CN1085287A - Door pivot - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of hingen formula door that makes is closed the door pivot that is improved automatically.Hingen in the past can not move smoothly because its mechanical action part is located in the space of filling with a kind of hydraulic oil with the oil pressure action part, and its mechanical wear is very big, makes the hydraulic oil muddiness, and application life is short; Because closing velocity is fixed, its thermal loss is big, construction and adjustment difficulty.Mechanical action part of the present invention is separated with the oil pressure action part, charges into lubrication oil and hydraulic oil respectively, can guarantee that hingen moves smoothly; By the structure of working connection and auxiliary oil circuit, make closing motion rapid and steady; Owing to be provided with self levelness adjustment and affirmation means, make construction and adjustment easily.

Description

Door pivot

The present invention relates to a kind of door pivot (floor hinge) that is used for self-closing doors pivot formula door (hinged door).

Closing automatically of hingen formula door generally is to adopt door closer (door closer or door check), and this is a kind of by means of the linkage and the elastic recovery device that are arranged between door and the doorframe, a device of closing automatically of opening.Yet on a door (flush door) that flushes that constitutes by glass plate or synthetic resin, particularly on the transparent door that flushes, a closer is set damages the attractive in appearance of it, therefore, generally all adopt door pivot.

Door pivot is to be embedded on the doorframe bottom surface rotating shaft that constitutes door, the device of the door of opening being closed automatically by the elastic-restoring force of oil pressure and/or spring.Proposed all structural concepts about this door pivot, and through inventor's investigation, still do not seen the document of these schemes of record, and product is as shown in Figure 1 arranged on the market.

In Fig. 1, a side that is contained in the hingen body 110 in the casing (casing) 111 is being provided with hingen axle (hinge shaft) 101, and the cylinder body 131 of adorning piston 132 extends thus.Piston 132 is pressed to a side of cylinder body 131 by the effect of compression spring 136, the cam mechanism effect that the piston rod 123 of piston 132 and hingen axle 101 are made of active joint 121 and driven joint 124 and linking.On the other hand, flap valve (check valve) 133 and the less oil circuit 103 of diameter are being set on piston 132, specific hydraulic oil at the inner filling of cylinder body 131.

Door pivot does not have the door of expression to open on by figure and when hingen axle 101 is rotated like this, by the effect of cam mechanism 121,124, piston 132 compression compression springs 136 ground are moved, at this moment to the drawing left side, flap valve 133 is opened, and hydraulic oil flows rapidly; When in a single day the external force that is added on the door be removed, because piston 132 moves to the figure right side of face under the elastic-restoring force effect of compression spring 136, at this moment hydraulic oil flows by narrow and small oil circuit 103, therefore just closes lentamente with in check speed.

In this existing door pivot, because the inner space of hingen body 110 is communicated with into a space fully, thereby a kind of hydraulic oil in filling in this inner space.Because the hydraulic oil that uses in the general oil gear all is as basis (base) with the lower oil of proportion and viscosity, therefore can not will strengthen the mechanical wear of hingen axle 101 and cam mechanism 121,124 etc. like this for mechanical contact portions such as hingen axle 101 and cam mechanism 121,124 provide lubricated fully.The metallic particles that come off by such wearing and tearing etc. can be blended in the hydraulic oil and make its muddiness, thereby make obstructions such as flap valve 133, oil circuit 103, cause that door can not close automatically, cause door to stop at problem under the open mode.Thereby, because existing door pivot fault is frequent, can not guarantee that door successfully closes for a long time automatically, so short problem in application life is arranged.

In addition, because the sectional area of oil circuit 103 fixes, thereby the automatic closing velocity of door also is certain, and this just produces the problem that can't adjust closing velocity.Thereby, just longer from the time that is opened between closing automatically of door, make the room heat waste of air conditioner facility bigger, and during outdoor blowing hard, make the people be subjected to the infringement that the cool wind in outside is blown into repeatedly.And for the closing velocity that makes door increases, when the elastic-restoring force of compression spring 136 is strengthened, the user will use bigger strength when opening the door, and also have when closing and cause the problem of pointing security incidents such as being sandwiched in the crack between a door and its frame or meeting and discussing.

