CN108519201B - Automatic detection equipment for rigidity characteristic of columnar elastic element - Google Patents

Automatic detection equipment for rigidity characteristic of columnar elastic element Download PDF

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CN108519201B
CN108519201B CN201810345343.XA CN201810345343A CN108519201B CN 108519201 B CN108519201 B CN 108519201B CN 201810345343 A CN201810345343 A CN 201810345343A CN 108519201 B CN108519201 B CN 108519201B
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positioning
sensor
ball screw
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servo motor
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CN108519201A (en
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金光远
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Industrial Technology Research Institute Of Heilongjiang Province
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • G01M5/0041Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
    • G01M5/005Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses automatic detection equipment for the rigidity characteristic of a columnar elastic element, relates to an automatic detection device for the rigidity of the columnar elastic element, and particularly relates to a structure of an automatic detection device for the axial rigidity of an end face seal static ring assembly. The problems that stable and uniform loading of pressure is difficult to guarantee by manual pressing and quantitative values cannot be detected for the axial rigidity characteristic of the helium sealing assembly are solved. It includes servo motor, ball screw mechanism, actuating mechanism, force sensor, optics range finding sensor, location clamping mechanism and system supporting mechanism, ball screw mechanism's lead screw upper end is connected with servo motor's output shaft, actuating mechanism's upper end is fixed on ball screw mechanism's slip table side, actuating mechanism's rodlike body middle part sets up to force sensor, actuating mechanism's lower extreme below is location clamping mechanism, optics range finding sensor sets up the displacement of terminal surface under the cavity of location clamping mechanism and towards the top in order to detect actuating mechanism.

Description

Automatic detection equipment for rigidity characteristic of columnar elastic element
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic rigidity detection device for a columnar elastic element, in particular to a structure of an automatic axial rigidity detection device for an end face seal static ring assembly.
Background
Helium face seals are important components in rocket engine turbopumps. The sealing structure consists of a movable ring component and a stationary ring component, and is mainly sealed by a metal diaphragm capsule type which has the advantages of pressure resistance, temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, large deformation and good mechanical linearity. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the metal bellows 21 is located in the stationary ring housing 22 as an axial displacement compensation element, and the stationary ring and the moving ring can be tightly attached at any time by the elastic force, so as to realize effective isolation and leakage prevention for different fuel media. In practical use, in order to reduce the vibration of the diaphragm capsule and increase the damping, a foil-type damping band is generally assembled on the outer circle of the diaphragm capsule to provide a damping force. But this also brought the influence for helium seal assembly's axial rigidity characteristic simultaneously, because the error of production and assembly precision can lead to helium end face seal assembly to appear the damping force unusual, even the phenomenon of resilience jam appears, leads to the engine to take a trial run the in-process local temperature rise too fast, the sealed leakage volume is unstable, brings very big hidden danger for space launch. Therefore, the axial flexibility of the helium end face sealing assembly is required to be detected, and unqualified products are removed, so that the normal operation of the engine is ensured.
However, at present, for the detection of the axial rigidity characteristic of the helium end face sealing static ring component, a worker mainly presses and releases the metal diaphragm box part by hands, and whether the component is qualified or not is judged by sensing the damping force and observing whether the phenomenon of jamming occurs or not. This method has the following disadvantages:
1. because the stable and uniform loading of the pressure is difficult to ensure by manual pressing, the manual loading is equivalent to introducing human error factors into the original mechanical characteristics of the sealing assembly, and misjudgment is easy to occur.
2. The axial rigidity characteristic of the helium sealing component cannot be quantified during manual detection, so that different conditions can occur during detection, and hidden dangers are brought to subsequent use.
Because the two problems exist in the prior manual detection of the axial rigidity characteristic of the helium end face seal, a detection and analysis system based on the axial rigidity characteristic of the helium end face seal assembly needs to be developed urgently, and the lagging situation of the prior manual detection is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides automatic rigidity characteristic detection equipment for a columnar elastic element, which aims to solve the problems that stable and uniform loading of pressure is difficult to ensure by manual pressing and quantitative values cannot be given to axial rigidity characteristic detection of a helium sealing assembly during manual detection.
