CN108519044A - A kind of measuring system and measurement method of foundation pit deformation - Google Patents
A kind of measuring system and measurement method of foundation pit deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108519044A CN108519044A CN201810315449.5A CN201810315449A CN108519044A CN 108519044 A CN108519044 A CN 108519044A CN 201810315449 A CN201810315449 A CN 201810315449A CN 108519044 A CN108519044 A CN 108519044A
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- foundation pit
- displacement
- deformation
- steel wire
- measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/22—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in capacitance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in magnetic properties
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- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring system of foundation pit deformation and measurement methods.The foundation pit deformation measuring system, including it is arranged in the deformation measurement portion of the measurement measurement point foundation pit deformation amount of each foundation pit deformation measurement point, it is structurally characterized in that：The deformation measurement portion includes steel wire and sensor assembly, and the bottom of foundation ditch close to foundation pit side-wall is fixed in the steel wire bottom end, and steel wire top is fixedly connected with foundation pit side-wall upper edge；The sensor assembly includes the obliquity sensor for measuring steel wire angle of inclination；Before measurement starts, the deformation measurement portion is installed；When installation, steel wire is pre-tightened, and steel wire is made to be in vertical tensional state.The foundation pit measuring system and measurement method can efficient, precise and stable, monitoring foundation pit deformations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring systems and measurement method that can monitor foundation pit deformation in real time, belong to foundation pit deformation measurement
Field.
Background technology
With the continuous propulsion of urbanization process, the space availability ratio of modern city is higher and higher, the congestion phenomenon in city
Increasingly severe, the utilization of urban underground space become the inexorable trend of urban development.Underground parking, market place builet below the ground and
The a large amount of underground space such as subterranean tunnel utilizes the excavation phenomenon for essential underground deep basal pit occur.
Reduce the horizontal supporting force of the soil body after excavation of foundation pit, the precipitation of excavation of foundation pit causes level of ground water reduction and hole outer
Water level is uneven, and generation differential water pressures are larger, makes the factors such as weight stress increase in soil that may lead to periphery Important building
There is lateral deformation, inclination, displacement, or even cracking in object and land subsidence, influence important building and personnel, construction safety；This
Outside, it is contemplated that the absolute of base pit engineering cannot be completely secured in existing Foundation Pit Support Design method and geological conditions, supporting scheme
Safety.Therefore, monitoring foundation pit construction is very necessary to the safety of periphery important building and personnel and base pit engineering itself
's.
The method that pit retaining monitoring largely uses at present is total station instrument coordinate method of changing.Total station instrument coordinate method of changing is in base
Several differential reference points are arranged in the arbitrary stable and firm place cheated outside construction infection, on differential reference point and distortion monitoring points
Permanent reflecting prism is installed.The three-dimensional coordinate that each point is observed in a survey station direction is arbitrarily set according to the shape of foundation pit.Using more
The data of secondary observation are after difference and adjustment, the benchmark as later Deformation Monitor Data Processing.By daily one or several weeks
Phase carries out horizontal displacement and the observation of vertical displacement three-dimensional；Since being observed second, each survey station not sum the last time
It overlaps, but differential reference point must be utilized to measure the survey station three-dimensional coordinate that this is measured.Thereafter, meter calculates this each prison
Measuring point coordinate value.Difference compensating computation goes out each monitoring point in the deformation values of horizontal displacement both direction and sedimentation Direction distortion
Value, the i.e. deformation values of three-dimensional.Different margin of foundation pit shapes are pressed again, and by the shift value in 3 dimension directions, value is converted into foundation pit
Edge normal direction horizontal displacement value and vertical sedimentation value.
Requirement of the pit retaining monitoring to data precision and monitoring frequency is all higher, although the operation letter of total station instrument coordinate method of changing
It is single, but due to being manual operation, needing staff, one or several periods are observed daily, and the amount of labour is very big, no
It can realize and measure in real time, and be also easy to produce measurement error.Moreover, total station instrument coordinate method of changing can only measure the horizontal displacement of foundation pit,
It is unable to measure the Vertical Settlement of foundation pit, and the Vertical Settlement of foundation pit is also highly important safety index.In the city of modernization
In construction, these disadvantages bring the security risk of deep foundation pit construction, and not perfect due to these detecting systems has resulted in
Many engineering accidents.Therefore, it studies, design efficient, precise and stable, the real-time foundation pit deformation monitoring technology of one kind as ability
Field technique personnel technical barrier in the urgent need to address.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of measuring system of foundation pit deformation and measurement methods.The foundation pit measuring system and survey
Amount method can efficient, precise and stable, monitoring foundation pit deformation.
