CN108529846B - Energy-saving hydraulic device of electric energy dehydrator and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving hydraulic device of electric energy dehydrator and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108529846B CN108529846B CN201810307407.7A CN201810307407A CN108529846B CN 108529846 B CN108529846 B CN 108529846B CN 201810307407 A CN201810307407 A CN 201810307407A CN 108529846 B CN108529846 B CN 108529846B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/123—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using belt or band filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
- F15B21/041—Removal or measurement of solid or liquid contamination, e.g. filtering
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving hydraulic device of an electric energy dehydrator and a control method. The electric energy dehydration module is arranged on the frame, the hydraulic driving mechanism comprises a main oil tank, an auxiliary oil tank, a small oil pump and a large oil pump which are connected with the main oil tank, a plurality of compression oil cylinders and auxiliary oil cylinders, an upper pressing plate is fixed on the compression oil cylinders, the auxiliary oil cylinders are fixed with the compression oil cylinders, the auxiliary oil tank is arranged above the compression oil cylinders, the auxiliary oil tank is connected with a rodless cavity of the compression oil cylinders through a hydraulic control liquid filling valve, the large oil pump is connected with the compression oil cylinders through a return oil path for controlling return strokes of the compression oil cylinders, the small oil pump is connected with the auxiliary oil cylinders through a first branch for controlling the movement of the auxiliary oil cylinders, and the small oil pump is connected with the rodless cavity of the compression oil cylinders through a second branch. The invention is driven by the auxiliary cylinder to press down, realizes quick pressing, realizes quick return by the return stroke of the compression cylinder, adopts three-section type compression for treatment and improves the dehydration effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an energy-saving hydraulic device of an electric energy dehydrator and a control method.
Background
The electric energy dehydration is a method for enhancing the dehydration performance of the sludge by using an external direct current electric field, can remove capillary water on the premise of conditioning the sludge without adding a medicament, brings a series of benefits to the subsequent treatment and resource utilization of the sludge, and has better dehydration performance than a mechanical method. But the device which adopts electric energy to dewater sludge only has the defects of high energy consumption and low treatment capacity. The application and popularization of the technology are severely restricted, and a large number of engineering experiments prove that the mechanical pressure is adopted to assist the electric energy to dewater the sludge, so that the dewatering time of the electric energy can be greatly reduced, the electric energy current is reduced on the premise of achieving the same dewatering effect, the energy consumption is reduced, and the treatment capacity is improved.
The mechanical pressure power source has a plurality of types, but the auxiliary electric energy dehydration is mainly provided by a hydraulic station, and the main reasons are that: to increase the throughput, the dewatering area needs to be increased, and taking a single module 4 square meter dewatering machine as an example, under the condition that the pressure of the mud surface is 5 kg/square centimeter, the power source needs 200 tons, and hydraulic pressurization is the best option. In addition, the hydraulic pressurizing noise and the oil outside cylinder are small in size.
Because the dehydration part of the electric pressure dehydrator consists of a plurality of modules, each module is provided with a pressurizing oil cylinder, the hydraulic station needs to provide power for the plurality of oil cylinders, the multi-module pressurizing has synchronization and time requirements on the downward pressing and lifting of the oil cylinders in the application of engineering equipment, the synchronization error is generally less than 3 percent of stroke, the downward pressing and lifting time is less than 15 seconds, and under the condition of multiple cylinders, the power of a motor of an oil pump of the hydraulic station is very high, so that the energy consumption of the sludge treatment per ton is increased.
