CN108518256B

CN108518256B - Valve mechanism capable of monitoring valve clearance on line and engine

Info

Publication number: CN108518256B
Application number: CN201810294089.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王贵琛; 王文慧
Original assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-03-30
Filing date: 2018-03-30
Publication date: 2020-08-21
Anticipated expiration: 2038-03-30
Also published as: CN108518256A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of engines, and particularly discloses a valve mechanism capable of monitoring valve clearance on line and an engine. The valve mechanism comprises a valve component which is arranged on a cylinder cover of the engine in a penetrating way; a valve spring; the valve component is arranged on the valve seat in a penetrating way, and two ends of the valve component are respectively elastically abutted against the valve component and the cylinder cover; the valve seat ring is arranged on the valve assembly in a penetrating way and is positioned between the valve assembly and the cylinder cover; one end of the rocker arm component is connected with the ejector rod, the other end of the rocker arm component is connected with the valve component in the hot state of the engine, the middle part of the rocker arm component is hinged with the cylinder cover, and a preset valve clearance is arranged between the rocker arm component and the valve component in the cold state of the engine; and the valve wear amount sensor is positioned above the valve assembly, and the distance between the valve wear amount sensor and the valve assembly is equal to the sum of the preset valve clearance value and the preset valve seat ring wear amount when the engine is in a cold state. The valve wear sensor is used for monitoring the change of the actual valve clearance in real time to monitor the wear condition of the valve seat ring, and the monitoring result is accurate and reliable.

Description

Valve mechanism capable of monitoring valve clearance on line and engine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engine manufacturing, in particular to a valve mechanism capable of monitoring valve clearance on line and an engine.

Background

When the engine runs, the motion of the valve can be divided into two strokes of valve opening and valve closing, in the valve opening stroke, the valve moves downwards under the action of a rocker arm and the like until the valve is fully opened, then the valve enters the valve closing stroke, the valve moves upwards under the action of spring force until the valve is seated, and the operation is repeated.

When the engine is operating, the valves will expand due to the increase in temperature. If there is no gap or too small gap between the valve and its transmission part in cold state, the valve is not closed tightly because of the thermal expansion of the valve and its transmission part in hot state, resulting in air leakage of the engine in compression stroke and working stroke, so reducing power, and seriously depositing or burning out the sealing surface of the valve, even the valve impacts the piston to break the valve head. Therefore, the valve clearance can be adjusted when the engine leaves the factory, and the normal running of the engine in the running process of the automobile is ensured.

However, in the process of opening and closing the valve, the valve and the valve seat ring can slide and collide with each other, so that the valve and the valve seat ring are abraded, and the valve clearance can be gradually reduced or even be zero along with the extension of the working time of the engine, so that the normal work of the engine is seriously influenced. And the current driver generally can only judge whether the valve clearance meets the requirements through the feeling of the dynamic property of the whole vehicle, lacks a scientific and accurate valve clearance monitoring device, or needs to regularly maintain and monitor the engine to check whether the valve clearance meets the requirements, but in this way, if the valve clearance is not abnormal, the user is caused to spend unnecessary maintenance cost.

Therefore, a valve train and an engine capable of monitoring valve clearance online are needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

One object of the present invention is: the utility model provides a but valve mechanism and engine of on-line monitoring valve clearance to solve among the prior art and can't be under the automobile driving state, whether accurate monitoring valve actual clearance satisfies the problem of requirement.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a valve train capable of monitoring valve lash online, comprising:

the valve assembly is arranged on a cylinder cover of the engine in a penetrating way and is used for air intake or exhaust to the engine;

a valve spring; the valve spring is arranged on the valve assembly in a penetrating mode, one end of the bottom of the valve spring is abutted with the cylinder cover, one end of the top of the valve spring is abutted with the valve assembly, and the valve spring is in a compressed state;

the valve seat ring is arranged on the valve assembly in a penetrating mode and located between the valve assembly and the cylinder cover, and the valve assembly and the valve seat ring can be attached or separated;

one end of the rocker arm assembly is connected with a mandril of the engine, the other end of the rocker arm assembly is attached to the valve assembly in the hot state of the engine, the middle part of the rocker arm assembly is hinged with the cylinder cover, and a preset valve clearance is formed between the rocker arm assembly and the valve assembly in the cold state of the engine;

and the valve wear amount sensor is positioned above the valve assembly, and when the engine is in a cold state, the distance between the valve wear amount sensor and the valve assembly is equal to the sum of a preset valve clearance value and a preset valve seat ring wear amount.