The present invention realizes that its goal of the invention provides firstly a kind of measuring system of foundation pit deformation, including is arranged in each base
The deformation measurement portion for cheating the measurement measurement point foundation pit deformation amount of deformation measurement point, is structurally characterized in that：The deformation measurement portion packet
Steel wire and sensor assembly are included, the bottom of foundation ditch close to foundation pit side-wall, steel wire top and foundation pit side are fixed in the steel wire bottom end
Wall upper edge is fixedly connected；The sensor assembly includes the obliquity sensor for measuring steel wire angle of inclination；Measurement is opened
Before beginning, the deformation measurement portion is installed；When installation, steel wire is pre-tightened, and steel wire is made to be in vertical tensional state.
The present invention also provides the measurement method of two kinds of above-mentioned foundation pit deformation measuring systems, the first measurement method is：It is real
When monitoring obliquity sensor measured by angle value θ, and judge according to measured angle value θ horizontal displacement X, the X=2 π of foundation pit
θ/360 ° h*, wherein h is initial foundation depth.Second of measurement method be：Angle value measured by monitoring obliquity sensor in real time
θ, and according to horizontal displacement X, the X=h*tan θ of measured angle value θ judgement foundation pits, wherein h is initial foundation depth.
When foundation pit occurred level displacement, foundation pit side-wall top edge can drive the occurred level displacement of steel wire top, and steel wire
Bottom end is fixed, so the deflection relative to vertical direction can occur for steel wire, the angle that obliquity sensor is shown is steel wire the bottom of around
The rotation angle θ of portion's fixed point.Since horizontal displacement is very small compared with initial foundation depth h, so arc length can be passed through
θ/360 ° formula X=2 π h* approximation acquires horizontal displacement；Horizontal position can also be acquired by sine formula X=h*tan θ approximations
It moves.It is computed, uses precision for 0.01 ° of obliquity sensor, when beginning foundation depth is 15 meters originally, above two measurement method
Measurement accuracy in horizontal displacement is 2.5mm or so.The early warning value detected needed for 15 meters of foundation pits in engineering is 3mm, therefore, this
Measuring system and measurement method comply fully with foundation pit measurement request.
Compared with prior art, above-mentioned foundation pit deformation measures and the advantageous effect of measurement method is：
One, the measuring system and measurement method can replace the measurement methods such as existing total powerstation, greatly reduce staff
Working strength, save human cost, by obliquity sensor measurement data can intuitively be showed testing staff, to detection
Personnel require without profession；And can develop to form remote auto monitoring, without staff to field monitoring.
Two, a set of deformation measurement portion cost of the measuring system also drops within 700 yuan compared to total powerstation cost significantly
It is low.
Three, the measuring system and measurement method can replace the measurement methods such as existing total powerstation, accuracy of detection high.
Four, each deformation measurement portion of a whole set of measuring system can flexibly deploy to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities according to the practical measurement demand of foundation pit.
The present invention realizes that its goal of the invention additionally provides another foundation pit deformation measuring system, including is arranged in each foundation pit
The deformation measurement portion of the measurement measurement point foundation pit deformation amount of deformation measurement point, is structurally characterized in that：The deformation measurement portion includes
Spring, steel wire and sensor assembly, the sensor assembly include the obliquity sensor and use for measuring steel wire angle of inclination
In the displacement sensor for measuring telescopic spring amount；The bottom of foundation ditch close to foundation pit side-wall, steel wire top are fixed in the steel wire bottom end
End is connected with one end of spring, and the spring other end is fixedly connected with foundation pit side-wall upper edge；Before measurement starts, the change is installed
Shape measurement portion；When installation, spring and steel wire are pre-tightened, and steel wire and spring is made to be in vertical tensional state.
Further, the coefficient of elasticity of spring of the present invention is 0.5~2N/mm.