In the process of dehydrating the sludge by the pressure electric energy, because the sludge per se has the characteristics that the pressurization can cause the collapse when the concentration is lower, the auxiliary mechanical pressure needs to be improved correspondingly along with the dryness of the sludge in the dehydration process according to the sludge dryness, the sludge is mainly dehydrated by the electric energy in the low-concentration state, and the corresponding middle-high mechanical pressure is applied in the middle-high concentration state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problems in the prior art and provides an energy-saving hydraulic device of an electric energy dehydrator and a control method.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme: an energy-saving hydraulic device of an electric energy dehydrator comprises a frame, wherein an electric energy dehydration module is arranged on the frame, the electric energy dehydration module comprises an upper part and a lower part, the upper part comprises a plurality of upper pressing plates arranged side by side and a hydraulic driving mechanism for driving the pressing plates to move, the lower part comprises a cathode end with a plate chain belt structure, an elastic lifting sealing frame is arranged on the cathode end, an upper filter belt and a lower filter belt which rotate circularly are respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part, the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt penetrate between the pressing plates and the cathode end, the hydraulic driving mechanism comprises a main oil tank, an auxiliary oil tank, a small oil pump and a large oil pump which are connected with the main oil tank, a plurality of compression oil cylinders and auxiliary oil cylinders, the upper pressing plates are fixed on the compression oil cylinders, the auxiliary oil cylinders are fixed with the compression oil cylinders, the auxiliary oil tank is arranged above the compression oil cylinders, and, the large oil pump is connected with a rod cavity of the compression oil cylinder through a return oil path for controlling the return stroke of the compression oil cylinder, the small oil pump is connected with the auxiliary oil cylinder through a first branch for controlling the movement of the auxiliary oil cylinder, and the small oil pump is connected with a rodless cavity of the compression oil cylinder through a second branch for controlling the downward pressing of the compression oil cylinder. The invention adopts a structure that double oil cylinders and double oil pumps jointly drive the pressing plates to move, wherein a large oil cylinder is a pressing oil cylinder fixed on each upper pressing plate, a small oil cylinder is an auxiliary oil cylinder fixed on a connecting plate, the large oil pump adopts a large-flow low-pressure pump and is driven by a large motor, and the small oil pump adopts a high-pressure small-flow pump and is driven by a small motor. The auxiliary oil cylinder is controlled by the small oil pump to drive the pressing oil cylinder and the upper pressing plate to press downwards, so that the small-flow, small-pressure and small-power quick pressing is realized, and meanwhile, the effective energy-saving effect is also realized. In addition, the large oil pump with high flow and low pressure is adopted to control the compression oil cylinder to return, so that the rapid return of the compression oil cylinder is realized, the large oil pump is started only during the return, and is stopped for waiting in the rest time, and the capacity consumption is greatly reduced. The large oil pump and the small oil pump adopt synchronous motor oil inlet and oil return, synchronous and rapid pressing of the auxiliary oil cylinder is realized, and synchronous return stroke of the compression oil cylinder is also realized. The invention adopts the cathode end with the plate chain belt structure to replace the original fixed cathode end, and the cathode end can rotate and can be conveniently cleaned.
As a preferred scheme, each pair of pressing oil cylinders are fixed through a connecting plate, the connecting plates are fixed on auxiliary oil cylinders, the number of the auxiliary oil tanks is multiple, and each auxiliary oil tank is respectively connected with a pair of rodless cavities of the pressing oil cylinders. This scheme adopts an auxiliary cylinder to promote two and compress tightly the hydro-cylinder decline, and the structure is more reasonable. And an auxiliary oil tank is designed to supply oil to the two pressing oil cylinders, so that the installation is more convenient.
As a preferred scheme, the first branch includes a first directional control valve, a first oil port of the first directional control valve is connected with the output end of the small oil pump, a second oil port of the first directional control valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the first directional control valve is respectively connected with the rod cavity of each auxiliary oil cylinder, and a fourth oil port of the first directional control valve is respectively connected with the rodless cavity of each auxiliary oil cylinder. In the scheme, the first reversing valve adopts a three-position four-way electromagnetic valve, and the auxiliary oil cylinder is pressed down and lifted by controlling the oil way to change the direction. The oil supply of the auxiliary oil cylinder is controlled by a small oil pump, so that the small-flow, small-pressure and small-power quick pressing-down is realized.
As a preferred scheme, the second branch includes a second directional valve, a first oil port of the second directional valve is connected with the output end of the small oil pump, a second oil port of the second directional valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the second directional valve is connected with the control oil end of each hydraulic control liquid-filled valve respectively, and a fourth oil port of the second directional valve is connected with the rodless cavity of each compression oil cylinder. The second reversing valve adopts a three-position four-way electromagnetic valve, the second reversing valve controls the hydraulic control liquid filling valve to work, and meanwhile, the second reversing valve is used for pressurizing the compression oil cylinder through the small oil pump.