Preferably, the valve wear amount sensor is connected to an engine ECU.

Preferably, the valve wear amount sensor transmits a first monitoring signal to the engine ECU when the valve assembly is in contact with the valve wear amount sensor, and the valve wear amount sensor transmits a second monitoring signal to the engine ECU when the valve assembly is not in contact with the valve wear amount sensor.

Preferably, the valve mechanism further comprises a warning device, and the warning device is connected with the engine ECU.

Preferably, the valve mechanism further includes a sensor holder mounted on the cylinder head, and the valve wear amount sensor is mounted on the sensor holder.

Preferably, the rocker arm assembly comprises a rocker arm and a cushion block, one end of the rocker arm is connected with a mandril of an engine, the other end of the rocker arm is connected with the valve assembly, the middle part of the rocker arm is hinged with the cylinder cover, and the cushion block is connected with one end of the rocker arm;

when the engine is in a cold state, the cushion block and the valve assembly are provided with the preset valve clearance, the size of the preset valve clearance is adjustable, and when the engine is in a hot state, the cushion block is attached to the valve assembly.

Preferably, the rocker arm assembly further comprises an adjusting bolt, one end of the adjusting bolt is in threaded connection with the rocker arm, and the other end of the adjusting bolt is fixedly connected with the cushion block.

Preferably, the rocker arm assembly further comprises a locking nut, the locking nut is in threaded connection with the adjusting bolt, and one end of the locking nut abuts against the rocker arm.

Preferably, the valve assembly comprises two valves which are arranged on the cylinder cover in a penetrating way and a valve bridge connected with the two valves;

each valve is provided with one valve spring and one valve seat ring in a penetrating mode, one end of each valve spring is abutted to the valve, the valve seat ring is located between the valve and the cylinder cover, the valve and the valve seat ring can be attached or separated, and the valve abrasion loss sensor is located above the valve bridge;

when the engine is in a cold state, the preset valve clearance is arranged between the cushion block and the valve bridge, and the distance between the valve wear amount sensor and the valve bridge is equal to the sum of the preset valve clearance value and the preset valve seat ring wear amount;

when the engine is in a hot state, the cushion block is attached to the valve bridge.

In another aspect, the invention provides an engine comprising a valve mechanism capable of monitoring valve clearance online according to any one of the above aspects.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: through setting up valve wearing and tearing volume sensor, can be at the actual value of automobile in-process real-time supervision valve clearance that traveles, it is concrete, because under the engine hot state, valve assembly is heated the inflation, under valve spring's effect, the one end at valve assembly top can rise a predetermined valve clearance value for the cylinder head, along with the continuous wearing and tearing of valve seat circle, the one end at valve assembly top still can constantly shift up relatively the cylinder head, when the volume of moving up reaches predetermined valve seat circle wearing and tearing volume, the one end at valve assembly top will be with valve wearing and tearing volume sensor contact, valve wearing and tearing volume sensor will continuously send monitoring signal this moment, it has reached transfinite to represent valve seat circle wearing and tearing, can't satisfy operation requirement, need in time processing, realize the real-time supervision to valve wearing and tearing. The monitoring structure is simple, the monitoring result is accurate and reliable, and the problem that whether the actual valve clearance meets the requirement or not in the automobile running state can not be accurately monitored in the prior art can be solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve train capable of monitoring valve clearance online according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial view of the valvetrain A shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a 3D perspective view of the valve train shown in fig. 1.

