double bonds contained in the unsaturated fatty acid, the unsaturated fatty acid can be firmly combined between the graphene sheets under the action of pi-pi, and when the gear box works in an alkaline environment, most alkaline substances are blocked at the framework oil seal due to the neutralization action of the fatty acid, so that the alkaline substances cannot easily permeate into the lubricating oil. The quality deterioration speed of the lubricating oil is greatly delayed, the lubricating oil does not need to be frequently replaced, only the framework oil seal needs to be replaced regularly, and the operation and maintenance cost of the gear box is greatly reduced.
The inventor respectively assembles the framework oil seals which are not treated by the method and are treated by the fatty acid dispersion liquid of the graphene with different proportions on the gear box, records and compares the long-term use condition of the gear box of the invention in the soap making equipment with the same working condition, and the results are shown in the following table:
processing mode of framework oil seal | First replacement time (Tian) of framework oil seal | First time change time (Tian) of lubricating oil |
Untreated | 62 | 89 |
Graphene: lauric acid 1:4 | 102 | 168 |
Graphene: lauric acid 1:7 | 98 | 125 |
Graphene: lauric acid 1:10 | 110 | 110 |
Graphene: oleic acid 1:4 | 90 | 160 |
Graphene: oleic acid 1:7 | 97 | 155 |
Graphene: oleic acid 1:10 | 104 | 124 |
Graphene: linoleic acid 1:4 | 82 | 205 |
Graphene: linoleic acid 1:7 | 98 | 158 |
Graphene: linoleic acid 1:10 | 96 | 133 |
As can be seen from the above table, the use effect in alkaline environment is not ideal by using the untreated framework oil seal, the framework oil seal is easy to be worn, and the lubricating oil is easy to deteriorate. The framework oil seal treated by the method of the invention has improved use effect in alkaline environment to different degrees. Among these, in particular graphene: the skeleton oil seal effect after the graphene dispersion liquid with linoleic acid as 1:4 is treated is the most outstanding, the replacement period of the lubricating oil of the gear box is prolonged by more than 2 times, although the replacement frequency of the skeleton oil seal is slightly increased compared with other treatment modes, the operation and maintenance cost of the gear box is greatly reduced in a comprehensive view, and the consumption of the graphene and the linoleic acid is small and the price is not very expensive. On the other hand, considering that oleic acid is low in price, and it is also comparatively obvious to the promotion of the sealed effect of skeleton oil blanket, selects graphite alkene: the graphene dispersion liquid with oleic acid of 1:4 is also a choice with higher cost performance to process the framework oil seal.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A double-output-shaft helical gear box is characterized by comprising an input mechanism, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism, a first output mechanism, a second output mechanism, a box body, a side cover and a bottom cover; wherein,
the input mechanism comprises an input shaft, the input shaft is arranged between the side cover and the bottom cover through a first bearing and a second bearing, and an input oil seal, an unloading sleeve and an input gear are arranged on the input shaft;
the first transmission mechanism comprises a first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft is arranged between the side cover and the bottom cover through a third bearing and a fourth bearing, a first transmission gear wheel and a first transmission pinion are arranged on the first transmission shaft, and the first transmission gear wheel is meshed with the input gear;
the second transmission mechanism comprises a second transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft is arranged between the side cover and the bottom cover through a fifth bearing and a sixth bearing, a second transmission pinion and a second transmission gearwheel are arranged on the second transmission shaft, and the second transmission gearwheel is meshed with the first transmission pinion;
the first output mechanism comprises a first output shaft, the first output shaft is arranged below a first output end cover through a seventh bearing and an eighth bearing, a first output oil seal, a first output gear and a first reversing gear are arranged on the first output shaft, and the first output gear is meshed with the second transmission pinion;
the second output mechanism comprises a second output shaft, the second output shaft is arranged below a second output end cover through a ninth bearing and a tenth bearing, a second output oil seal and a second reversing gear are arranged on the second output shaft, and the second reversing gear is meshed with the first reversing gear;
the input oil seal, first output oil seal and second output oil seal adopt the skeleton oil seal, the inner circle side of skeleton oil seal is through the fatty acid dispersion coating processing of graphite alkene.
2. The gearbox of claim 1, wherein the first output shaft and the second output shaft are co-level double flat key hollow output shafts.
3. The gearbox of claim 1, wherein the first reversing gear and the second reversing gear are a pair of 1:1 gears such that the first output shaft and the second output shaft rotate in opposite directions in synchronism.
4. The gearbox of claim 1, wherein the axial center of the first drive shaft, the axial center of the second drive shaft, and the axial center of the first output shaft are not collinear.
5. Gearbox according to claim 1, characterised in that the coating process comprises the following specific steps:
(1) uniformly stirring and mixing graphene and fatty acid to obtain a fatty acid dispersion liquid of the graphene;
(2) coating the fatty acid dispersion liquid of the graphene obtained in the step (1) on the side face of the inner ring of the framework oil seal;
(3) and (3) drying the framework oil seal coated in the step (2) for a period of time, and then using the framework oil seal for assembly.
6. The gearbox according to claim 5, wherein the graphene in the step (1) is multi-layer graphene, the fatty acid is C6-C20 fatty acid, and the mass ratio of the graphene to the fatty acid is 1: 3-1: 10.
7. The gearbox of claim 6, wherein the C6-C20 fatty acid is an unsaturated fatty acid.
8. The gearbox of claim 7, wherein the C6-C20 fatty acid is lauric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, or a combination thereof.
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CN204852184U (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-12-09 | 浙江恒齿传动机械有限公司 | Be used for wire -wound speed reducer |
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US4361058A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1982-11-30 | The Falk Corporation | Divided thrust apparatus |
CN202073986U (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-12-14 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Speed reducer with single input shaft and double output shafts on side surface at same end |
CN202349105U (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2012-07-25 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Horizontal gear transmission device with same-side input and same-side double outputs |
CN103671737A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-03-26 | 安徽费洛卡重工传动有限公司 | Speed reducer special for wire drawing machine |
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