As a preferred scheme, the return oil path comprises a third reversing valve, a fourth reversing valve and a hydraulic control one-way valve, a first oil port of the third reversing valve is connected with the output end of the large oil pump, a second oil port of the third reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the third reversing valve is cut off, a fourth oil port of the third reversing valve is connected with rod cavities of the compaction oil cylinders after passing through the hydraulic control one-way valve, a first oil port of the fourth reversing valve is connected with the output end of the small oil pump, a second oil port of the fourth reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the fourth reversing valve is cut off, and a fourth oil port of the fourth reversing valve is connected with the control oil end of the hydraulic control one. In the scheme, the third reversing valve adopts a two-position four-way electro-hydraulic valve, and the fourth reversing valve adopts a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve. And the return oil path is controlled to be communicated through a third reversing valve, and a large oil pump supplies oil to drive the compression oil cylinder to return, so that the quick return is realized. And the fourth reversing valve controls the hydraulic control one-way valve to work, and controls the hydraulic control one-way valve to be opened in the process of pressing down the compression oil cylinder, so that oil in the rod cavity of the compression oil cylinder returns to the main oil tank.
As a preferred scheme, the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt are respectively provided with a tensioning cylinder, the tensioning cylinders are fixed on the electric energy dehydration module, the frames on the two sides of the pressing plate are respectively provided with a cylinder reversing triggering mechanism, the cylinder reversing triggering mechanism comprises a tensioning reversing valve, the tensioning reversing valve is fixed on the frames, one end, facing the pressing plate, of the tensioning reversing valve is provided with a contact rod, the front end of the contact rod is provided with a roller, the roller is partially positioned on a pressing path of the pressing plate, and the tensioning reversing valve is connected between the tensioning cylinder and an air inlet source. This scheme can be controlled by the filter belt tensioning to realize the contact and the separation of filter belt and negative pole end, conveniently rotate in the negative pole end and wash. When the upper pressing plate is not pressed down, the tensioning cylinder stretches to support the filter belt tightly, the lower filter belt is separated from the cathode end, and the cathode end can be rotated to be convenient to clean; after the upper pressing plate is pressed downwards and moves downwards for a certain distance, the two sides of the upper pressing plate can press the rollers of the cylinder reversing trigger mechanism to extrude the rollers outwards to drive the reversing valve to displace so as to realize reversing of the gas path of the tensioning cylinder, the tensioning cylinder contracts, the lower filter belt relaxes, and the lower filter belt in the sealing frame is attached to the cathode end under the action of sludge and dead weight.
An energy-saving hydraulic control method for an electric energy dehydrator comprises the following steps:
s1, a material distribution mechanism distributes sludge on a filter belt, and the filter belt conveys the sludge to a region between an upper pressure plate and a cathode end;
s2, controlling an auxiliary oil cylinder to work, synchronously pushing an upper pressure plate to move downwards to drive a compression oil cylinder to move downwards, simultaneously controlling an auxiliary oil tank to press the compression oil cylinder to inject oil, combining the upper pressure plate with a sealing frame, controlling a tensioning cylinder to contract, and contacting a lower filter belt with a cathode end;
s3, respectively controlling an auxiliary oil cylinder and a compaction oil cylinder to carry out three-stage type squeezing on the sludge, controlling a direct-current power supply to supply power during the squeezing process, carrying out electroosmosis on materials, and sucking filtrate and percolating the sludge by a vacuum suction system;
and S4, controlling the pressing oil cylinder to drive the upper pressure plate to lift and reset, controlling the auxiliary oil cylinder to return to the top end, conveying the dehydrated and dried materials by the filter belt to continuously move forwards to leave a squeezing range, and outputting the materials by the discharging mechanism.
As a preferable scheme, the specific process of controlling the operation of the auxiliary oil cylinder in the step S2 includes: and the small oil pump starts to work, controls the first reversing valve to reverse, injects oil to the rodless end of the auxiliary cylinder to enable the auxiliary cylinder to descend and drive the compression oil cylinders to descend synchronously, controls the second reversing valve to reverse, controls the hydraulic control liquid filling valve, and injects oil to the rodless cavities of the compression oil cylinders by the auxiliary oil tank. The invention adopts a method that double oil cylinders and double oil pumps jointly drive the pressing plate to move, the small oil pump controls the auxiliary oil cylinder to drive the pressing oil cylinder and the upper pressing plate to press downwards, so that the small-flow, small-pressure and small-power quick pressing is realized, and meanwhile, the effective energy-saving effect is also realized. In addition, the large oil pump with high flow and low pressure is adopted to control the compression oil cylinder to return, so that the rapid return of the compression oil cylinder is realized, the large oil pump is started only during the return, and is stopped for waiting in the rest time, and the capacity consumption is greatly reduced. The large oil pump and the small oil pump adopt synchronous motor oil inlet and oil return, synchronous and rapid pressing of the auxiliary oil cylinder is realized, and synchronous return stroke of the compression oil cylinder is also realized.