Through experiment, selecting coefficient of elasticity to be the spring of 0.5~2N/mm can both ensure that spring and steel wire could when original state
It fully pre-tightens, steel wire and spring entirety run-off the straight when foundation pit side-wall upper edge generates horizontal displacement, to be sensed using inclination angle
Device measures angle, calculates the horizontal displacement of foundation pit side-wall upper edge；It can ensure that (foundation pit is heavy for foundation pit generation vertical displacement again
Drop) when, steel wire and the whole deformation in vertical direction of spring are concentrated in spring section, can pass through displacement sensor bullet
The stroke of spring obtains the vertical displacement of foundation pit.
Further, the concrete mode of displacement sensor telescopic spring amount of the present invention is：Displacement sensor and bullet
Spring is in parallel, and displacement sensor one end is connected with steel wire top, and the other end is fixedly connected with foundation pit side-wall upper edge.In this way, just
Two measurement ends that displacement sensor may be implemented are fixed with both ends of the spring respectively, to realize the purpose for measuring telescopic spring amount.
Further, displacement sensor of the present invention includes magnetostrictive displacement sensor, rod-pulling type straight-line displacement sensing
Device and capacitive displacement transducer.
Magneto strictive sensor possesses high-precision, can bear high temperature, high pressure and strong vibration；It is run without abrasion, stability is good.
Rod-pulling type linear displacement transducer, small, easy for installation, output signal diversification, precision is high, fast response time.Condenser type
Linear displacement transducer, simple in structure, high temperature resistant, radiation hardness, high resolution, dynamic response characteristic are good, of low cost.Through reality
It tests, above-mentioned three kinds of displacement sensors are applied to for accurate to the measurement measurement result of vertical displacement in this measuring system, installation
Convenient, suitability is strong.
The present invention also provides a kind of measurement methods of above-mentioned foundation pit deformation measuring system, including monitor inclination angle sensing in real time
Shift value d measured by angle value θ and displacement sensor measured by device, and according to measured angle value θ and shift value d judgements
Horizontal displacement X, the vertical displacement Y and comprehensive displacement L, specific determination method of foundation pit be：
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d >=0 then judges foundation pit only occurred level displacement X, θ/360 ° π h* X=2 or X
=h*tan θ, wherein h is initial foundation depth；
If angle value θ=0, shift value d ≠ 0 then judges that vertical displacement Y, Y=d only occur for foundation pit；
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d ＜ 0 then judge that horizontal displacement X had not only had occurred in foundation pit, but also vertical position have occurred
Move Y, θ/360 ° horizontal displacement X=2 π (h-d) *, vertical displacement Y=d, comprehensive displacement L=h2+(h-d)2- 2h* (h-d) * cos θ,
Wherein, h is initial foundation depth.
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d >=0 then judges foundation pit only occurred level displacement X, because when foundation pit only occurs
When horizontal displacement, foundation pit side-wall top edge can drive the occurred level displacement of steel wire top, and steel wire bottom end is fixed, so steel wire meeting
The deflection relative to vertical direction occurs, the angle that obliquity sensor is shown is rotation angle θ.Steel wire deflection may
Very small stretching is generated, can be neglected (d >=0).Since horizontal displacement is very small compared with foundation depth h, institute
Horizontal displacement can be acquired by θ/360 ° arc length formula X=2 π h* approximation.It can also be approximate by sine formula X=h*tan θ
Acquire horizontal displacement.
When vertical displacement (Excavation Settlement) occurs for foundation pit, steel wire and the whole deformation in vertical direction of spring are concentrated in bullet
The vertical displacement of foundation pit can be obtained so by the stroke of displacement sensor spring in spring part.If angle value θ=
0, shift value d ≠ 0 then judges that vertical displacement only occurs for foundation pit, by the stroke of displacement sensor spring, base can be obtained
The vertical displacement Y, Y=d in hole；D is the measured value of displacement sensor.
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d ＜ 0 then judge that horizontal displacement X had not only had occurred in foundation pit, but also vertical position have occurred
Move Y.The horizontal displacement X of foundation pit is acquired by arc length formula, θ/360 ° X=2 π (h-d) *, vertical displacement Y=d, wherein h is first
Beginning foundation depth.
The comprehensive displacement L measurements of foundation pit are the comprehensive position L=h by cosine formula2+(h-d)2- 2h* (h-d) * cos θ,
In, h is initial foundation depth.
