CN108531774B - High-hardness titanium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-hardness titanium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy materials, and relates to a high-hardness titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The high-hardness titanium alloy mainly contains Ti, 6.0-8.0 wt% of Al, 0.5-2.5 wt% of Sn, 1.0-3.0 wt% of Zr, 2.0-4.0 wt% of Mo, 0.5-2.5 wt% of V, 0.5-3.0 wt% of Cr, 1.0-3.0 wt% of Nb and trace inevitable impurities. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing raw materials of an aluminum-tin intermediate alloy, an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy, an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy, an aluminum-niobium intermediate alloy, aluminum beans, electrolytic pure chromium, sponge zirconium and sponge titanium, pressing to obtain an electrode, and smelting the electrode to prepare an alloy primary smelting ingot, an alloy secondary smelting ingot and an alloy tertiary smelting ingot in sequence; (2) and after the surface of the cast ingot is scalped, cutting a dead head after X-ray flaw detection is finished, performing cogging forging and multi-fire high-temperature forging, and performing solid solution treatment and multi-stage aging treatment after rolling to obtain the high-hardness titanium alloy. The high-hardness titanium alloy has good and matched hardness, strength and plasticity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy materials, and relates to a high-hardness titanium alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the progress of science and technology, weight reduction and light weight become important directions for the development of application materials in the fields of modern aviation, aerospace, weapons, chemical engineering, automobiles, medical treatment and the like, and titanium alloy with the characteristics of light weight and high strength has been listed as a novel structural metal material with strategic significance in the 21 st century which is mainly developed by a plurality of countries in the world.
The existing research on titanium alloy materials mostly focuses on the improvement of tensile strength, and also focuses on plasticity satisfying industrial application, because high-strength titanium alloys can further enhance the weight reduction effect of titanium alloys. However, high hardness titanium alloys are less studied, and because there is no direct proportional linear relationship between the strength and hardness of titanium alloys, high strength titanium alloys developed in the background of high strength applications, such as TB2(Ti-3Al-5Mo-5V-8Cr), Ti-15333(Ti-3Al-3Sn-3Cr-15V), Timetal LCB (Ti-6.8Mo-4.5Fe-1.5Al) and β -CEZ (Ti-4Mo-2Cr-1Fe-5Al), have been treated by the solution aging process, although the tensile strength can reach the 1400MPa level, the hardness HRC value is usually less than 45. Currently, the available hardness HRC value range of titanium alloys which are commercially used is usually 30-45, which cannot meet the requirement of high hardness (HRC value is more than 50) when industrial titanium alloys are used for manufacturing cutters and gears, and thus the application of the titanium alloys in high-hardness service environment is greatly limited.
Chinese patent application 201210377502.7 discloses a titanium alloy for manufacturing a cutter and a preparation method thereof, wherein the nominal component of the disclosed titanium alloy is Ti-3Al-4V-5Cr-2Fe-7Mo-1W-1Zr-0.2O-0.2 Si. After the titanium alloy is subjected to solid solution and multistage aging, the HRC value can reach more than 55, and the density of the W element is 19.35g/cm3The melting point is about 3410 ℃, and the density of the Al element is 2.7g/cm3The melting point is about 660 ℃. However, the titanium alloy contains high-density and high-melting-point element W, and the problem of homogenization of alloy elements exists in the vacuum consumable melting process; under the condition of the same smelting current, the low-density low-melting-point Al element is difficult to be ensured not to be excessively lost, meanwhile, the high-density high-melting-point W element can be melted, alloys with different densities can be uniformly solidified, and the segregation phenomenon is not generated.
International patent application PCT/US2007/012293 discloses a method of preparing a high strength, high hardness and high toughness titanium alloy by adding boron to the titanium alloy, and the boron content in the boron modified titanium alloy does not exceed the eutectic limit. The titanium alloy is selected from Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si, and the adding method of boron is as follows: liquid or powdered boron is added to the molten titanium alloy and the melt is atomized to obtain boron-containing titanium alloy powder, which is formed by hot isostatic pressing, forging, extrusion or rolling. However, the preparation method disclosed in the application has high manufacturing cost and complex process, and is not suitable for industrial production.
