CN108530854B - Preparation method of straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
- C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2453/00—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2453/02—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2497/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2497/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material, which utilizes PLA and straw powder as main components of the composite material to ensure that the composite material has the advantage of complete degradation, and simultaneously, most of added additives are environment-friendly, so that the composite material has the characteristic of environmental friendliness. In the material preparation process, various additives are added to enhance the binding force between the PLA and the straw powder, and the composite material prepared by the invention can improve the brittleness and strength of the PLA material and has good toughness and mechanical strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material, belonging to the technical field of environment-friendly materials.
Background
Polylactic acid (PLA) has been attracting attention as a completely biodegradable plastic in plastic products, and has been widely used in various fields, contributing to environmental protection and sustainable development. However, PLA is expensive and exhibits a great brittleness, which also limits the applications of PLA in various fields.
Based on the contradiction between the shortcomings of the current PLA and the environment-friendly material, the research hotspot is to compound the PLA and the degradable substance into the environment-friendly material. The application of plant fiber materials in plastic modification is gradually paid attention from all countries in the world, straws are used as crop residues, a large amount of dust is generated after incineration treatment, the environment is polluted, and the processed straw powder is proved to play a positive role in plastic modification.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the performance defects of PLA materials, straw powder is used as a plant fiber material, and the environment-friendly wood-plastic composite material is prepared by a composite process, and the specific scheme is as follows:
a straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material preparation method, the straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material prepared can be degraded completely, the said preparation method includes the following steps;
a. taking the crushed straw powder, wherein the granularity of the straw powder is 80-120 meshes, and drying the straw powder in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 75-85 ℃ for 3.5-4.5 h;
b. taking 3-7% of silane coupling agent, fully soaking the dried straw powder, standing for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, and drying again at the temperature of 100 ℃;
c. uniformly mixing 50 parts of PLA, 20-30 parts of elastomer toughening agent and 0-9 parts of compatilizer in a high-speed mixing roll at the mixing temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material A;
d. taking 13-33 parts of straw powder, 3 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of foaming agent and 7 parts of lubricant, uniformly mixing with the raw material A in a mixing roll, mixing at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material B;
e. extruding the raw material B into mixed material particles through a double-screw extruder at the extrusion temperature of 140-150 ℃, and crushing the mixed material particles in a crusher;
f. and (3) carrying out compression molding on the crushed mixed particles in a flat vulcanizing machine, heating for 9-11 min at 170-190 ℃, then applying the compression molding pressure of 6-8 MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 15-35 min to obtain the straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material.
Further, the silane coupling agent is KH-560, the elastomer toughening agent is SBS or PBS plastic, the compatilizer is PLA-g-MAH, the plasticizer is a synthetic vegetable ester environment-friendly plasticizer, the foaming agent is an AC foaming agent, and the lubricant is a mixture of zinc stearate and superfine talcum powder, wherein the mixing ratio is 1: 1-4: 3.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the PLA and the straw powder are used as main components of the composite material, so that the composite material has the advantage of complete degradation, and the added auxiliaries are environment-friendly, so that the composite material has the characteristic of environmental friendliness.
2. In the invention, besides considering the environmental protection property of the composite material, a plurality of additives are added in the material preparation process, so that the binding force between PLA and the straw powder is enhanced, the molecular structure of the composite material is reconstructed, the brittleness and the strength of the PLA material are improved, and the composite material has good toughness and mechanical strength, so that the application range of the composite material is widened.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material, and the preparation process of the wood-plastic composite material is explained in detail in the following with the combination of the embodiment.