It is computed, uses precision for 0.01 ° of obliquity sensor, when foundation depth is 15 meters, above two measurement side
Measurement accuracy of the method in horizontal displacement is 2.5mm or so.The early warning value detected needed for 15 meters of foundation pits in engineering is 3mm, therefore,
This measuring system and measurement method comply fully with foundation pit measurement request.The measurement accuracy of vertical displacement depends on displacement sensor,
It can select as needed.
Compared with prior art, above-mentioned foundation pit deformation measures and the advantageous effect of measurement method is：
One, the measuring system and measurement method can replace the measurement methods such as existing total powerstation, greatly reduce staff
Working strength, save human cost, by obliquity sensor measurement data can intuitively be showed testing staff, to detection
Personnel require without profession；And can develop to form remote auto monitoring, without staff to field monitoring.
Two, a set of deformation measurement portion cost of the measuring system also drops within 700 yuan compared to total powerstation cost significantly
It is low.
Three, by being used cooperatively obliquity sensor and displacement sensor, horizontal, vertical and three kinds of positions of inclination can be measured in real time
Shifting amount, and can judge displacement type and displacement data, the deformation of comprehensive judgement foundation pit in all directions according to measurement data
Amount.
Four, the measuring system and measurement method can replace the measurement methods such as existing total powerstation, accuracy of detection high.
Five, each deformation measurement portion of a whole set of measuring system can flexibly deploy to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities according to the practical measurement demand of foundation pit.
Further, foundation pit deformation measuring system of the present invention further includes data transfer part and data processing division, the number
Include the RFID chip being electrically connected with each sensor assembly and microprocessor and wireless reading RFID chip number according to transport part
According to RFID reader；The data of reading are transmitted to data processing division by the RFID reader, and data processing division is read according to RFID
The data that device transmits are write, the foundation pit deformation amount measured by each deformation measurement portion is calculated.
In this way, can not only monitor the foundation pit deformation amount of many places foundation pit deformation measurement point simultaneously, but also use RFID radio frequency skills
Art is at low cost, and energy consumption is few, by the sequence number of data and itself that RFID chip stores, can be easily determined RFID chip
The foundation pit deformation amount of corresponding foundation pit deformation measurement point.Sensor assembly is observed using the above method one by one without staff
Obtained data reduce the working strength and cost of labor of staff, improve work efficiency.
Further, foundation pit deformation measuring system of the present invention further includes the integrated control being connect with remote control center
Portion, the integrated control portion, which summarizes the foundation pit deformation amount data that all data processing divisions calculate and can be sent to RFID reader, reads
Instruction fetch.
In this way, system, after installation is complete, all operations are all completed by remote control center, without measuring every time all
By manually installed, the working strength of staff is reduced, cost is reduced, is improved work efficiency；And it is not needing
When gathered data, the sensor assembly and data transfer part, data processing division in front end deformation measurement portion are in " suspend mode " state,
It will not cause the waste of electric energy, it is ensured that system longtime running, and without frequently manpower and materials being spent to be safeguarded.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is one overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram in one deformation measurement portion of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic that the embodiment of the present invention one calculates Foundation Pit X.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic that the embodiment of the present invention two calculates Foundation Pit X.
Fig. 5 is three overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram in three deformation measurement portion of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the principle schematic that the embodiment of the present invention three measures foundation pit vertical displacement Y.
Fig. 8 is the principle schematic that the embodiment of the present invention three calculates Foundation Pit X and vertical displacement Y.
Fig. 9 is the principle schematic that the embodiment of the present invention three measures foundation pit comprehensive displacement L.
In figure, 1.4 indicate upper mounted plate, and 1.5 indicate that bottom plate, M indicate foundation pit side-wall.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 shows, a kind of foundation pit deformation measuring system, including is arranged in the measurement measurement point of each foundation pit deformation measurement point
The deformation measurement portion 1.0 of foundation pit deformation amount, is structurally characterized in that：As shown in Fig. 2, the deformation measurement portion 1.0 includes steel wire 1.1
With sensor assembly 1.2, the bottom of foundation ditch close to foundation pit side-wall, 1.1 top of steel wire and foundation pit are fixed in 1.1 bottom end of the steel wire
Side wall upper edge is fixedly connected；The sensor assembly 1.2 includes the obliquity sensor for 1.1 angle of inclination of measuring steel wire
1.2a；Before measurement starts, the deformation measurement portion 1.0 is installed；When installation, steel wire 1.1 is pre-tightened, and is made at steel wire 1.1
In vertical tensional state.