In order to meet the application requirements of titanium alloys in high-hardness service environments, the current development situation of the high-hardness titanium alloy is combined, and the high-hardness titanium alloy which can be industrially produced, has the hardness HRC value of 50 and has good strength and plasticity matching is urgently needed to be developed. The development of the high-hardness titanium alloy can expand the application of the titanium alloy in the field of weight reduction of the cutter, thereby generating greater economic value.
Disclosure of Invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a high hardness titanium alloy having good and compatible hardness, strength and plasticity.
To achieve this object, the present invention provides, in a basic embodiment, a high-hardness titanium alloy containing, in addition to mainly Ti, 6.0 to 8.0% by weight of Al, 0.5 to 2.5% by weight of Sn, 1.0 to 3.0% by weight of Zr, 2.0 to 4.0% by weight of Mo, 0.5 to 2.5% by weight of V, 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of Cr, 1.0 to 3.0% by weight of Nb, and a trace amount of unavoidable impurities.
The alpha stabilizing element Al and the neutral elements Sn and Zr are added into the titanium alloy, wherein the solid solution strengthening effect of the Al element is most obvious. When the weight percentage content of the Al element reaches 3-5%, the tensile strength can be improved by 50 MPa-70 MPa when 1 weight percentage of Al is added. Sn and Zr are added as supplement reinforcers of the multi-component alloy, wherein the weight percentage content of Sn element is generally 0.5-2.5%, the strengthening effect is obvious, and the plasticity of the alloy is slowly reduced along with the increase of Sn element and Zr element. The addition of Sn and Zr elements is beneficial to the alloy to obtain better strength and plasticity matching.
Because the beta phase has higher strength and hardness, the titanium alloy of the invention is added with isomorphous beta stable elements Mo, V and Nb and eutectoid beta stable element Cr, which plays a solid solution strengthening role on the beta phase. Mo, V and Nb belong to beta isomorphous elements, eutectoid reaction does not occur, and the structural stability of the alloy at high temperature is ensured. Moreover, the addition of Mo and V elements obviously lowers the alloy phase change point and increases the hardenability of the alloy. The diffusion speed of the Mo element in the titanium alloy is slow, and the Mo element plays a role in refining the size of a precipitated phase in the titanium alloy, so that the heat treatment strengthening effect is enhanced; the Mo element can inhibit the occurrence of eutectoid reaction in a Ti-Cr system, thereby playing a role in preventing the generation of brittle metal compounds. The Nb element can improve the oxidation resistance of the titanium alloy. Cr element has strong capability of stabilizing beta phase, is a main additive of high-strength and high-hardness titanium alloy, and Cr is an inactive eutectoid element, and eutectoid transformation does not occur under the conditions of general production and heat treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high hardness titanium alloy, wherein the content of Fe in the unavoidable impurities is less than 0.3% of the total weight of the titanium alloy, the content of the single element of C and O is less than 0.1% of the total weight of the titanium alloy, the content of the element H is less than 0.001% of the total weight of the titanium alloy, the content of the element N is less than 0.05% of the total weight of the titanium alloy, and the sum of the contents of the other impurity elements is less than 0.1% of the total weight of the titanium alloy.
The impurity elements H and C are in limited solubility in alpha titanium and beta titanium and have eutectic and eutectoid transformation. H constitutes a interstitial solid solution in the titanium alloy, being an absolute harmful impurity which causes hydrogen embrittlement of the titanium alloy. Hydrogen embrittlement causes unexpected and spontaneous fracture of titanium alloy, and brings great harm to the use of titanium alloy, so the content of H in the titanium alloy is strictly controlled, and the content of H in the invention is less than 0.001%. The C element belongs to harmful impurities in the titanium alloy, and when the C content reaches 0.2% or more, very hard carbide is easily formed, and the plasticity and the impact toughness of the alloy are obviously reduced by the carbide. In the invention, the content of the C element is controlled to be less than 0.1 percent.
The impurity elements O and N have simple peritectic transformation in alpha titanium and beta titanium. The element O is in most cases a harmful impurity, causing brittleness of titanium. In the invention, the content of O is controlled to be less than 0.1 percent. N is a harmful impurity which significantly reduces the plasticity, so in industrial titanium and titanium alloys, the content thereof needs to be strictly controlled at 0.04% -0.05%.