On the other hand, door pivot must be arranged to the gyroaxis of door or maintenance certain distance such as doorframe and be on the position of correct level.; the face that is provided with of door pivot generally is to tilt or rough bottom surface; thereby the construction that it correctly is provided with is very difficult; that is to say; use bubble (level), right angle analyzer (square) to wait the correctness of confirming its levelness and distance, simultaneously by be provided with embed on the face adjustment pad (spqcer), wedge (Wedgee) wait the process of installing door pivot be need be very skilled skill and a kind of work for a long time.Even finished the work of this difficulty, door pivot has correctly been installed, because door pivot is supporting the door of suitable own wt, along with using easy run-off the straight, at this moment for its levelness is adjusted again, just need carry out smoothing (leveling) operation of the trouble done when being provided with repeatedly.

In addition, the clear 58-12432 of Japanese patent gazette number the technical pattern of a kind of heart (heart) shape cam and pincerlike arm interlock is disclosed, disclose for the flat 2-45750 of Japanese patent gazette number and a kind ofly made door pivot fix the technical pattern of (clocling) with opening angle greater than certain angle, yet these technical schemes are all failed to solve as shown in Figure 1 existing problem in the prior art.

At above-mentioned prior art problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wearing and tearing that can prevent mechanical contact portion, prolonged mechanical application life, and do not have motor defect that the muddiness of hydraulic oil causes, do not have fault, long door pivot of life-span.

Another object of the present invention provide a kind of can be promptly and the door pivot of closing automatically lenitively.

A further object of the present invention provides a kind of the setting and constructs easily, and is convenient to correctly adjust the door pivot of levelness.

The door pivot of the present invention of making in order to reach above-mentioned first purpose, it has the hingen axle that links to each other with the rotating shaft of door; Cam mechanism with the interlock of above-mentioned hingen axle is arranged; Effect that useful piston rod is connected with cam mechanism, spring by compression applies the piston of elastic pressure to a side; Have the effect of compression spring and flap valve and many oil circuits that the piston return motion that causes is controlled, it is characterized in that it is with next door and joint ring hingen box that hingen axle and cam mechanism are housed and the cylinder body that piston and flap valve and oil circuit are housed to be separated into to be in sealing state ground mutually and to form cam mechanism chamber and hydraulic chamber respectively.

Another object of the present invention is realized by the invention that also has another feature that preferably promptly it makes working connection of often opening and the auxiliary oil circuit of being sealed by piston in the final stage that piston returns to the hydraulic circuit of control piston answer speed.

A further object of the present invention is preferably realized by the invention that also has some other feature, be that it is contained in the hingen body in the casing that can adjust levelness with can adjusting relative position, orthogonal two bubble that are used for confirming levelness are being set on hingen body or casing.

Because such structure, can distinguish the different fluid of filling in the cam mechanism chamber that makes door pivot of the present invention and the hydraulic chamber, i.e. lubrication oil and hydraulic oil, so just can partly successfully provide lubricated to frame for movement, prevent to sneak in the hydraulic oil foreign material.

The present invention with another feature can make door promptly close, and can prevent that heat waste and wind are blown into from the outside, and can guarantee to close lentamente in the terminal stage of closing.

The present invention with other feature even under the situation of smoothing means that do not have other or mensuration utensil, also can adjust the levelness of door pivot, can construct easily and adjust.

Fig. 1 is the top plan view of the existing door pivot structure of expression;

Fig. 2 is the top plan view of expression door pivot structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing along the III among Fig. 2-the III line is obtained;

Fig. 4 is the sectional drawing along the IV among Fig. 3-the IV line is obtained;

Fig. 5 is the sectional drawing that amplify the part of expression piston action;

Fig. 6 is the decomposition main body figure that amplifies from the part that the VII direction of Fig. 3 is seen;

Fig. 7 (A) is the sectional drawing of the course of action of expression door pivot of the present invention to Fig. 7 (D).

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, most preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

In Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, door pivot of the present invention have be contained in cover 17 and casing 11 in hingen body 10, hingen body 10 roughly is made of the hingen box (hinge box) 1 of installing hingen axle 2 and cam mechanism 21,24 and the cylinder body 31 of installing piston 32, piston rod 23.Between hingen box 1 and cylinder body 31, according to feature of the present invention, only make piston rod 23 be under the sealing state motion ground and separate, thereby the inner space of hingen body 10 of the present invention is separated in the cam mechanism chamber 20 of hingen box 1 inside with in the hydraulic chamber 30 of cylinder body 31 inside with next door 12 and joint ring 22.