As a preferable scheme, the three-stage pressing process of the sludge in the step S3 includes:
s31, the auxiliary oil cylinder is balanced with the reverse thrust of the sealing frame in a set oil pressure state, the pressure of the auxiliary oil cylinder is maintained for 100-150 s in the state, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are reversed, the auxiliary oil cylinder stops acting, and the hydraulic control liquid filling valve is closed;
s32, supplying oil to the rodless cavities of the compression oil cylinders by the small oil pump through the first reversing valve, starting pressurization of the compression oil cylinders, increasing the pressure of the compression oil cylinders to 5-8MPa in 5-10s, and maintaining the pressure for 150-200 s;
s33, controlling the compression oil cylinder to boost pressure again, increasing the pressure to 10-15MPa in 5-10s, and maintaining the pressure for 300-400 s.
As a preferable scheme, the process of returning the compression cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder in step S4 includes:
s41, relieving pressure of the compression oil cylinder;
s42, controlling the first reversing valve, the second reversing valve and the third reversing valve to reverse, enabling a large oil pump to start working, enabling the large oil pump to inject oil to rod cavities of all pressing oil cylinders through the third reversing valve, enabling the pressing oil cylinders to ascend to drive an upper pressure plate to lift, enabling a small oil pump to control a hydraulic control liquid filling valve to open through the second reversing valve, enabling the pressing oil cylinders to ascend to enable the oil to flow back into an auxiliary oil tank, and enabling the small oil pump to inject oil to rod ends of auxiliary cylinders through the first reversing valve to enable the auxiliary cylinders to return to the top end;
s43, controlling the first reversing valve, the second reversing valve and the third reversing valve to reverse and stop, and stopping the large oil pump.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages that: the structure that the auxiliary oil cylinder and the pressing oil cylinder jointly drive the pressing plate to move is adopted, the auxiliary oil cylinder is connected with the pressing oil cylinder to drive the pressing oil cylinder to descend, the auxiliary oil cylinder adopts a small oil cylinder, small flow, small pressure and quick pressing are realized, and energy consumption is reduced. The pressing oil cylinder continues to press after pressing and is used for return stroke lifting, and the pressing oil cylinder adopts a large-flow and low-pressure oil cylinder, so that the quick synchronous return stroke of the pressing plate is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic configuration according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder reversing trigger mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a part of the chain plate belt of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a material distribution mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dispenser tube of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the distributor tube according to the present invention.
1-upper press plate 2-pressing oil cylinder 3-auxiliary oil cylinder 4-connecting plate 5-upper filter belt 6-lower filter belt 7-plate chain belt 8-sealing frame 9-coaxial chain wheel 10-reversing valve 11-tensioning cylinder 12-feeler lever 13-roller 14-cathode plate 15-kidney-shaped hole 16-storage hopper 17-feed pump 18-distributor 19-pipe body 20-baffle plate 21-distributing pipe 22-distributing hole 23-chain 24-small oil pump 25-large oil pump 26-main oil tank 27-auxiliary oil tank 28-first reversing valve 29-second reversing valve 30-third reversing valve 31-fourth reversing valve 32-hydraulic control one-way valve 33-fifth reversing valve 34-hydraulic control liquid filling valve.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
the embodiment provides an energy-conserving hydraulic means of electric energy hydroextractor, as shown in fig. 1, including frame and control portion, frame one end is equipped with cloth mechanism, and the other end is equipped with discharge mechanism, is provided with electric energy dehydration module between feed mechanism and discharge mechanism, and electric energy dehydration module includes upper portion and lower part, and upper portion includes a plurality of top plates 1 that set up side by side and the hydraulic drive mechanism of drive platen motion. The lower part comprises a cathode end with a plate link chain structure, an elastic lifting sealing frame 8 is arranged on the cathode end, an upper filter belt 5 and a lower filter belt 6 which rotate circularly are respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part, and the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt penetrate between the pressing plate and the cathode end.