The B element is hardly dissolved in the solid titanium and is not generally used for alloying the titanium alloy, and a trace amount of B (0.03-0.05%) can refine large grains of the titanium and the titanium alloy and can be used as a modifier for some practical applications. The addition of B element to titanium alloy easily forms TiB brittle phase, resulting in rapid decrease of titanium alloy plasticity. The lower plasticity makes the titanium alloy easy to brittle fracture during the use process. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-hardness titanium alloy, wherein the high-hardness titanium alloy contains, in addition to mainly Ti, 6.0% by weight of Al, 2.5% by weight of Sn, 3.0% by weight of Zr, 2.0% by weight of Mo, 0.5% by weight of V, 0.5% by weight of Cr, 1.0% by weight of Nb, and a trace amount of unavoidable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-hardness titanium alloy, wherein the high-hardness titanium alloy contains, in addition to mainly Ti, 6.5% by weight of Al, 2.0% by weight of Sn, 2.5% by weight of Zr, 2.5% by weight of Mo, 1.5% by weight of V, 2.0% by weight of Cr, 2.0% by weight of Nb, and a trace amount of unavoidable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-hardness titanium alloy, wherein the high-hardness titanium alloy contains, in addition to mainly Ti, 7.0% by weight of Al, 2.0% by weight of Sn, 2.0% by weight of Zr, 3.0% by weight of Mo, 2.0% by weight of V, 2.0% by weight of Cr, 3.0% by weight of Nb, and a trace amount of unavoidable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-hardness titanium alloy, wherein the high-hardness titanium alloy contains, in addition to mainly Ti, 7.0% by weight of Al, 1.5% by weight of Sn, 2.5% by weight of Zr, 3.5% by weight of Mo, 2.0% by weight of V, 2.0% by weight of Cr, 1.0% by weight of Nb, and a trace amount of unavoidable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-hardness titanium alloy, wherein the high-hardness titanium alloy contains, in addition to mainly Ti, 7.5% by weight of Al, 1.0% by weight of Sn, 2.0% by weight of Zr, 3.5% by weight of Mo, 2.5% by weight of V, 2.5% by weight of Cr, 1.5% by weight of Nb, and a trace amount of unavoidable impurities.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a high-hardness titanium alloy, wherein the high-hardness titanium alloy contains, in addition to mainly Ti, 8.0% by weight of Al, 0.5% by weight of Sn, 1.0% by weight of Zr, 4.0% by weight of Mo, 2.5% by weight of V, 3.0% by weight of Cr, 2.0% by weight of Nb, and a trace amount of unavoidable impurities.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a high-hardness titanium alloy as described above, so as to enable better production of a titanium alloy having both good and compatible hardness, strength and plasticity.
To achieve the object, in a basic embodiment, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-hardness titanium alloy as described above, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing raw materials of an aluminum-tin intermediate alloy, an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy, an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy, an aluminum-niobium intermediate alloy, aluminum beans, electrolytic pure chromium, sponge zirconium and sponge titanium, pressing to obtain an electrode, and smelting the electrode to prepare an alloy primary smelting ingot, an alloy secondary smelting ingot and an alloy tertiary smelting ingot in sequence;
(2) and after the surface of the cast ingot is scalped, cutting a dead head after X-ray flaw detection is finished, performing cogging forging and multi-fire high-temperature forging, and performing solid solution treatment and multi-stage aging treatment after rolling to obtain the high-hardness titanium alloy.
The preparation method of the high-hardness titanium alloy adopts three times of vacuum consumable electrode electric arc furnace smelting to obtain an ingot; carrying out chemical component analysis on the cast ingot, forging for multiple times after the components are confirmed to be uniform, and forging the internal defects of the cast ingot to obtain a fully refined and uniform as-cast structure; the casting is rolled and heat treated to obtain high hardness, high strength and high plasticity titanium alloy with homogeneous structure and excellent performance.