The invention comprises a servo motor 1, a ball screw mechanism 2, an actuating mechanism 3 and a force sensor 4, the optical ranging sensor 19, the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 and the system supporting mechanism, the servo motor 1, the ball screw mechanism 2 and the actuating mechanism 3 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the vertical direction of the ball screw mechanism 2 is fixed on the side face of the system supporting mechanism, the upper end of a screw rod of the ball screw mechanism 2 is connected with an output shaft of the servo motor 1, the servo motor 1 is arranged at the top end of the system supporting mechanism, the upper end of the actuating mechanism 3 is fixed on the side face of a sliding table of the ball screw mechanism 2, the middle part of a rod-shaped body of the actuating mechanism 3 is provided with the force sensor 4, the lower end of the actuating mechanism 3 is provided with the positioning and clamping mechanism 5, the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 is a hollow cylinder-shaped body, and the optical ranging sensor 19 is arranged at the bottom in the cavity of the positioning and clamping mechanism 5.
The working principle is as follows: the ball screw mechanism is composed of a coupler, a guide rail, a sliding table and a fixed platform, and converts the rotary motion of the servo motor 1 into reciprocating linear motion so as to push the actuating mechanism to compress and release a workpiece to be measured. The workpiece to be measured is arranged on the upper end face of the positioning and clamping mechanism 5. The invention achieves the function of measuring two parameters: the deformation size and the elastic force of the workpiece to be measured. The deformation is generated by measuring the downward displacement of the actuating mechanism 3 when the actuating mechanism 3 compresses the workpiece after the actuating mechanism 3 contacts the workpiece. The force and the displacement are measured and fed back through the force sensor 4 and the optical ranging sensor 19 which are well distributed, wherein the force sensor 4 is directly installed between a push rod of the executing mechanism 3 and the pressure plate, the reaction thrust after the pressure is applied by the pressure plate is measured, the optical ranging sensor 19 is arranged in the positioning clamping mechanism 5, and the compression displacement of the pressure plate head is accurately measured from the hollow measured workpiece and the inside of the positioning clamping mechanism 5.
The measured workpiece is positioned and clamped through a clamping mechanism and a positioning ring (17) so as to ensure that the axis of the workpiece is superposed with the axis of the thrust rod and ensure the stable operation of force application. And finally, the compressed force and displacement of the workpiece are measured and fed back by a force sensor (4) and a laser displacement sensor (19) respectively, and are displayed and the curve quality is evaluated through the calculation processing of an upper computer, so that the automatic measurement of the elastic curve of the workpiece is realized finally. The invention is an automatic detection device, thus solving the problems of low reliability of manual operation and incapability of giving quantized numerical values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a workpiece under test. Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the axial rigidity automatic detection device of the invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the ball screw mechanism 2. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the actuator 3. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the positioning and clamping mechanism 5. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical ranging sensor 19.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of a measured workpiece requiring axial stiffness measurement, and the measured workpiece comprises a metal bellows 21, a stationary ring housing 22 and a graphite ring 23. The workpiece to be measured is characterized in that the outer surface stationary ring shell 22 is in a stepped cylinder shape, the inside of the stationary ring shell 22 is hollow and is provided with a metal diaphragm box 21 used as an elastic body, the metal diaphragm box 21 can be axially compressed in a small range, and the upper end of the metal diaphragm box 21 is embedded with a graphite ring 23. The measured workpiece has different specific sizes according to different models, specifically, the B value is within the range of 32 mm-40 mm, and the C value has the equivalent value of 57mm, 60mm and 65 mm. The technical requirements are that the measured displacement precision reaches 0.01mm, and the measured pressure precision reaches 0.1N. The above is the size of the workpiece to be measured by the automatic detection equipment and the corresponding requirement, and the object of the invention is to realize the automatic detection of the workpiece to be detected.
The embodiment comprises a servo motor 1, a ball screw mechanism 2, an actuating mechanism 3 and a force sensor 4, optical ranging sensor 19, location clamping mechanism 5 and system supporting mechanism, servo motor 1, ball screw mechanism 2, actuating mechanism 3 is set up by last to lower in proper order, ball screw mechanism 2 vertical direction is fixed on the side of system supporting mechanism, the lead screw upper end of ball screw mechanism 2 is connected with servo motor 1's output shaft, servo motor 1 sets up on the top of system supporting mechanism, actuating mechanism 3's upper end is fixed on ball screw mechanism 2's slip table side, actuating mechanism 3's rodlike body middle part sets up to force transducer 4, actuating mechanism 3's lower extreme below is location clamping mechanism 5, location clamping mechanism 5 is hollow tube-like body, optical ranging sensor 19 sets up the bottom in location clamping mechanism 5 cavity and towards the top in order to detect the displacement of actuating mechanism 3 lower extreme face. The force sensor 4 has a range of 0-200 newtons and a linearity of less than 0.05%. F.S.