In this embodiment, take 6 top boards as an example, and the corresponding 6 air cylinders that compress tightly that are provided with 3 each auxiliary cylinder, and an auxiliary cylinder drives two air cylinders that compress tightly. Each pair of pressing oil cylinders are fixed through a connecting plate 4, and the connecting plate is fixed on the auxiliary oil cylinder. The auxiliary oil tank includes 3, and every auxiliary oil tank is connected with a pair of compression cylinder rodless cavities respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic driving mechanism includes a main oil tank 26, an auxiliary oil tank 27, a small oil pump 24 and a large oil pump 25 connected to the main oil tank, and a plurality of pressing cylinders 2 and auxiliary cylinders 3, the upper press plate is fixed on the pressing cylinders, the auxiliary cylinders are fixed to the pressing cylinders, the auxiliary oil tank is disposed above the pressing cylinders, the auxiliary oil tank is connected to a rod-free cavity of the pressing cylinders through a hydraulic control liquid filling valve, the large oil pump is connected to a rod-free cavity of the pressing cylinders through a return oil path for controlling a return stroke of the pressing cylinders, the small oil pump is connected to the auxiliary cylinders through a first branch for controlling movement of the auxiliary cylinders, and the small oil pump is connected to the rod-free cavity of the pressing cylinders through a second branch for controlling.
The first branch comprises a first reversing valve 28, a first oil port of the first reversing valve is connected with the output end of the small oil pump, a second oil port of the first reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the first reversing valve is respectively connected with the rod cavity of each auxiliary oil cylinder, and a fourth oil port of the first reversing valve is respectively connected with the rodless cavity of each auxiliary oil cylinder. And a check valve and a second hydraulic control check valve are sequentially connected to an oil way connecting a third oil port of the first reversing valve with a rod cavity of the auxiliary cylinder, an oil control end of the second hydraulic control check valve is connected to a fourth oil port of the first reversing valve, and a check valve is arranged from the connection point to the fourth oil port. The output end of the small oil pump is also connected with a main oil tank through a connecting overflow valve, a cooler and an oil return filter. An overflow valve is also connected between the small oil pump and the first reversing valve.
The second branch comprises a second reversing valve 29, a first oil port of the second reversing valve is connected with the output end of the small oil pump, a second oil port of the second reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the second reversing valve is respectively connected with the control oil end of each hydraulic control liquid charging valve, and a fourth oil port of the second reversing valve is connected with the rodless cavity of each compression oil cylinder through a one-way valve. In addition, the hydraulic control system also comprises a fifth reversing valve, wherein a first oil port of the fifth reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, and a second oil port of the fifth reversing valve is connected with a rodless cavity of the compression oil cylinder.
The return oil way comprises a third reversing valve 30, a fourth reversing valve 31 and a hydraulic control one-way valve 32, a first oil port of the third reversing valve is connected with the output end of the large oil pump, a second oil port of the third reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the third reversing valve is cut off, a fourth oil port of the third reversing valve is connected with rod cavities of the compaction oil cylinders after passing through the hydraulic control one-way valve and the diverter valve, the first oil port of the fourth reversing valve is connected with the output end of the small oil pump, the second oil port of the fourth reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, the third oil port of the fourth reversing valve is cut off, and the fourth oil port of the fourth reversing valve is connected with the control oil end of the.