The titanium alloy prepared by the preparation method of the invention has the advantages that HRC (Rockwell hardness) is more than or equal to 50.5 and less than or equal to 55, Rm (tensile strength) is more than or equal to 1483MPa and less than or equal to 1871MPa, and R is more than or equal to 1429MPa and less than or equal to Rp0.2(yield strength) is less than or equal to 1682MPa, and the elongation A after fracture is less than or equal to 5.5 percent and less than or equal to 12 percent.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides the preparation method of the high-hardness titanium alloy, wherein in the step (2), the cogging forging temperature is 1100-; the multi-fire high-temperature forging temperature is 900-960 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 120-180 minutes.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides the preparation method of the high-hardness titanium alloy, wherein in the step (2), the rolling temperature is 850-950 ℃, and the holding time is 120-180 minutes; the total deformation of the rolling is 50-70%.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides the method for producing a high-hardness titanium alloy as described above, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the solution treatment is 780 ℃ to (T)β-30 ℃) and the heat preservation time is 0.5-2 h; the cooling mode of the solution treatment is air cooling or water cooling.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides the preparation method of the high-hardness titanium alloy, wherein in the step (2), the aging temperature of the multistage aging treatment is 350-600 ℃, and the aging holding time is 2-24 h.
The high-hardness titanium alloy has the beneficial effects that the high-hardness titanium alloy has good and matched hardness, strength and plasticity. By utilizing the preparation method of the high-hardness titanium alloy, the titanium alloy with good and matched hardness, strength and plasticity can be better prepared.
On the premise that the strength and the plasticity of the titanium alloy are well matched, the Rockwell hardness of the titanium alloy reaches 55, and when the titanium alloy is used as a substitute material in a high-hardness service environment, the Rockwell hardness is about 7.8g/cm in comparison with the density3The weight of the homogenized steel is reduced by 40 percent. The titanium alloy of the present invention can be used for manufacturing various parts requiring high hardness, such as cutters, gears, friction members, etc.
The titanium alloy of the present invention has a relatively low beta content, and when the beta content is limited to the upper limit by weight (i.e., 4.0% Mo, 2.5% V, 3.0% Cr, and 3.0% Nb), the molybdenum equivalent of the titanium alloy is 11.39. According to the Russian classification of titanium alloys, the titanium alloys are now in a transition between the alpha + beta two-phase and near-beta forms. Therefore, the titanium alloy has good thermal stability, and the working temperature can reach 400 ℃ for a long time (more than 3000 h). In addition, the titanium alloy has good welding performance, and the welding joint coefficient is 0.85; and due to the addition of a proper amount of beta stable elements, the pressure processability of the titanium alloy is greatly improved, and the good cold and hot processability is beneficial to improving the yield of the titanium alloy and reducing the manufacturing cost of parts by reversing.
In addition, the titanium alloy of the invention has less beta stabilizing element, and compared with the near beta titanium alloy or metastable beta type titanium alloy which is added with high content of beta stabilizing element, the manufacturing cost is obviously reduced.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate embodiments of the present invention. The preparation method of the titanium alloy in each example is summarized as follows.
The raw materials related to the preparation method comprise an aluminum tin intermediate alloy, an aluminum molybdenum intermediate alloy, an aluminum vanadium intermediate alloy, an aluminum niobium intermediate alloy, aluminum beans, electrolytic pure chromium, sponge zirconium and 0-grade sponge titanium. The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the raw materials according to the design components, pressing to obtain an electrode, smelting the electrode by a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace to prepare an alloy primary smelting ingot, and then carrying out secondary smelting and tertiary smelting on the primary ingot to finish the smelting of the alloy.
(2) After the surface of the cast ingot is scalped, a dead head is cut after X-ray flaw detection is finished, cogging forging and multi-fire high-temperature forging are carried out on a hydraulic forging machine or a quick forging machine, then rolling is carried out on a hot rolling machine, and then the high-hardness titanium alloy plate is obtained after solid solution treatment and multi-stage aging treatment. Wherein the cogging and forging temperature is 1100-; the multi-fire forging temperature is 900-; the rolling temperature is 850-950 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than 110 minutes, and the total deformation amount of rolling is 50-70 percent; solution treatment at 780 ℃ to (T)βAt-30 ℃ with (T)βThe alloy α + β → β transition temperature), the heat preservation time is 0.5-2h, the cooling mode is air cooling or water cooling, the aging temperature of the multistage aging treatment is 350-.