In the figure:

1. a valve assembly; 11. an air valve; 12. valve bridge

2. A valve spring;

3. a rocker arm assembly; 31. a rocker arm; 32. cushion blocks; 33. adjusting the bolt; 34. locking the nut;

4. a valve wear amount sensor; 41. a contact;

5. a sensor holder;

6. a cylinder head;

7. presetting a valve clearance;

l1, the sum of the preset valve lash and the preset valve seat wear amount.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The embodiment provides a valve mechanism capable of monitoring valve clearance on line, as shown in fig. 1-3, comprising: a valve assembly 1, a rocker arm assembly 3, a valve spring 2, a valve seat ring (not shown in the drawing), a valve wear amount sensor 4, and a sensor holder 5. Valve assembly 1 is used for engine exhaust or admits air, and wears to establish on the cylinder head 6 of engine, and valve spring 2 wears to establish on valve assembly 1 to the boss butt that the one end at valve spring 2 top and valve assembly 1 are close to the top, the one end of bottom and 6 butts of cylinder head, and valve spring 2 is in compression state, exerts a power of keeping away from cylinder head 6 for the top of valve assembly 1, and the valve assembly 1 of being convenient for returns after rocker arm assembly 3 pushes down. The valve seat insert is arranged on the valve component 1 in a penetrating mode, the valve seat insert is located between one end of the bottom of the valve component 1 and the cylinder cover 6, and one end of the top of the valve seat insert is fixedly connected with the cylinder cover 6. One end of the rocker arm component 3 is connected with a mandril (not shown in the drawing) of the engine, the middle part of the rocker arm component is hinged with the cylinder cover 6, the other end of the rocker arm component 3 can be attached to the valve component 1 in the hot state of the engine, and the bottom end of the rocker arm component 3 and the top end of the valve component 1 are provided with a preset valve clearance 7 in the cold state of the engine. Specifically, when the engine is in a hot state, one end of the rocker arm assembly 3 is under the action of the ejector rod, the valve assembly 1 can be pressed down or is in a fitting state relative to the valve assembly 1, meanwhile, when the valve assembly 1 is pressed down, one end of the bottom of the valve assembly 1 is separated relative to the valve seat ring, when the rocker arm assembly 3 is fitted with the valve assembly 1, the valve assembly 1 is fitted relative to the valve seat ring, in the frequent separation and fitting processes of the valve assembly 1 and the valve seat ring, the valve seat ring is easy to wear, and after the valve seat ring is worn, under the action of the valve spring 2, the valve assembly 1 can move upwards relative to the cylinder cover 6. The sensor support 5 is installed on the cylinder cover 6, the valve abrasion loss sensor 4 is installed on the sensor support 5, the valve abrasion loss sensor 4 is located above the valve assembly 1, when the engine is in a cold state, the distance from the valve abrasion loss sensor 4 to a plane on the valve assembly 1 located right below the valve abrasion loss sensor is L1 which is the sum of a preset valve clearance value and a preset valve seat ring abrasion loss, when the engine is in a hot state, due to the fact that the valve assembly 1 is heated to expand, the valve assembly 1 expands a certain amount towards the direction close to the valve abrasion loss sensor 4, the specific expansion amount is the preset valve clearance value, therefore, in the hot state, the valve assembly 1 can be attached to the rocker arm assembly 3, and meanwhile, the distance between the valve assembly 1 and the valve abrasion loss sensor 4 is changed into the preset valve seat ring abrasion loss (when the engine leaves a factory). It should be noted that, as the service life of the engine is prolonged, the valve seat ring is continuously worn, and under the action of the valve spring 2, the valve assembly 1 approaches to the direction close to the valve wear amount sensor 4, so that the actual distance between the valve wear amount sensor 4 and the valve assembly 1 gradually decreases along with the service life of the engine until the valve assembly and the valve wear amount sensor are attached (in the engine hot state), at this time, the valve assembly 1 will continuously contact with the valve wear amount sensor 4, the valve wear amount sensor 4 transmits a first monitoring signal to the engine ECU, and the engine ECU gives an alarm through an alarm device connected with the engine seat ring to prompt a driver that the valve wear has reached the limit and needs to be replaced; similarly, when the valve wear amount sensor 4 is not in contact with the valve assembly 1, a second monitoring signal is sent to the engine ECU to represent that the real-time valve clearance is normal.

It should be noted that the preset valve seat wear amount refers to a difference value of wear of the valve seat from a good state when the valve seat leaves a factory to a state when the engine is about to fail to meet normal operation due to wear, that is, the engine can normally operate within the wear amount range, and after the wear amount range is exceeded, the engine cannot normally operate and has a serious hidden danger of valve head breakage.