When the pressing device is pressed down, the auxiliary oil cylinder drives the pressing oil cylinder to move downwards, when the upper pressing plate is combined with the sealing frame, the auxiliary oil cylinder stops working, and the pressing oil cylinder continues to press down, so that the auxiliary oil cylinder is used for controlling in the pressing process, and the small-flow, small-pressure and small-power quick pressing is realized. And the pressing oil cylinder drives the upper pressing plate to reset during return stroke, so that quick return stroke is realized.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt are respectively provided with a tensioning cylinder 11, the tensioning cylinders are fixed on the electric energy dehydration module, one of the tensioning cylinders is connected with the upper filter belt and fixed on the upper part of the dehydration module and moves synchronously with the upper pressure plate, and the other tensioning cylinder is connected with the lower filter belt and fixed on the frame. As shown in figure 2, the cylinder reversing triggering mechanism comprises a reversing valve 10 which is fixed on the frame, a contact rod 12 is arranged at one end of the reversing valve facing the pressure plate, a roller 13 is arranged at the front end of the contact rod, the roller is partially positioned on a downward pressing path of the pressure plate, and the reversing valve is connected between the tensioning cylinder and an air inlet source. When the upper pressing plate presses downwards, the roller is pressed and the extrusion roller moves outwards, so that the reversing valve is driven to move and reverse, the tensioning cylinder contracts, when the upper pressing plate is lifted, the operation is reversed in the same way, and the tensioning cylinder is tensioned.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the cathode end comprises a plate chain belt 7, two ends of the lower part of the upper pressing plate are respectively provided with a coaxial chain wheel 9, and the plate chain belt is circularly wound on the two coaxial chain wheels. The plate chain belt comprises four chains 23, the coaxial chain wheels comprise four chain wheels, the chains are wound on the coaxial chain wheels, the negative plate 14 is fixed on the chains, and a plurality of kidney-shaped holes 15 are formed in the surface of the negative plate. The negative plate is provided with a kidney-shaped hole for a dehydration flow passage in the electroosmosis process. A first spray head 17 is arranged at one end of the plate chain belt, the first spray head is aligned with the plate chain belt, and the first spray head is connected with a water source through a high-pressure water pump. In order to clean the lower filter belt, a second spray head is arranged on the lower filter belt and is aligned with the surface of the lower filter belt. Under the normal use condition, the board chain belt is static, makes electroosmosis dehydration power negative pole, uses and leads to the scale deposit of board chain belt because of mud electroosmosis dehydration after a period, washs through switching the rotor plate chain belt, realizes synchronous rotation and washs in step, can cut into the static electrode use of mud electroosmosis again after board chain belt sanitization.
In order to clean the cathode end, as shown in fig. 1, a steel wire roller brush 16 is arranged at the coaxial chain wheel at one end of the plate chain belt, the steel wire roller brush has the same width with the plate chain belt, the steel wire roller brush comprises a roller, a steel wire brush is arranged on the surface of the roller, and the steel wire brush is in contact with the surface of the plate chain belt. The steel wire roller brush is provided with an independent transmission device, and the control part controls asynchronous intermittent work. The steel wire roller brush is arranged at the coaxial chain wheel, namely, at the turning position of the plate chain belt, when the plate chain belt needs to be cleaned, the plate chain belt rotates, and the steel wire roller brush is opened to clean the surface of the plate chain belt.
As shown in fig. 5, the distributing mechanism includes a storage hopper 16, a feeding pump 17 and a distributing device 18, and the storage hopper is connected to the distributing device through the feeding pump and a distributing pipe 21. As shown in fig. 6, the distributing device includes a section of pipe 19 with two closed ends, the distributing pipe is communicated with the middle of the pipe, a baffle plate 20 is arranged in the pipe to divide the inner cavity of the pipe into a front cavity and a rear cavity, a gap is arranged between the baffle plate and the upper part of the pipe to communicate the front cavity and the rear cavity, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a plurality of distributing holes 22 are arranged on the pipe at the lower part of the front cavity.
An energy-saving hydraulic control method for an electric energy dehydrator comprises the following steps:
s1, a material distribution mechanism distributes sludge on a filter belt, and the filter belt conveys the sludge to a region between an upper pressure plate and a cathode end;
s2, controlling an auxiliary oil cylinder to work, synchronously pushing an upper pressure plate to move downwards to drive a compression oil cylinder to move downwards, simultaneously controlling an auxiliary oil tank to press the compression oil cylinder to inject oil, combining the upper pressure plate with a sealing frame, controlling a tensioning cylinder to contract, and contacting a lower filter belt with a cathode end; the specific process for controlling the auxiliary oil cylinder to work comprises the following steps:
the small oil pump starts to work, the first reversing valve is controlled to reverse, YV2 is powered on, the small oil pump injects oil to the rodless end of the auxiliary cylinder, the auxiliary cylinder descends and drives the compression oil cylinders to descend synchronously, meanwhile, the second reversing valve is controlled to reverse, YV5 is powered on, the fourth reversing valve reverses, YV6 is powered on, the hydraulic control liquid filling valve is controlled to open, and the auxiliary oil tank injects oil to the rodless cavity of each compression oil cylinder.