In the following examples, the aging heat treatment was carried out by raising the temperature of the sample in the aging furnace, i.e., the sample was placed in the aging furnace before the temperature of the aging furnace was raised, and the temperature of the sample and the aging furnace were raised together. If no special mark exists, the temperature rise rate of the aging furnace is 0.25 ℃/s. The test standard for the room-temperature mechanical properties (including tensile strength, yield strength, elongation after fracture and reduction of area) of the sample is GB/T228.1-2010, and the test standard for the Rockwell hardness of the sample is GB/T230.1-2009.
In addition, the titanium alloy material prepared by the following examples is detected that the content of Fe is less than 0.3 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy, the content of single elements of C and O is less than 0.1 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy, the content of element H is less than 0.001 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy, the content of element N is less than 0.05 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy, and the sum of the contents of other impurity elements is less than 0.1 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy.
Example 1: preparation and detection of titanium alloy Material
The titanium alloy prepared in this example had a composition of Ti-6Al-2.5Sn-3Zr-2Mo-0.5V-0.5Cr-1Nb (6Al means 6% by weight Al, and the same applies to the following description), an aluminum equivalent of 8.13 and a molybdenum equivalent of 3.49. The titanium alloy preparation raw materials are Al-Sn50, Al-Mo80, Al-V60, Al-Nb62, electrolytic chromium, aluminum beans, sponge zirconium and 0-grade sponge titanium.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the raw materials according to the design components, pressing to obtain an electrode, and smelting in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace for three times to obtain an ingot;
(2) the alloy adopts a three-fire forging process, and cogging forging: the deformation is 50% at 1150 ℃; and (2) forging with second fire: 960 ℃, and 50% of deformation; forging with three fire: at 940 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent;
(3) the rolling process comprises the following steps: rolling at 950 deg.c and total deformation of 70% to obtain 10mm thick plate.
The alloy plate is subjected to orthogonal heat treatment experiment, and the more preferable heat treatment process is 960 ℃/1h, AC +350 ℃/1h, +560 ℃/8h and AC.
The titanium alloy prepared by the method is detected to have the Rockwell hardness HRC value of 50.5 and the room-temperature tensile strength Rm1483MPa, yield strength Rp0.21429MPa, elongation after fracture A of 12%, and reduction of area Z of 43%. α + β → β the transformation point temperature is 990 ℃. + -. 5 ℃.
Example 2: preparation and detection of titanium alloy material
The titanium alloy prepared in this example had the composition ratio of Ti-6.5Al-2Sn-2.5Zr-2.5Mo-1.5V-2Cr-2Nb, the aluminum equivalent of the titanium alloy was 8.38, and the molybdenum equivalent was 7.52. The titanium alloy preparation raw materials are Al-Sn50, Al-Mo80, Al-V60, Al-Nb62, electrolytic chromium, aluminum beans, sponge zirconium and 0-grade sponge titanium.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the raw materials according to the design components, pressing to obtain an electrode, and smelting in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace for three times to obtain an ingot;
(2) the alloy adopts a three-fire forging process, and cogging forging: 1100 ℃, and 50% of deformation; and (2) forging with second fire: at 920 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent; forging with three fire: deformation amount is 50% at 900 ℃;
(3) the rolling process comprises the following steps: the rolling temperature is 910 ℃, the total deformation is 70%, and a plate with the thickness of 10mm is obtained by rolling.
The room-temperature mechanical properties of the titanium alloy sheet prepared by the method under different heat treatment processes are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 mechanical properties of titanium alloy sheet at room temperature under different heat treatment processes
Note: the 2# -61 sample, the 2# -71 sample and the 2# -81 sample are subjected to temperature rise along with the furnace during aging, and the temperature rise rate of the aging furnace is 0.25 ℃/s; the 2# -62 sample, the 2# -72 sample and the 2# -82 sample are subjected to temperature rise along with the furnace, and the temperature rise rate of the aging furnace is 20 ℃/s; and other samples are put into the hearth for aging after the aging furnace reaches the preset aging temperature.