The optical distance measuring sensor 19 is a laser displacement sensor, as shown in fig. 7, the laser displacement sensor includes an emitting port 19-1 and a receiving port 19-2, a laser beam emitted upward from the emitting port 19-1 is reflected back to the receiving port 19-2 at the bottom end of the actuator 3, and displacement change of the actuator 3 is measured in real time. This displacement measurement is a trigonometric measurement.
The two measurement results of the force sensor 4 and the optical distance measuring sensor 19 are transmitted to the host computer by cables.
The second embodiment is as follows: this embodiment will be specifically described below with reference to fig. 4. The difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the ball screw mechanism 2 includes a flexible coupling 7, a square guide rail 8, a sliding table 9, a fixed platform 10, and a ball screw 11, the flexible coupling 7 is connected between a motor shaft of the servo motor 1 and the ball screw 11, and the flexible coupling 7 uses a diaphragm coupling of the servo motor. The ball screw has the characteristics of small friction resistance and high positioning precision, and the sliding platform 9 reciprocates on the square guide rail 8 to drive the fixed platform 10 to move. The module has the excellent characteristics of compact structure, high transmission efficiency and low noise.
Other structures and connection modes are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: this embodiment will be specifically described below with reference to fig. 5. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the actuator 3 includes a transfer frame 12, a pressure ram 13, a connecting stud 15 and a pressure plate 16, the transfer frame 12 is fixed on the fixed platform 10, and the transfer frame 12, on one hand, makes a horizontal space for the downward alignment positioning mechanism 18, and, on the other hand, is effectively connected with the pressure ram 13. The design of the pressure push rod 13 is that the cylindrical body is symmetrically milled, so that high-precision reliable connection with the conversion frame 12 is guaranteed. The lower end of the pressure push rod 13 is in threaded connection with the upper end of the force sensor 4. The lower end of the force sensor 4 is connected with the upper end of the pressure plate 16 through a connecting stud 15.
The pressure plate 16 is composed of a plate body positioned at the upper end and a cylinder positioned at the lower end, and the plate body and the cylinder are coaxial with the force sensor 4 and the pressure push rod 13.
In order to apply pressure stably, the pressure plate is designed according to a workpiece bearing surface and is connected with the force sensor through a full-thread screw, and nuts 14 are arranged at two ends of the force sensor for locking and fixing, so that the force sensor has a position micro-regulation function. The edge of the plate body at the upper end of the pressure plate is pressed on the graphite ring 23 in the measuring process, and the cylindrical protruding part at the bottom of the pressure plate of the measured workpiece is inserted into the measured workpiece in the measuring process, so that the laser sensor is convenient to measure, and the motion of the pressure plate is always within the stroke measuring range of the sensor.
Other structures and connection modes are the same as those of the second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment will be specifically described below with reference to fig. 3. The difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the system supporting mechanism comprises an upright post 6-1, a lower platform 6-2 and a motor support 6-3, the upright post 6-1 is fixed on the upper surface of the edge of the lower platform 6-2, the motor support 6-3 is fixed on the side part of the top end of the upright post 6-1, and the servo motor 1 is installed on the motor support 6-3.
Other structures and connection modes are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment will be specifically described below with reference to fig. 6. The difference between the fourth embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the positioning and clamping mechanism 5 comprises a positioning ring 17, a positioning cylinder 18 and a positioning sleeve 5-1, the positioning sleeve 5-1 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower platform 6-2 through a bolt, the positioning cylinder 18 is fixed on the upper end surface of the positioning sleeve 5-1, an annular step 18-1 is formed on the inner surface of the positioning cylinder 18, the positioning ring 17 is arranged in the positioning cylinder 18 and is located on the annular step 18-1, and the positioning ring 17, the positioning cylinder 18 and the positioning sleeve 5-1 share the same axial line.
The upper edge of the positioning cylinder 18 is provided with two groove-shaped openings 17-1, and the groove-shaped openings 17-1 are symmetrically arranged relative to the central line of the positioning cylinder 18.