S3, respectively controlling an auxiliary oil cylinder and a compaction oil cylinder to carry out three-stage type squeezing on the sludge, controlling a direct-current power supply to supply power during the squeezing process, carrying out electroosmosis on materials, and sucking filtrate and percolating the sludge by a vacuum suction system; the three-stage pressing process comprises the following steps:
s31, the auxiliary oil cylinder is balanced with the reverse thrust of the sealing frame in a set oil pressure state, the pressure of the auxiliary oil cylinder is maintained for 100-150 s in the state, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are reversed, YV2 and YV5 are powered off, the fourth reversing valve YV6 is powered on, the auxiliary oil cylinder stops acting, and the hydraulic control liquid charging valve is closed;
s32, supplying oil to the rodless cavities of the compression oil cylinders by the small oil pump through the first reversing valve, starting pressurization of the compression oil cylinders, increasing the pressure of the compression oil cylinders to 5-8MPa in 5-10s, and maintaining the pressure for 150-200 s;
s33, controlling the compression oil cylinder to boost pressure again, increasing the pressure to 10-15MPa in 5-10s, and maintaining the pressure for 300-400 s.
And S4, controlling the pressing oil cylinder to drive the upper pressure plate to lift and reset, controlling the auxiliary oil cylinder to return to the top end, conveying the dehydrated and dried materials by the filter belt to continuously move forwards to leave a squeezing range, and outputting the materials by the discharging mechanism. The process of the return stroke of the pressing oil cylinder and the auxiliary oil cylinder comprises the following steps:
s41, relieving pressure of the compression oil cylinder; and the fifth reversing valve reverses, the YV7 is electrified, the second reversing valve and the fourth reversing valve reverse, and the YV4 and the YV6 lose power.
S42, controlling the first reversing valve, the second reversing valve, the third reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve to reverse, electrifying YV1, YV3 and YV5, and controlling a large oil pump to start working when YV7 is electrified, wherein the large oil pump injects oil to rod cavities of all pressing cylinders through the third reversing valve, the pressing cylinders ascend to drive an upper pressing plate to ascend, a small oil pump controls a hydraulic control liquid filling valve to open through the second reversing valve, the pressing cylinders ascend to return oil to an auxiliary oil tank, and meanwhile, the small oil pump injects oil to rod ends of auxiliary cylinders through the first reversing valve to enable the auxiliary cylinders to return to the top ends;
s43, controlling the first reversing valve, the second reversing valve and the third reversing valve to reverse and stop, and controlling the large oil pump to stop working when power is lost for YV1, YV3 and YV 5.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Although the terms upper press plate, hold-down cylinder, support cylinder, connecting plate, upper belt, etc. are used more often herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an energy-conserving hydraulic control method of electric energy hydroextractor, adopt an energy-conserving hydraulic means of electric energy hydroextractor, the device includes the frame, be provided with electric energy dehydration module in the frame, electric energy dehydration module includes upper portion and lower part, upper portion includes a plurality of top plates that set up side by side and the hydraulic drive mechanism of drive clamp plate motion, the lower part includes the negative pole end of plate link structure, the sealed frame that is provided with the elasticity and goes up and down is served to the negative pole, upper portion and lower part are provided with circulating rotation's last filter belt and lower filter belt respectively, go up the filter belt, the lower filter belt passes between top plate and the negative pole end, its characterized in that: the hydraulic driving mechanism comprises a main oil tank, an auxiliary oil tank, a small oil pump and a large oil pump which are connected with the main oil tank, a plurality of pressing oil cylinders and auxiliary oil cylinders, wherein an upper pressing plate is fixed on the pressing oil cylinders; each pair of pressing oil cylinders are fixed through a connecting plate, the connecting plates are fixed on auxiliary oil cylinders, each auxiliary oil cylinder comprises a plurality of pressing oil cylinders, and each auxiliary oil cylinder is connected with a rodless cavity of each pair of pressing oil cylinders; the first branch comprises a first reversing valve, a first oil port of the first reversing valve is connected with the output end of the small oil pump, a second oil port of the first reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the first reversing valve is respectively connected with the rod cavity of each auxiliary oil cylinder, and a fourth oil port of the first reversing valve is respectively connected with the rodless cavity of each auxiliary oil cylinder; the second branch comprises a second reversing valve, a first oil port of the second reversing valve is connected with the output end of the small oil pump, a second oil port of the second reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the second reversing valve is respectively connected with the control oil end of each hydraulic control liquid charging valve, and a fourth oil port of the second reversing valve is connected with the rodless cavity of each compression oil cylinder; the return oil way comprises a third reversing valve, a fourth reversing valve and a hydraulic control one-way valve, wherein a first oil port of