When the heat treatment process of the Ti-6.5Al-2Sn-2.5Zr-2.5Mo-2.5V-2Cr-2Nb alloy is 900 ℃/1h/AC +350 ℃/1h +560 ℃/8h, wherein the temperature of an aging sample is increased along with the furnace, and the temperature increase rate of the aging furnace is 0.25 ℃/s ℃, the Rockwell hardness HRC value is 52 and the room-temperature tensile strength R is detectedm1630MPa, yield strength Rp0.21580MPa, elongation A after fracture of 10%, α + β → β transformation point temperature of 955 +/-5 ℃.
Example 3: preparation and detection of titanium alloy material
The titanium alloy prepared in this example has the composition ratio of Ti-7Al-2Sn-2Zr-3Mo-2V-2Cr-3Nb, the aluminum equivalent of the titanium alloy is 8.8, and the molybdenum equivalent is 8.67. The titanium alloy preparation raw materials are Al-Sn50, Al-Mo80, Al-V60, Al-Nb62, electrolytic chromium, aluminum beans, sponge zirconium and 0-grade sponge titanium.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the raw materials according to the design components, pressing to obtain an electrode, and smelting in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace for three times to obtain an ingot;
(2) the alloy adopts a three-fire forging process, and cogging forging: the deformation is 50% at 1150 ℃; and (2) forging with second fire: at 940 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent; forging with three fire: at 920 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent;
(3) the rolling process comprises the following steps: the rolling temperature is 930 ℃, the total deformation is 70%, and a plate with the thickness of 10mm is obtained by rolling.
The alloy plate is subjected to orthogonal heat treatment experiment, and the preferable heat treatment process is 930 ℃/1h, AC +350 ℃/1h, +520 ℃/8h and AC.
The titanium alloy prepared by the method is detected to have the Rockwell hardness HRC value of 52 and the room-temperature tensile strength R (under the heat treatment process)m1650MPa, yield strength Rp0.21537MPa, elongation A after fracture of 9%, α + β → β transformation point temperature of 970 ℃. + -. 5 ℃.
Example 4: preparation and detection of titanium alloy Material
The titanium alloy prepared in this example has the composition ratio of Ti-7Al-1.5Sn-2.5Zr-3.5Mo-2V-2Cr-1Nb, the aluminum equivalent of the titanium alloy is 8.72, and the molybdenum equivalent is 8.57. The titanium alloy preparation raw materials are Al-Sn50, Al-Mo80, Al-V60, Al-Nb62, electrolytic chromium, aluminum beans, sponge zirconium and 0-grade sponge titanium.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the raw materials according to the design components, pressing to obtain an electrode, and smelting in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace for three times to obtain an ingot;
(2) the alloy adopts a three-fire forging process, and cogging forging: the deformation is 50% at 1150 ℃; and (2) forging with second fire: at 940 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent; forging with three fire: at 920 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent;
(3) the rolling process comprises the following steps: the rolling temperature is 930 ℃, the total deformation is 70%, and a plate with the thickness of 10mm is obtained by rolling.
The orthogonal heat treatment experiment is carried out on the alloy plate, and the more preferable heat treatment process is 910 ℃/1h, AC +350 ℃/1h, +460 ℃/1h +540 ℃/6h and AC.
The titanium alloy prepared by the method is detected to have the Rockwell hardness HRC value of 53 and the room-temperature tensile strength R (under the heat treatment process)m1717MPa, yield strength Rp0.21558MPa, elongation A after fracture of 7.0%, α + β → β transformation pointThe temperature was 975 ℃. + -. 5 ℃.
Example 5: preparation and detection of titanium alloy material
The titanium alloy prepared in this example has the composition ratio of Ti-7.5Al-1Sn-2Zr-3.5Mo-2.5V-2.5Cr-1.5Nb, the aluminum equivalent of the titanium alloy is 8.97, and the molybdenum equivalent is 9.91. The titanium alloy preparation raw materials are Al-Sn50, Al-Mo80, Al-V60, Al-Nb62, electrolytic chromium, aluminum beans, sponge zirconium and 0-grade sponge titanium.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the raw materials according to the design components, pressing to obtain an electrode, and smelting in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace for three times to obtain an ingot;
(2) the alloy adopts a three-fire forging process, and cogging forging: the deformation is 50% at 1150 ℃; and (2) forging with second fire: at 940 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent; forging with three fire: at 920 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent;
(3) the rolling process comprises the following steps: the rolling temperature is 930 ℃, the total deformation is 70%, and a plate with the thickness of 10mm is obtained by rolling.