Be preferably in 30 li of hydraulic chamber and injected the more low viscous hydraulic oil of oil pressure effect, and in cam mechanism chamber 20, inject higher lubrication oil or the lubricating grease (glease) of viscosity that partly lubricates usefulness for mechanical movement, mutually can not blending but both are acted on by next door 12 and joint ring 22.Joint ring 22 preferably can allow piston rod 23 motions, does not make the lubrication oil of cam mechanism chamber 20 and the hydraulic oil blending of hydraulic chamber 30 simultaneously, for example " O " of available elastomeric material circle.

In the cam mechanism chamber 20 in the hingen box 1, be installed with that not have illustrated cam mechanism in the prior art be to be made of hingen axle 2 that links to each other with door Connection Block etc. and active joint 21 and the driven joint 24 that therewith links.Illustrated structure is not that formation is essential to the invention, and certainly the link gear that is made of other forms of cam mechanism, lever link mechanism etc. constitutes.

On the other hand, in the hydraulic chamber 30 in cylinder body 31, installing by the effect of compression spring 36 to the end of hydraulic chamber 30 side, promptly apply the piston 32 of elastic pressure to the right side of drawing, one end of piston rod 23 is connected on the piston 32, and the other end links to each other with the driven joint 24 of cam mechanism chamber 20.Hydraulic chamber 30 is divided into the first space segment 30a in piston 32 the place aheads by the piston 32 that is mounted in it and at the second space segment 30b at piston 32 rears, two space segment 30a, 30b are communicated with mutually selectively by flap valve 33, working connection 34a and auxiliary oil circuit 34b.

In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, flap valve 33 is by being arranged on bead (ball) 33a in the oil circuit 3 that piston rod 23 front ends form and by adjusting screw 33c the spring 33b that it adds elastic pressure being constituted.The inside of adjusting screw 33c connects, so that allow hydraulic oil flow towards oil circuit 3.Make and adjust the pressure that the screw rotation just can be adjusted to flap valve 33 setting.

On the other hand, working connection 34a and auxiliary oil circuit 34b such as Fig. 3 promptly in a side of hydraulic chamber 30, form thick wall part 31a to constitute shown in Figure 5ly on the cylinder body 31 in piston 32 strokes (stroke) scope, and its aperture is reduced; In this thick wall part 31a, working connection 34a along the longitudinal extension of cylinder body 31.Centre at this working connection 34a, towards cylinder body 31 inboards, promptly offering the auxiliary oil circuit 34b of branch, the adjustment screw 35 of adjusting the oil circuit sectional area of working connection 34a and auxiliary oil circuit 34b from the outside of cylinder body 31 is being set at auxiliary oil circuit 34b upside towards hydraulic chamber 30 ground.

Below, by Fig. 5 illustrate this flap valve 33 and working connection 34a and auxiliary oil circuit 34b action and with the correlation of piston 32 etc.In Fig. 5,, the piston 32 in the initial position shown in the chain-dotted line A is moved to the position at solid line C place, diagram left side by opening of door.In this course, the bead 33a of flap valve 33 opens flap valve to spring 33b pressurization, allows the hydraulic oil of the first space segment 30a flow to the second space segment 30b by oil circuit 3.Then, in case the external force that is applied on the door is removed, piston 32 just turns back on the initial position once more, at this moment, because the bead 33a of flap valve 33 has blocked oil circuit 3, the hydraulic oil of the second space segment 30b is revert among the first space segment 30a, thus the closing velocity of control gate by working connection 34a and auxiliary oil circuit 34b.When the front end of piston 32 passes through the position of chain-dotted line B; because auxiliary oil circuit 34b is cut off by the sidewall of piston 32; hydraulic oil can only be flowed by working connection 34a, thereby flowable flow is reduced, thereby door is closed with speed very slowly in the final stage of closing.Like this, door needed power when opening just can be adjusted by the adjustment screw 33c that adjusts flap valve 33, the closing velocity of door can make the oil circuit sectional area of working connection 34a and auxiliary oil circuit 34b change and obtain adjusting by the adjustment to the adjustment screw 35 on the auxiliary oil circuit 34b.Therefore, door pivot of the present invention can promptly be closed door, and can close lentamente in terminal stage.