Foundation pit deformation measuring system described in this example further includes data transfer part 2.0 and data processing division 3.0, the data
Transport part 2.0 includes the RFID chip 2.1 being electrically connected with each sensor assembly 1.2 and microprocessor 2.2 and wireless reading
The RFID reader 2.3 of 2.1 data of RFID chip；The data of reading are transmitted to data processing division by the RFID reader 2.3
3.0, the data that data processing division 3.0 is transmitted according to RFID reader 2.3 calculate the base measured by each deformation measurement portion 1.0
Cheat deflection
In order to realize that 1.1 top of steel wire is fixedly connected with foundation pit side-wall upper edge in this example, foundation pit side-wall upper edge
It is provided perpendicular to the upper mounted plate 1.4 of foundation pit side-wall, the lower surface fixed-link on 1.1 top of steel wire and upper mounted plate 1.4.
Obliquity sensor 1.2a described in this example is fixed on 1.1 top of steel wire.
The measurement method of foundation pit deformation measuring system is angle value measured by real-time monitoring obliquity sensor 1.2a in this example
θ, and according to θ/360 ° horizontal displacement X, X=2 π h* of measured angle value θ judgement foundation pits, wherein h is that initial foundation pit is deep
Degree.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic for the horizontal displacement X that above-mentioned measurement method measures foundation pit.As shown, when original state
1.1 top of steel wire is fixed at the p points of foundation pit side-wall top edge, and o points are fixed in 1.1 bottom of steel wire, at this time op=h, and h is foundation pit
Initial depth.When foundation pit occurred level displacement, foundation pit side-wall top edge can drive 1.1 top occurred level displacement of steel wire, steel
1.1 tops of silk are moved to q points, and 1.1 bottom end of steel wire is fixed, so the deflection relative to vertical direction can occur for steel wire 1.1, is inclined
The angle that angle transducer 1.2a is shown is deflection angle θ.Since horizontal displacement is very micro- compared with initial foundation depth h
It is small, so horizontal displacement can be acquired by θ/360 ° arc length formula X=2 π h* approximation.
Embodiment two
The foundation pit deformation measuring system of this example is identical as embodiment one, the measurement method of foundation pit deformation measuring system and implementation
Example one is different.The measurement method of foundation pit deformation measuring system is angle value measured by real-time monitoring obliquity sensor 1.2a in this example
θ, and according to horizontal displacement X, the X=h*tan θ of measured angle value θ judgement foundation pits, wherein h is initial foundation depth.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic for the horizontal displacement X that above-mentioned measurement method measures foundation pit.As shown, when original state
1.1 top of steel wire is fixed at the p points of foundation pit side-wall top edge, and o points are fixed in 1.1 bottom of steel wire, at this time op=h, and h is foundation pit
Initial depth.When foundation pit occurred level displacement, foundation pit side-wall top edge can drive 1.1 top occurred level displacement of steel wire, steel
1.1 tops of silk are moved to q points, and 1.1 bottom end of steel wire is fixed, so the deflection (steel relative to vertical direction can occur for steel wire 1.1
Silk 1.1 is stretched), the angle that obliquity sensor 1.2a is shown is deflection angle θ.As shown in figure 4, passing through sine formula X=
H*tan θ approximations acquire horizontal displacement.