Example 1
A preparation method of straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material comprises the following steps:
a. taking the crushed straw powder with the granularity of 80 meshes, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours;
b. taking a silane coupling agent KH-560 with the concentration of 5%, fully soaking the dried straw powder, standing for 2 h at the temperature of 80 ℃, and drying again at the temperature of 100 ℃;
c. taking 50 parts of PLA, 25 parts of SBS plastic and 5 parts of PLA-g-MAH, uniformly mixing in a high-speed mixing roll at the mixing temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material A;
d. taking 20 parts of straw powder, 3 parts of synthetic vegetable ester environment-friendly plasticizer, 1 part of AC foaming agent, 4 parts of zinc stearate and 3 parts of superfine talcum powder, uniformly mixing the raw materials A in a mixing roll, mixing the raw materials A at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material B;
e. extruding the raw material B out of the mixture particles through a double-screw extruder at the extrusion temperature of 150 ℃, and crushing the mixture particles in a crusher;
f. and carrying out compression molding on the crushed mixed particles in a flat vulcanizing machine, heating for 9min at 180 ℃, then applying the compression molding pressure of 7MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 20min to obtain the straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material.
Example 2
A preparation method of straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material comprises the following steps:
a. taking the crushed straw powder with the granularity of 80 meshes, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours;
b. taking a silane coupling agent KH-560 with the concentration of 5%, fully soaking the dried straw powder, standing for 2 h at the temperature of 80 ℃, and drying again at the temperature of 100 ℃;
c. uniformly mixing 50 parts of PLA, 25 parts of PBS plastic and 5 parts of PLA-g-MAH in a high-speed mixing roll at the mixing temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material A;
d. taking 20 parts of straw powder, 3 parts of synthetic vegetable ester environment-friendly plasticizer, 1 part of AC foaming agent, 4 parts of zinc stearate and 3 parts of superfine talcum powder, uniformly mixing the raw materials A in a mixing roll, mixing the raw materials A at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material B;
e. extruding the raw material B out of the mixture particles through a double-screw extruder at the extrusion temperature of 150 ℃, and crushing the mixture particles in a crusher;
f. and carrying out compression molding on the crushed mixed particles in a flat vulcanizing machine, heating for 9min at 180 ℃, then applying the compression molding pressure of 7MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 20min to obtain the straw powder PLA wood-plastic composite material.
Example 3
A preparation method of straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material comprises the following steps:
a. taking the crushed straw powder with the granularity of 80 meshes, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours;
b. taking a silane coupling agent KH-560 with the concentration of 5%, fully soaking the dried straw powder, standing for 2 h at the temperature of 80 ℃, and drying again at the temperature of 100 ℃;
c. uniformly mixing 50 parts of PLA, 25 parts of PBS plastic and 7 parts of PLA-g-MAH in a high-speed mixing roll at the mixing temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material A;
d. taking 30 parts of straw powder, 3 parts of synthetic vegetable ester environment-friendly plasticizer, 1 part of AC foaming agent, 4 parts of zinc stearate and 3 parts of superfine talcum powder, uniformly mixing the raw materials A in a mixing roll, mixing the raw materials A at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material B;
e. extruding the raw material B out of the mixture particles through a double-screw extruder at the extrusion temperature of 150 ℃, and crushing the mixture particles in a crusher;
f. and carrying out compression molding on the crushed mixed particles in a flat vulcanizing machine, heating for 10min at 180 ℃, then applying the compression molding pressure of 6MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 30min to obtain the straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material.
Example 4
A preparation method of straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material comprises the following steps:
a. taking the crushed straw powder with the granularity of 80 meshes, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours;
b. taking a silane coupling agent KH-560 with the concentration of 5%, fully soaking the dried straw powder, standing for 2 h at the temperature of 80 ℃, and drying again at the temperature of 100 ℃;
c. taking 50 parts of PLA, 20 parts of PBS plastic and 5 parts of PLA-g-MAH, uniformly mixing in a high-speed mixing roll at the mixing temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material A;
d. taking 15 parts of straw powder, 3 parts of synthetic vegetable ester environment-friendly plasticizer, 0.5 part of AC foaming agent, 4 parts of zinc stearate and 3 parts of superfine talcum powder, uniformly mixing the raw material A and the raw material A in a mixing roll, mixing the raw material A at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying the mixture to obtain a raw material B;
e. extruding the raw material B out of the mixture particles through a double-screw extruder at the extrusion temperature of 150 ℃, and crushing the mixture particles in a crusher;
f. and carrying out compression molding on the crushed mixed particles in a flat vulcanizing machine, heating for 9min at 180 ℃, then applying the compression molding pressure of 7MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 20min to obtain the straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material.