On the other hand, door pivot of the present invention is also setting various levelnesss and the position adjustment structure for the ease of installing and adjusting.At first, on casing 11, setting a plurality of carriage (bracket) and horizontal adjustment screws of using with respect to the height and the horizontal adjustment of installed surface 14.And at least one position of casing 11, setting and make door pivot aim at the alignment pin (location pin) 13 that (alignment) reference position is used, in addition, on two mutually orthogonal positions of casing 11 inboards, two bubble 16a, 16b that confirm that the door pivot levelness is used are being set.These bubble 16a, 16b possible constructions are cheap, and the bubble type levelling tube (bubble vial) of the liquid that contains bubble is housed in transparent pipe.

Door pivot of the present invention also can be contained in relative position between member in the casing 11 with being adjusted.For this reason, as shown in Figure 6, on end both sides of hingen body 10, set up upper support frame 47 with methods such as welding or integral die-cast.Bracing frame 47 has horizontal component 47a and vertical component 47b.Constitute with the right angle form, on vertical component 47b, connecting the position and adjusting bolt 37.The horizontal component 47a of bracing frame 47 is used for by attachment screw 19 hingen body 10 with casing 11 and cover 17 and link to each other.On the support chip 38 of casing 11, form slotted hole 38a, when adjusting, can in the hole, relatively move by position adjusting screw 37.On the other hand, also connecting screw 19 in the outside of hingen box 1, the support chip 38 of casing 11 herein ' on also have slotted hole 38 ' a.This hingen body 10 that forms by bracing frame 47 and casing 11 and cover 17 connection status as shown in Figure 4.Because this hingen body 10 is to make the structure that can adjust with the relative position of casing 11, thereby in it being connected on the door use in addition, former thereby cause door pivot when lopsidedness because of the deadweight of door etc., adjust screw 37 by position of rotation and adjust position with respect to casing 11 and just can change hingen axle 2, promptly the position of gyroaxis.

On the other hand, preferably connecting the lid (cap) 40 that seals hydraulic chamber 30,, limit switch (limil Switch) 39 can be set as required in the inboard of this lid 40 at an end of cylinder body 31.The front end that for example available limit switch 39 that is made of proximity switch such as eddy current sensors detects (moniloring) piston 32 breaks away from from fastening position, just the on off state of door circulate a notice of among the figure not the expression the identification loop.Like this, owing to have limit switch 39, just visitor's discrepancy can be detected at a distance, thereby effect such as the criminal of preventing can be played.In this case, can in the identification loop, suitably insert warning devices such as bulb, alarm buzzer.

Below, with reference to Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 D, the course of action of the door pivot of the present invention of said structure is described.

Fig. 7 A is corresponding with the original state of door pivot of the present invention, and the hingen axle 2 that links to each other with the gyroaxis of the door of not representing among the figure is positioned at the center, and piston 32 is positioned at the initial position of drawing low order end.

Then, when the user pushes away or spur door, when opening it, be connected the just rotation counterclockwise shown in Fig. 7 B of hingen axle 2 on the door.Therefore draw driven joint 24 in the active joint 21 of cam mechanism 21,24 to the drawing left side, forms piston 32 compression spring 3b compression ground is moved to the left.The hydraulic oil of opening flap valve 33, the first space segment 30a thus just promptly flows to the second space segment 30b through oil circuit 3.

When the user removes the external force that is added on the door, compression spring 36 is just pressed to the figure right side of face with piston 32, retract by 24 pairs of actives of the driven joint that links to each other with piston rod 23 joint 21, make hingen axle 2 clockwise direction rotation shown in Fig. 7 c, thereby door is closed automatically.At this moment, working connection 34a that forms among the thick wall part 31a of the hydraulic oil of the second space segment 30b of hydraulic chamber 30 by cylinder body 31 and auxiliary oil circuit 34b flow in the first space segment 30a, thereby the return speed of control piston 32, the i.e. automatic closing velocity of control gate.During by auxiliary oil circuit 34b place, its sidewall cuts off the inlet of auxiliary oil circuit 34b, because hydraulic oil is only mobile by working connection 34a, thereby just can make closing velocity become very slow in the final stage of closing at piston 32.