Embodiment three
Fig. 5 shows, a kind of foundation pit deformation measuring system, including is arranged in the measurement measurement point of each foundation pit deformation measurement point
The deformation measurement portion 1.0 of foundation pit deformation amount, is structurally characterized in that：As shown in the enlarged drawing of part A in Fig. 6 and Fig. 6, the deformation
Measurement portion 1.0 includes spring 1.3, steel wire 1.1 and sensor assembly 1.2, and the sensor assembly 1.2 includes being used for measuring steel wire
The obliquity sensor 1.2a at 1.1 angles of inclination and displacement sensor 1.2b for measuring 1.3 stroke of spring；The steel wire
The bottom of foundation ditch close to foundation pit side-wall is fixed in 1.1 bottom ends, and 1.1 top of steel wire is connected with one end of spring 1.3, and spring 1.3 is another
One end is fixedly connected with foundation pit side-wall upper edge；Before measurement starts, the deformation measurement portion 1.0 is installed；When installation, to spring
1.3 and steel wire 1.1 pre-tightened, and steel wire 1.1 and spring 1.3 is made to be in vertical tensional state；
In order to realize that the fixation of spring 1.3 and displacement sensor 1.2b, foundation pit side-wall upper edge are provided perpendicular to base
The upper mounted plate 1.4 of side wall is cheated, 1.1 top of steel wire is additionally provided with bottom plate 1.5, the one end displacement sensor 1.2b and upper fixation
The lower surface of plate 1.4 connects, and the other end is connect with the upper surface of bottom plate 1.5, and displacement sensor 1.2b is parallel with spring 1.3
And it is connected in parallel.
The coefficient of elasticity of spring 1.3 described in this example is 0.5~2N/mm.1.3 size of spring is in this example：Outer diameter 8mm,
Length 30mm, the thick 1mm of spring wire.
Displacement sensor 1.2b described in this example measure 1.3 stroke of spring concrete mode be：Displacement sensor 1.2b
In parallel with spring 1.3, the one end displacement sensor 1.2b is connected with 1.1 top of steel wire, and the other end is solid with foundation pit side-wall upper edge
Fixed connection.
Displacement sensor 1.2b described in this example include magnetostrictive displacement sensor, rod-pulling type linear displacement transducer and
Capacitive displacement transducer.
Foundation pit deformation measuring system described in this example further includes data transfer part 2.0 and data processing division 3.0, the data
Transport part 2.0 includes the RFID chip 2.1 being electrically connected with each sensor assembly 1.2 and microprocessor 2.2 and wireless reading
The RFID reader 2.3 of 2.1 data of RFID chip；The data of reading are transmitted to data processing division by the RFID reader 2.3
3.0, the data that data processing division 3.0 is transmitted according to RFID reader 2.3 calculate the base measured by each deformation measurement portion 1.0
Cheat deflection.
Foundation pit deformation measuring system described in this example further includes the integrated control portion 4.0 being connect with remote control center, institute
Integrated control portion 4.0 is stated to summarize the foundation pit deformation amount data of the calculating of all data processing divisions 3.0 and can send out to RFID reader 2.3
Reading is sent to instruct.
The measurement method of foundation pit deformation measuring system described above is angle measured by real-time monitoring obliquity sensor 1.2a
Shift value d measured by angle value θ and displacement sensor 1.2b, and foundation pit is judged according to measured angle value θ and shift value d
Horizontal displacement X, vertical displacement Y and comprehensive displacement L, specific determination method are：
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d >=0 then judges θ/360 ° foundation pit only occurred level displacement X, X=2 π h*,
In, h is initial foundation depth；
If angle value θ=0, shift value d ≠ 0 then judges that vertical displacement Y, Y=d only occur for foundation pit；
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d ＜ 0 then judge that horizontal displacement X had not only had occurred in foundation pit, but also vertical position have occurred
Move Y, θ/360 ° horizontal displacement X=2 π (h-d) *, vertical displacement Y=d, comprehensive displacement L=h2+(h-d)2- 2h* (h-d) * cos θ,
Wherein, h is initial foundation depth.
Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 is the original that above two measurement method measures the horizontal displacement X of foundation pit, vertical displacement Y and comprehensive displacement
Manage schematic diagram.1.1 top of original state steel wire is fixed on by spring 1.3 at the p points of foundation pit side-wall top edge, 1.1 bottom of steel wire
It is fixed on o points；Op=h at this time, h are the initial depth of foundation pit.
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d >=0 then judges foundation pit only occurred level displacement X, because when foundation pit only occurs
When horizontal displacement, foundation pit side-wall top edge can drive 1.1 top occurred level displacement of steel wire, 1.1 top of steel wire to be moved to q points,
And 1.1 bottom end of steel wire is fixed, so the deflection relative to vertical direction can occur for steel wire 1.1, obliquity sensor 1.2a is shown
Angle is deflection angle θ.1.1 deflection of steel wire may will produce very small stretching, can be neglected (d >=0).By
It is very small compared with foundation depth h in horizontal displacement, so water can be acquired by θ/360 ° arc length formula X=2 π h* approximation
Prosposition moves.Horizontal displacement can also be acquired by sine formula X=h*tan θ approximations.Specifically it can refer to embodiment one and embodiment
Two measure the principle of horizontal displacement X.