The orthogonal heat treatment experiment is carried out on the alloy plate, and the more preferable heat treatment process is 890 ℃/1h, AC +350 ℃/1h, +500 ℃/8h and AC.
The titanium alloy prepared by the method is detected to have the Rockwell hardness HRC value of 54 and the room-temperature tensile strength R (under the heat treatment process)m1793MPa, yield strength Rp0.21628MPa, elongation percentage A after fracture of 6.0%, α + β → β transformation point temperature of 970 ℃. + -. 5 ℃.
Example 6: preparation and detection of titanium alloy Material
The titanium alloy prepared in this example has the composition ratio of Ti-8Al-0.5Sn-1Zr-4Mo-2.5V-3Cr-2Nb, the aluminum equivalent of the titanium alloy is 9.13, and the molybdenum equivalent is 11.39. The titanium alloy preparation raw materials are Al-Sn50, Al-Mo80, Al-V60, Al-Nb62, electrolytic chromium, aluminum beans, sponge zirconium and 0-grade sponge titanium.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the raw materials according to the design components, pressing to obtain an electrode, and smelting in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace for three times to obtain an ingot;
(2) the alloy adopts a three-fire forging process, and cogging forging: the deformation is 50% at 1150 ℃; and (2) forging with second fire: at 940 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent; forging with three fire: at 920 ℃, the deformation is 50 percent;
(3) the rolling process comprises the following steps: the rolling temperature is 930 ℃, the total deformation is 70%, and a plate with the thickness of 10mm is obtained by rolling.
The orthogonal heat treatment experiment is carried out on the alloy plate, and the more preferable heat treatment process is 890 ℃/1h, AC +350 ℃/1h, +500 ℃/8h and AC.
The titanium alloy prepared by the method is detected to have the Rockwell hardness HRC value of 55 and the room-temperature tensile strength R (under the heat treatment process)m1871MPa, yield strength Rp0.21682MPa, elongation A after fracture of 5.5%, α + β → β transformation point temperature of 970 ℃. + -. 5 ℃.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, which may be embodied in other specific forms or in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The described embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes that are equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should be construed to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A high-hardness titanium alloy characterized by: the high-hardness titanium alloy comprises, by weight, 8.0% of Al, 0.5% of Sn, 1.0-3.0% of Zr, 3.5-4.0% of Mo, 0.5-2.5% of V, 2.5-3.0% of Cr, 1.0-3.0% of Nb and a trace amount of unavoidable impurities, except Ti,
the preparation method of the high-hardness titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing raw materials of an aluminum-tin intermediate alloy, an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy, an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy, an aluminum-niobium intermediate alloy, aluminum beans, electrolytic pure chromium, sponge zirconium and sponge titanium, pressing to obtain an electrode, and smelting the electrode to prepare an alloy primary smelting ingot, an alloy secondary smelting ingot and an alloy tertiary smelting ingot in sequence;
(2) after the surface of the cast ingot is scalped, a dead head is cut after X-ray flaw detection is finished, cogging forging and multi-fire high-temperature forging are carried out, high-hardness titanium alloy is obtained through solution treatment and multi-stage aging treatment after rolling,
wherein in the step (2):
the rolling temperature is 850-950 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 120-180 minutes; the total deformation of the rolling is 50-70%,
the temperature of the solution treatment is 780 ℃ to (T)β-30 ℃) and the heat preservation time is 0.5-2 h; the cooling mode of the solution treatment is air cooling or water cooling,
the aging temperature of the multistage aging treatment is 350-600 ℃, and the aging heat preservation time is 2-24 h.
2. The high-hardness titanium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the content of Fe in the inevitable impurities is less than 0.3 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy, the content of single elements of C and O is less than 0.1 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy, the content of H element is less than 0.001 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy, the content of N element is less than 0.05 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy, and the total content of other impurity elements is less than 0.1 percent of the total weight of the titanium alloy.
3. The high-hardness titanium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the cogging and forging temperature is 1100-; the multi-fire high-temperature forging temperature is 900-960 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 120-180 minutes.
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