In this embodiment, valve assembly 1 includes two valves 11 and valve bridge 12, and two valves 11 all wear to establish on the cylinder head 6 of engine, all wear to be equipped with a valve spring 2 on every valve 11 to the one end and the valve 11 butt at valve spring 2 top, the one end of bottom and the 6 butts of cylinder head, valve spring 2 is in compression state, and a power of keeping away from cylinder head 6 is applyed to the top of valve 11, and the return after the valve 11 pushes down at rocking arm 31 of being convenient for. The valve bridge 12 is connected with the two valves 11, and specifically, the valve bridge 12 is installed at one end of the tops of the two valves 11.

All wear to be equipped with a valve seat circle on every valve 11, it is concrete, the valve seat circle is located between the bottom of valve 11 and the cylinder cap 6, and the one end at valve seat circle top is fixed on cylinder cap 6, when rocking arm 31 pushes down, the bottom and the valve seat circle separation of valve 11, when rocking arm 31 rises, under the elastic recovery of valve spring 2, the one end of valve 11 bottom can laminate with the valve seat circle.

The rocker arm assembly 3 includes a rocker arm 31, a spacer 32, an adjustment bolt 33, and a lock nut 34. One end of the rocker arm 31 is connected with a mandril (not shown in the drawing) of the engine, the middle part is hinged with the cylinder cover 6, the other end is in threaded connection with one end of the top of the adjusting bolt 33, the cushion block 32 is connected with one end of the bottom of the adjusting bolt 33, the cushion block 32 is positioned between the rocker arm 31 and the valve bridge 12, one end of the top of the adjusting bolt 33 penetrates out of the rocker arm 31 and is in threaded connection with the locking nut 34, the locking nut 34 is abutted against the rocker arm 31 and can fasten the adjusting bolt 33, a straight groove or a cross groove is arranged on the top end face of the adjusting bolt 33, a screwdriver knob is convenient to use and used for adjusting the distance between the cushion block 32. In this embodiment, in the cold state, the distance between the cushion block 32 and the valve bridge 12 is the preset valve clearance 7, and the distance between the cushion block 32 and the valve bridge 12 can be adjusted by the adjusting bolt 33.

In this embodiment, in the engine thermal state, the valve 11 and the valve bridge 12 are heated to expand toward the direction close to the pad 32, and the expansion amount is a preset valve clearance value, that is, in the engine thermal state, the valve bridge 12 will be attached to the pad 32, and one end of the rocker arm 31 is under the reciprocating action of the ejector pin, and the other end can press down the valve bridge 12 or be in the attachment state with the valve bridge 12 through the pad 32, when the pad 32 presses down the valve bridge 12, the valve 11 compresses the valve spring 2, and one end of the bottom of the valve 11 is separated from the valve seat ring, and the valve 11 is inflated or deflated.

The valve wear amount sensor 4 is provided with a contact 41, the contact 41 is positioned above the valve bridge 12, when the engine is in a cold state, the distance between the valve wear amount sensor 4 and the plane of the valve bridge 12 positioned right below the valve bridge is L1 which is the sum of the preset valve clearance value and the preset valve seat ring wear amount, and the preset valve clearance value and the preset valve seat ring wear amount L1 can be set according to the specific models of the valve mechanism and the engine. When the engine is running, the valve 11 and the valve bridge 12 are expanded in the direction close to the valve wear amount sensor 4 by a certain amount in a hot state, and the specific expansion amount is a preset valve clearance value, so that the distance between the valve bridge 12 and the contact 41 is a preset valve seat wear amount in the hot state.

The embodiment further provides an engine, which includes the valve mechanism capable of monitoring the valve clearance online, as shown in fig. 3, the engine in this embodiment may include two sets of the valve mechanisms capable of monitoring the valve clearance online, which are respectively used for intake and exhaust, and two valve wear sensors 4 in the two sets of the valve mechanisms capable of monitoring the valve clearance online may be supported by one sensor support 5.