On the other hand, shown in Fig. 7 D, when the door opening angle surpasses the predetermined angular scope, even piston rod 23 spurs driven joint 24 to the figure right side of face, hingen axle 2 can not rotate, thereby before the user closed it with external force, door just was maintained under this state.

In above course of action, piston rod 23 moves back and forth between cam mechanism chamber 20 of separating mutually and hydraulic chamber 30, but, therefore can make the lubrication oil of cam mechanism chamber 20 and the not blending mutually of hydraulic oil of hydraulic chamber 30 owing to be subjected to joint ring 22 scrapings (scaping) such as " O " circle attached to the lubrication oil of the cam mechanism chamber 20 on the piston rod 23 or the hydraulic oil of hydraulic chamber 30.In addition, the operating state of door pivot of the present invention, promptly the door operating state can be detected by limit switch 39 as required.

As mentioned above, because the present invention can partly provide the lubrication oil that is provided with the hydraulic oil blending to mechanical component, thereby the action that door pivot is well on, and can prolong its application life.Also owing to can close automatically rapidly, thereby can not only prevent thermal loss, can prevent that wind is blown into from the outside, and can construct easily and adjust.So door pivot that the present invention can provide a kind of performance to be significantly increased.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of door pivot, it has the hingen axle that links to each other with the rotating shaft of door: the cam mechanism with the interlock of above-mentioned hingen axle is arranged; Effect that useful piston rod is connected with cam mechanism, spring by compression applies the piston of elastic pressure to a side; Also have the effect of compression spring and flap valve and many oil circuits that the piston return motion that causes is controlled, it is characterized in that it is the hingen box (1) that hingen axle (2) and cam mechanism (21,24) are housed with piston (32) is housed and the cylinder body (31) of flap valve (23) and oil circuit is separated into and is in sealing state ground mutually and forms cam mechanism chamber (20) and hydraulic chamber (30) respectively with next door (12) and joint ring (22).

2, door pivot as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be respectively charged into different fluids in above-mentioned cam mechanism chamber (20) and hydraulic chamber (30).

3, door pivot as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: in above-mentioned cam mechanism chamber (20) specific lubrication oil is housed, and in above-mentioned hydraulic chamber (30) specific hydraulic oil is housed.

4, door pivot as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the hydraulic chamber (30) in above-mentioned cylinder body (31) is divided into first space segment (30a) and second space segment (30b) by piston (32); Above-mentioned oil circuit is by the terminal stage that makes the frequent working connection (34a) that is communicated with of above-mentioned two space segments (30a, 30b) and reply at above-mentioned piston (32), and the auxiliary oil circuit (34b) that is cut off by piston (32) constitutes.

5, door pivot as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: above-mentioned cylinder body (31) has the thick wall part (31a) that the internal diameter of certain-length dwindles; Above-mentioned working connection (34a) forms along thick wall part (31a) longitudinal extension ground; Above-mentioned auxiliary oil circuit (34b) is in the centre of working connection (34a), form to the inboard branch ground of cylinder body (31).

6, door pivot as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: it also has the adjustment screw (35) of the oil circuit sectional area of adjusting above-mentioned working connection (34a) and auxiliary oil circuit (34b).

7, door pivot as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hingen body (10) that is made of above-mentioned hingen box (1) and cylinder body (31) is installed in specific casing (11) and the lid (17), and above-mentioned casing (11) is provided with a plurality of supports (15) and horizontal adjustment screw (14) that can adjust its levelness.

8, door pivot as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: have on the above-mentioned doorframe body (10) with the position bracing frame (47) that screw (37) links to each other is set; Above-mentioned doorframe body (10) is contained in the casing (11) in the mode that can adjust with casing (11) relative position.

9, door pivot as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: two orthogonal bubble (16a, 16b) that the levelness that can confirm door pivot is being set on above-mentioned hingen body (10) or in the casing (11) any one.

10, door pivot as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with the limit switch (39) by the on off state that moves detecting gate that detects piston (32) in the end of above-mentioned cylinder body (31).

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