the third reversing valve is connected with the output end of the large oil pump, a second oil port of the third reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the third reversing valve is cut off, a fourth oil port of the third reversing valve is connected with rod cavities of the compaction oil cylinders after passing through the hydraulic control one-way valve, a first oil port of the fourth reversing valve is connected with the output end of the small oil pump, a second oil port of the fourth reversing valve is connected with the main oil tank, a third oil port of the fourth reversing valve is cut off, and a fourth oil port of the fourth reversing valve is connected with the control oil end of the hydraulic; the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt are respectively provided with a tensioning cylinder, the tensioning cylinders are fixed on the electric energy dehydration module, the frames on the two sides of the pressing plate are respectively provided with a cylinder reversing trigger mechanism, the cylinder reversing trigger mechanism comprises a tensioning reversing valve, the tensioning reversing valve is fixed on the frame, one end of the tensioning reversing valve, facing the pressing plate, is provided with a contact rod, the front end of the contact rod is provided with a roller, the roller is partially positioned on a pressing path of the pressing plate, and the tensioning reversing valve is connected between the tensioning cylinder and an air inlet source; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, a material distribution mechanism distributes sludge on a lower filter belt, and the lower filter belt conveys the sludge to an area between an upper pressure plate and a cathode end;
s2, controlling an auxiliary oil cylinder to work, synchronously pushing an upper pressure plate to move downwards to drive a compression oil cylinder to move downwards, simultaneously controlling an auxiliary oil tank to press the compression oil cylinder to inject oil, combining the upper pressure plate with a sealing frame, controlling a tensioning cylinder to contract, and contacting a lower filter belt with a cathode end;
s3, respectively controlling an auxiliary oil cylinder and a compaction oil cylinder to carry out three-stage type squeezing on the sludge, controlling a direct-current power supply to supply power during the squeezing process, carrying out electroosmosis on materials, and sucking filtrate and percolating the sludge by a vacuum suction system;
and S4, controlling the pressing oil cylinder to drive the upper pressure plate to lift and reset, controlling the auxiliary oil cylinder to return to the top end, conveying the dehydrated and dried materials by the filter belt to continuously move forwards to leave a squeezing range, and outputting the materials by the discharging mechanism.
2. The energy-saving hydraulic control method for the electric energy dehydrator according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of controlling the operation of the auxiliary oil cylinder in the step S2 comprises: the small oil pump starts to work, controls the first reversing valve to reverse, and the small oil pump injects oil to the rodless cavity of the auxiliary cylinder, so that the auxiliary cylinder moves downwards and drives the compression oil cylinders to move downwards synchronously, controls the second reversing valve to reverse, controls the hydraulic control liquid filling valve to open, and injects oil to the rodless cavity of each compression oil cylinder by the auxiliary oil tank.
3. The energy-saving hydraulic control method of the electric energy dehydrator according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing three-stage pressing on the sludge in step S3 comprises:
s31, the auxiliary oil cylinder is balanced with the reverse thrust of the sealing frame in a set oil pressure state, the pressure of the auxiliary oil cylinder is maintained for 100-150 s in the state, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are reversed, the auxiliary oil cylinder stops acting, and the hydraulic control liquid filling valve is closed;
s32, supplying oil to the rodless cavities of the compression oil cylinders by the small oil pump through the first reversing valve, starting pressurization of the compression oil cylinders, increasing the pressure of the compression oil cylinders to 5-8MPa in 5-10s, and maintaining the pressure for 150-200 s;
s33, controlling the compression oil cylinder to boost pressure again, increasing the pressure to 10-15MPa in 5-10s, and maintaining the pressure for 300-400 s.
4. The energy-saving hydraulic control method of the electric energy dehydrator according to claim 1, wherein the process of returning the pressing cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder in step S4 comprises:
s41, relieving pressure of the compression oil cylinder;
s42, controlling the first reversing valve, the second reversing valve and the third reversing valve to reverse, enabling a large oil pump to start working, enabling the large oil pump to inject oil to rod cavities of all pressing oil cylinders through the third reversing valve, enabling the pressing oil cylinders to ascend to drive an upper pressure plate to lift, enabling a small oil pump to control a hydraulic control liquid filling valve to open through the second reversing valve, enabling the pressing oil cylinders to ascend to enable the oil to flow back into an auxiliary oil tank, and enabling the small oil pump to inject oil to rod ends of auxiliary cylinders through the first reversing valve to enable the auxiliary cylinders to return to the top end;
s43, controlling the first reversing valve, the second reversing valve and the third reversing valve to reverse and stop, and stopping the large oil pump.
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