The valve wear sensor 4 connected with the engine ECU monitors the change of the actual valve clearance in real time to monitor the wear condition of the valve seat ring, helps a user to find abnormal valve wear as early as possible, solves the problem early as possible, and can avoid serious faults such as valve breakage caused by abnormal valve wear.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A valve mechanism capable of monitoring valve clearance online, characterized by comprising:

the valve assembly (1) is arranged on a cylinder cover (6) of the engine in a penetrating mode and is used for air intake or exhaust to the engine;

a valve spring (2); the valve spring (2) is arranged on the valve assembly (1) in a penetrating mode, one end of the bottom of the valve spring is abutted to the cylinder cover (6), one end of the top of the valve spring is abutted to the valve assembly (1), and the valve spring is in a compressed state;

the valve seat ring is arranged on the valve assembly (1) in a penetrating mode and located between the valve assembly (1) and the cylinder cover (6), and the valve assembly (1) and the valve seat ring can be attached or separated;

one end of the rocker arm component (3) is connected with a mandril of the engine, the other end of the rocker arm component is attached to the valve component (1) in the hot state of the engine, the middle part of the rocker arm component (3) is hinged with the cylinder cover (6), and the rocker arm component (3) and the valve component (1) are provided with a preset valve clearance (7) in the cold state of the engine;

the valve wear sensor (4) is positioned above the valve assembly (1), and when the engine is in a cold state, the distance between the valve wear sensor (4) and the valve assembly (1) is equal to the sum of a preset valve clearance value and a preset valve seat ring wear amount;

the valve wear sensor (4) is connected with an engine ECU;

when the valve assembly (1) is in contact with the valve wear amount sensor (4), the valve wear amount sensor (4) sends a first monitoring signal to the engine ECU, and when the valve assembly (1) is not in contact with the valve wear amount sensor (4), the valve wear amount sensor (4) sends a second monitoring signal to the engine ECU.

2. The valve train with the valve clearance capable of being monitored online as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a warning device, wherein the warning device is connected with the engine ECU.

3. An on-line valve train having a valve clearance monitorable according to claim 1 and also comprising a sensor holder (5), said sensor holder (5) being mounted on said cylinder head (6) and said valve wear sensor (4) being mounted on said sensor holder (5).

4. The valve mechanism capable of monitoring the valve clearance online is characterized in that the rocker arm assembly (3) comprises a rocker arm (31) and a cushion block (32), one end of the rocker arm (31) is connected with a mandril of an engine, the other end of the rocker arm is connected with the valve assembly (1), the middle part of the rocker arm (31) is hinged with the cylinder cover (6), and the cushion block (32) is connected with one end of the rocker arm (31);

when the engine is in a cold state, the cushion block (32) and the valve assembly (1) are arranged between the preset valve clearance (7), the size of the preset valve clearance (7) is adjustable, and when the engine is in a hot state, the cushion block (32) is attached to the valve assembly (1).

5. The valve mechanism capable of monitoring the valve clearance online is characterized in that the rocker arm assembly (3) further comprises an adjusting bolt (33), one end of the adjusting bolt (33) is in threaded connection with the rocker arm (31), and the other end of the adjusting bolt is fixedly connected with the cushion block (32).

6. A valve train with on-line valve clearance monitoring as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the rocker arm assembly (3) further comprises a lock nut (34), wherein the lock nut (34) is in threaded connection with the adjusting bolt (33) and one end of the lock nut abuts against the rocker arm (31).

7. The valve mechanism capable of monitoring the valve clearance online according to the claim 5, characterized in that the valve assembly (1) comprises two valves (11) which are arranged on the cylinder cover (6) in a penetrating way and a valve bridge (12) which is connected with the two valves (11);

each valve (11) is provided with one valve spring (2) and one valve seat ring in a penetrating mode, one end of each valve spring (2) is abutted to the corresponding valve (11), the valve seat ring is located between the corresponding valve (11) and the corresponding cylinder cover (6), the corresponding valve (11) and the corresponding valve seat ring can be attached or separated, and the corresponding valve abrasion loss sensor (4) is located above the corresponding valve bridge (12);

when the engine is in a cold state, the preset valve clearance (7) is arranged between the cushion block (32) and the valve bridge (12), and the distance between the valve wear amount sensor (4) and the valve bridge (12) is equal to the sum of the preset valve clearance value and the preset valve seat ring wear amount;

when the engine is in a hot state, the cushion block (32) is attached to the valve bridge (12).

8. An engine comprising a valve mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which valve play can be monitored on-line.