The structure is mainly used for positioning the workpieces to be measured with different outer diameters through the positioning ring 17, and the positioning accuracy of the workpieces to be measured is ensured through the matching precision. The positioning ring is arranged in the positioning cylinder 18 according to the outer diameter of the workpiece to be measured
Figure GDA0002305581920000041
The positioning rings 17 with different inner diameters are selected according to the value of C, the excircle part of the workpiece to be measured is sunk into the positioning rings, and the flange plate is attached to the upper surface of the positioning cylinder, so that repeated positioning is avoided. The two slot-shaped openings of the positioning cylinder 18 are then for the convenience of grasping the positioning ring. The positioning and clamping scheme is simple to operate and can adapt to products of various models.
When the device is used, firstly, an instruction is sent to the servo motor 1, the position returns to zero, namely, the linear module returns to the uppermost end (determined by the position of the upper limit switch), then, a corresponding positioning ring is manually selected according to the type of a workpiece to be detected to be sleeved into the fixed clamping mechanism, then, the workpiece to be detected is placed in the positioning ring, the servo motor 1 is controlled to rotate stably by the instruction sent by the upper computer, so that the execution mechanism 3 is pushed to press down the workpiece to be detected, the workpiece is stopped for a short time after reaching a specified stroke, and then the workpiece to be detected is rotated to drive the execution mechanism 3 to release the compression of the workpiece to be detected. During the period, the force sensor and the laser sensor synchronously sample the pressure and the displacement, and the result is fed back to an upper computer in real time, so that the automatic measurement of the axial rigidity characteristic of the workpiece is finally realized.
In order to ensure that the axis of the workpiece to be measured is matched with the axis of the thrust rod, the positioning and clamping mechanism ensures that the placement of the workpiece meets the requirements by means of installation and machining matching precision, and the deviation is reduced.
Other structures and connection modes are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment will be specifically described below with reference to fig. 7. The difference between the present embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the optical distance measuring sensor 19 further includes a sensor mounting bracket 20, the sensor mounting bracket 20 is a right-angle bent plate, one plate body of the sensor mounting bracket 20 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower platform 6-2 by a bolt, and the laser sensor 19 is fixed on the other plate body of the sensor mounting bracket 20 by a bolt.
By the arrangement, the optical ranging sensor 19 is fixed on the lower platform 6-2, and the detection precision can be maintained and guaranteed on the premise of calibration. Because the workpiece is hollow inside, the measuring light path can complete closed-loop measurement inside the workpiece. Based on the triangulation method, the method is non-contact, can be well adapted to the system structure, and can achieve high precision.
Other structures and connection modes are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.

Claims (4)

1. The automatic detection equipment for the rigidity characteristic of the columnar elastic element is characterized by comprising a servo motor (1), a ball screw mechanism (2), an actuating mechanism (3), a force sensor (4), an optical ranging sensor (19), a positioning clamping mechanism (5) and a system supporting mechanism, wherein the ball screw mechanism (2) comprises a flexible coupling (7), a square guide rail (8), a sliding table (9), a fixed platform (10) and a ball screw (11), the flexible coupling (7) is connected between a motor shaft of the servo motor (1) and the ball screw (11), and the sliding table (9) reciprocates on the square guide rail (8) to drive the fixed platform (10) to move;
a servo motor (1) and a ball screw mechanism (2), the actuator (3) is sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the ball screw mechanism (2) is fixed on the side face of the system supporting mechanism in the vertical direction, the upper end of a ball screw of the ball screw mechanism (2) is connected with an output shaft of the servo motor (1), the servo motor (1) is arranged at the top end of the system supporting mechanism, the upper end of the actuator (3) is fixed on the side face of a sliding table of the ball screw mechanism (2), the middle part of a rod-shaped body of the actuator (3) is provided with a force sensor (4), a positioning clamping mechanism (5) is arranged below the lower end of the actuator (3), the positioning clamping mechanism (5) is a hollow cylinder-shaped body, and an optical ranging sensor (19) is arranged at the bottom in a cavity of the positioning clamping mechanism (5) and faces upwards to detect the displacement of the lower end face of the actuator (3);