When vertical displacement (Excavation Settlement) occurs for foundation pit, steel wire 1.1 and the whole deformation in vertical direction of spring 1.3 are assembled
In in 1.3 part of spring, so measuring the stroke of spring 1.3 by displacement sensor 1.2b, the vertical position of foundation pit can be obtained
It moves.As shown in fig. 7, if angle value θ=0, shift value d ≠ 0 then judges that vertical displacement only occurs for foundation pit, passes through displacement sensing
Device 1.2b measures the stroke of spring 1.3, and the vertical displacement Y, Y=d of foundation pit can be obtained；D is the measurement of displacement sensor 1.2b
Value.
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d ＜ 0 then judge that horizontal displacement X had not only had occurred in foundation pit, but also vertical position have occurred
Move Y.The vertical displacement on 1.1 top of steel wire is approximately the telescopic spring amount d that displacement sensor 1.2b is measured, that is, ignores steel wire 1.1
Deflection, the length of steel wire 1.1 is approximately the depth after foundation pit deformation after foundation pit deformation, the vertical displacement Y ≈ d of foundation pit, in conjunction with
The vertical displacement amount of foundation pit, as shown in figure 8, the horizontal displacement X of foundation pit can be acquired by arc length formula, X=2 π (h-d) * θ/
360°。
The comprehensive displacement L of foundation pit is measured as shown in figure 9, by cosine formula, integrates position L=h2+(h-d)2-2h*(h-d)*
Cos θ, wherein h is initial foundation depth.
Foundation pit project was generally required using 2 years, was at least measured once weekly with total powerstation, and need two people cooperation, often
Secondary to measure nearly 2 hours, workload is very big；The price of total powerstation is generally four or five ten thousand or so.Measuring system in this example, it is a set of
Price (being calculated according to 30 deformation measurement portions) is within 30000 yuan, and the remotely i.e. controllable measurement of this example measuring system, complete
It is not required to staff entirely to show up, human cost is greatly saved.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of foundation pit deformation measuring system, including it is arranged in the measurement measurement point foundation pit deformation amount of each foundation pit deformation measurement point
Deformation measurement portion (1.0), it is characterised in that：The deformation measurement portion (1.0) includes steel wire (1.1) and sensor assembly
(1.2), the bottom of foundation ditch close to foundation pit side-wall is fixed in steel wire (1.1) bottom end, steel wire (1.1) top on foundation pit side-wall
Edge is fixedly connected；The sensor assembly (1.2) includes the obliquity sensor for measuring steel wire (1.1) angle of inclination
(1.2a)；Before measurement starts, the deformation measurement portion (1.0) is installed；When installation, steel wire (1.1) is pre-tightened, and make steel wire
(1.1) it is in vertical tensional state.
2. a kind of foundation pit deformation measuring system, including it is arranged in the measurement measurement point foundation pit deformation amount of each foundation pit deformation measurement point
Deformation measurement portion (1.0), it is characterised in that：The deformation measurement portion (1.0) includes spring (1.3), steel wire (1.1) and sensing
Device module (1.2), the sensor assembly (1.2) include the obliquity sensor for measuring steel wire (1.1) angle of inclination
(1.2a) and displacement sensor (1.2b) for measuring spring (1.3) stroke；Reinforcing bar (1.1) bottom end is fixed on close
The bottom of foundation ditch of foundation pit side-wall, steel wire (1.1) top are connected with one end of spring (1.3), spring (1.3) other end and foundation pit side
Wall upper edge is fixedly connected；Before measurement starts, the deformation measurement portion (1.0) is installed；When installation, to spring (1.3) and steel
Silk (1.1) is pre-tightened, and steel wire (1.1) and spring (1.3) is made to be in vertical tensional state.
3. a kind of foundation pit deformation measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The elasticity of the spring (1.3)
Coefficient is 0.5~2N/mm.