Example 5
A preparation method of straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material comprises the following steps:
a. taking the crushed straw powder with the granularity of 80 meshes, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours;
b. taking a silane coupling agent KH-560 with the concentration of 5%, fully soaking the dried straw powder, standing for 2 h at the temperature of 80 ℃, and drying again at the temperature of 100 ℃;
c. taking 50 parts of PLA, 20 parts of PBS plastic and 3 parts of PLA-g-MAH, uniformly mixing in a high-speed mixing roll at the mixing temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material A;
d. taking 20 parts of straw powder, 3 parts of synthetic vegetable ester environment-friendly plasticizer, 1.5 parts of AC foaming agent, 3 parts of zinc stearate and 3 parts of superfine talcum powder, uniformly mixing the raw materials A in a mixing roll, mixing the raw materials A at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material B;
e. extruding the raw material B out of the mixture particles through a double-screw extruder at the extrusion temperature of 150 ℃, and crushing the mixture particles in a crusher;
f. and carrying out compression molding on the crushed mixed particles in a flat vulcanizing machine, heating for 9min at 180 ℃, then applying the compression molding pressure of 7MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 20min to obtain the straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material.
For the straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material in examples 1-5, the tensile strength, bending strength, impact strength and melt flow rate of the sample were tested according to the standards GB/T1040.2-2006, GB1042-79, GB/T1843-2008 and GB3682-1983, respectively, and the test results are shown in the following table:
the technical solutions of the present invention or similar technical solutions designed by those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the technical solutions of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention to achieve the above technical effects.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation method of straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material is characterized in that the prepared straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material can be completely degraded, and the preparation method comprises the following steps;
a. taking the crushed straw powder with the granularity of 80 meshes, and drying in a drying oven at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours;
b. taking a silane coupling agent KH-560 with the concentration of 5%, fully soaking the dried straw powder, standing for 2 h at the temperature of 80 ℃, and drying again at the temperature of 100 ℃;
c. taking 50 parts of PLA, 20 parts of PBS plastic and 3 parts of PLA-g-MAH, uniformly mixing in a high-speed mixing roll at the mixing temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material A;
d. taking 20 parts of straw powder, 3 parts of synthetic vegetable ester environment-friendly plasticizer, 1.5 parts of AC foaming agent, 3 parts of zinc stearate and 3 parts of superfine talcum powder, uniformly mixing the raw materials A in a mixing roll, mixing the raw materials A at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 15 min, and drying to obtain a raw material B;
e. extruding the raw material B out of the mixture particles through a double-screw extruder at the extrusion temperature of 150 ℃, and crushing the mixture particles in a crusher;
f. and carrying out compression molding on the crushed mixed particles in a flat vulcanizing machine, heating for 9min at 180 ℃, then applying the compression molding pressure of 7MPa, and maintaining the pressure for 20min to obtain the straw powder-PLA wood-plastic composite material.
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| CN108530854B true CN108530854B (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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| CN109852017A (en) * | 2018-12-22 | 2019-06-07 | 四川天辰包装有限公司 | Degradable packing material of stalk filling and preparation method thereof and corrugation slab products |
| CN113512275A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-19 | 上海茗露新材料科技有限公司 | High-melt-strength compostable degradable material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112029246B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-12-20 | 安徽丰原生物新材料有限公司 | Plant fiber-containing polylactic acid modified material and preparation method thereof |
| RU2750712C1 (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-07-01 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") | Method of obtaining a biodegradable polymer composition |
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