the optical ranging sensor (19) is a laser displacement sensor, the laser displacement sensor comprises a transmitting port (19-1) and a receiving port (19-2), and a laser beam emitted upwards by the transmitting port (19-1) is reflected back to the receiving port (19-2) at the bottom end of the actuating mechanism (3); the measuring light path completes closed-circuit measurement based on a triangulation method in the measuring light path;
the actuating mechanism (3) comprises a conversion frame (12), a pressure push rod (13), a connecting stud (15) and a pressure plate (16), the conversion frame (12) is fixed on the fixed platform (10), the lower end of the pressure push rod (13) is in threaded connection with the upper end of the force sensor (4), the lower end of the force sensor (4) is connected with the upper end of the pressure plate (16) through the connecting stud (15), the pressure plate (16) consists of a plate body positioned at the upper end and a cylinder positioned at the lower end, and the plate body and the cylinder are coaxial with the force sensor (4) and the pressure push rod (13);
the system supporting mechanism comprises an upright post (6-1), a lower platform (6-2) and a motor support (6-3), the upright post (6-1) is fixed on the upper surface of the edge of the lower platform (6-2), the motor support (6-3) is fixed on the side part of the top end of the upright post (6-1), and the servo motor (1) is installed on the motor support (6-3);
the positioning and clamping mechanism (5) comprises a positioning ring (17), a positioning cylinder (18) and a positioning sleeve (5-1), the positioning sleeve (5-1) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower platform (6-2) through a bolt, the positioning cylinder (18) is fixed on the upper end surface of the positioning sleeve (5-1), an annular step (18-1) is formed in the inner surface of the positioning cylinder (18), the positioning ring (17) is arranged in the positioning cylinder (18) and is located on the annular step (18-1), and the positioning ring (17), the positioning cylinder (18) and the positioning sleeve (5-1) have the same axial lead;
the upper edge of the positioning cylinder (18) is provided with two groove-shaped openings (17-1), and the groove-shaped openings (17-1) are symmetrically arranged relative to the central line of the positioning cylinder (18).
2. The automatic detection equipment for the rigidity characteristic of the columnar elastic element as claimed in claim 1, wherein two measurement results of the force sensor (4) and the optical distance measuring sensor (19) are transmitted to the host computer through cables.
3. The apparatus for automatically detecting the stiffness characteristics of a cylindrical elastic element according to claim 1, wherein the optical distance measuring sensor (19) further comprises a sensor mounting bracket (20), the sensor mounting bracket (20) is a rectangular bent plate, one plate body of the sensor mounting bracket (20) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower platform (6-2) through bolts, and the laser displacement sensor is fixed on the other plate body of the sensor mounting bracket (20) through bolts.
4. An automatic detection device of the stiffness characteristics of a cylindrical elastic element according to claim 3, characterized in that said flexible coupling (7) is a diaphragm coupling.
CN201810345343.XA 2018-04-17 2018-04-17 Automatic detection equipment for rigidity characteristic of columnar elastic element Expired - Fee Related CN108519201B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112595476B (en) * 2020-11-27 2022-06-28 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 Method and device for measuring rigidity of vacuum diaphragm capsule assembly of aero-engine

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CN1308228A (en) * 2001-03-22 2001-08-15 上海交通大学 Elastic element rigidity testing instrument
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CN102944472A (en) * 2012-11-14 2013-02-27 南京理工大学 Device and method for measuring axial static rigidity of ball screw pair
CN202837094U (en) * 2012-06-18 2013-03-27 江苏明珠试验机械有限公司 Testing machine for tension, ring stiffness and flattening combination properties of tubing
CN103017992A (en) * 2012-12-15 2013-04-03 南京理工大学 Device and method for measuring static rigidity of rolling linear guide rail pair
CN103018104A (en) * 2012-12-26 2013-04-03 南京理工大学 Horizontal measuring device for axial static rigidity of ball screw pair and method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29711490U1 (en) * 1997-07-01 1998-01-08 Krumme, Markus, Dr., 71642 Ludwigsburg Universal measuring device for non-destructive stiffness tests for tablets
CN1308228A (en) * 2001-03-22 2001-08-15 上海交通大学 Elastic element rigidity testing instrument
CN2906591Y (en) * 2006-01-10 2007-05-30 沈阳仪表科学研究院 Multi-position precision corrugated pipe tester
CN202837094U (en) * 2012-06-18 2013-03-27 江苏明珠试验机械有限公司 Testing machine for tension, ring stiffness and flattening combination properties of tubing
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CN103018104A (en) * 2012-12-26 2013-04-03 南京理工大学 Horizontal measuring device for axial static rigidity of ball screw pair and method thereof

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