4. a kind of foundation pit deformation measuring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute's displacement sensors (1.2b)
Measuring the concrete mode of spring (1.3) stroke is：Displacement sensor (1.2b) is in parallel with spring (1.3), displacement sensor
The one end (1.2b) is connected with steel wire (1.1) top, and the other end is fixedly connected with foundation pit side-wall upper edge.
5. a kind of foundation pit deformation measuring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute's displacement sensors (1.2b)
Including magnetostrictive displacement sensor, rod-pulling type linear displacement transducer and capacitive displacement transducer.
6. according to a kind of any foundation pit deformation measuring systems of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：The foundation pit deformation is surveyed
Amount system further includes data transfer part (2.0) and data processing division (3.0), and the data transfer part (2.0) includes and each biography
The RFID chip (2.1) and microprocessor (2.2) of sensor module (1.2) electrical connection and wirelessly reading RFID chip (2.1) number
According to RFID reader (2.3)；The data of reading are transmitted to data processing division (3.0) by the RFID reader (2.3), at data
The data that reason portion (3.0) is transmitted according to RFID reader (2.3) calculate the foundation pit measured by each deformation measurement portion (1.0) and become
Shape amount.
7. a kind of foundation pit deformation measuring system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The foundation pit deformation measuring system
Further include the integrated control portion (4.0) being connect with remote control center, the integrated control portion (4.0) summarizes all data processings
The foundation pit deformation amount data of portion (3.0) calculating simultaneously can send reading instruction to RFID reader (2.3).
8. a kind of measurement method of foundation pit deformation measuring system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Monitoring inclination angle passes in real time
Angle value θ measured by sensor (1.2a), and according to measured angle value θ judge horizontal displacement X, the X=2 π h* θ of foundation pit/
360 °, wherein h is initial foundation depth.
9. a kind of measurement method of foundation pit deformation measuring system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Monitoring inclination angle passes in real time
Angle value θ measured by sensor (1.2a), and judge according to measured angle value θ horizontal displacement X, the X=h*tan θ of foundation pit,
In, h is initial foundation depth.
10. a kind of measurement method of any foundation pit deformation measuring systems of claim 2-5, it is characterised in that：Prison in real time
The shift value d measured by angle value θ and displacement sensor (1.2b) measured by obliquity sensor (1.2a) is surveyed, and according to measured
Angle value θ and horizontal displacement X, the vertical displacement Y and comprehensive displacement L, specific determination method of shift value d judgement foundation pit be：
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d >=0 then judges foundation pit only occurred level displacement X, θ/360 ° π h* X=2 or X=h*
Tan θ, wherein h is initial foundation depth；
If angle value θ=0, shift value d ≠ 0 then judges that vertical displacement Y, Y=d only occur for foundation pit；
If angle value θ ≠ 0, shift value d ＜ 0 then judge that horizontal displacement X had not only had occurred in foundation pit, but also vertical displacement Y have occurred,
θ/360 ° horizontal displacement X=2 π (h-d) *, vertical displacement Y=d, comprehensive displacement L=h2+(h-d)2- 2h* (h-d) * cos θ,
In, h is initial foundation depth.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810315449.5A CN108519044A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | A kind of measuring system and measurement method of foundation pit deformation |
| PCT/CN2019/081692 WO2019196771A1 (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2019-04-08 | System and method for measuring deformation of foundation pit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810315449.5A CN108519044A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | A kind of measuring system and measurement method of foundation pit deformation |
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| CN108519044A true CN108519044A (en) | 2018-09-11 |
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| CN201810315449.5A Pending CN108519044A (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | A kind of measuring system and measurement method of foundation pit deformation |
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| CN (1) | CN108519044A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019196771A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
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| WO2019196771A1 (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-17 | 成都柏森松传感技术有限公司 | System and method for measuring deformation of foundation pit |
| CN110984249A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 河南恒宇工程管理有限公司 | Foundation pit deformation real-time monitoring system |
| CN114136246A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Foundation pit deformation monitoring device and method |
| CN115030173A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-09-09 | 歌山建设集团有限公司 | Deep foundation pit construction method based on Bailey truss steel trestle |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112554247A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-26 | 中铁二十局集团第六工程有限公司 | Foundation pit monitoring system |
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| WO2019196771A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
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